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人教版·必修2 Unit 1 Cultural relics 3. Grammar:限制性和非限制性定语从句一、单句改错。
每句中只有一处错误，找出并改正。
1. When people talk about Hangzhou, the first comes to mind is the West Lake.2. In the distance there is a hill, on the top of it stands a white temple.3. I have never been to Dalian which is said to be an attractive city.4. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.5. In an open boat, the four men, one of them was a doctor, met with a storm on the sea.二、用适当的关系词填空。
1. I,________ is your good friend, will of course try my best to help ________ you out.2. He reached London in 1996,________ , some time later, he became a famous actor.3. Mr. Green will come to the party on Sunday, ________ he promised to every one of us.4. The professor has two sons, both of ________ are teaching in the same university.5. The film brought the hours back to me ________ I was taken good care of in that far away village.6. I'll never forget the days ________ I lived in the country with the farmers, ________ have a great effect on me.7. The weather turned out to be very good, ________ was more than we could expect.8. Charlie Chaplin, for ________ life was hard, began acting at the age of five.9. We are talking about the subject ________ importance I haven’t realized yet.10. The science of medicine, ________ progress has been very rapid, is perhaps the most important of all the sciences.三、把下列汉语翻译成英语。
第三讲Grammar and Writing目标导航jingGrammar——表语从句用适当的连接词填空①One theory was that bad air caused the disease.②Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.③The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.④What John Snow showed to the world was how cholera could be overcome.⑤What Snow was determined to find out was why the 1854 outbreak of cholera in London could have caused over 500 deaths within ten days.【自主发现】1．在复合句中充当表语的从句称为表语从句。
这种从句往往是进一步对主句的主语进行解释说明。
2．引导表语从句的连接词有连接代词that如句①、句②、句③；that引导表语从句时，仅起连接作用，无任何意义，在从句中不作任何成分，不可省略；连接副词有how，why等，如句④、句⑤。
语法知识解析一、连接词的用法1．that引导的表语从句。
用法：①无意义②不充当句子成分③不可省略The trouble is that she has lost his address.麻烦的是她弄丢了他的地址。
My suggestion is that we should tell him.我的建议是我们应该告诉他。
2．whether引导的表语从句。
用法：①表“是否”的意思②不充当句子成分③不可省略The question remains whether they will be able to help us.问题仍然是他们能否帮我们。
Ⅰ.用关系代词或关系副词填空1．There is no simple answer, ________ is often the case in science.2．________ is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.3．Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ________ they live.4．The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform ________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.5．I will never forget the year ________ my father worked in the factory.6．The thought of going back home was all ________ kept him happy while he was working abroad.7．I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ________ help I would never have got this far.8．It is the third time that she has won the race, ________ has surprised us all.9．He is such a clever boy ________ we are all fond of.10．We live in a big house ________ windows face south.★★答案★★1．as 2.As 3.where/in which 4.where/on which5．when/in which 6.that7.whose8.which9.as10.whoseⅡ.语法填空For most Americans，clocks and watches are very important.They are always aware of them.In the morning some people have to get up when it isstill dark.__1__ sleep through several hours of sunlight.But both groups wake up __2__ they hear their alarm clock ring.When they get __3__(dress) and eat breakfast，they listen to the radio，and the radio __4__ (tell) them again and again exactly what time it is.On the way to work or school, people look at their __5__ (watch). If they think they are going to be late, they hurry. At work, Americans think it is important to arrive at meetings on time. Their lunch breaks are short, __6__ (last) only half an hour or an hour. Late in __7__ afternoon, they check their watches often to see how soon they __8__ go home.In the evening，however，Americans are more relaxed. They try __9__ (arrive) on time，but they don't worry if they are a few minutes late to meet friends in a restaurant.Also, people who arrive a few minutes late to a movie are usually in time to see the main feature film.Americans are used to living by clocks and watches. It is __10__ (difficulty) for them to understand that people in many parts of the world don't think time is so important.★★答案★★与解析1．Others考查代词。
Section ⅢGrammar——限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。
这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，书写时不可用逗号分开。
非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作附加补充说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清晰完整。
这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切，书写时往往用逗号分开。
非限制性定语从句一般不用that引导。
Do you know the girl who just came in?你认识那个刚刚进来的女孩吗？(若把从句去掉，则不明白是哪个女孩)The old woman，who lives on her own，has a cat for company.这个老妇人一个人住，养了一只猫陪伴她。
(若把从句去掉，仍然知道是哪个老妇人)[即时训练1]单句语法填空①My house，which I bought last year，has got a lovely garden.②The boy that/who broke the window is called Tom.一、只用that不用which的情况1．先行词是不定代词all，much，little，something，everything，anything，nothing，none等或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时。
Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?你有什么要为自己说的吗？2．先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或the only，the very (恰恰，正好)，the last，all，no，few，little，any等修饰时。
This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。
This is the only thing that we can do now.这是我们现在唯一能做的事情。
新版高一Unit 1重点语法Grammar 定语从句-高一必修二重难点易错题精练人教版Unit 1单元重点语法专项练习（单项选择+单句语法填空）定语从句一、单项选择1．Usually my schedule is full and Sunday is the only day ______ I can enjoy my free time.A．that B．which C．when D．where2．The United Kingdom is one of the countries ______ people drive on the left.A．which B．that C．where D．when3．Endurance, perseverance, industry and talent are the means ________ men achieve great ends.A．in which B．by which C．of which D．on which4．Wind power is an ancient source of energy ________ we may return in the near future. A．on which B．from which C．by which D．to which5．The reason ________ he was late for the meeting is ________ his car broke down on the road.A．for which, because B．that, thatC．why, because D．why, that6．There were dirty marks on her trousers _________ she had wiped her hands.A．where B．which C．when D．that7．Do you know anything about the accident _________ in the street yesterday? A．happened B．was happeningC．which happened D．which was happened8．He is the very man in ________ pocket I found my lost money.A．that B．who C．whom D．whose9．Learning English is quite like walking in a long journey _________ sweat, diligence and hard work are needed.A．which B．that C．where D．whose10．In the digital age, we are able to find people________ share our interests more easily. A．when B．which C．where D．who11．He lived in a small village ________ was a long way from the railway station. A．which B．what C．where D．when12．Mr. Lin, without ________ we wouldn’t have succeeded, deserves to be crowned as the VIP of our team.A．what B．whom C．which D．whose13．I will never forget the people__________helped me a lot during my hard time.A．which B．who C．whose D．whom14．The only thing________ many of the papers focus their attention is the argument about the statements made by the foreign secretary.A．which B．that C．on which D．on that15．Life is like a long race________ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. A．which B．what C．that D．where16．We’ll call on a man ________ I believe can give us very good advice.A．which B．whoC．whom D．whomever17．After working for 10 years, I find teaching is a job ________you are doing something serious but interesting.A．that B．which C．when D．where18．—What do you think of the activity organized by our school last Saturday?—It really gave us a platform ___________ we learned team spirit.A．that B．where C．which D．when19．It is one of the most surprising moments in Oscar history________actor Will Smith walked on stage and slapped Chris Rock for a joke________Rock made about Smith’s wife's hair.A．which; that B．that; when C．when; that D．which; which20．________ they need is a fast Internet connection ________ can be trusted. A．What; that B．All what; that C．All that; what D．That; what二、用单词的适当形式完成句子21．The people in Syria have been looking forward to the day ______ the conflict will end.22．Lisa is an outstanding graduate ______ life stories have greatly inspired her fellow schoolmates.23．Put simply, potential is your natural ability _________ can be developed when you try hard enough.24．I have reached a point in my life _________ I am supposed to make up my mind. 25．They are now in a better position _________ they can be very successful this year. 26．Why do you choose to ask him questions at a time _________ he is unhappy? 27．It was a time _________ people weren’t so hung up about health.28．It’s one of the f ew countries___________ people drive on the left.29．She will never forget the days ________she spent in Beijing.30．There are many people________ only online activity is sending and receiving e-mails.31．Are you the man ________bicycle was stolen?32．Do you know who is living in the house________ windows face south?33．It was the midnight________ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.34．Was it at the school ________ he spent his childhood?35．Is this the museum ______ you once visited?36．Do you still remember the days________ we studied together?37．She’ll never forget her stay there ____ she found her son who went missing two years before.38．Do you know the reason _______Jim failed to come today?39．I will never forget the months ________I spent with my cousin in Beijing. 40．People are living in an age ________many jobs are done on computer.41．The dogs were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with caring for these animals.42．Anyone______ has helped to rescue the drowning girl is worth praising.43．I talked with the man______house was destroyed in the flood.44．Do you know the lady with______our English teacher is talking under the big tree? 45．We often talk about the things and persons________we remember at school. 46．The rescue workers brought tents and lamps to the shelters ________ the victims were staying.47．Tom took the police to the spot________ the accident happened.48．He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ________he is likely to lose c ontrol over the plane.49．He told the truth to the manager in a way________ surprised everyone present at the meeting.50．He is my father ________ is an English teacher.51．This is the girl __________ English is the best in our class.52．I’d like a room ________window faces the sea.53．The book ________ I borrowed from the library yesterday has been lost.54．A contest is a competition or game in ________ people try to win.55．The T-shirt I received is not the same one _________ is shown online.56．We are just to reach a point ________ both sides will sit down together and talk. 57．The house _______which he paid 200,000 yuan is now worth 350,000yuan.58．He resigned from the company in order to find a better position _________ he could give his ability into full play.59．The village has developed a lot ________ we learned farming two years ago. 60．In my opinion, anyone _________ is anxious about the result will fail after all. 61．—Where did you get to know her？—It was on the farm _________we worked.62．On average, 15 per cent of the criminals ________are set free tend to commit crimes again.63．After the crash, 80 per cent of the passengers_______ recovered from the shock somehow suffered a slow reaction.64．The medicine ________ he bought is good for your health.65．A series of exchange activities ________ we organised in digital technology have achieved great success.66．There was a time ________ women were looked down upon and could not find satisfying jobs.67．Keep away from such persons ______________will do you no good.68．This is the village ________ we visited last week.69．The teacher asks us to pay attention to everything ________ he does.70．Mr Black would never forget the day ________ he joined the army.三、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Unit 1Cul tural relicsGrammarⅠ句型转换(用定语从句改写下列句子)1．David is a teacher of much knowledge.Much can be learned from him.________________________________________________________________________2．A dictionary is a book.It tells us how to use words.________________________________________________________________________3．He was often late for school.It made his head teacher angry.________________________________________________________________________4．She didn't give the reason.It explained her being late for the meeting last Friday.________________________________________________________________________5．The man was talking to me just now.He is a doctor.________________________________________________________________________Ⅱ在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)1．Mr Peter who is teaching us English is such a good teacher ________ we all like.2．The old town has narrow streets and small houses ________ are built close to each other.3．Tom has four sisters, of ________ the oldest is a teacher in our school.4．Charlie Chaplin, ________ childhood was hard, began acting at the age of five.5．Last month, part of South-East Asia was struck by floods, from ________ effects the people are still suffering.6．Lucy, ________ we had expected, got the first place in the competition.7．That evening, ________ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.8．I made friends with Bill during his stay in Beijing, ________ he was studying Chinese in a university there.9．When people talk about Hangzhou, the first ________ comes to mind is the West Lake.10．Yesterday we went to visit the farm ________ my father used to work for nearly ten years.11．I am going to the airport to meet my uncle tomorrow morning, ________ he will be back from abroad.12．Last year the well-known actress did all ________ she could to help the poor children in that mountain village.13．All the neighbours admire this family ______ the parents are treating their child like a friend.14．During the Olympic Games many people served as volunteers，most of ________ were young college students.15．Today, we'll discuss a number of cases ________ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.Ⅲ阅读理解AProbably you have seen photographs of the Grand Canyon(大峡谷), the great valley in the desert country of Arizona.But you must go there yourself to feel its true size and beauty.The Grand Canyon is one of the greatest natural wonders of the world.The Colorado River formed the Grand Canyon over millions of years.Slowly, the river cut down through hard rocks.At the same time，the land was rising.Today，the canyon is one and a half kilometres deep and 445 kilometres long.The oldest rocks at the bottom of the canyon are more than 1 billion years old.The width varies from about 200 metres to 29 kilo-metres across.The rim(边缘) or top of the canyon is about 2，300 metres above sea level on the South Rim, and about 3，000 metres on the other side, the North Rim.As a result, there are different kinds of plants and animals on opposite sides of the canyon.The South Rim has dry desert while the North Rim has tall forests.The canyon looks different at different time of day, and in different seasons.At sunrise and sunset the red, gold, brown and orange colours of the rocks are especially clear and bright.In winter, the canyon is partly covered with snow.The North Rim of the canyon is quieter.It takes all day to drive there from the South Rim because there is only one bridge across the Colorado River.On the way, you go through Navajo Indian lands, and a col ourful pink desert called “The Painted Desert”．You can walk down into the Grand Canyon, or you can go down on the back of a mule(骡子)．You can also take a boat trip down the Colorado River，and camp on the beaches at night.But whether you see the Grand Canyon from the top or the bottom, it will be an experience that you will never forget.1．The best way to feel the size and beauty of the Grand Canyon is to ________．A．see its photographs B．listen to the report about itC．watch its programmes D．travel there yourself2．________ made the Grand Canyon.A．The earthquake B．The water from the Colorado RiverC．The land's rising D．The strong wind3．________ of the canyon is different at different time.A．The scene B．The rim C．The width D．The colours of the rocks4．Which of the following statements is NOT true?A．The Grand Canyon is getting deeper and deeper.B．The oldest rocks at the bottom of the canyon are more than 1 billion years old.C．If you want to get the finest beauty of the canyon, you'd better go to its bottom.D．The animals and plants of the two sides of the canyon are of the same kind.BDuring a full moon, the white stone used to build the Taj Mahal shines like a pearl.Visitors are told that it's the best time to see the monument, built by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan for his favourite wife.The Taj Mahal is open for full moon tours only three nights a month, and only for special groups.Full moon or not, however, about 20，000 tourists visit the Taj Mahal every day except Friday, when the monument is closed.Last year, 6.29 million foreigners, mostly from the United States and Western Europe, visited India for leisure, accounting for 16.56 billion in tourism receipts.For sure, many of them visited the Taj Mahal in the city of Agra in Uttar Pradesh state, about 200 kilometre from the capital New Delhi.More than foreigners, however, this country's 1.22 billion people keep the local tourism industry full of energy.The Taj Mahal itself had quantities of visitors when I visited Sunday afternoon.There was hardly room to breathe inside the monument.I must have lost 10 pounds, sweating inside and in the open areas.When the temperature reaches up to nearly 50 degrees Celsius during an average summer in India, the Taj Mahal is shut down.Temperature in Agra has hit a record of 79 degrees Celsius, but that was back in 1932.In recent days, Agra is suffering from a high temperature.That's burning to half death if I were inManila now.Maybe it is my imagination, but I think even the cows couldn't put up with the heat and hardly moved on the narrow road leading to the Taj Mahal.Neither heat nor rain nor cattle blocking the street can keep away the groups of tourists that are to see the Taj Mahal.And the Indian government is keen to bring in more visitors.Nearly 6.3 million foreign visitors are not a lot for a country this size, with its wonderful culture and many travel attractions.5．What can we conclude from the passage?A．The author wishes to share his visit to the Taj Mahal.B．The author complains the Taj Mahal is too crowded.C．The author warns people not to visit the Taj Mahal.D．The author introduces the Taj Mahal to readers.6．It is the best to enjoy the Taj Mahal during a full moon ________．A．because visitors are allowed into the Taj Mahal thenB．because visitors are hoping to become the special groupC．because visitors can enjoy the most wonderful Taj MahalD．because visitors can enjoy themselves in a quiet atmosphere7．When the author visited the Taj Mahal ________．A．the temperature was about 50 degrees CelsiusB．visitors were almost burnt to half deathC．he had a wonderful imagination about the buildingD．there were so many visitors in the Taj MahalCChina is a land of bicycles.At least it was back in 1992 when I travelled the country.Back then everyone seemed to be riding a lions of them, all black.Cars were rare.Yet since my arrival in Beijing last year, I've found the opposite is true.There are millions of cars.However, people still use their bicycles to get around.For many, it's the easiest and cheapest way to travel today.Bicycles also come in different colours—silver, green, red, blue, yellow, whatever you want.It's fun watching people biking.They rush quickly through crossroads, move skillfully through traffic, and ride even on sidewalks(人行道)．Bicycles allow people the freedom to move about that cars just can't provide.Eager to be part of this aspect of Chinese culture, I decided to buy a bicycle.Great weatheraccompanied(陪伴) my great buy.I immediately jumped up on my bicycle seat and started home.My first ride home was orderly(守秩序的)．To be safe, I stayed with a “pack” of bikers while cars on the streets came running swiftly out of nowhere at times.I didn't want to get hit.So I took the ride carefully.Crossing the streets was the biggest problem.It was a lot like crossing a major highway back in the United States.The streets here were wide, so crossing took time, skill and a little bit of luck.I finally made it home.The feeling on the bicycle was amazing.The air hitting my face and going through my hair was wonderful.I was sitting on top of the world as I passed by places and people.Biking made me feel alive.8．According to the author, why are bicycles still popular in China today?A．Because they are convenient and inexpensive.B．Because they are traditional and safe.C．Because they are colourful and available.D．Because they are fast and environment-friendly.9．How did the author feel about his street crossing?A．It was boring. B．It was wonderful.C．It was lively. D．It was difficult.10．Which of the following best describes the author's biking experience?A．The author enjoyed showing off his biking skills.B．The author took great pleasure in biking.C．The author was praised by the other bikers.D．The author was annoyed by the air while riding.Ⅳ读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
高二英语Unit 1 Grammar 虚拟语气知识精讲新人教版选修6一、学习目标：1. 学习虚拟语气在条件句中的应用。
2. 掌握虚拟语气使用的语境与方法。
二、重点、难点：虚拟语气在条件句中的句型结构。
三、考情分析：在高考题中，目前全国19套各地市试题中涉与到虚拟语气知识点的占30%以上，因此这一语法项目在高考中变得越来越重要。
这一知识点经常以单项选择题的形式出现，分值为1分。
而且，我们在日常对话中也会经常用到虚拟语气。
四、知能提升〔一〕知识讲解【认知讲解】教材原句呈现①If you were an artist, what kind of pictures would you paint?②If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.③Have you ever wished you could paint as well as a professional artist?比照分析第一个句子中的从句显然是做了一个不可能成立的假设，这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气的句子。
第二个句子中如此是与过去事实相反，是表示如果透视法没有被发现，就没有人能够画出这样具有现实主义的画来。
第三个句子中wish后面的虚拟语气，表示与将来事实相反。
【重、难点】1〕虚拟语气可以用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
虚拟语气在条件句中应用得比拟多。
2〕条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际发生的可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
I.真实条件句用于陈述语气，所假设的情况有可能发生。
结构如下所示：从句往往用一般现在时，而主句如此由“shall/will + 动词原形〞构成。
Unit 1 Science and ScientistsLearning About Language Period 2教材分析本单元学习的重点语法结构是表语从句。
表语从句是在主从复合句中充当表语的从句。
与宾语从句、主语从句一样，表语从句也是名词性从句中的一种。
表语从句的引导词有that、whether、how、what、where、as if、because等。
活动1旨在引导学生感知表语从句的结构特点并思考其表意功能。
活动2让学生使用表语从句回答与课文相关的四个问题，使用目标结构重述熟悉的信息，体会其意义和功能。
活动3属于综合运用阶段，首先让学生使用引导词将对话一方David的话语（多为表语从句)补充完整，然后让学生把David的话语按照逻辑顺序还原到完整的对话语境中。
教学目标在本课学习结束时，学生能够：1.在具体语境中观察、发现表语从句的功能和规律，总结该结构的特征；2.加以实际运用，从而巩固和提高相关语法知识。
教学重难点【教学重点】1. 表语从句的判断；2. 表语从句的引导词及如何确定表语从句的引导词。
【教学难点】1. 表语从句的难点句式；2. 语篇的衔接手段。
教学过程Step 1 Warming-upRead the following sentences and find out the clauses and the linking words.设计意图：引导学生感知和发现表语从句的结构特点, 引导学生主动参与语法学习，而不是被动地接受教师对语法的讲解。
Step 2 Grammar focus1. Some key points.2. Some useful tips.设计意图：结合例子，系统讲解表语从句相关语法知识。
Step 3 Practice1. Mark the linking words in the following sentences and pay attention to the words before them.2. Answer the following questions using information from the reading passage as well as the predicative clauses.3. David is talking to Maria about their scientific research project. First complete David’s lines (A-E), using the words in the box. Then put David’s lines in the correct order and practise the conversation.4. What factors help us continue the conversation?5. Complete the conversation and read it.6. Translate the following sentences into English.设计意图：通过不同形式和不同层次的教学活动，引导学生既关注语法结构的形式（form），又关注语法结构的表意功能（meaning），即语法结构在具体语境中的使用，让学生通过完成具体活动掌握单元目标语法结构并发现其规律，运用目标语法结构解决问题。
PeriodFour Grammar—TheRestrictiveandNonRestrictiveAttributiveClauses感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题句1、3、6为非限制性定语从句；句2、4、5为限制性定语从句；在形式上非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别在于：关系词前是否有逗号。
1．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的不同(1)限制性定语从句用来修饰和限定先行词，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义，它与主句关系十分密切，不用逗号分开；而非限制性定语从句与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作附加的说明，即使去掉，主句的意思依然清楚完整，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。
Theperson whom/who youwerelookingforisdownstairs.(限制性定语从句)你找的那个人正在楼下。
ThisnotewasleftbyTom，who washereamomentago.(非限制性定语从句)这个便条是汤姆留下的，刚才他还在这里。
(2)限制性定语从句的先行词一般为单个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是单个的名词或代词，也可以是整个句子。
Tomhadmadegreatprogress，which madeusveryhappy.汤姆取得了很大的进步，这使我们很高兴。
(3)that可用来引导限制性定语从句，但一般不用来引导非限制性定语从句；限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略，在某些表示时间(year)、地点(place)、原因(reason)的词后，关系副词在口语中可省略；而非限制性定语从句中，关系词不可省略。
Ihavebeentothecitytwice(that/which) youjustvisited.你刚参观完的那座城市我去过两次。
Idon’tliketheway (that/inwhich) youspeaktome.我不喜欢你对我讲话的方式。
Unit 1《HOW CAN WE BECOME GOOD LEARNERS?》语法精讲（一）介词by的用法1. by表示方式、方法或手段，后接名词或动名词，意为“使用某物；(做某事)靠...；乘(车、船)等”(用how 提问) 。
➩ Do you learn English by reading aloud?你通过大声朗读来学习英语吗？➩ I often go to school by bike. 我经常骑自行车去上学。
➩ — How can I turn on this light? 我怎么开这盏灯？— By turning this button. 转这个按钮。
2. by表示时间，意为“到……时(为止)；在……以前、不迟于”。
如：➩ I have to go to bed by ten o'clock. 我必须10点前睡觉。
➩ Can you finish your work by the end of the day? 你能在今天前完成你的工作吗？3. by表示地点、位置，意为“靠近；在……旁边”。
如：➩ The boy often reads books by the river. 这个男孩经常在河边读书。
常连用的短语：by the way 顺便问一下by accident= by chance 偶然地by mistake 错误地by the time 到……为止by oneself 独自地by hand 用手by the end of 到.... 末尾go/pass by 通过；经过by与with, in的区别：◆with 的用法：表示用某种工具(1). with +工具We like to write with a pen.(2). with +人体部位We see with our eyes.◆in 的用法：通常与“衣着、声音、书写材料”等名称连用in+语言in English 用英语in ink 用墨水speak in a loud voice大声地讲in red 穿红色的衣服（二）动名词用法小结1. 动名词在句中作主语(1). 动名词作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
M2 Unit Cultural HeritageGrammar: Attributive Clause: Prep.+ Relative Pron.Motto: Art is long, life is short. 人生有限，学海无涯。
Ⅰ. Learning aims:1. To learn the Attributive Clause: the structure of Prep.+ Relative Pron.2. To correctly use the Attributive Clause: the structure of Prep.+ Relative Pron.Learning guidance Tests1. Lead-in Review the restrictive relative clauses as a lead-in._________________________________________________________________2. Presentation Find and underline the Attributive Clause in the sentences below.1. We will never forget the days when we stayed at that beautiful countryside.2. Can you explain the reason why you don’t help him?3. This is the factory where (=in which)the explosion happened.4. The student with whom she is strict has made great progress.5. The company in which Peter is working is very famous.1)从句子1、2、3可以看出，当先行词分别为表示时间、原因或地点的名词,且从句中需要相应的时间、原因或地点作状语时,定语从句用关系副_________、_________、_________。
高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册unit 1 Grammar表语从句(ThePredicative Clause)一、表语从句的定义：表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语，放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语，用来说明主语是什么或者怎么样。
The problem is puzzling.主语连系动词形容词作表语The problem is when we can get a pay rise. 主语连系动词一个句子作表语一表语从句二、表语从句的构成：系动词+引导词+简单句What I want to say is that I am tired.三、表语从句的用法.可按表语从句的连系动词有：1).最常用连系动词：be(am; is/was; are/were)o一般在句子中译成：“ 日”7E ...China is no longer what she used to be.2).表变化的系动词：get; turn; go; fall; become; grow; come; run。
用法注意：在英语中，系动词一般只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态变化形式，没有其他时态变化形式。
但表变化的这类系动词除外，它们有各种时态变化。
It is becoming colder and colder. The food has gone bad.此处还需注意的是become和turn后接表职业的名词时冠词的有无：Two years later, he became a teacher.但Two years later, he turned teacher.另外，g。
表变化时一般指事情向消极、不好的方面转化。
3).所谓“感官动词”:look; sound; ta ste; smell; fbeL般它们在句子中译成:“・・・起来; ...上去”。
此类系动词为高考高频词。
The food tasted good.食物尝起来很香。
