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Which is the genus? The species?
"Formal" scientific names should have a third part, the authority. The authority is not italicized or underlined. The authority is written as an abbreviation of the last name of the person responsible for naming the organism. Since Carolus Linnaeus was the first person to name many plants, the L. for Linnaeus is very common in plant scientific names.
•Classification •Taxonomy •Aristotle •Linnaeus •Kingdom •Phylum •CLeabharlann Baiduass
•Order •Family •Genus •Species •Common name •Scientific name •Binomial nomenclature
Systematics, as systematic taxonomy is
commonly called, is the study of the evolution of biological diversity.
A phylogenetic tree is a family tree that shows a hypothesis about the evolutionary relationships thought to exist among groups of organisms. It does not show the actual evolutionary history of organisms. Why a hypothesis?
An example is Quercus alba L.
Phylogeny, the evolutionary history of an
organism, is the cornerstone of a branch of biology called systematic taxonomy.
Binomial Nomenclature
•a two name system for writing scientific names. •The genus name is written first (always Capitalized). •The species name is written second (never capitalized). •Both words are italicized if typed or underlined if hand written. Example: Felis concolor or F. concolor
Phylogenetic trees are usually based on a combination of these lines of evidence: Fossil record
Morphology
Embryological patterns of development
Prokaryotic Cell
Eukaryotic Cell
Autotrophs
capture the light energy from sunlight and convert it to chemical energy they use for food.
Heterotrophs must get energy by eating autotrophs or other heterotrophs. Decomposers, aka saprobes, are heterotrophs that recycle dead organisms by breaking them down.
• Classification the grouping of information or objects based on similarities.
•We only know about a fraction of the organisms that exist or have existed on Earth. •Taxonomists give a unique scientific name to each species they know about whether it’s alive today or extinct.
• The scientific name comes from one of two “dead” languages – Latin or ancient Greek. Why use a dead language?
Devil Cat
Ghost Cat
Mountain Lion
Screaming Cat
•Phylogeny •Systematics Hypothesis •Cladistics •Derived character •Cladogram •Dichotomous Key
• Taxonomy is the science of grouping
and naming organisms.
Puma
Florida Panther
Cougar
•There are at least 50 common names for the animal shown on the previous 7 slides. •Common names vary according to region. •Soooo……why use a scientific name?
