河北省衡水中学2020届高三下学期期中考试试题5月(PDF 含答案)
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【附20套⾼考模拟试题】河北省衡⽔中学2020届⾼三下学期期中考试英语版含答案含答案河北省衡⽔中学2020届⾼三下学期期中考试英语版含答案第⼀部分(共20⼩题每,⼩题1.5分,满分30分)1.I keep the picture where I can see it every day, reminds me of the days in my hometown. A.that B.whichC.who D.when2.If the new security system ______ into effect, such accidents would never have happened. A.would be put B.were put C.should be put D.had been put3.—— Congratulations on your promotion. Go out for dinner, OK?—— Good! __________, just you and me.A.Follow me B.My treatC.My pleasure D.Allow me4.One of the true tests of leadership is the ability to recognize a problem ________ it becomes an emergency.A.when B.beforeC.after D.unless5.But for your help, I __________ the work on time. I really do not know how I can thank you enough. A.wouldn't finish B.hadn't finishedC.wouldn't have finished D.won't have finished6.—What do you think of teaching, Bob?—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ________ you are doing something serious and interesting. A.which B.where C.when D.that7.He messed the project up, but he behaved as if nothing ______.A.had happened B.happenedC.would happen D.would have happened8.—I have been decorating the apartment recently, so can you lend me some money?—Sorry, all my money has gone to the stock market. _________.A.I’d rather not.B.I am in the black.C.I wouldn’t bet on it.D.I am a little shy.9.The manager is trying to find a man to recommend how the job .A.is done B.be done C.should done D.to do10.—What about watching a ballet show this evening?—Thanks for inviting me, but bal let isn’t really ______.A.the apple of my eye B.my feet of clayC.my cup of tea D.the salt of the earth11.If it ________ for her great help then, I would not study English so well now.A.hasn’t been B.wasn’tC.hadn’t been D.isn’t12.When you are dressed in the latest style, dancing to the most fashionable music after watching the latest film, you feel great,______?A.aren't you B.don't you C.do you D.are you13.The village evolved into a major e-commerce center, and _____ the past, the villagers owed their success to the reform and opening-up policy.A.reviewed B.reviewingC.to review D.being reviewed14.Whitney Houston’s sudden death suggests that drug abuse is such a serious problem ________ we should deal with it appropriately.A.as B.that C.which D.where15.You can only be sure of _____ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _____ you might get in the future. A.that; what B.what; / C.which; that D./; that16.he newly-discovered star was named _____ a Chinese astronomer ________his contributions to astronomy. A.for; in favor of B.after; in honor ofC.by; in memory of D.as; in praise of17.He worked in a car factory for four years, ______ he founded his own company in his hometown. A.after which B.after whenC.after that D.after it18.I’m not sure of the reason for the dog’s illness, but it ____ by eating too much.A.may have been caused B.need have been causedC.should have been caused D.must have been caused19.— BoB.could I use your computer this evening?—Sorry. I a report on it then.A.will be writing B.have been writingC.have written D.will have written20.“Drive-ins” have large parking lots ________ customers are served in their cars by waitresses. A.who B.when C.which D.where第⼆部分阅读理解(满分40分)阅读下列短⽂,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
2019-2020学年河北衡水中学高三英语下学期期中试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAre you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to? Try some of these places.★Visit art museums.They offer a variety of activities to excite your kids' interest. Many offer workshops for making hand-made pieces, traveling exhibits, book signings by children's favorite writer, and even musical performances and other arts.★Head to a natural history museum.This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur(恐龙) models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky. Also, ask what kind of workshops and educational programs are prepared for kids and any special events that are coming up.★Go to a Youtheater.Look for one in your area offering plays for child and family visitors.Pre-show play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kids can discover the secret about performing arts Puppet(木偶)making and stage make-up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.★Tryhands-on science.Visit one of the many hands-on science museums aroundthe country.These science play-lands are great fun for kids and grown-ups alike. They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building. When everyone is tired, enjoy a fun family science show, commonly found in these museums.1.If a child is interested in the universe, he probably will visit _____.A.a YoutheaterB.an art museumC.a hands-on science museumD.a natural history museum2.What does "hands-on science" mean in the last paragraph?A.Science games designed by kids.B.Learning science by doing things.C.A show of kids' science work.D.Reading science books.3.Where does this text probably come from?A.A museum guide.B.A tourist map.C.A science textbook.D.A news report.BAs is commonly known,Antarcticais an icy continent with extreme environment. However, a new studyprovides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past.The researchers collected a piece of Earth sediment from under the seafloor off the coast ofAntarctica. In the sediment, they discovered forest material that was estimated to be about 90 million years old. At that period, dinosaurs were the ruler animals of the land.Johann Klages, a German geologist, was the lead writer of a study on the findings, published in the journalNature. He said the sediment was collected from a depth of about 30 meters below the ocean floor. Klages said an examination showed that the material didn’t form in the ocean.The researchers estimate that the area — about 900 kilometers from the South Pole — had average yearly temperatures of about12°Cto13°C. The soil included fine dirt particles and hard clay, as well as substances linked to at least 65 different kinds of plants, the study found. Although no animal remains were found, Klages said there were likely dinosaurs, flying reptiles and many insects in the environment.The research represents new evidence of the major climate changes Earth experienced in the past — and is currently undergoing today. The soil in the sediment dates back to the planet’s warmest period of the past 140 million years, with sea level about 170 meters higher than today. The researchers said that the rainforest environment inAntarcticawas especially surprising because each year, the area experiences a four-month polar night when there is no sunlight to fuel plant life. Klages said no ice sheets were present during the time, but seasonal snowfall was likely.4. What can we learn about the sediment collected?A. It formed in the age of dinosaurs.B. It was found on theAntarcticaland.C. Ancient forest material was found in it.D. Some dinosaur remains were found in it.5. How did the researchers reach their findings?A. By analyzing the Earth sediment.B. By exploring ice inAntarctica.C. By collecting data on climate.D. By researching special plants.6. What can be indicated in the last paragraph?A. Seasonal snowfall made the forest disappear.B. Antarctica was much colder 140 million years ago.C. Antarctica’s natural environment has changed greatly.D. Polar nights inAntarcticaare getting shorter than before.7. What is the main idea of the text?A. Rainforest disappeared fromAntarctica.B. Antarctica had a different history of climate.C. Researchers studied a piece of Earth sediment ofAntarctica.D.Antarcticahad an extreme environment containing ice and snow.CIf you have ever been disappointed because you don’t have a good gardener ,the clever robot may one day become the helper of your indoor plantsThe Hexa Plant is a six-legged robot that has been specially made to care for the potted plant that carries on top of its head .Using light and heats sensors (传感器) the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out the daylight .If the houseplant needs more sun,the Hexa will walk into the sunlight ;and if the houseplant is getting too hot , the Hexa will go back into the area that blocks direct light The Hexa Plant will even do a little dance when it senses that the plant needs to be watered to warn its owner .The robot was developed by Vincross engineer and founder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead sunflower sitting in the darkness in a room back in 2014 .” Plants only receive an action without responding ,”SunTianqi wrote in a blog post .” Whether they are being cut ,bitten ,burned or pulled from the earth ,or when they haven’t received enough sunshine ,water ,or are too hot or cold ,they will hold still and take whatever is happening to them .According to Sun Tianqi ,for billions of years ,plants have never experienced movement of any kind ,not even the simplest movement .In their whole lives ,they stick to where they were born .Sun Tianqi continued ,” Do they want break their own settings or have a tendency towards this ?I do not know the answer ,but would love to try to share some of this human tendency and technology with plants With the help of the robot ,plants can experience the move”.The Hexa Plant model robots are not for sale ,though Vincross does sell a Hexa robot model .It is said that in the near future the robots can open up a new market to watch over our household plants8. What can we learn about the Hexa Plant?A. It helps people do some gardening .B. It waters the plants through dancingC. It helps indoor plants get proper sunlightD. It carries the potted plant with its hands9. What does the author try to show through Paragraph 3?A. The way plants spend their whole livesB. The common way people deal with plantsC. The difference between plants and humansD. The cause of making the indoor plants’ helper.10. What does Sun Tianqi try do using this technology?A. To develop gardening skills.B. To draw people’s attention plantsC. make plants experience moveD. study the living conditions of plants11. What can be the best title for the text?A. A New Market for robotsB. An Indoor Plants’ HelperC. An Important Development in GardeningD The Tendency of Gardening in the FutureDIn someareas ofCalifornia, it’s so dry that farmers aren’t willing to plant crops this season. Growers, north ofSan Francisco, have begun pulling out of local farmers markets.CountyLineHarvest, which farms more than 30 acres inPetaluma, hasn’t had enough water to grow all the peppers, lettuces and other produce for a long time, according to a video on its Instagram page. Nearby farms arc saying the same, emphasizing (强调) the effect of theextendeddry periods.Californiagrows a third of theUnited States' vegetables and two-thirds of the nation's fruits and nuts. If dry weather prevents farmers from growing plants, that could lead to pushing up the price of food that's already starting to affect theU.S.economy.“Due to severe drought, for the first time in 21 years, we will not be able to grow this summer inPetaluma,"CountyLinesaid in its post.Drew Lerner, president of World Weather Inc. inKansas, saidCalifornia“missed the rainy season" and won't see much moisture (水分) over the next several months.A La Nina weather pattern in the Pacific pushed winter storms north and away from the state, leaving it with less moisture than usual. AsCaliforniagets most of its water from winter storms, little relief is expected before October.That has left growers such as Shao Shan Fann in a bind. The business can’t offer the selection of Asian vegetables and Bay Area staples it usually grows at its Bolinas location, according to its website.Nearby, Green Valley Community Farm has access to only about 5% of the water it usually relies on, owner David Plescia said. He’s looking for new land with enough water to use, and also has a permit in the works to grow cannabis to make up for the lost income. If it doesn’t make it, he’ll leave the fields empty.“It’s part of our generation’s cross to bear, figuring out how to run small — or medium-scale farm businesses in this kind of atmosphere of highly variable rainfall,” Andrew said.12. What does the underlined word “extended” in the second paragraph mean?A. Hot.B. Short.C. Long.D. Wonderful.13. Which is the result if the dry weather stops famers from planting crops?A. Theincreaseinthe priceof food.B. The growth of economy inU.S.C.Lessmoisture than usual.D. The low price of Asian vegetables.14. From what Andrew said, we can infer (推断) all of the following statements EXCEPT that________.A. The climate is not very goodB. It is part of the burden for people of his generationC. It is hard for him to run his farm businesses insuch bad climateD. He is sure that the serious drought will come to an end soon15. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. How do the famers run businesses inCalifornia.B. How does the owner look for new land with enough waterC. California farmers facing drought choose not to plant crops.D. The farm economy of theUnited Stateshas changed a lot.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年河北衡水中学高三英语下学期期中试题及参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AExperts say that if food were a country, it would rank second behind theUSas one of the biggest greenhouse gas polluters. The reason is the rising demand for meat. Animal farming is responsible for 14.5 percent of global methane emissions. While cowsare the worst contributors, pigs, sheep, donkeys and other animals play a part as well.Animal agriculture also causes land to become damaged, water to be polluted and forests to get destroyed. With the world population forecast to rise to 9.8 billion by 2050, things are only looking worse for our already decreasing natural resources. While going vegetarian would help, meat consumption is too deep-rooted in most Western diets to allow for such a sharp, permanent change. That is why experts are advocating substituting some of the beef, chicken, or pork with ordinary insects!Insects, which grow into adults within a matter of months, if not weeks, are ready for consumption much faster than domestic animals. They also require much less room, use less water and food, and produce far less greenhouse gas than animals.Of the 1.1 million insect species worldwide, scientists have identified 1,700 as eatable. Among them are ants, grasshoppers, grubs, and earthworms. Just like animals, each insect has a different taste. Tree worms taste just like pork, and grubs are similar to smoked meat.While eating insects might be a new concept for Western people, over 2 billion people worldwide consume insects as a regular part of their diet. Besides being delicious, insects are high in protein, have very few calories, and are free of the saturated fat found in animal meat. Insects can be prepared in many ways. Creative cooks can use them to cook protein-rich soup, make baked treats, and even fry a few with vegetables. So eat insects--- both your body and Mother Earth will thank you for it!1. Which of the following animals contribute the most to global methane emissions?A. Sheep.B. Donkeys.C. Cows.D. Pigs.2. How is the third paragraph developed?A. By making comparisons.B. By providing examples.C. By listing data.D. By asking questions.3. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Few people eat insects regularly.B. Ordinary insects are high in fat.C. Insects contain various vitamins.D. Saturated fat is harmful to health.BOne day about eight years ago in the departure lounge (休息室) of a flight from New York's LaGuardia airport to O'Hare in Chicago, I found a young boy in tears and his mother at his side also appeared upset, I walked to them and invited them to our VIP lounge.As it turned out, the boy, Miles and his mom were returning to their home in Kansas City. Miles has had some health problems. Though he had received more than thirty operations in a Jewish Hospital in New York, he would be back for more.Miles enjoyed spending his time in our VIP lounge looking at the entire wall filled with the pictures of many celebrities (名人) who often came to our office. We soon added Miles' picture to the wall among those celebrities.Among the celebrities, Miles like the country singer Garth Brooks best. Miles would just sit and stare at Garth's picture,Oneday, Mr. Brooks was waiting in the lounge for his flight. As he looked at the collection of photographs, Garth asked about the youngster with the big smile. We told him about Miles. We also told him how much Miles loved and respected (尊重) him. He nodded and left.About six months later, Garth was going to be performing in Kansas City and he asked our workers to help him get in touch with the family. He wanted Miles to be his guest. That evening, not only did Miles sit in the front row, but he and Garth also had a private meeting after the performance.Although Miles would receive many more treatments after that special evening, his smile greeted us with every following visit. The face of a sick boy was changed by the joy of a stranger.4. What does the author probably do?A. A worker at an airport.B. A killed photographer.C. A country music singer.D. A doctor in a Jewish hospital.5. What did Miles enjoy doing in the VIP lounge?A. Interviewing celebrities he saw there.B. Seeing pictures of celebrities on the wall.C. Drawing pictures of the celebrities there.D. Singing together with his favorite singer.6. Which words can best describe Garth Brooks?A. Determined and generous.B. Proud and selfish.C. Kind and helpful.D. Powerful and rich.7. What can be the best title for the text?A. Importance of Good ServiceB. Kindness from StrangersC. A Serious Health ProblemD. A Helpless MotherCDo you ever listen to the songs that your parents like? Chances are that you don’t. You probably think the music that they like is old and boring and that the songs on your playlist are muchcooler. But scientists found that people’s music taste changes as time goes by. So it is likely that your own musical preferences will follow a similar path to your parents’, whether you like it or not.We used to think that culture and personality (个性) are the only reasons for different music choices. But researchers at the University of Cambridge noticed that as people enter into different age groups, their social environment changes, and so does their music taste. There are some musical periods that people go through in their life.The first period comes in the teenage years, during which people like strong music such as punk and rock, because teenagers tend to be aggressive or want to be independent.But as people move into early adulthood, their lifestyles change they want to build close relationships with others. As a result, they become fonder of contemporary music, such as pop and R&.B, which is usually uplifting and danceable.When middle age comes, most people have settled down. During this period, people prefer music, such as jazz and classical, as well as music like country, folk and blues.As for old people, they prefer old songs in their childhoods. They generally listen to relaxing music, such as country music and jazz music. But you must be questioning. “Aren’t there old people who are still interested in or even crazy about rock music?” Of course there are. But their reasons for listening to rock music may have changed. At that age people may listen to remind themselves of their youth.8. What do young people usually think of the songs their parents enjoy?A. They are actually less cool.B. They are worth listening to.C. They are especially serious.D. They are hard to understand.9. How many musical periods are there that people go through in their life?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.10. People who want to make friends mostly prefer ________.A. jazz musicB. country musicC. rock musicD. pop music11. What is the best title for the text?A. People Have Different Opinions on MusicB. People Listen to Music for the Same ReasonC. People’s Taste in Music Changes with TimeD. People’s Lifestyle Can Be Changed by MusicDThere are 195 countries in the world today but almost none of them have purple on their national flag. So what’s wrong with purple? It’s such a popular color1 today. Why would no country use it in their flag? The answer is really quite simple. Purple was just for too expensive.The color1 purple has been associated with royalty power and wealth for centuries. Queen Elizabeth I forbade anyone except close members of the royal family to wear it. Purple’s high status comes from the rarity and cost of the dye (染料)originally used to produce it. Fabric traders got the dye from a small sea snail (海螺)that was only found in the Tyre region of the Mediterranean. More than 10,000 snails were needed to create just one gram of purple; not to mention a lot of work went into producing the dye, which made purple dye so expensive.Since only wealthy rulers could afford to buy and wear the color1 , it became associated with the royal family. Sometimes, however, the dye was too expensive even for royalty. Third century Roman Emperor Aurelio famously wouldn’t allow his wife to buy a scarf made from purple silk because it cost three times its weight in gold. A single pound of dye cost three pounds of gold, which equals 56,000 dollars today. Therefore, even the richest countries couldn’t spend that much having purple on their flags.The dye became more accessible to lower-class about a century and a half ago. In 1856, 18-year-old English chemist William Henry Perkin accidentally created a man-made purple compound (化合物)while attemptingto produce an anti-malaria drug. He noticed that the compound could be used to dye fabrics, so he patented the dye, manufactured it and got rich. Purple dye was then mass-produced so everybody could afford it.Till now, a handful of new national flags have been designed and a few of them have chosen to use purple in their flag. So don’t be making any bets just yet.12. Why was color1 purple expensive in the past?A. Because only royal families were allowed to wear purple.B. Because it took a long time to get purple dye from gold.C. Because purple was worth as much as its weight in gold.D. Because purple dye used to be rare and hard to produce.13. Why did Roman Emperor Aurelio forbid his wife to buy a purple scarf?A. Because of poor quality.B. Because of long tradition.C. Because of bad taste.D. Because of high price.14. What is purple's situation now?A. Purple has been widely used on national flags.B. Purple dye is now affordable to ordinary people.C. Royal family stop using purple because it’s toocommon.D. Fewer snails are used to produce purple dye than before.15. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. No Purple Flags?B. Purple vs GoldC. How to Produce Purple Dye?D. The Birth of Purple Color第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
河北省衡水中学2019-2020学年度高三年级下学期期中考试英语试卷第二部分阅读理解(共两节,每小题2分,满分40分)AOccasions like anniversaries, weddings and reunions call for special event venues (场地) .The following places may have a way out. There's no need to spend money creating atmosphere at special event venues. It's built right in!Hard Rock Cafe Anchorage415 E. STREET, ANCHORAGE, ALASKA 99501Events, like great music are born of inspiration. Featuring a 13.600-square-foot facility that will seat 275 guests with private event space, we pride ourselves on delivering an exceptional experience with a rock and rllwist for each of our guests.Business Expo Center1960 S. ANAHEIM WAY, ANAHEIM, CALIFORNIA 92805The Business Expo Center is Orange County's important event venue in Anaheim, California. Our flexible 36.000-square-foot expo center is home to space for conferences, trade shows and celebrations. We pride ourselves on providing a memorable experience with excellent flexibility, services, and cost savings. We won't charge customers for on-site parking and provide high-speed Wi-Fi.Automobile Driving Museum610 LAIRPORT STREET, EL SEGUNDO, CALIFORNIA 90245Centrally located in the South Bay beach community of EI Segundo, California, the ADM offers a wonderful venue for private parties and corporate events. Conveniently located 5 minutes south of LAX, right off the 405 and 105 Freeways, the 610 Lairport space has a special feel surrounded by our primary automobile collection. We offer several different venues inside and outside our facility for diverse events. To better our service, reservations are needed.Yamashiro Hollywood1999 N. SYCAMORE A VE., LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 90068Yamashiro Hollywood is a restaurant and therefore, all food and wine must be handled in house. However, guests are allowed to bring in outside wine and champagne for a corkage fee(开瓶费) .21. What can we learn about Business Expo Center?A. You can enjoy free parking.B. I's home to space for music shows.C. It's located in Los Angeles, California 92805D. You can experience high-speed Wi-Fi free of change.22. Which venue do you need to book in advance?A. Business Expo Center.B. Yamashiro Hollywood.C. Hard Rock Cafe Anchorage.D. Automobile Driving Museum.23. What do the four venues have in common?A. They are located in the same state.B. They are open to special events.C. They enjoy convenient transportation.D. They offer an exceptional experience and free services.BHas the volume in a restaurant ever made you finish your meal early? If so, you're not alone.Restaurants handle diners in various ways to influence food choices and consumption, from lighting to menu to server presentation. Unfortunately for those headache-prone restaurant goers, some places also choose to turn up the tunes and the background noise.Chef Mario Batali is often blamed for the phenomenon of very loud or noisy restaurants in the1990s, when he decided to flood the dining room with the same loud tunes he was playing in his kitchen. And other chefs followed suit. Some restaurateurs felt a "livelier" atmosphere encouraged more customers, but a side "benefit" was quicker table turnover, thus increasing the number of people who could dine in a specific evening.A 1985 study out of Fairfield University looked at how chewing speed varied according to the type of music being played. Although the volume level was kept the same for both musical situations, it's important to note that fast-tempo( 节奏)music often gives the impression of being louder than slower music."A significant increase in the number of bites per minute was found, and the effect was largest for fast music," the researchers wrote in the study. So, the faster, louder music gets people to down their food more quickly, relieving the table for future customers.There re opinions about whether or not this is a sound practice. "A restaurant that places profit above dining experience often plays loud music with a fast tempo that puts diners under pressure 10 eat more quickly, even if that means they're less able to enjoy their meal," writes Dr. Neel Burton in Psychology Today, adding that loud, fast music reduces appetite.What's more, some would-be repeat diners will shy away for fear of another very loud meal. The non-profit group Action on Hearing Loss found in a 2016 survey of nearly 1,500 people that 91% of those who view a restaurant as too noisy would choose not to return.24. Why did some bosses of the restaurants favour loud music?A. It might help attract more customers.B. It was the favorite kind of music of them.C. It made the restaurants softer and sweeter.D. It could increase the popularity of their restaurants.25. What plays the most important role in the effect of music on diners according to the passage?A. Its content.B. Its length.C. Its speed.D. Its quality.26. What is Dr. Neel Burton's attitude towards flooding restaurants with noisy music?A. Doubtful.B. Disapproving.C. Positive.D. Objective.27. What could be a suitable tile for the text?A. What People Think of Loud RestaurantsB. Are Customers Made to Eat Quickly?C. Why Loud Restaurants Are Popular TodayD. Does Loud Music Really Benefit Restaurants?CSpace Hotel Promises Guests A Truly Out-Of-This World Vacation Looking for a true out-o-his-wold vacation? Then you are in luck! On Thursday, Aprils, Texas-based start-up Orion Span announced they were taking reservations for Aurora ( 极光) Station, the world's first luxury hotel in space, which is expected to launch in 2021 and begin welcoming visitors by 2022.The pill-shaped space station. which begins construction in 2019, will measure 43.5 feet long and 14.1 feet wide--about the size of a large private jet's cabin-when completed. It will accommodate four guests in two private suites (套房) and two crew members, most likely former astronauts. Flying about 200 miles above Earth, Aurora Station will circle the planet once every 90 minutes, enabling guests to enjoy 16 spectacular sunrises and sunsets daily, as well as scores of the breathtaking northern and southern auroras that the hotel is named after.While admiring the beauty of our planet, tourists can eat non-astronaut food and drinks or entertain themselves with playing cards. Those hoping to do something more worthwhile will be able to engage in astronaut-like experiments such as growing food in a special environment. The Wi-Fi enabled spacecraft will make it easy for guests to share their experiences with friends and family members on Earth. At the end of the week and half-long vacation, returning guests will be treated to a special "her's welcome", similar to the one experienced by astronauts returning from a real mission.Before the once-in--a-lifetime trip, guests will have to undergo the three month-long special training learning how to move in a weightless environment, along with the basics of spaceflightand orbital mechanics. Also, before you start packing your bags, you will have to pay $9.5 million for the 12-day round-trip vacation.While several companies are planning to build hotels in space, Orion Span hopes to transform sections of used rockets floating in space into hotel rooms, instead of crowding the already messy skies with additional man-made objects.28. What can be learned about Aurora Station?A. People can visit it now.B. Its construction will last for about 5 years.C. It can only hold four people in this station.D. It looks like a pill with the size of a small plane.29. Why is the station named Aurora Station?A. Because the hotel is lit up by the auroras of the Earth.B. Because the station will give off auroras while travellingC. Because guests can enjoy fantastic auroras of the Earth.D. Because the station will run around the auroras of the Earth.30. What can guests do in a space hotel?A. Communicate with their family.B. Enjoy astronaut food and drinks.C. Cook meals like they are at home.D. Receive welcome as a real hero.31. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. There is little room for people to live on the earth.B. Too many space crafts have aroused people's concern.C. Space hotels will be necessary in the near future.D. Used rockets floating in space are easy to be recycled.DFor several decades, there has been an organized campaign intended to produce distrust in science, funded by those whose interests are threatened by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things, from the structure of the universe to the relativity of time and space.Stressing successes isn't wrong, but for many people it's not persuasive. An alternative answer to the question "Why trust science?" is that scientists use the so-called scientific method. But what is called the scientific method isn't what scientists actually do. Science is dynamic: new methods get invented; old ones get abandoned; and at any particular point, scientists can be found doing may different things. False theories sometimes lead to true result, so even if an experiment works, it doesn't prove that the theory it was designed to test is true.If there is no specific scientific method, then what is the basis for trust in science? Theanswer is the methods by which those claims are evaluated. A scientific claim is never accepted as true until it has gone through a long process of examination by fellow scientists. Scientists draft the initial version of a paper and then send it to colleagues for suggestions. Until this point, scientific feedback is typically fairly friendly. But the next step is different the revised paper is submitted to a scientific journal, where things get a whole lot tougher. Editors deliberately send scientific papers to people who are not friends or colleagues of the authors, and the job of the reviewer is to find errors ,or other faults. We call this process "peer review”because the reviewers are scientific peers- experts in the same field- -but they act in the role of a superior who has both the right and the responsibility to find fault. It is only after the reviewers and the editor are satisfied that any problems have been fixed that the paper will be printed in the journal and enters the body of "science."Some people argue that we should not trust science because scientists are "always changing their minds." While examples of truly settled science being overturned are far fewer than is sometimes claimed, they do exist. But the beauty of this scientific process is that science produces both creativity and stability. New observations, ideas, explanations and attempts to combine competing claims introduce creativity; transformative questioning leads to collective decisions and the stability of scientific knowledge. Scientists do change their minds in the face of new evidence, but this is a strength of science, not a weakness.32. Scientists stress the success of science in order to.A. promote basic knowledge of scienceB. remind people of scientific achievementsC. remove possible doubts about scienceD. show their attitude towards the campaign33. What can we learn about the so -called scientific method?A. It's an easy job to prove its existence.B. It usually agrees with scientists' ideas.C. It hardly gets mixed with false theories.D. It constantly changes and progresses.34. What can we learn about“peer”r eview?A. It seldom gives negative evaluation of a paper.B. It aims to perfect the paper to be published.C. It is usually conducted by unfriendly experts.D. It happens at the beginning of the evaluation process.35. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph imply?A. changes bring creativity and stability to scienceB. scientists are very strong in changing their mindsC. people lose faith in those changeable scientistsD. it is not uncommon for science to be overturned第二节(共5小题:每小题2分,共10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届河北衡水中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AEach year, theLas Vegasconsumer electronics show, or CES, presents the latest developments in many areas of technology. The newest products are designed to make our lives easier, fun and more productive.A car with legsOne of this year’s presentations was by South Korean carmaker Hyun-dai. The company introduced a small model of a “ walking car,” which is called Elevate. It has four movable legs that can raise the main part of the vehicle high off the ground. The electric-powered vehicle is designed to be used in search-and-rescue operations during emergencies or natural disasters.Changeable people moverGermany's Mercedes presented an experimental self-driving vehicle that it claims can revolutionize transportation for people and goods. The company says the vehicle, called Vision Urbanetic, will be able lo easily change bodies depending on its desired use. Mercedes says as a ride-sharing vehicle , the futuristic-looking car can seat 12 people.Fully electric HarleyAmerican manufacturer Harley-Davidson showed off its first fully electric motorcycle, called LiveWire. The company says the bike will be able to go 177 kilometers between charges. It can reach 96 kilometers per hour in under3.5 seconds. Although Harley is known for building powerful bikes with huge, loud motors, the LiveWire will be unusually quiet.Personal robotsOne of the new robots, called Temi, is really just a computer tablet on wheels. It is designed to be a personal electronic assistant. It moves around the home and performs commands when spoken to. It can link users to friends through voice or video, connect to video or place orders for food or goods.1. Which do you probably use to search for the injured in an earthquake?A. Elevate.B. Vision Urbanetic.C. LiveWire.D. Temi.2. What is the first fully electric motorcycle produced by Harley-Davidson?A. ElevateB. Hyun-daiC. LiveWire .D. Temi .3. Why are the four products designed?A. To ease traffic jam.B. To help us socialize.C. To improve our life.D. To protect the environment.BA teenager in Georgia will no longer have to walk 7 miles to work after school thanks to one woman’s act of kindness.Jayden Sutton, a high school senior, went on foot each day from school to his job at a restaurant and then back home. Sutton was determined to work and make enough money to eventually buy his own vehicle.Sutton said he’d leave school at 3:30 pm, then walk miles to his job at the restaurant. After his work, which usually lasted six to eight hours, he walked home, sometimes not arriving back until almost midnight.That all changed when Myers saw him walking down the road in the rain in December. “The young man was insistently in a rush walking to work, saying ‘I can’t be late,’” Myers said. “He begged me to give him a ride. I told him I could take him as far as I was going. I began to create small talk along the way. It wasrevealedto me that his name was Jayden, 12th grader, worked 40 hours a week, walked 5 miles to work immediately after school, got off at 10:30 pm at night and walked back home another 5 miles if co-workers didn’t offer a ride.”After dropping Sutton off, Myers said his heart and determination filled her with tears. “He was smiling in good spirits and that’s a child worth blessing,” she told Fox News. So, Myers shared Sutton’s story on the GoFundMe page, which raised more than $ 9, 000 from 186 donors.She surprised Sutton with a new car after she managed to convince the general manager to drop the price of the vehicle to meet the budget.4. Why did Sutton work so hard in his spare time?A. To gain working experience.B. To pay for his education.C. To own a car.D. To support his family.5. What difficulty did Sutton have in his work at the restaurant?A. He worked longer than other workers.B. His work was too tiring.C. His job was much less paid.D. He had to walk to work.6. What does the underlined word “revealed” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Known.B. Attached.C. Believed.D. Limited.7. What do we know about the money donated online?A. It could buy more than a new car.B. It was not enough to buy a new car.C. It was given to Myers to buy herself a new car.D It mainly came from a car sales manager.CThe COVID-19 vaccination(接种疫苗)rate in the US has fallen to newlows in recent weeks, threatening President Joe Biden’s goal of having 70 percent of American adults with at least one shot by July 4.With just less than one month from July 4, the current vaccination rate will put the US at somewhere between 67 percent and 68 percent of the adult population with at least one dose(剂量)by Independence Day. To reach 70 percent by July 4, around 1.6 percent of the population needs to get their first dose per week from now until July 4.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)reported last week that 63 percent of adults hadreceived their first dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. That was up slightly from 62 percent from the report a week before. The additional 1 percent of adults completing their first dose is the lowest since the CDC started tracking the vaccination rate in mid-February.On average, fewer than 1 million shots are given out per day, a decline of more than two-thirds from the peak of 3.4 million in April, The Washington Post reported. In South Carolina, about 71,000 residents got a shot in the week leading up to June 3, compared to a high of nearly 300,000 in one week in early April, according to data from the CDC.The slowdown is moreprominentacross the South and Midwest. Twelve states have seen vaccinations fall to 15 daily shots per 10,000 residents. Less than a quarter of black Americans had received their first COVID-19 shot as of June 7.James Hildreth, CEO of Meharry Medical College, told Politico, “We need to make a stronger effort to bring the vaccine to the communities, rather than relying on the communities to come to vaccination centers.”The sharp decline in vaccination began in mid-April when federal officials temporarily stopped the use of the Johnson&Johnson vaccine while they investigated rare blood-clotting(凝血)reactions.The “low-hanging fruit—thosepeople who ly want to get vaccinated without you telling them anything” have already been vaccinated, which has led to the slowdown, Dr Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said on a White House-organized call with community leaders last week, according to the Post.8. What can we learn from the text?A. Dr Anthony Fauci is in charge of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.B. In South Carolina, about 300,000 residents got a shot in the week leading up to June 3C. In mid-April federal officials temporarily suspended the Johnson&Johnson vaccine.D. Less than one fourth of Americans had received their first COVID-19 shot by June 7.9. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “prominent” in Para. 5?A. Meaningful.B. Obvious.C. Inspiring.D. Complex.10. How can America increase the COVID-19 vaccination rate according to James Hildreth?A. By giving the vaccine shot at the communities.B. By offering the vaccine to the public for free.C. By frequently informing the public of the vaccine.D. By urging the communities to come to vaccination centers.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. Biden wishes to have 70% of adults with one shot by July 4B. CDC has been trackingthe vaccination rate since mid-FebruaryC. Some Americans need to get vaccinated without telling them toD. Biden’s July 4th vaccine goal may be missedDGetting drunk on ice cream used to be the stuff of dreams, but thanks to Will Rogers, inventor and owner of WDS Dessert Stations in Hinkley, Illinois, it has become a delicious reality. The Below Zero icecream machine uses a unique technique to freeze alcohol, which allows you to turn beers, cocktails and even spirits (烈酒) into delicious soft —serve ice cream.Rogers was trying to create a highly — caffeinated espresso ice cream flavor when he realized hecould use the same technique with alcoholic beverages. He started experimenting with various gums and stabilizers commonly used in the ice cream industry and eventually patented something called the NEA gel. It’s this magical concoction (调制品) that allows the alcohol to freeze to a near solid inside the Below Zero ice cream machine.Even though Below Zero changes the texture (质地) of beer, cocktails and even spirits, essentially turning them into soft —serve ice cream, it does not affect the alcohol contentat all. The ABV (酒精度) remains exactly the same, which means you can get drunk on ice — cream just as you would on the same concoctions in liquid form.Will Rogers claims that it takes around 30 minutes for beer to go from liquid to ice cream form, but higheralcohol content drinks take longer. Essentially, the higher the alcohol level, the longer the wait.The American inventor plans to sell Below Zero ice cream machines to bars and breweries wanting to surprise their patrons. Metro reports that machines will sell for about 6,000.12. What’s the name of the machine which can change beer and spirits into ice cream?A. Will RogersB. WDS Dessert StationsC. HinkleyD. Below Zero13. What makes alcohol to freeze to a near solid inside the machine?A. gums.B. stabilizers.C. NEA gel.D. ABV.14. What can we know from the passage?A. The machine can change all liquids into ice cream.B. It takes 20 minutes for beer to change into ice cream.C. The higher the alcohol level, the shorter the wait will be.D. The machine changes the texture of beer, cocktails and even spirits.15. What can we infer from the passage?A. The machine affects the alcohol content.B. You can get drunk if you have ice—creams made from spirits.C. The American inventor doesn’t want to sell themagical machine.D. Bars and breweries will not become potential buyers of the machine.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
衡水中学2020高三年级下学期期中考试文科综合(地理部分)2020.05一、选择题:本题共35个小题,每小题4 分,共计140分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
德国某运动品牌制造企业年产运动鞋达4亿多双,其90%产能集中在亚洲。
该企业从2017年开始利用全自动和人工智能技术,分别在德国和美国建造年产50万双运动鞋的人工智能制鞋工厂。
2019年11月,该企业却宣布将关闭其人工智能制鞋工厂。
据此完成1-3题。
1.该企业产能集中在亚洲的最主要因素是A.劳动力丰富B.土地成本C.科技水平D.市场规模2.该企业以人工智能制鞋工厂的方式重返德国、美国的最主要原因是A.减少交通运输的成本B.提高研发水平,提升产品质量C.针对个性化市场需要D.提升生产效率,降低生产成本3.该企业将关闭人工智能制鞋工厂的原因是A.税收成本高B.劳动力价格较高C.生产规模小D.原料运输成本高2019年5月31日,北京首条“自行车高速”一上地至回龙观自行车专用路建成通车,该“高速”设置了潮汐车道(0-12时:回龙观-上地:12-24时:上地-回龙观)。
骑自行车走这条车道比乘坐地铁快了很多,上班族不用再担心上班迟到。
下图示意“自行车高速”线路。
据此完成4-5题。
4.北京建设“自行车高速”的首要目的是A.减轻公交压力,节约交通时间B.鼓励绿色出行,保护大气环境C.改善基础设施,带动沿线发展D.增加休闲空间,提高生活质量5.北京首先在上地与回龙观之间建设“自行车高速”,由此推测两地之间①功能差异大②环境差异大③地势起伏大④距离较近⑤地价差异大A.①⑤B.①④ C.③④D.②③婴儿潮是一定时期内人口出生率大幅度提升的现象,其形成受战争、政策、经济等多方面因素影响。
下图为2015年德国和我国的人口金宇塔图。
据此完成6-8题。
6.我国与德国相比A.1967年婴儿数量相当B.老年人口数量更多C.新生儿性别差异明显D.婴儿潮传递明显衰减7.1985~1995年,我国出现婴儿潮的主要原因是A.上一代婴儿潮进入生育高峰B.生活水平显著降低C.战争结束之后社会休养生息D.国家政策鼓励生育8.目前1985~1995年出现的婴儿潮对我国产生的影响主要是A.提供更多就业机会B.加大就业竞争压力C.加剧教育资源紧张D.增加社会养老负担钱塘江位于长江干流以南,含沙量小,仅为长江的35%,东侧的曹娥江水量较小,近5000年来,钱塘江河口(下图)在径流、潮流和洋流的共同作用下,岸线不断向海延伸。
2019~2020学年高三年级第五次调研考试理科综合试题考试时间:150分钟考试范围:综合可能用到的相对原子质量V51Y89一、选择题:本题包括13小题。
每小题6分,共78分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项符合题意。
1.小麦幼苗在缺少无机盐X的“完全培养液”中培养一段时间后,出现了叶片发黄的现象。
下列有关叙述错误的是A.对照实验应使用含无机盐X的完全培养液培养小麦幼苗B.据实验结果推测无机盐X可能是一种含镁元素的无机盐C.与正常幼苗相比该幼苗叶绿体内的NADPH的合成速率增加D.实验结束时,培养液中某些无机盐离子的浓度可能会增加2.真核细胞有边界,有分工合作的若干组分,有对细胞的遗传和代谢进行调控的信息中心。
下列有关真核细胞的叙述正确的是A.细胞生命系统的边界是细胞的最外层结构B.细胞的信息中心就是细胞代谢和遗传的中心C.植物细胞内的色素均存在于原生质层内D.高等动物体内的大多数细胞不会形成纺锤体3.如图表示孟德尔揭示两个遗传定律时所选用的豌豆植株体内相关基因控制的性状、显隐性及其在染色体上的分布。
下列叙述正确的是A.甲、乙、丙、丁都可以作为研究基因分离定律的材料B.图丁个体自交后代中高茎中纯合子占1/4C.图丙、丁所表示个体减数分裂时,可以揭示基因的自由组合定律的实质D.图丙个体自交,子代表现型比例为9:3:3:1,属于假说—演绎的实验验证阶段4.某种野生型水稻体内B基因突变成b基因,导致编码的多肽链第31位色氨酸替换为亮氨酸,表现为矮化的突变体水稻。
用赤霉素处理这种突变体的幼苗,株高恢复正常。
下列叙述正确的是A.B基因与b基因中的嘌呤和嘧啶的比值不同B.B基因突变成b基因,并不影响其基因组成的完整性C.B基因突变成b基因,自然选择就会发生作用D.突变体水稻经赤霉素处理后产生的变异是可以遗传的5.下丘脑在人体部分生命活动的调节过程中发挥着重要作用,如下图所示,其中①②③代表化学物质。
下列说法正确的是A.在血糖平衡调节过程中,胰岛B细胞接受的化学物质①是葡萄糖B.下丘脑通过突触小体释放②作用于垂体可调节甲状腺的分泌活动C.甲状腺分泌的激素会反馈作用于下丘脑和垂体,抑制②③的合成和分泌D.血糖浓度下降,胰岛A细胞分泌激素作用于骨骼肌细胞,促进其糖原分解6.下列关于种群和群落的叙述,正确的是A.群落的水平结构只是由于土壤、地形、风和火等环境条件引起的B.群落的演替总是朝着物种多样化、结构复杂化和功能完善化方向发展C.引入到塔斯马尼亚岛的绵羊种群,其环境容纳量是由该岛有效资源决定的D.在实验室内把果蝇饲养在瓶内并喂养酵母菌,其种群按J形曲线增长7.古籍中对“鍮石”有如下记载:“鍮石,自然铜之精也。
18.如图所示,固定斜面足够长,斜面与水平面的夹角α=37°,一质量为3m的L形工件沿斜面以速度v o=1m/s 匀速向下运动。
工件上表面光滑,下端为挡板,某时刻,一质量为m的小木块轻轻放在工件上的A点,当木板运动到工件下端是(与挡板碰前的瞬间),工件速度刚好减为零,后木块与挡板第一次相碰,以后每隔一段时间,木块就与挡板碰撞一次。
已知木块与挡板都是弹性碰撞且碰撞时间极短,木块始终在工件上运动,重力加速度取g=10m/s2,下列说法正确的是
A.下滑过程中,工件和木块系统沿斜面方向上动量不守恒
B.下滑过程中,工件的加速度大小为6m/s2
C.木块与挡板第1次碰撞后的瞬间,工件的速度大小为3m/s
D.木块与挡板第1次碰撞至第2次碰撞的时间间隔为0.75s
(2)解题思路
(ⅰ)等压变化,设B 活塞下降距离为x 对a 部分气体LS LS LS V ao 32=+=,S x L V a )(1+=(1分)有1
1T V T V a o ao =(1分)对b 部分气体LS V bo =,S x L V b )(1-=(1分)有1
1T V T V b o bo =(1分)解得o T T 211=
,L x 21=(1分)(ⅱ)a 部分气体的压强为S mg P P o a 22+=(1分)b 部分气体的压强为S mg P P o b +=(1分)b 部分气体被压缩过程中,外界对气体做的功为2L S P W b ⨯=(1分)气体内能的减少量为Q W U +-=∆-(1分)解得L mg S P Q U o )2
(+-=∆-(1分)。