大学英语段落翻译技巧(1)2013年7月，全国大学英语四六级考试委员会对大学英语四六级考试的试卷结构和测试题型做了局部调整，调整后的四六级翻译项目从原来的单句翻译变成了现在的段落翻译2013年12月，这一新的题型首次应用在四六级考试中。
评分方式也由原来的语法点给分变成现在的总体评分（Global Scoring），也就是阅卷员根据翻译的总体印象，即文章的总体表达给出分数档。
具体标准见下表：表一四六级评分标准-考委会版（用于总体评分）由于是第一次考查这样的题型，阅卷组也进行了细致的分析，深入的讨论和谨慎的评判。
因此，在确定分数档之后，阅卷员需要通过对考生翻译中的语法、用词以及拼写错误进行量化，然后扣分，最终决定考生的翻译分数。
而语法的量化考核也有一定的标准，具体见下表：表二四六级翻译评分标准-阅卷版（用于量化语法错误）这两步之后，一份翻译的整体分数就确定了。
总的来说，改革后的大学英语四六级翻译项目采取总体评分为主，量化考核为辅的评分方式：阅卷员首先通读整篇译文，根据"总体评分"的原则，确定其所属档位；其次详细阅读译文，寻找译文中的扣分点，在统计扣分点之后，根据"量化考核"的原则，确定译文最终的分数。
以下将以2013年12月四级考试翻译中的"中餐篇"为例，给出各个分数档的参考译文以及阅卷员评语。
翻译原文许多人喜欢中餐。
在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。
精心准备的中餐既可口又好看。
烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地的差别很大。
但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养（nutrition）。
由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，所以中餐既美味又健康。
14分参考译文Many people enjoy Chinese food. In China, cooking is not only viewed as a skill but also regarded as a form of art. A carefully-prepared Chinese dinner can be both tasty andgood looking. While cooking skills and ingredients differ largely from place to place in China, fine cooking always has something in common, that is the consideration of color, flavor, taste and nutrition. Since food is vital to the health, a fine cook is always trying to achieve a balance between cereals, meat and vegetables. Therefore, the Chinese food is both delicious and healthy. （红色字体为有错误部分）评语：1. 本译文用词贴切，行文流畅，注意到了句式的变化以及衔接词的使用。
属于13-15分分数档的高分翻译。
2. 出现了5处语法、用词的错误，所以最终确定为14分翻译。
11分参考译文Many people like Chinese food. In china, cooking is regarded not only as a kind of skill but also as a kind of art. Chinese food, which is prepared carefully, is both delicious and good looking. Cooking skills and ingredients differ greatly from place to place in China. However, good cooking shares one thing in common: color, taste, feel and nutrition are always under consideration. Since food is of vital importance to health, good cooks are always trying to be balanced with grain, meat, and vegetables. As a result, Chinese food is delicious and healthy. （红色字体为有错误部分）评语：1. 本译文表达了绝大部分原文的意思，文字通顺连贯，用到了复杂句式，显示出了较强的语言功底。
属于10-12分分数档的翻译。
2. 有一个严重错句，且出现了3出明显的语言错误，所以最终定为11分翻译。
8分参考译文Many people love Chinese food. In China, cooking is not only regarded a kind of skill, but also art. Well-prepared Chinese dishes taste good besides good look. There is a big different in cooking skills and ingredients between different parts of China. But one thing which is common in good dishes is that they all consider about the color, the tasting and the nutrition. As food is so important to health, good cookers always try to make a balance between corn, meat and vegetables. As a result, Chinese dishes are delicious and healthy. （划线句为正确句）评语：1. 译文基本表达原文意思，但用词欠缺，语言错误相当多，且其中很多属于重大语言错误，所以归为7-9分档。
2. 划线句为正确句，总共4句，参照表2可知，本译文最终分数为8分。
5分参考译文Many people like Chinese food. Cooking is not only a skill but also it is a kind of art. Itis delicious and beautiful that Chinese meals carefully prepared. It is differently in cooking and material beside in Chinese. But, good meals have a common point which color, teast and nutrition are though about. Then a good cooker is always trying their best to balance it from meat vegetables and so on. Therefore, Chinese meals are delicious and heathy. （划线句为正确句）评语：1. 译文仅表达一部分原文意思。
存在用词不准确，语言错误多等问题。
所以定位为4-6分档译文。
2. 参照表2，本译文中划线句为正确句，仅一句，所以最终定为5分译文。
2分参考译文Many people like China food. In China, not only a technolege make food, and also an artist. Good food is eated fine and seem''s fine. How make food and make the food need what is defferent in defferent place in China. But make good food just only think the food''s colour teste, feel make people and nutrition. Food is importand for health, so good people that make food is use more power for better on meat and vagitable, so Chinese food is taste good and more health.评语：本译文将原文内容基本表达，但是没有一个正确的句子，全部都存在严重语法错误。
结合表一中的总体评分标准以及表二的语言错误量化标准，本译文为2分译文。
0分未作答或者只有几个孤立的词，或与原文毫不相关的摘抄为0分。
在此处需要特别指出的是，学生通过关键词"中餐"，"好吃"等创作的作文，也不给分。
3. 汉译英翻译题样题及答案Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。
中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期（the Ming and Qing Dynasties）特别流行。
人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。
特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。
剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。
中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
Key: Paper cutting is one of China’s most popular traditional folk arts. Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years. It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings. During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and roomsin order to enhance the joyous atmosphere. The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolizes health and prosperity. Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and it is often given as a present to foreign friends.4.四级考试短文翻译技巧的新策略翻译题把原单句汉译英调整为段落汉译英。
