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idiom
a leap in the dark后果不可预料的行动; [喻]死 after dark黄昏后, 天黑后 be in the dark about完全不知道, 蒙在鼓里 be in the dark as to完全不知道, 蒙在鼓里 before dark黄昏前, 天黑前 in the dark在暗处,秘密, 暗中,完全不知道 keep dark躲起来,不说出来 keep sb. in the dark不让某人知道 leave sb. in the dark不让某人知道 keep sth. dark对某事保守机密 pitch dark非常黑 whistle in the dark黑暗中吹口哨, 给自己壮胆 dark of the moon一个月间看不见月亮的时候, 月黑时 dark of moon dark一个月间看不见月亮的时候, 月黑时
Grammar
过去完成时 概念：在过去某一特定的时间之前，动作已经结束 或完成；过去的两个动作进行比较时，发生在之前 的那个动作应该用过去完成时。 结构：S+ had 动词过去分词 （+by the end of 到……为止） 常与现在完成时连用的副词：already（已经）， ever（曾经），for+表示时间段的词，just（刚 刚），never（从未）。 I had seen 50 films by the end of last week. I bought a new car last year after I had sold my old one.
5、After they had entered the house, they went into the dining room. After they had entered the house是时间状语从 句，had entered是过去完成时结构。在以after引 导的时间状语从句中，用一般过去时或过去完成时 没有多少区别。假如强调从句的谓语动作在主句的 谓语动作之前完成，就用过去完成时。
11、George heard the noise and came downstairs quickly.
下楼，楼下 downstairs ←→ upstairs 上楼，楼上
12、He turned on the light, but he couldn't see anyone.
turn on 打开 ←→ 关上 turn off； 复合不定代词 anyone 任何人
go back to do sth. 回去继续做某事。 例如：go back to work go back to some place 回到某地。 例如：go back to one’s hometown
Grammar in use
一、过去完成时 二、过去完成时与现在完成时的比较 三、过去完成时与一般过去时的比较
drop voice 表示人说话时嗓子发出的声音 sound 表示世间万物的声音
the sound of music 音乐之声
noise表示杂音，不悦人的声音
8. parrot n. 鹦鹉
Language points
1、Do 2、 I
you like stories?
这里stories泛指故事这一类东西。
Key words＆expressions
story n. happen v. thief n. enter v. dark adj. torch n. voice n. parrot n. exercise book n.
故事 发生 贼 进入 黑暗的 手电筒 (说话的)声音 鹦鹉 练习本
9、Someone called.
【回顾Lesson 115】复合不定代词。
10、The thieves dropped the torch and ran away as quickly as they could.
drop 扔掉；run away 逃跑； as...as sb. can/could/possible 尽可能…地(第一个as是副 词，修饰quickly,第二个as是连词，引导比较状语从句。) 例句：Run as fast as you can（后省略run）! Please write to me as soon as possible.
13、The thieves had already gone.
过去完成时。 had gone = had left = had run away（上文）
14、But George's parrot, Henry, was still there.
名词所有格's；同位语；still 仍然。
15、"Nothing, Henry," George said and smiled. "Go back to sleep."
用法
主要用法有三个，即＂已完成用法＂，＂未完成用法＂ 和＂虚拟用法＂． 已完成用法表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之 前已经发生或完成．如： Tom flew home, but his father had died. 未完成用法表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之 前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且到那时还未 结束，仍有继续下去的可能性．如： By six o‟clock they had worked twelve hours. 虚拟用法表示主观愿望和过去事实相反的，非真实的假设 虚拟情况．如： You didn‟t let me drive. If we _____ in turn, you _____ so tired.(NMET‟96) A. drove; didn‟t get B. drove; wouldn‟t get C. were driving; wouldn‟t get D. had driven; wouldn‟t have got (Key: D)
6. torch n. ①手电筒 turn on/ off the torch ②火炬 light the torch
7. voice n. ①声音 in an angry voice ②意见 speak out my voice lose one’s voice 失音 raise one’s voice 嗓子变哑 提高嗓门
An Ugly Duckling
Aquamarine /,ækwəmə'ri:n/
2. happen
1） v. 发生 What happened? A strange thing happened to a friend of mine a year ago. 一年之前，一件希奇的事 发生在我的一位朋友身上。 2） v. 碰巧，恰好（to） I happened to meet her on my way home. 在回家的路上，我碰巧遇 见了她。 I happen to know that professor. 我正好熟悉那位教授。
Lesson 119
A true story
Free talk
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Tell us something about thief.
handcuffs 手铐 He was taken away in handcuffs. 他被铐走了。 A policeman put handcuffs on the thief. 一个警察给那小偷带上了手铐。
5. dark adj. ①黑暗的 too dark ②深色的 light dark blue ③阴暗的 dark future-- bright future n. 黄昏，黑夜 at dark in the dark
天黑时
在暗处
the D-Ages 欧洲中 世纪 keep it dark 保守秘密 a dark chapter in a book 书中难懂的一章 in one's dark days 在不得意时 a dark face 忧郁的脸 in a dark temper [humour] 十分不高兴 It is a dark secret. 这是十分秘密的事。
Key words＆expressions
1. story n. （两个清辅音连在一起时，第二个音要浊化） ①故事 a ghost story tell stories ②谎话 Don’t tell stories! story 一般性的故事，可以真实的也可以是虚构的，完 整的故事 make up a story 偏造一个故事 fable 寓言故事 legend 传奇故事 tale 神州故事，童话 to make a long story short
长话短说
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs /dw :f/
Little Red Riding Hood
Little Red Riding Hood went to visit her grandmother. 小红帽去探望她的外婆.
The Frog Prince
The Emperor's New Clothes
4、While my friend, George, was reading in bed, two thieves climbed into his kitchen. George, 同位语，补充说明my friend。 climb into 爬进。 5、After they had entered the house, they went into the dining room. =They had entered the house before they went into the dining room. 强调两个动作的前后顺序时，较早的动作要用过去完 成时。 及物动词 enter = 不及物动词 go into
6、It was very dark, so they turned on a torch. = They turned on a torch because it was very dark. 连词so，所以、因此，表示结果。 turn on,打开，拧开（电视、水源、煤气等）。其反 义词为turn off(关上)。
7、Suddenly, they heard a voice behind them. hear 强调结果。注意不规则变化hear-heard- heard。 voice 说话的声音 & sound 声响 & noise 噪音 & music 音乐
8、What's up? 【口语】
= What’s wrong? = What’s the matter? 【寒暄】What’s up, man? 询问对方最近过得如何。
3. thief n.贼 复数： thieves A World without Thieves
4. enter v. ①进入,穿入 enter the room 他们进入了房子后，就去了餐厅。 After they had entered the house, they went into the dining room. ②参加，加入 enter the Party （入党） Four students from our university entered the final contest. 我们大学的4名学生进入了竞赛的决赛。 ③输入 enter into the computer enter for 报名参加 Our team has entered for the competition. 我们队已报名参加比赛.
want to tell you a true story.
want to do sth. 想要做某事。 tell a story 讲故事。 true 真实可信的 &真正存在的 real T (True)or F(false)
3、It happened to a friend of mine a year ago. happen to sb./sth. 发生在某人身上/某物上（通常 是不好的事） What happened to your car? 双重所有格：a friend of mine = my friend； a friend of my father’s = my father’s friend a friend of mine相当于one of my friends,但前者 比后者显得更为亲切。
