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Yearly increments increase slowly until the onset of puberty.
Birth weight 3 kg
Mature baby’s weight gain at first month 1--1.5kg 3—12months weight=(month十9) /2 kg 1—6years weight= age × 2 十8 kg 7—12years weight= age× 7-5 / 2 kg
1. the enlargement of the organ and the system
2. morphological growth 3. can be measured by exact values
Development:
•A gradual change and expansion; advancement from a lower to a more advanced stage of complexity; increased capacity through growth, maturation, and learning
•Weight loss:
Physiological weight loss: 3 - 9% recover at 7-10th day
Loss of 3%~ 9% of birth weight in the first few days of life is considered normal and is common for most newborns.
Attention
•About formulae:
These formulae are used only for calculating dosage of drug and fluid in clinic. Because the growth is not at the same rate in different age, especially in infant; and the growth is affected by many factors, such as gene, environment and individual variation.
•Growth is a continuous and orderly PROCESS
height
Leabharlann BaiduM F
weight
M F
Age (y)
Not all tissue systems of the body grow at the same rate
Variability
Not everyone is alike in the way that they grow
Patterns of Weight Increment
1、The first growth spurt occurs in the first year of life (the increment is about 6kg).
2、Growth is not at the same rate in different age : The increment of weight during the first 3 months is equal to that of the following 9 months.
Percentile growth/ standard deviation to the norm
Racial and ethnic differences
Boys vs Girls
Factors Influencing Growth
•Heredity •Nutrition •Gender •Disease •Environment
Growth and Development
Yang Fan
Pediatric Department
Growth :
defined as an increase in size of body, biological growth of an organism takes place through cell multiplication, this morphological growth can be measured clinically.
–Hazards –Socioeconomic influences
Growth Curves
Boys: 2 to 18 years
Girls: 2 to 18 years
Boys reach most of their height at age of 17 whereas girls reach theirs at around 15
Indices of Growth
Body weight (kg) the weight of a person’s body. the weight of all tissues, organs and body fluids. one indicator of the nutritional status of child. the basis of drug dosage and amount of infusion.
•An increase in competence and adaptability •A QUALITATIVE change •Functioning at a higher level
Thus, since both processes are part of one whole, the combined terms growth and development form an unitary concept that indicates the quatitative and qualitative of maturational changes of an organism.
