牛津译林版八年级英语下册 重要知识点梳理

牛津初中英语8B unit1—unit8 知识点归纳8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1．past n．[考点点拨]past作名词，意为“过去”，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况：in the past（n．）在过去；half past(prep.)five 5点半；in the past(adj.)three years在过去的3年里。

如：When he walks past our desks, he always knocks ourbooks and pens off the desks.当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。

The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past.这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。

2．present n．[考点点拨]present作名词，意为“现在，目前”。

At present＝at the moment＝right now 目前；其还可作形容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示“礼物”，a birthday present -份生日礼物。

如：He is washing his clothes at present.现在他正在洗衣服。

3．northern adj。

[考点点拨] 方位词：north-northern; west-western; south-southern; east-eastern。

如：in the north of China ＝ in the northern part of China在中国北部East China华东；North China华北The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now become acultural centre.城北过去人口稀少，但现在成了文化中心。

初二英语期末复习重点一、重点词组1. 过去常常 used to do sth.There used to be…这儿曾经是…There used to be a tall building.didn’t use to do sth习惯于做某事be used to doing sth./ sthMy grandma isn’t used to_____ (live) in the city.My grandma isn’t used to the life in the city.用……做某事 use sth to do 被动be used to doThe washing machine is used to _wash_ (wash)our clothes. 用于…… use sth for sthWe use computers for information.The key is used to __open__ (open) the treasure box.2. marry sb get married to sb.我父母结婚15年了。

My parents have been married for 15 years.3. 在某种程度上 in some ways挡路in the way 用这种方式 in this way在……路上on the/one’s way home 顺便问一下by the wayOn my way to school On my way home( ) Practice makes perfect._______, you can improve your spoken English.A. On the wayB. By the wayC. In this wayD. In the way4. 不时，偶尔 from time to time = sometimessometime (某时（未来）); sometimes （有时候）;some time (一些时间); some times （一些次数）in time 及时 on time 准时5. 有点孤独 feel a bit lonelylonely （心里感受） alone （所处环境）The old man lives alone in a lonely village but he never feels lonely.a bit + adj a bit of （+不定冠词）+名词.a little + adj a little + 不可数名词not a bit=not at all,意为“毫不”;而not a little=very much,意为“非常”,“很”。

Unit1 Past and present1.share... with sb与某人分享/共用......2.by underground/bus/coach乘地铁/乘公共汽车/乘长途汽车by bike/on one’s(或the，a)bike = ride the/a/one’s bike to...骑自行车去...3. be kind to对.....友好4. take a bus坐汽车5. move house搬家6. wait for等候7. be born出生8. all one's life一生9. get married结婚10. since then从那时起11. turn...into....把...变成.....12. improve the situation改善情况13. in some ways在某种程度上，在某些方面by the way顺便说一下lose one’s way迷路in one’s way挡住某人的路on one’s way to在某人去......的路上14. as often as before像以前一样经常15. from time to time不时，有时，偶尔16. feel a bit lonely感到有点儿孤独17. because of +短语because +句子18. hear about听说19. in the past在过去20. most of... ....的大多数21. keep/keep in touch with sb与某人保持联系22. each other互相23. move into...搬进.....24. go abroad出国25. primary school小学26. communicate with sb.与某人交流27. take place发生28. have fun玩得高兴29. run through流经30. play cards打牌31. in the northern part of在...的北部32.on foot步行33. open space开阔的空地34. enjoy a (n)... life享受.....的生活35. on one's own = alone = by oneself单独36. put...into...把.....放进....37. move away搬走38. living conditions居住条件39. a railway station火车站40. in one's free time在某人的空闲时间41.on both sides在两边42. over the years在这几年间43. be used to do sth.被用来做某事used to do sth.过去常常做某事be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事44.plan to do sth计划做某事would like /want to do sth想做某事take action to do sth采取行动做某事45.一段时间+ ago ...以前46.much+比较级....得多47.make+宾语+形容词使某人/某物.....48.as+形容词/副词原级+as...和......一样....49.hope + that从句希望....hope to do sth.希望做某事hope sb can/will do sth希望某人做某事50.too many+可数名词复数太多.....too much +不可数名词太多......much to+形容词/副词太.....51.spend... on sth.在某方面花费.....spend..doing sth.做某事花费....52.It+be+形容词+to do sth.做某事是....的。

牛津译林英语八年级下册全册知识点汇总8B Unit11.I've just eaten it.我刷才把它吃了。

just作副词“刚刚，刚才”，通常与现在完成时连用。

Mr Wang has just left our classroom. 王老师刚刚离开我们的教室。

I've just heard the news. 我刚听到这个消息。

①just副词“正好，恰好”，常与名词、名词性短语或句子连用，起加强语气的作用。

This jacket is just my size. 这件夫克衫正合我的尺码。

②just now“刚才，刚刚”=a moment ago，常用于句末。

I met one of my friends in the street just now.我刚才在衡上遇到了我的一个朋友。

③just then“就在那时”。

Just then,someone knocked at the front door. 就在那时，有人在前门敲门。

2.You've changed,Eddie.埃迪，你变了。

①change不及物动词“变化”，过去分词changedThe city has changed a lot since 2000. 这个城市自从2000年以来变化很大。

In England，the weather changes very often. 在英格兰，天气时常变化。

②change及物动词“交换；改变；换乘”。

Can I change seats with you? 我可以和你换一下座位吗？At last,he changed his mind. 最后，他改变了主意。

I stopped in Moscow only to change planes. 我为了转机才在莫斯科停留的。

③change可数名词“改变，变化，转变”；不可数名词“零钱”。

Great changes have taken place in this city since 1984.自从1984年以来，这个城市已发生了很大的变化。

牛津译林版八年级下册英语各单元语法知识点复习提纲Unit1 Past and present一、同步知识梳理知识点1：past and present(P6)（1）pastn. 过去，以前；in the past 在过去adj. 过去的，以前的；in the past few years 在过去的几年里prep. 经过walk past the post office走过邮局【例句】In the past, there was no underground in Nanjing.Let’s not make the past mistakes.When I walk past the post office, I see a bird flying over the tree.（2）presentadj.现在的; 目前的; 出席的n.现在; 礼物; at present 现在；a present for you=a gift for you给你的礼物vt.介绍; 出现; 提出; 赠送;【例句】Everyone can be present ed a present at present.知识点2：You’ve changed, Eddie. You used to share food with me.(P6) 你变了。

你以前跟我分享食物的。

（1）change: vt./vi. 改变，变更; change into变成n.变化，改变; change(s) to ...的变化【例句】Great changes to Nanjing have taken place.（2）use n.用途; 使用能力; 运用头脑（或身体）的能力;vt.用，使用; 行使，【常用短语】①used to (do sth.) “过去常常(做某事)”批注：否定形式：didn’t use to / usedn’t to①get/be used to(doing sth. )“习惯于(做某事)【例句】He used to go fishing every Saturday. But since he changed his job, he’s barely(几乎不) had a chance. He thinks he’ll never be used to this busy lifestyle.【拓展】useful adj. 有用的；useless adj. 无用的知识点3：I first lived in the northern part of the town with my parents.(P8)【例句】Beijing is in the northern part of China.批注：注意in the north与in the northern part of 的同义句转换。

牛津译林版八年级英语下册单元重点词组，句型、语法汇总
- 第一单元：
- 重点词组：
- I've just eaten it. 我刚刚把它吃了。

- 重点句型：
- used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事/以前经常做某事/曾经做某事”，表示过去的习惯。

- 第二单元：
- 重点词组：
- over the years 多年来
- 重点句型：
- It is/has been+时间段+since+一般过去时。

- 第三单元：
- 重点词组：
- married/divorced/single 已婚的/离婚的/单身的
- 重点句型：
- 疑问词+动词不定式
- 第四单元：
- 重点词组：
- be full of 充满
- 重点句型：
- so that 以便，为了
- 第五单元：
- 重点词组：
- as a result 结果
- 重点句型：
- 现在完成时
- 第六单元：
- 重点词组：
- interview sb. about sth. 就某事采访某人- 重点句型：
- It is+形容词+to do sth.
- 第七单元：
- 重点词组：
- return to sp. 回到某地
- 重点句型：
- 现在完成时
- 第八单元：
- 重点词组：
- primary school 小学
- 重点句型：
- 祈使句。

8B 笔记整理（考点1 ~ 40）1. 现在完成时的信号词：2. 现在完成时的基本结构：肯定句：主语+ have / has + 过去分词否定句：主语+ have / has + not + 过去分词一般疑问句：Have / Has + 主语+ 过去分词3. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事；used to be 过去曾是…be used to doing sth. / get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事注意：观察used 前面有没有be 动词或者get / got4. Asia 亚洲Asian 亚洲的/ 亚洲人Europe 欧洲European 欧洲的/ 欧洲人Africa 非洲African 非洲的/ 欧洲人America 美洲American 美洲的/ 欧洲人* a European country 虽然元音字母开头，但是发音为辅音，所以用a* Americans and Europeans 美洲人和欧洲人； Asians and Africans 亚洲人和非洲人5. Canada 加拿大Canadian 加拿大的/ 加拿大人；Australia 澳大利亚Australian 澳大利亚的/ 澳大利亚人；Germany 德国German 德语/ 德国人的/ 德国人France 法国Fr e nc h 法语/ 法国人的/ 法国人注意：名词所有格Canadian s’ books 那些加拿大人的书the Canadian’s book 那个加拿大人的书6. ①mind doing sth.介意做某事Do you mind my opening the window? / Do you mind me opening the window?②Never mind. （口语交际）没关系，不介意③ A moment of fear went through my mind. 【名词】头脑，大脑7. 句型The best time to do sth.The best time to visit the UK is … / from … to …Sunshine Park is a wonderful place to fly kites.* 与time / place 相关的句型（表示最佳时间、最佳地点）使用to do 结构；* 短语have a good time doing sth. 使用doing 结构8. east 东方east ern东方的；west 西方west ern西方的；south 南方south ern南方的；north 北方north ern北方的；at the southern end of …在…的最南端；Western restaurants 西餐馆（表示西方文化、艺术的时候需要大写）9. can’t help / stop doing sth. 情不自禁做某事/ 忍不住做某事stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事；stop to do sth. 停下手中的事去做一件新事情10. to do 不定式表示目的（理解句意，在翻译句子的基础上理解目的的表达）We must try our best to stop the pollution to live (live) a happy life. 为了…11. be interested in doing sth. She is interested in reading novels. 对…感兴趣show an interest in doing sth. She shows an interest in reading novels.interested （感到）有兴趣的interesting 令人感兴趣的bored （感到）无聊的boring 令人感到无聊的excited （感到）兴奋的exciting 令人感到兴奋的relaxed （感到）放松的relaxing 令人放松的12. 序数词第…in the early / late twentieth century 在（第）二十世纪早/晚期区分：in the / one’s thirties 名词复数形式意思是30~39之间She is in his thirties.thirtieth 序数词意思是第三十celebrate her thirtieth birthday基数词变序数词14. hear / see sb. do sth. 听见/看见某人做事的全过程hear / see sb. doing sth. 听见/看见某人做事的一瞬间注意：经常听见或看见的是全过程I often hear the birds sing.比较级的基本结构：比较级+ than最高级的基本结构：the + 最高级16. 区分：形容词的比较级和形容词变副词* I find it easier than before to complete the task.* Susan can work out the problem easily. 轻松地解决难题副词修饰动词* 修饰比较级much / even / a little + 比较级+ than* 注意：further information / study / help …（程度）更进一步的；Further on …再往前区分：tasty = delicious 美味的；tasteful 有品味的；雅致的18. 反义词前缀un-, in-, im- 意思是not注意：读懂句意，准确判断词性，在理解句子意思的基础上补充词缀。

Unit1 Past and present1、I’ve lived here since I was born.since 可以作介词，连词意为“自从”和“既然”【用法1】与现在完成时或过去完成时连用，since可以接短语，如since 1994（自从1994年），since leaving school（自从离开学校），since也可以接句子，since I was born（自从我出生以来）【用法2】since表示“既然”，引导原因状语从句【例句】We’ve lived here since 1993.自从1993以来我们就住在这里了。

Since we are here, we should visit our teacher.既然我们在这，我们就应该去看看我们的老师。

【经典练习】She’s been off work _____ Tuesday. 星期二以来，她一直没上班【解析】since2、When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away.marry 作动词，意思是“娶、嫁”，married作形容词，意思是“已婚的”【用法1】marry sb. 娶某人，嫁给某人【用法2】be/get married to sb.和某人结婚【用法3】marry A to B 把A嫁给B【例句】He married the girl last year. 他去年娶了那个女孩。

He was married to the girl last year.Her father will marry her to the man tomorrow. 她父亲明天就要把她嫁给那位男性。

【经典练习】---When did you______ your husband?--- Two years ago.【解析】marry3、Now the government has turned part of the town center into a new park.turn 可以作动词，意为“转变”，作名词，意为“（依次轮到的）机会”【用法1】It’s one’s turn to do sth.该轮到某人做某事了【用法2】turn out 原来是，结果是；turn into变成；turn on 打开；turn off 关闭；turn up 出现；把声音调高；turn down 拒绝；把声音调低【例句】It’s your turn to do the cleaning.该轮到你打扫卫生了。

牛津译林版八年级英语下册全册重难知识点汇总大全牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit 1 Past and present重难点知识归纳总结【重点单词】1.past [pɑːst] n. 过去2.present ['preznt] n. 现在，目前3.just [dʒʌst] adv. 刚才4.since [sɪns] conj. 自……以来5.ever ['evə] adv. 曾经6.northern ['nɔːðən] adj. 北方的，北部的7.married ['mærɪd] adj. 已婚的，结婚的8.wife [waɪf] n. (pl. wives) 妻子9.block [blɒk] n. 街区10.since [sɪns] conj. 自……以来11.over ['əʊvə] prep. 在……期间12.pollution [pə'luːʃ(ə)n] n. 污染；污染物13.factory ['fæktəri] n. 工厂14.waste [weɪst] n. 废料；废品15.realize ['rɪəlaɪz] 意识到；实现16.improve [ɪm'pruːv] vt. & vi. 改进，改善17.situation [sɪtjʊ'eɪʃ(ə)n] n. 形势，情况18.however [haʊ'evə] adv. 然而19.impossible [ɪm'pɒsəbl] adj. 不可能的20.before [bɪ'fɔː] adv. 以前，过去，已经21.lonely ['ləʊnli] adj. 孤独的，寂寞的22.anyway ['enɪweɪ] adv. 尽管，即使这样23.husband ['hʌzbənd] n. 丈夫24.interview ['ɪntəvjuː] n. 采访；会见25.yet [jet] adv. 还，仍26.recently ['riːsntli] adv. 近来，最近27.past [pɑːst] n. 过去28.environment [ɪn'vaɪrənmənt] n. 环境29.transport [træns'pɔːt] n. 交通车辆，运输工具30.condition [kən'dɪʃ(ə)n] n. 环境，条件，状况31.return [rɪ'tɜːn] vi. 返回st [lɑːst] adv. 最近，上一次；最后33.abroad [ə'brɔːd] adv. 到（在）国外34.primary ['praɪməri] adj. 小学教育的；初级的municate [kə'mjuːnɪkeɪt] vi.& vt. 交流，交际munication [kəmjuːnɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n] n. 交流，交际37.exactly [ɪg'zæktli] adv.（答语）正是，没错38.narrow ['nærəʊ] adj. 狭窄的【重点短語】ed to （用于过去持续或经常发生的事）曾经2.turn ... into ... 把……变成……3.from time to time 不时，有时，偶尔4.in some ways 在某种程度上5.all one’s life 一生6.keep in touch 保持联系7.be/get used to 习惯于，适应于8.open space 开阔的空地9.in the north of town在镇子的北边10.get married 结婚11.move two blocks away 搬到两个街区外12.since then 自从那时13.change a lot 变化很大14.over the years 在这几年里15.put the waste into the river 把废料倒进河里16.realize the problem 意识到这个问题17.improve the situation 改善现状18.much cleaner 更干净了19.as often as before 和之前一样频繁20.feel a bit lonely 感觉有点孤独21.travel to and from the town 往返城镇22.go abroad出国23.narrow and dirty roads 狭小肮脏的街道24.enjoy a comfortable life 享受舒适的生活【重点句型】1.You’ve changed too. You used to be so kind to me.你也变了。

牛津译林版英语八年级下册全册知识点U11、used to do sth 过去常常做某事be/get used to doing sth习惯于做某事be used to do sth被用来做某事2、I've lived here since I was born.我自出生以来就一直住在这里。

现在完成时（延续）过去式3、get married意为“结婚”get/be married to sb.意为“与某人结婚”。

married形容词，意为“已婚的，结婚的”。

拓展：get married表示动作，be married表示状态。

当表示某人结婚多久时，用be marriedWhen did you get married？你什么时候结的婚？Two years ago.两年前。

How long have you been married？你结婚多久了？For two years.两年了。

4、①put out扑灭②put up举起，搭建③put in安装5、in some ways意为“在某种程度上，在某些方面”。

by the way顺便说一下lose one's way迷路in one's way挡住某人的路on one's way to在某人去……的路上6、on one's own意为“独自；独立”，通常在句中作状语，相当于by oneself或alone 1.现在完成时的用法（跟过去和现在都有关联）（1）表示过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成影响，也就是说该动作和现在有联系。

（2）表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在（包括“现在”）的动作或状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用，谓语动词多用延续性动词。

（3）表示到现在为止多次发生的动作。

2.现在完成时的标志词现在完成时的标志词有already，yet，ever，recently，just，before（用于句末），so far，for＋时间段，since＋过去的时间或一般过去时的句子。

Unit 8 A green world8.1 Comic strip & Welcome to the unit1.Will more trees be planted this year? 今年将要植更多树吗？will…be planted为一般将来时的被动语态。

一般将来时的被动语态由“be going to/will＋be＋过去分词”构成。

The books will be bought next week. 书将在下周买。

在this，that，last，next及every等构成的表示时间的短语前一般不加介词in/on。

I am going to play football this afternoon.我打算在今天下午踢足球。

You drank too much that evening. 那晚你喝得太多了。

that day前可以加on。

I didn't see him (on) that day.那天我没有看到他。

2. Trees are good for us．树对我们有益。

be good for意为“对……有益”；be good at意为“擅长”。

Taking exercise is good for health.运动对健康有益。

Are you good at English? 你擅长英语吗？be weak in 在某方面薄弱/不擅长do well in = be good at擅长do harm to = be harmful to多某某有害3. More and more families own cars and this causes serious air pollution 越来越多的家庭拥有轿车，这引起了严重的空气污染。

more and more families意为“越来越多的家庭”，more and more意为“越来越多”，既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。

Unit 1 Past and present 过去和现在【重点词汇】1.pass-passed-passed 过去past(1)[n.]过去①in the past在过去(2)[adj.]从前的；刚过去的①in the past few weeks近几周(3)介词[prep.]（表示时间）在...之后；经过①twenty past five 5点二十(4)[adv.]经过①walk past走过2.present现在,目前at present目前，现在(1)[n.]礼物，礼品(2)[v.]赠送；颁发，授予(3)[adj.]①出席，在场（作表语或后置定语）②现存的，现在的（做前置定语）3.just [adv.]刚才（常与现在完成时连用）(1)恰好，正好相当于exactly(2)仅仅是；只是相当于only(3)just then就在那时相当于at that moment(4)just与just now区别①just常与现在完成时连用，位于实义动词之前，助动词、情态动词或系动词之后②just now常与一般过去时连用，相当于a moment ago，通常位于句末4.change(1)[v.]改变，更换①change/turn...into... 把...变成...(2)[n.]变化，变革；零钱（不可数名词）5.since[conj.]&[prep.]自……以来6.ever[adv.]曾经7.northern北方的，北部的southern western eastern8.married已婚的，结婚的(1)get married结婚(2)be married已婚(3)be/get married to sb.与某人结婚9.wife妻子-wives[pl.](1)knife-knives(2)wolf-wolves(3)thief-thieves(4)half-halves(5)leaf-leaves10.away[adv.]离开，在（某距离）处(1)go away离开(2)right away立刻(3)take away带走(4)run away逃离(5)put away收起来(6)far away远离(7)keep...away from... 使...远离...11.block街区12.pollution污染;污染物(1)[v.]pollute(2)light pollution光污染(3)air pollution空气污染(4)water pollution水污染(5)noise pollution噪声污染13.problem[n.]问题，难题(1)question与ask/answer(2)problem难以解决问题solve/work out连用14.factory工厂15.waste(1)废料;废品（不可数名词）(2)[n.]浪费，可以和冠词a连用(3)[adj.]废弃的，无用的；荒芜的(4)[v.][新义]浪费，滥用①waste sth. on sth.浪费某物在某物/事上②waste sth. (in) doing sth.浪费某物做某事16.realize[v.]意识到；实现(1)realize实现，是及物动词，被实现(2)come true实现，成为现实，是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态17.situation形势，情况18.husband丈夫19.impossible[adj.]不可能的(1)impossibly[adv.](2)possible[adj.]-possibly[adv.](3)possibility[n.]可能性20.interview采访;会见[新义]n.对……进行面试;采访21.environment环境condition环境，条件，状况22.lonely和alone(1)lonely形容词孤独的，强调人的内心感受；偏僻的。

八年级英语下册牛津译林版知识点概述本文档旨在对八年级英语下册牛津译林版的知识点进行概述，方便学生们对该教材的研究和复。

Unit 1: School Life- Vocabulary: school subjects, activities, school facilities.- Grammar: present simple tense, adverbs of frequency, imperatives.Unit 2: Fun with Language- Vocabulary: idioms, expressions, proverbs.- Grammar: reported speech, indirect questions, present continuous tense.Unit 3: Travel Journal- Vocabulary: world countries, tourist attractions.Unit 4: Story Time- Vocabulary: story elements, character traits.- Grammar: past continuous tense, past simple vs. past continuous.Unit 5: Looking Good, Feeling Good- Vocabulary: clothing, personal appearance, health issues.- Grammar: be going to, be supposed to, present continuous for future.Unit 6: Future Jobs- Vocabulary: professions, job skills, job interviews.- Grammar: future simple tense, future time clauses.Unit 7: Finding Solutions- Vocabulary: environmental problems, solutions, recycling.- Grammar: modals of possibility, advice, and deduction, passive voice.Unit 8: All in a Day's Work- Vocabulary: jobs and responsibilities, workplace safety.- Grammar: present perfect tense, present perfect vs. past simple.以上是八年级英语下册牛津译林版的知识点概述。

牛津译林版八年级英语下册重要知识点梳理Unit 1: Past and Present1.I have lived in this place since I was born。

"Since" can be used as a XXX "from a specific time until now" or "because." When used with the present perfect or past perfect tense。

"since" can be followed by a phrase or a clause。

For example。

"since 1994" or "since leaving school." When used as a n。

"since" introduces a reason clause。

For example。

"Since we are here。

we should visit our XXX."2.In 1965.I got married。

and my wife and XXX。

"Marry" XXX wife." "Married" is an adjective meaning "having a spouse." "Marry" can be used in different ways。

such as "marry someone," "be/get married to someone," or "marry A to B." For example。

牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit 1 Past and present词汇、句型、语法知识点及训练知识精讲一、必背词汇past n. 过去adj.过去的present n. 现在，目前just adv. 刚才since conj. 自……以来prep.自……以来ever adv. 曾经northern adj. 北方，北部的married adj. 已婚的，结婚的wife n.(pl. wives) 妻子block n.街区over prep. 在……期间pollution n. 污染；污染物factory n. 工厂waste n. 废料；废品realize (= realise )vt.& vi.意识到；实现improve vt.&vi. 改进，改善situation n. 形势，情况impossible adj. 不可能的before adv.以前，过去lonely adj. 孤独的，寂寞的anyway adv. 尽管，即使这样husband n. 丈夫interview n. 采访；会见yet adv. 还，仍recently adv.近来，最近environment n. 环境transport n.交通车辆，运输工具condition n. 环境，条件，状况return vi. 返回last adv.最近，上一次；最后abroad adv. 到（在）国外primary adj. 小学教育的；初级的communicate vt. &vi. 交流，交际exactly adv.（答语）正是，没错narrow adj. 狭窄的二、重点词汇1. present noun /ˈprez.ənt/1). something that you are given, without asking for it, on a special occasion, especially to showfriendship, or to say thank you（尤指表示友谊或致谢的）礼物，赠品例句：They gave me theatre tickets as a present.他们送给我戏票作为礼物。

⽜津译林版英语⼋年级下册笔记整理（考点1-40）PDF 8B 笔记整理（考点1 ~ 40）1. 现在完成时的信号词：2. 现在完成时的基本结构：肯定句：主语+ have / has + 过去分词否定句：主语+ have / has + not + 过去分词⼀般疑问句：Have / Has + 主语+ 过去分词3. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事；used to be 过去曾是…be used to doing sth. / get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事注意：观察used 前⾯有没有be 动词或者get / got4. Asia 亚洲Asian 亚洲的/ 亚洲⼈Europe 欧洲European 欧洲的/ 欧洲⼈Africa ⾮洲African ⾮洲的/ 欧洲⼈America 美洲American 美洲的/ 欧洲⼈* a European country 虽然元⾳字母开头，但是发⾳为辅⾳，所以⽤a* Americans and Europeans 美洲⼈和欧洲⼈； Asians and Africans 亚洲⼈和⾮洲⼈5. Canada 加拿⼤Canadian 加拿⼤的/ 加拿⼤⼈；Australia 澳⼤利亚Australian 澳⼤利亚的/ 澳⼤利亚⼈；Germany 德国German 德语/ 德国⼈的/ 德国⼈France 法国Fr e nc h 法语/ 法国⼈的/ 法国⼈注意：名词所有格Canadian s’ books 那些加拿⼤⼈的书the Canadian’s book 那个加拿⼤⼈的书6. ①mind doing sth.介意做某事Do you mind my opening the window? / Do you mind me opening the window?②Never mind. （⼝语交际）没关系，不介意③ A moment of fear went through my mind. 【名词】头脑，⼤脑7. 句型The best time to do sth.The best time to visit the UK is … / from … to …Sunshine Park is a wonderful place to fly kites.* 与time / place 相关的句型（表⽰最佳时间、最佳地点）使⽤to do 结构；* 短语have a good time doing sth. 使⽤doing 结构8. east 东⽅east ern东⽅的；west 西⽅west ern西⽅的；south 南⽅south ern南⽅的；north 北⽅north ern北⽅的；at the southern end of …在…的最南端；Western restaurants 西餐馆（表⽰西⽅⽂化、艺术的时候需要⼤写）9. can’t help / stop doing sth. 情不⾃禁做某事/ 忍不住做某事stop doing sth. 停⽌正在做的事；stop to do sth. 停下⼿中的事去做⼀件新事情10. to do 不定式表⽰⽬的（理解句意，在翻译句⼦的基础上理解⽬的的表达）We must try our best to stop the pollution to live (live) a happy life. 为了…11. be interested in doing sth. She is interested in reading novels. 对…感兴趣show an interest in doing sth. She shows an interest in reading novels. interested （感到）有兴趣的interesting 令⼈感兴趣的bored （感到）⽆聊的boring 令⼈感到⽆聊的excited （感到）兴奋的exciting 令⼈感到兴奋的relaxed （感到）放松的relaxing 令⼈放松的12. 序数词第…in the early / late twentieth century 在（第）⼆⼗世纪早/晚期区分：in the / one’s thirties 名词复数形式意思是30~39之间She is in his thirties. thirtieth 序数词意思是第三⼗celebrate her thirtieth birthday基数词变序数词14. hear / see sb. do sth. 听见/看见某⼈做事的全过程hear / see sb. doing sth. 听见/看见某⼈做事的⼀瞬间注意：经常听见或看见的是全过程I often hear the birds sing.⽐较级的基本结构：⽐较级+ than最⾼级的基本结构：the + 最⾼级16. 区分：形容词的⽐较级和形容词变副词* I find it easier than before to complete the task.* Susan can work out the problem easily. 轻松地解决难题副词修饰动词* 修饰⽐较级much / even / a little + ⽐较级+ than* 注意：further information / study / help …（程度）更进⼀步的；Further on …再往前区分：tasty = delicious 美味的；tasteful 有品味的；雅致的18. 反义词前缀un-, in-, im- 意思是not注意：读懂句意，准确判断词性，在理解句⼦意思的基础上补充词缀。