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当句末为or not时,引导词只能用whetheΒιβλιοθήκη Baidu而不能用if whether……or not.
if 与whether 的区别
1. I don’t know _____ he will come or not.
与or not 连用只能用whether
2. I don’t care of ______ he is handsome.
3. The teacher told us (that) _t_h_e__e_a_rt_h__m_o_v_e_s__a_ro_u_n__d_t_h_e_s_u_n. (地球围着太阳转)
注意:当从句是客观真理的时候,无论主句什么时态,从 句一律用一般现在时
由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句
5.我不知道,“汤姆多大了?” 6.你能告诉我,“他们在哪儿 ?”
1.汤姆说,“我要去北京。” 2.汤姆知道,“这个电影很有趣。”
3.你知道,“大明喜欢英语吗?” 4.没人知道,“他按时到哪儿吗?”
5.我不知道,“汤姆多大了?” 6.你能告诉我,“他们在哪儿 ?”
宾语从句的概念
宾语从句即句子作宾语,而不再是一 个词或短语作宾语。 I like my teacher.(名词作宾语) I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾 语) I decide to study hard.(不定式作宾语) I know him .(代词作宾语) I know Mr Li teaches English. (句子作宾 语) She asked if the answer was right. (句子 作宾语)
二、宾语从句三要素
连接词 语序
时态
肯定句/否定句
that
都有引导词 一般疑问句 if/whether
变 宾
特殊疑问句 特殊疑
语
问词
从 句 须
语序正常
陈述句 语序
注
意
时态对应 注意:当主句是过
去时时
exercises
She says
“Tom is 13”.
She says that Tom is 13.
(二)语序:陈述句语序
即:陈述句结构(主+谓+其他成分) 将下列句子换成陈述句语序
1.Is there a bank near here? 2.Is it on Fifth Avenue? 3.Are they doing homework? 4.Does Tony like PE? 5.Will they have a picnic tomorrow? 6.Did they go to Beijing yesterday.
1. He asked __w_h_o__c_o_u_ld__a_n_s_w_e_r_t_h_e__q_u_e_st_i_o.n(谁能回答这个问题) 2. Do you know__w_h_o_m__t_h_e_y__a_re__w_a_i_t_in_g__fo_r__. (他们在等谁) 3. He asked __w_h_os_e_h_a_n_d_w_ri_ti_n_g_w_a_s_th_e_b_e_s_t i_n_t_h_e _cl_a_ss____.
(She said that Tom was 13.)
She asks
“ Is Tom 13?”
She asks if Tom is 13.
She asked if Tom was 13.
She asks
“ How old is Tom?”
She asks how old Tom is.
介词后只能用whether
3. He wondered ______ to stay here the next week.
与to do 不定式连用只能用whether
4. ____ he will come is not decided.
作主语只能用whether
由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接 副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句
语法专项复习
------宾语从句
宾语从句在教材中的地位和作用
宾语从句是中学英语复合 句学习的起点,掌握好宾 语从句的概念和应用为以 后学习状语从句和定语从 句以至于高中的名词性从 句打好基础。
1.汤姆说,“我要去北京。” 2.汤姆知道,“这个电影很有趣。”
3.你知道,“大明喜欢英语吗?” 4.没人知道,“他按时到哪儿吗?”
e.g. 1. I want to know _if_(_w__h_e_th_e_r_)_h_e__w_i_ll_g_o__t_o_t_h_e_p_a_r_k__w_i_th__u. s
(他是否跟我们一起去公园)
2. Ask him _w_h_e_t_h_e_r_(_i_f)_h__e_c_a_n_c_o_m__e. (他是否能来) 3. I don’t know _w__h_e_t_h_e_r_it__is_g_o_i_n_g__to__r_a_in__o_r_n_o.(t 是否要下雨)
She asked how old Tom was.
注:that 在句中无词汇意义,在从句中不能充当成分,
在口语当中往往省略
e.g. 1. I hear (that) ___h_e_w__il_l _b_e_b_a_c_k__in__a_n__h_o_u.r(一小时后他会回来) 2. He said (that) __h_e_m__i_ss_e_d__u_s_v_e_r_y_m__u_c_h_. (他非常想念我们)
(谁的书法是班上最好的)
6. Please tell me _w__h_e_n_w__e_’l_l_h_a_v_e__a_m__e_e_ti_n_g. (我们什么时候开会) 7. Can you tell me __w_h__er_e__h_e_i_s____. (他在哪儿) 8. Could you tell me __h_o_w__I_c_a_n__g_e_t _to__t_h_e_s_t_a_ti.o(n 我该怎么去车站) 9. Would you tell me _w__h_y__th_e__tr_a_i_n_i_s_l_a_te(为什么火车迟到了)