2018年上海黄浦区高三一模试题附答案

2018年上海市黄浦区高考数学一模试卷一、填空题（本大题共有12题，满分36分.其中第1～6题每题满分36分，第7～12题每题满分36分）1．（3分）已知全集U=R，集合，则（∁U B）∩A=．2．（3分）函数的定义域是．3．（3分）若复数z满足（i为虚数单位），则z=．4．（3分）已知sin（α+）=，α∈（﹣，0），则tanα=．5．（3分）若无穷等比数列中任意一项均等于其之后所有项的和，则其公比为．6．（3分）若函数y=a+sinx在区间[π，2π]上有且只有一个零点，则a=．7．（3分）已知向量=（x，y）（x，y∈R），=（1，2），若x2+y2=1，则|﹣|的最小值为．8．（3分）已知函数y=f（x）是奇函数，且当x≥0时，f（x）=log2（x+1）．若函数y=g（x）是y=f（x）的反函数，则g（﹣3）=．9．（3分）已知m，n，α，β∈R，m＜n，α＜β，若α，β是函数f（x）=2（x﹣m）（x﹣n）﹣7的零点，则m，n，α，β四个数按从小到大的顺序是（用符号“＜“连接起来）．10．（3分）已知点O，A，B，F分别为椭圆的中心、左顶点、上顶点、右焦点，过点F作OB的平行线，它与椭圆C在第一象限部分交于点P，若，则实数λ的值为．11．（3分）已知x∈R，定义：A（x）表示不小于x的最小整数．如，A（﹣1.1）=﹣1．若A（2x•A（x））=5，则正实数x的取值范围是．12．（3分）已知点M（m，0），m＞0和抛物线C：y2=4x．过C的焦点F的直线与C交于A，B两点，若=2，且||=||，则m=．二、选择题（本大题共有4题，满分12分．）13．（3分）若x∈R，则“x＞1”是“”的（）A．充分非必要条件 B．必要非充分条件C．充要条件D．既非充分也非必要条件14．（3分）已知向量，则下列能使成立的一组向量是（）C．D．15．（3分）一个算法的程序框图如图所示，则该程序运行后输出的值是（）A．4 B．5 C．6 D．716．（3分）已知a1，a2，a3，a4是各项均为正数的等差数列，其公差d大于零，若线段l1，l2，l3，l4的长分别为a1，a2，a3，a4，则（）A．对任意的d，均存在以l1，l2，l3为三边的三角形B．对任意的d，均不存在以为l1，l2，l3三边的三角形C．对任意的d，均存在以l2，l3，l4为三边的三角形D．对任意的d，均不存在以l2，l3，l4为三边的三角形三、解答题（本大题共有5题，满分74分．）17．（12分）在长方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中，AB=AA1=4，BC=3，E，F分别是所在棱AB，BC的中点，点P 是棱A1B1上的动点，联结EF，AC1．如图所示．（1）求异面直线EF，AC1所成角的大小（用反三角函数值表示）；（2）求以E，F，A，P为顶点的三棱锥的体积．18．（12分）如图，已知点A是单位圆上一点，且位于第一象限，以x轴的正半轴为始边，OA为终边的角设为α，将OA绕坐标原点逆时针旋转至OB．（1）用α表示A，B两点的坐标；（2）M为x轴上异于O的点，若MA⊥MB，求点M横坐标的取值范围．19．（14分）已知函数g（x）=，x∈R，函数y=f（x）是函数y=g（x）的反函数．（1）求函数y=f（x）的解析式，并写出定义域D；（2）设h（x）=，若函数y=h（x）在区间（0，1）内的图象是不间断的光滑曲线，求证：函数y=h（x）在区间（﹣1，0）内必有唯一的零点（假设为t），且﹣1．20．（18分）（理科）定义：若各项为正实数的数列{a n}满足，则称数列{a n}为“算术平方根递推数列”．，x n）在二次函数f（x）=2x2+2x的图象上．已知数列{x n}满足，且，点（x n+1（1）试判断数列{2x n+1}（n∈N*）是否为算术平方根递推数列？若是，请说明你的理由；（2）记y n=lg（2x n+1）（n∈N*），求证：数列{y n}是等比数列，并求出通项公式y n；（3）从数列{y}中依据某种顺序自左至右取出其中的项，把这些项重新组成一个新数列{z n}：．若数列{z n}是首项为、公比为的无穷等比数列，且数列{z n}各项的和为，求正整数k、m的值．21．（18分）已知椭圆Γ：+=1（a＞b＞0），过原点的两条直线l1和l2分别与Γ交于点A、B和C、D，得到平行四边形ACBD．（1）当ACBD为正方形时，求该正方形的面积S；（2）若直线l1和l2关于y轴对称，Γ上任意一点P到l1和l2的距离分别为d1和d2，当d12+d22为定值时，求此时直线l1和l2的斜率及该定值．（3）当ACBD为菱形，且圆x2+y2=1内切于菱形ACBD时，求a，b满足的关系式．2018年上海市黄浦区高考数学一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、填空题（本大题共有12题，满分36分.其中第1～6题每题满分36分，第7～12题每题满分36分）1．（3分）已知全集U=R，集合，则（∁U B）∩A={x|﹣1＜x≤} ．【解答】解：A={x|﹣1＜x＜1}，∁U B={x|x≤}，则（∁U B）∩A={x|﹣1＜x≤}，故答案为：{x|﹣1＜x≤}，2．（3分）函数的定义域是（1，+∞）．【解答】解：要使函数有意义，需满足解得x＞1故答案为：（1，+∞）3．（3分）若复数z满足（i为虚数单位），则z=1+2i．【解答】解：由，得z=1+2i．故答案为：1+2i．4．（3分）已知sin（α+）=，α∈（﹣，0），则tanα=﹣2．【解答】解：∵sin（α+）=cosα，sin（α+）=，∴cosα=，又α∈（﹣，0），∴sinα=﹣，∴tanα==﹣2．故答案为：﹣2．5．（3分）若无穷等比数列中任意一项均等于其之后所有项的和，则其公比为．【解答】解：设数列中的任意一项为a，由无穷等比数列中的每一项都等于它后面所有各项的和，得a=，即1﹣q=q∴q=．故答案为：．6．（3分）若函数y=a+sinx在区间[π，2π]上有且只有一个零点，则a=1．【解答】解：作函数y=sinx在区间[π，2π]上的图象如下，，结合图象可知，若函数y=a+sinx在区间[π，2π]上有且只有一个零点，则a﹣1=0，故a=1；故答案为：1．7．（3分）已知向量=（x，y）（x，y∈R），=（1，2），若x2+y2=1，则|﹣|的最小值为﹣1．【解答】解：设O（0，0），P（1，2），∴|﹣|=≥||﹣1=﹣1=﹣1，∴|﹣|的最小值为﹣18．（3分）已知函数y=f（x）是奇函数，且当x≥0时，f（x）=log2（x+1）．若函数y=g（x）是y=f（x）的反函数，则g（﹣3）=﹣7．【解答】解：∵反函数与原函数具有相同的奇偶性．∴g（﹣3）=﹣g（3），∵反函数的定义域是原函数的值域，∴log2（x+1）=3，解得：x=7，即g（3）=7，故得g（﹣3）=﹣7．故答案为：﹣7．9．（3分）已知m，n，α，β∈R，m＜n，α＜β，若α，β是函数f（x）=2（x﹣m）（x﹣n）﹣7的零点，则m，n，α，β四个数按从小到大的顺序是α＜m＜n＜β（用符号“＜“连接起来）．【解答】解：∵α、β是函数f（x）=2（x﹣m）（x﹣n）﹣7的零点，∴α、β是函数y=2（x﹣m）（x﹣n）与函数y=7的交点的横坐标，且m、n是函数y=2（x﹣m）（x﹣n）与x轴的交点的横坐标，故由二次函数的图象可知，α＜m＜n＜β；故答案为：α＜m＜n＜β．10．（3分）已知点O，A，B，F分别为椭圆的中心、左顶点、上顶点、右焦点，过点F作OB的平行线，它与椭圆C在第一象限部分交于点P，若，则实数λ的值为．【解答】解：如图，A（﹣a，0），B（0，b），F（c，0），则P（c，），∴，，由，得，即b=c，∴a2=b2+c2=2b2，．则．故答案为：．11．（3分）已知x∈R，定义：A（x）表示不小于x的最小整数．如，A（﹣1.1）=﹣1．若A（2x•A（x））=5，则正实数x的取值范围是（1，] ．【解答】解：当A（x）=1时，0＜x≤1，可得4＜2x≤5，得2＜x≤，矛盾，故A（x）≠1，当A（x）=2时，1＜x≤2，可得4＜4x≤5，得1＜x≤，符合题意，故A（x）=2，当A（x）=3时，2＜x≤3，可得4＜6x≤5，得＜x≤，矛盾，故A（x）≠3，由此可知，当A（x）≥4时也不合题意，故A（x）=2∴正实数x的取值范围是（1，]故答案为：（1，]12．（3分）已知点M（m，0），m＞0和抛物线C：y2=4x．过C的焦点F的直线与C交于A，B两点，若=2，且||=||，则m=．【解答】解：由题意可知：F（1，0），由抛物线定义可知A（x1，y1），可知B（x2，y2），∵=2，可得：2（x2﹣1，y2）=（1﹣x1，﹣y1），可得y2=﹣，x2=，，解得x1=2，y1=±2．||=||，可得|m﹣1|=，解得m=．故答案为：．二、选择题（本大题共有4题，满分12分．）13．（3分）若x∈R，则“x＞1”是“”的（）A．充分非必要条件 B．必要非充分条件C．充要条件D．既非充分也非必要条件【解答】解：由x＞1，一定能得到得到＜1，但当＜1时，不能推出x＞1 （如x=﹣1时），故x＞1是＜1 的充分不必要条件，故选：A．14．（3分）已知向量，则下列能使成立的一组向量是（）A．B．C．D．【解答】解：作为基底不共线即可，共线，共线，不共线，共线，故选C．15．（3分）一个算法的程序框图如图所示，则该程序运行后输出的值是（）A．4 B．5 C．6 D．7【解答】解：模拟执行程序框图，可得k=0，S=0满足条件S＜1000，S=1，k=1满足条件S＜1000，S=1+2=3，k=2满足条件S＜1000，S=1+2+23=11，k=3满足条件S＜1000，S=1+2+23+211，k=4不满足条件S＜1000，退出循环，输出k的值为4．故选：A．16．（3分）已知a1，a2，a3，a4是各项均为正数的等差数列，其公差d大于零，若线段l1，l2，l3，l4的长分别为a1，a2，a3，a4，则（）A．对任意的d，均存在以l1，l2，l3为三边的三角形B．对任意的d，均不存在以为l1，l2，l3三边的三角形C．对任意的d，均存在以l2，l3，l4为三边的三角形D．对任意的d，均不存在以l2，l3，l4为三边的三角形【解答】解：A：对任意的d，假设均存在以l1，l2，l3为三边的三角形，∵a1，a2，a3，a4是各项均为正数的等差数列，其公差d大于零，∴a2+a3＞a1，a3+a1=2a2＞a2，而a1+a2﹣a3=a1﹣d不一定大于0，因此不一定存在以为l1，l2，l3三边的三角形，故不正确；B：由A可知：当a1﹣d＞0时，存在以为l1，l2，l3三边的三角形，因此不正确；C：对任意的d，由于a3+a4，＞a2，a2+a4=2a1+4d=a1+2d+a3＞0，a2+a3﹣a4=a1＞0，因此均存在以l2，l3，l4为三边的三角形，正确；D．由C可知不正确．故选：C．三、解答题（本大题共有5题，满分74分．）17．（12分）在长方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中，AB=AA1=4，BC=3，E，F分别是所在棱AB，BC的中点，点P 是棱A1B1上的动点，联结EF，AC1．如图所示．（1）求异面直线EF，AC1所成角的大小（用反三角函数值表示）；（2）求以E，F，A，P为顶点的三棱锥的体积．【解答】（本题满分12分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分（6分），第2小题满分（6分）．解：（1）联结AC，在长方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中，有AC∥EF．又∠CAC1是直角三角形ACC1的一个锐角，∴∠CAC1就是异面直线EF，AC1所成的角．由AB=AA1=4，BC=3，得AC==5．∴tan∠CAC1==，即异面直线EF，AC1所成角为arctan．（2）由题意可知，点P到底面ABCD的距离与棱AA1的长相等．∵，∴=．18．（12分）如图，已知点A是单位圆上一点，且位于第一象限，以x轴的正半轴为始边，OA为终边的角设为α，将OA绕坐标原点逆时针旋转至OB．（1）用α表示A，B两点的坐标；（2）M为x轴上异于O的点，若MA⊥MB，求点M横坐标的取值范围．【解答】解：（1）点A是单位圆上一点，且位于第一象限，以x轴的正半轴为始边，OA为终边的角设为α，α∈（0，）可得A（cosα，sinα），将OA绕坐标原点逆时针旋转至OB．可得B（cos（），sin（）），即B（﹣sinα，cosα）．（2）设M（x，0），x≠0，=（cosα﹣x，sinα），=（﹣sinα﹣x，cosα）．MA⊥MB，可得（cosα﹣x）（﹣sinα﹣x）+sinαcosα=0．xsinα﹣xcosα+x2=0，可得﹣x=sinα﹣cosα=sin（）∈（﹣1，1）．综上x∈（﹣1，0）∪（0，1）．点M横坐标的取值范围：（﹣1，0）∪（0，1）．19．（14分）已知函数g（x）=，x∈R，函数y=f（x）是函数y=g（x）的反函数．（1）求函数y=f（x）的解析式，并写出定义域D；（2）设h（x）=，若函数y=h（x）在区间（0，1）内的图象是不间断的光滑曲线，求证：函数y=h（x）在区间（﹣1，0）内必有唯一的零点（假设为t），且﹣1．【解答】（本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分（7分），第2小题满分（7分）．解：（1）∵函数g（x）==1﹣，∴g（x）∈（﹣1，1）．令y=g（x）=1﹣，则=1﹣y，即，即x=，∴f（x）=，x∈（﹣1，1）．证明：（2）由（1）可知，h（x）==﹣，x∈（﹣1，0）∪（0，1）．∵h（﹣x）+h（x）=﹣﹣+﹣=0，所以，函数h（x）是奇函数．当x∈（0，1）时，单调递减，=﹣1+单调递减，于是单调递减．因此，函数h（x）单调递减．依据奇函数的性质，可知，函数h（x）在（﹣1，0）上单调递减．又∵h（﹣）=﹣2+lg3＜0，h（﹣）=﹣+lg199＞0，所以，函数h（x）在区间（﹣1，0）上有且仅有唯一零点t，且﹣1．20．（18分）（理科）定义：若各项为正实数的数列{a n}满足，则称数列{a n}为“算术平方根递推数列”．已知数列{x n}满足，且，点（x n，x n）在二次函数f（x）=2x2+2x的图象上．+1（1）试判断数列{2x n+1}（n∈N*）是否为算术平方根递推数列？若是，请说明你的理由；（2）记y n=lg（2x n+1）（n∈N*），求证：数列{y n}是等比数列，并求出通项公式y n；}中依据某种顺序自左至右取出其中的项，把这些项重新组成一个（3）从数列{y新数列{z n}：．若数列{z n}是首项为、公比为的无穷等比数列，且数列{z n}各项的和为，求正整数k、m的值．【解答】解：（1）数列{2x n+1}（n∈N*）是否为算术平方根递推数列，证明如下：∵点（x n，x n）在二次函数f（x）=2x2+2x的图象上，+1∴x n=2x n+12+2x n+1，+1）2，∴2x n+1=（2x n+1∵x n＞0，n∈N*，+1=，∴2x n+1∴数列{2x n+1}（n∈N*）是否为算术平方根递推数列；（2）∵y n=lg（2x n+1），2x n+1+1=，=y n，∴y n+1∵y1=lg（2x1+1）=1，∴数列{y n}是首项为1，公比为等比数列，∴通项公式y n=（）n﹣1（3）由题意可得数列{z n}的首项为，公比为，∴=，∴+=16，若m﹣1≥3，则+≤+＜+＜16，矛盾，∴m﹣1≤2，∵m﹣1=0或1时，+＞16，∴m﹣1=2，∴m=3，∴k=6．21．（18分）已知椭圆Γ：+=1（a＞b＞0），过原点的两条直线l1和l2分别与Γ交于点A、B和C、D，得到平行四边形ACBD．（1）当ACBD为正方形时，求该正方形的面积S；（2）若直线l1和l2关于y轴对称，Γ上任意一点P到l1和l2的距离分别为d1和d2，当d12+d22为定值时，求此时直线l1和l2的斜率及该定值．（3）当ACBD为菱形，且圆x2+y2=1内切于菱形ACBD时，求a，b满足的关系式．【解答】解：（1）∵ACBD为正方形，∴直线l1和l2的方程为y=x和y=﹣x，设点A、B的坐标为（x1，y1）、（x2，y2），解方程组，得==，由对称性可知，S=4=；（2）由题意，不妨设直线l1的方程为y=kx，则直线l2的方程为y=﹣kx，设P（x0，y0），则+=1，又∵d1=，d2=，∴+=+=，将=b2（1﹣）代入上式，得+=，∵d12+d22为定值，∴k2﹣=0，即k=±，于是直线l1和l2的斜率分别为和﹣，此时+=；（3）设AC与圆x2+y2=1相切的切点坐标为（x0，y0），则切线AC的方程为：x0x+y0y=1，点A、C的坐标为（x1，y1）、（x2，y2）为方程组的实数解．①当x0=0或y0=0时，ACBD均为正方形，椭圆均过点（1，1），于是有+=1；②当x0≠0或y0≠0时，将y=（1﹣x0x）代入+=1，整理得：（a2+b2）x2﹣2a2x0x﹣a2（1+b2）=0，由韦达定理可知x1x2=，同理可知y1y2=，∵ACBD为菱形，∴AO⊥CO，即x1x2+y1y2=0，∴+=0，整理得：a2+b2=a2b2（+），又∵+=1，∴a2+b2=a2b2，即+=1；水秀中华综上所述，a，b满足的关系式为+=1．。

黄浦区2018学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷参考答案I. Listening Comprehension1-5 CDCBA 6-10 DCCAC11-13 CDC 14-16 BDA 17-20 DCCBII. Grammar and VocabularySection A21. the 22. dying 23.confessed 24. Although/Though 25. those26. from 27. earlier 28. had used 29. where 30. thatSection B31. G 32. J 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. E 38. I 39. H 40. FIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A41. B 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D51. A 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. DSection B56-59 CDBB 60-62 ADD 63-66 CBADSection C67-70 FDAEIV. Summary Writing71.The tourism industry is developing fast/prosperously with different forms, among which sport tourism grows fastest. Sport tourism is defined as travel related to sport/physical activities and consists of/includes three main categories. The first is watching sporting events/games. The second includes visiting famous sports-related attractions/places and meeting well-known/famous sports people/personalities. And the third is active participation. (52words)V. Translation72. Many people are totally ignorant of their potential (abilities/talents).73. These policies are to some extent responsible for the region’s economic decline.74. Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world to live together in friendship with people from/of all countries./Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world, where people of all/different countries live together in friendship.75. The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenager problems deserves our attention and research/ analysis, which also deserves the joint efforts of the whole society to find solutions.VI. Guided WritingOmitted.高三年级英语第1页共1页。

上海市黄浦区2017-2018学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷（完卷时间：120分钟满分：140分）第I卷（共100分）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.Before dinner. B.During the meal.C.After dinner.D.Tomorrow evening.2. A.In a hotel. B.At a bus station.C.In a cinema.D.At an airport.3. A.Salesman and customer. B.Boss and secretary.C.Doctor and patient.D.Doctor and nurse.4. A.4. B.5. C.6. D.7.5. A.The lecture. B.The heat.C.The workload.D.The air quality.6. A.Confident. B.Nervous. C.Uninterested. D.Annoyed.7. A.Visit the company. B.Re-write his resumé.C.Get a job on campus.D.Apply for a job with PICC.8. A.He is fearless. B.He is forgetful.C.He is helpful.D.He is thoughtful.9. A.Talking about sports. B.Writing up local news.C.Reading newspapers.D.Putting up advertisements.10. A.She expects to see him soon. B.She agrees with the man.C.She doesn’t believe he can do it.D.She will work for the library.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear one longer conversation and two short passages.After each conversation or passage,you will be asked several questions.The conversation and the passages will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through14are based on the following conversation.11. A.The scientific steps to write a paper. B.A funny story that they read recently.C.An assignment of a creative writing course.D.A detective case that was just finished.12. A.She encountered a bottleneck when writing a story.B.She was happy that she finished the story easily.C.She was expected to finish the story in a month.D.She decided to give up the story eventually.13. A.Change to another topic. B.Give the story an ending first.C.Do work for another course.D.Write everything occurring to her.14. A.Buy jewels for her mother. B.Locate the security camera.C.Do some research for her writing.D.Rob a jewelry store for ideas.Questions15through17are based on the following passage.15. A.They don’t attach importance to scores. B.They attract fewer and fewer students.C.They will take place next week.D.They will no longer exist.16. A.To inspire young people to practice more.B.To encourage young people to be creative.C.To motivate young people to keep learning.D.To urge young people to start up companies.17. A.To bring more economic benefits. B.To help students memorize better.C.To change the present education system.D.To develop teachers’multi-skills.Questions18through20are based on the following passage.18. A.More communication with others. B.Construction of the life journey.C.Revealing of determination.D.Loss of the social identity.19. A.Depression and isolation. B.Walking around the corner.ck of sleep.D.Getting impatient.20. A.Making it possible to get a pay rise.B.Providing people with new business.C.Giving people time to think about their life again.D.Helping people to find jobs based on their hobbies.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Norway is Teaching Travelers to TravelAfter15people died during Easter in1967,the Norwegian Trekking Association and the Red Cross announced their campaign‘Welcome to the mountains,but be responsible’.Fjellvettreglene,the‘mountain code’(21)______encourages people to have a healthy and respectful relationship with nature,has since become a crucial part of Norwegian culture.It includes points such as bringing necessary equipment(22)______(assist) yourself and others,seeking shelter if necessary and feeling no shame in turning around.Nationally,Norway(23)______(experience)an11%increase in tourism in the past decade.From just1,000 tourists in the whole of2010,Trolltunga,a piece of rock that stands horizontally out of the mountain,(24)______ (see)1,800visitors in one2017day alone.Why?Because people want the same picture they see on Instagram and Facebook.A lot don’t care about the experience of the hike.They just want proof(25)______they did it.But, while good for the economy,this tourism boom has become a threat(26)______Norway’s natural environment.Used toilet paper,(27)______(abandon)tents and plastic bottles can be found littered all around Trolltunga. And with the high amount of people who come unprepared for such an active hike,Norway’s leading hiking group,Friluftsliv,also has called for regulations on the number of tourists(28)______(hike)to sse Heimdal, leader of the outdoor organization said,“On a busy day,you may have to wait in line for an hour and a half just to get a picture.To control this,we’d like to regulate(29)___________people can hike in a day.Starting hike times should also have regulations so people don’t start too late and find(30)______stuck up here.”Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A.accommodationB.annualC.declineD.destinationE.dinersF.hostedG.ingredients H.precisely I.ranked J.remote K.talentedWorld’s Best RestaurantThe Black Swan,a rural pub in England has been named“the world’s best restaurant”by TripAdvisor.After scoring up positive feedback,the review website31the pub over fine dining establishments from New York to Paris in its32Travelers'Choice awards.So what’s it got going for it?Firstly,this isn’t some backwater pub enjoying in insignificance.Tommy Banks,a(n)33young cook,is already a TV regular in the UK and has had a Michelin star to his name since becoming the youngest receiver ever in2013at the age of24.Secondly,it's not really a pub anymore.Like many rural UK pubs,the Black Swan had been in34for many years before2006,when Banks'family took over.After their attempts to run it as a pub struggled,they decided to make it a dining35.It now operates as both restaurant and fashionable36,offering food-and-stay packages that help draw customers to its truly37location.It's usually booked up well in advance with38coming from near and far.During CNN's visit,neighboring tables included a couple on an overnight break from their kids.Another39 two of the Banks brothers'old school teachers,on a trip up from York—40the kind of crowd that have helped lift the Black Swan to TripAdvisor glory.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Could Buying Paintings Make You Rich?Is investing in paintings a good way to get rich fast?And how should you invest in art?“With extreme41”is the advice of Patrick Connolly,a financial adviser.“We don’t42our customers to invest in art because the downsides are greater than the upsides.It doesn't produce income or earnings.What you 43is exclusively based on supply and demand,and there are big movements upwards or downwards if there are changes in the economic environment,”he said.To invest in art as a true investment,you need a starting fund of at least$5,000.But it’s not just about having enough44to buy the painting in the first place.Expensive works of art are often stored in protective boxes complete with detectors to monitor humidity and temperature levels,and to protect them from sun damage or other 45such as a spilled cup of coffee.And if you do put it on your wall,then your insurance costs are likely to be high.If word gets out that you have expensive art hanging on your wall,then you're likely to be a46for thieves.Art is also not a regulated investment so when things go wrong–for example,an artwork turns out to be a fraud（赝品）–then investors cannot fall back on47for any repayment.Of course given the current environment of low interest rates,that's still a(n)48return than many savings accounts will give you.As art has no association to the stock market,it means paintings can49in value even when the market crashes,making it a good option for investment50.It is reported that after a decrease in the global art market throughout2016,auction（拍卖）sales51in the first six months of2017.Yet you don't necessarily have to be super-wealthy to invest in art.There are a growing number of art fairs and online marketplaces aimed at buyers with a more52budget.Most art industry experts suggest that you buy a piece of art because you like it,not because you want to get rich.The most53approach is probably to buy something you like and can54and,be prepared to keep it just for your own pleasure.If it goes up in value that should be just a(n)55benefit.41.A.accuracy B.carefulness C.enthusiasm D.generosity42.A.beg B.control C.forbid D.recommend43.A.get back B.look into C.take out D.turn to44.A.desire B.energy C.money D.time45.A.accidents B.appliances C.measures D.drinks46.A.partner B.spectator C.target D.therapy47.A.initiative B.regulation C.strategy D.tradition48.A.better B.earlier C.healthier D.lower49.A.fall apart B.fall down C.go ahead D.go up50.A.funds B.levels C.selections D.rates51.A.ceased B.proceeded C.recovered D.shrank52.A.fixed B.limited C.massive D.modest53.A.creative B.direct C.flexible D.sensible54.A.afford B.preserve C.transfer D.undertake55.A.added B.maximum C.obvious D.socialSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Post-00s is a documentary about growing up.It covers almost every aspect of millennials’experiences on their path toward adolescence–their struggles with schoolwork,their relationship with peers,their confusion if a younger brother or sister is born into the family,and their growing desire to keep a distance from their parents.But this five-episode series was different from any other TV program with a similar theme.Post-00s was filmed over a period of10years,during which the show’s makers followed a group of kids from when they were infants through to when they became teenagers.In other words,the show’s“characters”grow older for real,and their stories are all real.“Coming-of-age”stories,as they’re known,have a special appeal.They satisfy our curiosity of looking at someone else’s life,and we become more and more attached to the characters as if we truly know them.And while we enjoy the truthfulness of the stories because nothing is set in advance,we also can’t help but feel the cruelty of reality.After all,there’s no re-writing of the script（剧本）and there’s no turning back–this is real life.This realness can also be seen in Boyhood,a2014film that won the Silver Bear award for best director at the64th Berlin International Film Festival.During a period of12years,the film follows the life of Mason Jr–played by US actor Ellar Coltrane–from when he was6to when he finished high school.One of Boyhood’s appeals comes from its“ordinariness”.Mason Jr isn’t some child genius...He is a quietly spoken,fairly typical American boy,growing up in the Texas suburbs.He likes riding his bike and playing video games.While coming-of-age stories may look ordinary on the outside,they often allow us to look underneath the surface and see something extraordinary–the power of life itself.56.In the documentary,we see post-00’s growing experience EXCEPT__________.A.how they deal with their studiesB.how they help look after brothers or sistersC.how they get along with people of their ageD.how much they long to be independent of their parents57.What do Post-00and Boyhood have in common?A.They’re intended to win an award for best director.B.The heroes and heroines are characters themselves.C.They’re a kind of reality show of ordinary kids’growth.D.The stories are based on true life but polished by writers.58.Audience are interested in“coming-of-age”stories because__________.A.they can see the truth of lifeB.they know the characters wellC.they are much fond of gossipD.they appreciate stories of daily life59.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A.Post-00s are different geniusesB.Actors are ordinary charactersC.Documentary is real lifeD.Life is one big story(B )B BC SHOPrming.Inspiring.WHAT A RELIEF!Delight everyone on your holiday gift list with great gifts from the BBC.You’ll earn heartfelt thanks from nature lovers for Planet Earth I&II:The Complete Collection(page41)–inspiring look at our planet’s wildest,most mysterious creatures and their breathtaking home.…from mystery lovers for Sherlock:Complete Seasons1-4and The Abominable Bride Giftset(page13)–entertaining proof that Holmes can be difficult,dangerous,accurate,and absolute funny.…and from those who appreciate all things British.Delight Charles Dickens fans with Dickensian(page7).The new drama series with more adventures for Dickens’characters…Dinner with Dickens Cookbook(page9)with procedures for his favorite dishes…and Tom Baker Reads“A Christmas poem”(page8)for a wonderful new holiday tradition.Plus teapots,T-shirts,shortbread,mugs and more–just in time for the holidays.Enjoy!NEWTHE MOMENTWelcome to murder,suspense,romance,robbery and clothing in this excitinghistorical drama!Trouble begins for Rachel Verinder the day she inherits a large diamond stolen from a Hindu temple.When it disappears again,suspicion falls on Franklin Blake,the man who loves her.But what about mysterious cousin Godfrey,the housemaid with a thieving past,and doctor who experiments with opium（鸦片）? Blake must discover the fate of the Moonstone or lose Rachel forever.A powerful tale and emotionally sudden changes,based on the first-ever English detective novel by Wikie Collins.3¾hours.DVD21024$34.99YOUR PRICE:￥27.98WALKERS CHRISTMAS TREE SHORTBREAD AND TINSSanta and a beautiful Angel put the finishing touches on Christmas tree tins–perfect centerpieces and holiday decorations that your family and friends will enjoy year after year.Lift the treetops and taste the delicious secret inside:pure butter shortbread shaped like mini-Christmas trees,and made from only finest ingredients–flour,butter,sugar and salt.Baked in the village of Aberlour in the Scottish Highlands,they follow a generations-old family procedure,first perfected by Joseph Walker in1898.While the shortbread will disappear as if by magic,the tins will hold your holiday cookies and candy for many Christmases to come.Wonderful hostess gifts.Both tins:6〃h×4¾〃d;net wt4.4oz.Angel21042$19.98Santa21043$19.9860.Tom’s wife is a home baker,so he’d better refer to Page______for a Christmas present for her.A.8B.9C.13D.4161.Which of the following statements is TRUE about“The Moment”?A.It is an adapted drama lasting nearly4hours.B.The story,rather than the actors,is attracting.C.There are three suspects for stealing the diamond.D.It is based on Wikie Collins’most famous detective novel.62.What can be learned about the shortbread?A.It usually disappears in a magic way together with the tin.B.It follows a secret procedure perfected by Joseph Walker.C.It is wrapped in a tin with both Angel and Santa on it.D.It is traditionally family-baked in Scotland.(C)①Australians have long been known for having a relaxed and casual attitude to life.According to Dr Tanya King,senior lecturer from Victoria’s Deakin University,“It’s Australians’egalitarianism,sense of humor and informal language that are most commonly mentioned as examples of this attitude”.②Egalitarianism roots in the way that the nation was built.In Australia’s founding era in the late1700s, criminal settlers were often cruelly treated and robbed of their basic human rights by governors.The criminal class, who were mostly working-class Brits and Irish,was unable to seek civic positions that were reserved for immigrants who were not the criminal,with the latter arguing that if criminals gained equal rights it would be ‘rewarding criminality’.Because of this,an egalitarian spirit was worn as a symbol of honor by many criminal settlers.They may not have had power,education or wealth,but they had a shared belief in equality.③The informal way Australians use language is also believed to root in criminal times.Philologist Sidney Baker once wrote that‘no other class would have a better talent for creating new terms to fit in with their newconditions in life’.Cockney rhyming slang brought over by the British working class was abbreviated even further –so‘have a Captains Cook’(have a look),became‘ava captains’.This same practice was used to economize ordinary clauses.Words like‘good day’became‘g’day’,and barbecue was‘barbie’.④The tough conditions of settler times also played a part in Australians’dry,self-criticizing and sarcastic（讽刺的）sense of humor.While in many countries it’s considered poor taste to find humor in difficult circumstances, Australians tend to look at the lighter side.On one road trip,as I hit the state line and entered Victoria,I drove past some blackened trees,the leftovers of a recent bushfire.A road sign warning drivers about wildlife was half-melted and bent,but the shape of a hopping kangaroo was still distinct.Behind the figure,someone had drawn flames making it look as though the animal’s tail was on fire.I couldn’t help but laugh–it was a brilliant reminder of the country’s‘nothing upsets us’and anti-authoritarian attitude.⑤And one thing you can’t help but notice when driving around Australia is the country’s plentiful amounts of space.This,along with considerable leisure time plus favorable climate,all contribute to Australians’relaxed attitude.63.The underlined word“egalitarianism”is closest to__________in meaning.A.criminalityB.crueltyC.equalityernmentalism64.Which of the following is a feature of the way Australians use language?A.They use more slangs than other people.B.They give new meanings to existent words.C.They favour shortened forms of expressions.D.They coin terms in memory of criminal times.65.What can be inferred from paragraph4?A.Kangaroos’living conditions are getting tougher.B.Forest fires threaten Australians’life to a great extent.C.Potential danger is here and there on the roads in Victoria.D.Australians’jokes may not be as careless as they seem on the surface.66.The passage mainly talks about__________.A.how the late1700s impacted AustraliaB.why Australians enjoy casual life so muchC.what contributes to Australians’relaxed lifestyleD.how Australians present their attitude towards lifeSection CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.That turned out to be not exactly correct.B.But Buchanan warned against such an assumption.C.But a number of business organizations say it should remain untouched.D.But what works for a clothing company might not work for a different one.E.Raising the minimum wage is identified as a key way to address the income gap.F.For opponents of a wage increase,increasing the minimum wage could reduce total employment byabout500,000jobs.More Clarity Needed on Wage DebateThese days,the minimum wage has become something of a big issue in America.67For supporters,16.5 million low-wage workers could see an increase in their weekly earnings and900,000people could rise above the poverty line.Gap Inc,has decided to increase the minimum hourly rate it pays employees to$9this year and then$10next year.The company’s announcement will affect65,000Gap employees by2017.Clearly Gap officials believe the money they invest in higher wages will pay off in increased sales and customer satisfaction.There’s certainly nothing wrong with that.68Also last week,Wal-Mart found itself at the center of the wages gossip when it was reported that the company was looking at supporting an increase in the minimum wage.69Wal-Mart spokeswoman Brooke Buchanan said the company remains neutral on the idea of a minimum wage increase,but“obviously it’s something that we look at closely,as any other company would”.She said that more than99percent of company associates are paid above the current minimum wage.It has been discussed how increased income for low-wage workers might translate into increased spending.So it’s reasonable to say that a company like Wal-Mart could see a jump in sales if the minimum wage rose.70“That is assuming that consumer behavior would be,‘If they have more money,they’ll spend more money,’”she said.“That isn’t always necessarily true.If we had a crystal ball,we could guess what consumer behavior would be in the future if a minimum wage increase goes through.But you just can’t.”IV.Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no moree your own words as far as possible.Are Open Offices Good for Us?Four years ago,Chris Nagele did what many other technology executives have done before–moved his team into an open concept office.His staff had been entirely working from home,but he wanted everyone to be together, to connect and cooperate more easily.It quickly became clear,though,that Nagele had made a huge mistake. Everyone was distracted and productivity suffered and nine employees were unhappy,not to mention Nagele himself.About three years after moving into the open office,Nagele moved the company into a10,000-square foot office where everyone now has their own space—complete with closing doors.Numerous companies have held the open office—about70%of US offices are open concept—and very few have moved back into traditional spaces with offices and doors.But research that we’re15%less productive,we have huge trouble concentrating in open working spaces,has contributed to a growing criticism against open offices.Beside the cheaper cost,one main argument for the open workspace is that it increases teamwork.However, it’s well documented that we rarely brainstorm brilliant ideas when we’re just shooting the breeze in a crowd. Instead,as many of us know,we’re more likely to hear about the Christmas gift a colleague is buying for a family member,or problems with your deskmate’s spouse.For jobs that require focus,like writing,advertising,financial planning and computer programming,some companies that aren’t ready to abandon open plans are experimenting with quiet and closed spaces.The trouble with that,is some of us don’t feel comfortable leaving the team to go off on our own—it can feel as if we’re not pulling our weight if we’re not present.That’s particularly true in high-pressure environments.Some of us even feel that escaping to a quiet room is a sign of weakness.第II卷（共40分）V.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.选举的结果很快便在全世界传播开了。

2018届上海市黄浦区高三上学期期终调研测试（一模）政治试题及答案黄浦区2018学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试政治试卷（完卷时间：120分钟，满分150分）考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须写在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

2．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

一、单项选择题（共90分，每题3分。

每题只有一个正确答案）1．前些天的“双十一”网购狂欢让金融、物流快递的业务量迅猛增长，与此同时一些不真实的需求信息沿着供应链逆流而上，并被逐级放大，亦造成了相当程度的资源浪费。

材料表明A．生产决定消费方式B．消费对生产具有反作用C．消费中要勤俭节约D．市场配置资源最有效率2．9月教育部出台新高考方案，实现两类人才、两种模式的高考。

一种是技术技能人才的高考，考试内容为技能加文化知识；一种是学术型人才的高考，考试内容与现在的高考相似，将两类高考分开。

“两种模式高考”的方案A．能够增加大量的劳动就业岗位B．更加适应我国就业结构的变化C．有利于实现用创业来代替就业D．可以使劳动者树立正确就业观3．今年公布的世界500强企业名单中，中国上榜企业达100家，上榜主体包括68家国有企业，其中，中石化以4572亿美元的收入位居全球第三。

这表明国有经济A．在国民经济中占据主体地位B．以股份制作为主要实现形式C．竞争力和控制力在不断增强D．在国民经济中所占比重最大4．国务院批转的《关于深化收入分配制度改革的若干意见》提出，要根据经济发展、物价变动等因素，适时调整最低工资标准，到绝大多数地区最低工资标准达到当地城镇从业人员平均工资的40%以上。

调整最低工资标准的根本依据是A．当地经济发展水平B．当地物价水平C．当地平均工资水平D．当地城镇化水平5．某商业银行发售的一款理财产品期限为180天，认购金额在5万到10万元之间，预计到期年化收益率（即当前收益率算成年收益率）为6.20%。

2018年上海市黄浦区高考数学一模试卷一、填空题（本大题共有12题，满分36分.其中第1～6题每题满分36分，第7～12题每题满分36分）（3分）已知全集U=R，集合，则（∁B）∩A= ．1．U2．（3分）函数的定义域是．3．（3分）若复数z满足（i为虚数单位），则z= ．4．（3分）已知sin（α+）=，α∈（﹣，0），则tanα=．5．（3分）若无穷等比数列中任意一项均等于其之后所有项的和，则其公比为．6．（3分）若函数y=a+sinx在区间[π，2π]上有且只有一个零点，则a= ．7．（3分）已知向量=（x，y）（x，y∈R），=（1，2），若x2+y2=1，则|﹣|的最小值为．8．（3分）已知函数y=f（x）是奇函数，且当x≥0时，f（x）=log（x+1）．若2函数y=g（x）是y=f（x）的反函数，则g（﹣3）= ．9．（3分）已知 m，n，α，β∈R，m＜n，α＜β，若α，β是函数f（x）=2（x﹣n）﹣7的零点，则m，n，α，β四个数按从小到大的顺序是（用（x﹣m）符号“＜“连接起来）．10．（3分）已知点O，A，B，F分别为椭圆的中心、左顶点、上顶点、右焦点，过点F作OB的平行线，它与椭圆C在第一象限部分交于点P，若，则实数λ的值为．11．（3分）已知x∈R，定义：A（x）表示不小于x的最小整数．如，A（﹣1.1）=﹣1．若A（2x•A（x））=5，则正实数x的取值范围是．12．（3分）已知点M（m，0），m＞0和抛物线C：y2=4x．过C的焦点F的直线与C交于A，B两点，若=2，且||=||，则m= ．二、选择题（本大题共有4题，满分12分．）13．（3分）若x∈R，则“x＞1”是“”的（）A．充分非必要条件B．必要非充分条件C．充要条件D．既非充分也非必要条件14．（3分）已知向量，则下列能使成立的一组向量是（）A．B．C．D．15．（3分）一个算法的程序框图如图所示，则该程序运行后输出的值是（）A．4 B．5 C．6 D．716．（3分）已知a1，a2，a3，a4是各项均为正数的等差数列，其公差d大于零，若线段l1，l2，l3，l4的长分别为a1，a2，a3，a4，则（）A．对任意的d，均存在以l1，l2，l3为三边的三角形B．对任意的d，均不存在以为l1，l2，l3三边的三角形C．对任意的d，均存在以l2，l3，l4为三边的三角形D．对任意的d，均不存在以l2，l3，l4为三边的三角形三、解答题（本大题共有5题，满分74分．）17．（12分）在长方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中，AB=AA1=4，BC=3，E，F分别是所在棱AB，BC的中点，点P是棱A1B1上的动点，联结EF，AC1．如图所示．（1）求异面直线EF，AC1所成角的大小（用反三角函数值表示）；（2）求以E，F，A，P为顶点的三棱锥的体积．18．（12分）如图，已知点A是单位圆上一点，且位于第一象限，以x轴的正半轴为始边，OA为终边的角设为α，将OA绕坐标原点逆时针旋转至OB．（1）用α表示A，B两点的坐标；（2）M为x轴上异于O的点，若MA⊥MB，求点M横坐标的取值范围．19．（14分）已知函数g（x）=，x∈R，函数y=f（x）是函数y=g（x）的反函数．（1）求函数y=f（x）的解析式，并写出定义域D；（2）设h（x）=，若函数y=h（x）在区间（0，1）内的图象是不间断的光滑曲线，求证：函数y=h（x）在区间（﹣1，0）内必有唯一的零点（假设为t），且﹣1．20．（18分）（理科）定义：若各项为正实数的数列{an}满足，则称数列{an}为“算术平方根递推数列”．已知数列{xn }满足，且，点（xn+1，xn）在二次函数f（x）=2x2+2x的图象上．（1）试判断数列{2xn+1}（n∈N*）是否为算术平方根递推数列？若是，请说明你的理由；（2）记yn =lg（2xn+1）（n∈N*），求证：数列{yn}是等比数列，并求出通项公式yn；（3）从数列{yn}中依据某种顺序自左至右取出其中的项，把这些项重新组成一个新数列{zn}：．若数列{zn}是首项为、公比为的无穷等比数列，且数列{zn}各项的和为，求正整数k、m的值．21．（18分）已知椭圆Γ：+=1（a＞b＞0），过原点的两条直线l1和l2分别与Γ交于点A、B和C、D，得到平行四边形ACBD．（1）当ACBD为正方形时，求该正方形的面积S；（2）若直线l1和l2关于y轴对称，Γ上任意一点P到l1和l2的距离分别为d1和d2，当d12+d22为定值时，求此时直线l1和l2的斜率及该定值．（3）当ACBD为菱形，且圆x2+y2=1内切于菱形ACBD时，求a，b满足的关系式．2018年上海市黄浦区高考数学一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、填空题（本大题共有12题，满分36分.其中第1～6题每题满分36分，第7～12题每题满分36分）B）∩A= {x| 1．（3分）已知全集U=R，集合，则（∁U﹣1＜x≤} ．【解答】解：A={x|﹣1＜x＜1}，∁B={x|x≤}，UB）∩A={x|﹣1＜x≤}，则（∁U故答案为：{x|﹣1＜x≤}，2．（3分）函数的定义域是（1，+∞）．【解答】解：要使函数有意义，需满足解得x＞1故答案为：（1，+∞）3．（3分）若复数z满足（i为虚数单位），则z= 1+2i ．【解答】解：由，得z=1+2i．故答案为：1+2i．4．（3分）已知sin（α+）=，α∈（﹣，0），则tanα=﹣2．【解答】解：∵sin（α+）=cosα，sin（α+）=，∴cosα=，又α∈（﹣，0），∴sinα=﹣，∴tanα==﹣2．故答案为：﹣2．5．（3分）若无穷等比数列中任意一项均等于其之后所有项的和，则其公比为．【解答】解：设数列中的任意一项为a，由无穷等比数列中的每一项都等于它后面所有各项的和，得a=，即1﹣q=q∴q=．故答案为：．6．（3分）若函数y=a+sinx在区间[π，2π]上有且只有一个零点，则a= 1 ．【解答】解：作函数y=sinx在区间[π，2π]上的图象如下，，结合图象可知，若函数y=a+sinx在区间[π，2π]上有且只有一个零点，则a﹣1=0，故a=1；故答案为：1．7．（3分）已知向量=（x，y）（x，y∈R），=（1，2），若x2+y2=1，则|﹣|的最小值为﹣1 ．【解答】解：设O（0，0），P（1，2），∴|﹣|=≥||﹣1=﹣1=﹣1，∴|﹣|的最小值为﹣1（x+1）．若8．（3分）已知函数y=f（x）是奇函数，且当x≥0时，f（x）=log2函数y=g（x）是y=f（x）的反函数，则g（﹣3）= ﹣7 ．【解答】解：∵反函数与原函数具有相同的奇偶性．∴g（﹣3）=﹣g（3），∵反函数的定义域是原函数的值域，∴log（x+1）=3，2解得：x=7，即g（3）=7，故得g（﹣3）=﹣7．故答案为：﹣7．9．（3分）已知 m，n，α，β∈R，m＜n，α＜β，若α，β是函数f（x）=2（x﹣m）（x﹣n）﹣7的零点，则m，n，α，β四个数按从小到大的顺序是α＜m＜n＜β（用符号“＜“连接起来）．【解答】解：∵α、β是函数f（x）=2（x﹣m）（x﹣n）﹣7的零点，∴α、β是函数y=2（x﹣m）（x﹣n）与函数y=7的交点的横坐标，且m、n是函数y=2（x﹣m）（x﹣n）与x轴的交点的横坐标，故由二次函数的图象可知，α＜m＜n＜β；故答案为：α＜m＜n＜β．10．（3分）已知点O，A，B，F分别为椭圆的中心、左顶点、上顶点、右焦点，过点F作OB的平行线，它与椭圆C在第一象限部分交于点P，若，则实数λ的值为．【解答】解：如图，A（﹣a，0），B（0，b），F（c，0），则P（c，），∴，，由，得，即b=c，∴a2=b2+c2=2b2，．则．故答案为：．11．（3分）已知x∈R，定义：A（x）表示不小于x的最小整数．如，A（﹣1.1）=﹣1．若A（2x•A（x））=5，则正实数x的取值范围是（1，] ．【解答】解：当A（x）=1时，0＜x≤1，可得4＜2x≤5，得2＜x≤，矛盾，故A（x）≠1，当A（x）=2时，1＜x≤2，可得4＜4x≤5，得1＜x≤，符合题意，故A（x）=2，当A（x）=3时，2＜x≤3，可得4＜6x≤5，得＜x≤，矛盾，故A（x）≠3，由此可知，当A（x）≥4时也不合题意，故A（x）=2∴正实数x的取值范围是（1，]故答案为：（1，]12．（3分）已知点M（m，0），m＞0和抛物线C：y2=4x．过C的焦点F的直线与C交于A，B两点，若=2，且||=||，则m= ．【解答】解：由题意可知：F（1，0），由抛物线定义可知A（x1，y1），可知B（x2，y2），∵=2，可得：2（x2﹣1，y2）=（1﹣x1，﹣y1），可得y2=﹣，x2=，，解得x1=2，y1=±2．||=||，可得|m﹣1|=，解得m=．故答案为：．二、选择题（本大题共有4题，满分12分．）13．（3分）若x∈R，则“x＞1”是“”的（）A．充分非必要条件B．必要非充分条件C．充要条件D．既非充分也非必要条件【解答】解：由x＞1，一定能得到得到＜1，但当＜1时，不能推出x＞1 （如 x=﹣1时），故x＞1是＜1 的充分不必要条件，故选：A．14．（3分）已知向量，则下列能使成立的一组向量是（）A．B．C．D．【解答】解：作为基底不共线即可，共线，共线，不共线，共线，故选C．15．（3分）一个算法的程序框图如图所示，则该程序运行后输出的值是（）A．4 B．5 C．6 D．7【解答】解：模拟执行程序框图，可得k=0，S=0满足条件S＜1000，S=1，k=1满足条件S＜1000，S=1+2=3，k=2满足条件S＜1000，S=1+2+23=11，k=3满足条件S＜1000，S=1+2+23+211，k=4不满足条件S＜1000，退出循环，输出k的值为4．故选：A．16．（3分）已知a1，a2，a3，a4是各项均为正数的等差数列，其公差d大于零，若线段l1，l2，l3，l4的长分别为a1，a2，a3，a4，则（）A．对任意的d，均存在以l1，l2，l3为三边的三角形B．对任意的d，均不存在以为l1，l2，l3三边的三角形C．对任意的d，均存在以l2，l3，l4为三边的三角形D．对任意的d，均不存在以l2，l3，l4为三边的三角形【解答】解：A：对任意的d，假设均存在以l1，l2，l3为三边的三角形，∵a1，a 2，a3，a4是各项均为正数的等差数列，其公差d大于零，∴a2+a3＞a1，a3+a1=2a2＞a2，而a1+a2﹣a3=a1﹣d不一定大于0，因此不一定存在以为l1，l2，l3三边的三角形，故不正确；B：由A可知：当a1﹣d＞0时，存在以为l1，l2，l3三边的三角形，因此不正确；C：对任意的d，由于a3+a4，＞a2，a2+a4=2a1+4d=a1+2d+a3＞0，a2+a3﹣a4=a1＞0，因此均存在以l2，l3，l4为三边的三角形，正确；D．由C可知不正确．故选：C．三、解答题（本大题共有5题，满分74分．）17．（12分）在长方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中，AB=AA1=4，BC=3，E，F分别是所在棱AB，BC的中点，点P是棱A1B1上的动点，联结EF，AC1．如图所示．（1）求异面直线EF，AC1所成角的大小（用反三角函数值表示）；（2）求以E，F，A，P为顶点的三棱锥的体积．【解答】（本题满分12分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分（6分），第2小题满分（6分）．解：（1）联结AC，在长方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中，有AC∥EF．又∠CAC1是直角三角形ACC1的一个锐角，∴∠CAC1就是异面直线EF，AC1所成的角．由AB=AA1=4，BC=3，得AC==5．∴tan∠CAC1==，即异面直线EF，AC1所成角为arctan．（2）由题意可知，点P到底面ABCD的距离与棱AA1的长相等．∵，∴=．18．（12分）如图，已知点A是单位圆上一点，且位于第一象限，以x轴的正半轴为始边，OA为终边的角设为α，将OA绕坐标原点逆时针旋转至OB．（1）用α表示A，B两点的坐标；（2）M为x轴上异于O的点，若MA⊥MB，求点M横坐标的取值范围．【解答】解：（1）点A是单位圆上一点，且位于第一象限，以x轴的正半轴为始边，OA为终边的角设为α，α∈（0，）可得A（cosα，sinα），将OA绕坐标原点逆时针旋转至OB．可得B（cos （），sin（）），即B（﹣sinα，cosα）．（2）设M（x，0），x≠0，=（cosα﹣x，sinα），=（﹣sinα﹣x，cosα）．MA⊥MB，可得（cosα﹣x）（﹣sinα﹣x）+sinαcosα=0．xsinα﹣xcosα+x2=0，可得﹣x=sinα﹣cosα=sin（）∈（﹣1，1）．综上x∈（﹣1，0）∪（0，1）．点M横坐标的取值范围：（﹣1，0）∪（0，1）．19．（14分）已知函数g（x）=，x∈R，函数y=f（x）是函数y=g（x）的反函数．（1）求函数y=f（x）的解析式，并写出定义域D；（2）设h（x）=，若函数y=h（x）在区间（0，1）内的图象是不间断的光滑曲线，求证：函数y=h（x）在区间（﹣1，0）内必有唯一的零点（假设为t），且﹣1．【解答】（本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分（7分），第2小题满分（7分）．解：（1）∵函数g（x）==1﹣，∴g（x）∈（﹣1，1）．令y=g（x）=1﹣，则=1﹣y，即，即x=，∴f（x）=，x∈（﹣1，1）．证明：（2）由（1）可知，h（x）==﹣，x∈（﹣1，0）∪（0，1）．∵h（﹣x）+h（x）=﹣﹣+﹣=0，所以，函数h（x）是奇函数．当x∈（0，1）时，单调递减，=﹣1+单调递减，于是单调递减．因此，函数h（x）单调递减．依据奇函数的性质，可知，函数h（x）在（﹣1，0）上单调递减．又∵h（﹣）=﹣2+lg3＜0，h（﹣）=﹣+lg199＞0，所以，函数h（x）在区间（﹣1，0）上有且仅有唯一零点t，且﹣1．20．（18分）（理科）定义：若各项为正实数的数列{an}满足，则称数列{an}为“算术平方根递推数列”．已知数列{xn }满足，且，点（xn+1，xn）在二次函数f（x）=2x2+2x的图象上．（1）试判断数列{2xn+1}（n∈N*）是否为算术平方根递推数列？若是，请说明你的理由；（2）记yn =lg（2xn+1）（n∈N*），求证：数列{yn}是等比数列，并求出通项公式yn；（3）从数列{yn}中依据某种顺序自左至右取出其中的项，把这些项重新组成一个新数列{zn}：．若数列{zn}是首项为、公比为的无穷等比数列，且数列{zn}各项的和为，求正整数k、m的值．【解答】解：（1）数列{2xn+1}（n∈N*）是否为算术平方根递推数列，证明如下：∵点（xn+1，xn）在二次函数f（x）=2x2+2x的图象上，∴xn =2xn+12+2xn+1，∴2xn +1=（2xn+1+1）2，∵xn＞0，n∈N*，∴2xn+1+1=，∴数列{2xn+1}（n∈N*）是否为算术平方根递推数列；（2）∵yn =lg（2xn+1），2xn+1+1=，∴yn+1=yn，∵y1=lg（2x1+1）=1，∴数列{yn}是首项为1，公比为等比数列，∴通项公式yn=（）n﹣1（3）由题意可得数列{zn}的首项为，公比为，∴=，∴+=16，若m﹣1≥3，则+≤+＜+＜16，矛盾，∴m﹣1≤2，∵m﹣1=0或1时，+＞16，∴m﹣1=2，∴m=3，∴k=6．21．（18分）已知椭圆Γ：+=1（a＞b＞0），过原点的两条直线l1和l2分别与Γ交于点A、B和C、D，得到平行四边形ACBD．（1）当ACBD为正方形时，求该正方形的面积S；（2）若直线l1和l2关于y轴对称，Γ上任意一点P到l1和l2的距离分别为d1和d2，当d12+d22为定值时，求此时直线l1和l2的斜率及该定值．（3）当ACBD为菱形，且圆x2+y2=1内切于菱形ACBD时，求a，b满足的关系式．【解答】解：（1）∵ACBD为正方形，∴直线l1和l2的方程为y=x和y=﹣x，设点A、B的坐标为（x1，y1）、（x2，y2），解方程组，得==，由对称性可知，S=4=；（2）由题意，不妨设直线l1的方程为y=kx，则直线l2的方程为y=﹣kx，设P（x0，y），则+=1，又∵d1=，d2=，∴+=+=，将=b2（1﹣）代入上式，得+=，∵d12+d22为定值，∴k2﹣=0，即k=±，于是直线l1和l2的斜率分别为和﹣，此时+=；（3）设AC与圆x2+y2=1相切的切点坐标为（x0，y），则切线AC的方程为：x0x+yy=1，点A、C的坐标为（x1，y1）、（x2，y2）为方程组的实数解．①当x0=0或y=0时，ACBD均为正方形，椭圆均过点（1，1），于是有+=1；②当x0≠0或y≠0时，将y=（1﹣xx）代入+=1，整理得：（a2+b2）x2﹣2a2xx﹣a2（1+b2）=0，由韦达定理可知x1x2=，同理可知y1y2=，∵ACBD为菱形，∴AO⊥CO，即x1x2+y1y2=0，∴+=0，整理得：a2+b2=a2b2（+），又∵+=1，∴a2+b2=a2b2，即+=1；综上所述，a，b满足的关系式为+=1．。

2018年上海市黄浦区高考物理一模试卷一、单项选择题（共40分，1至8题每小题3分，9至12题每小题3分．每小题只有一个正确选项）1．（3分）下列单位中属于基本单位的是（）A．安培B．焦耳C．库仑D．牛顿2．（3分）历史上，第一个在实验室测量出万有引力恒量的科学家是（）A．卡文迪什B．哥白尼C．伽利略D．开普勒3．（3分）在电场中A点，引入不同的检验电荷，会变化的是（）A．A点的电场强度B．A点的电势C．在A点的电势能D．A点与电场中另一点间的电势差4．（3分）电梯天花板上固定一弹簧测力计，测力计下挂一重物．电梯静止时，测力计读数为50N．若电梯向下运动时，测力计读数恒为45N，则此时电梯做（）A．匀速运动B．匀加速运动C．匀减速运动D．变加速运动5．（3分）声波能绕过某一建筑物而传播，这是因为声波（）A．是纵波B．是机械波C．发生了衍射现象D．穿透力强6．（3分）一物体自空中的A点以大小为5m/s的初速度竖直向上抛出．若不计空气阻力，则该物体可能会（）A．在A下方的某位置，以3m/s的速率向下运动B．在A上方的某位置，以4m/s的速率向上运动C．在A上方的某位置，以6m/s的速率向下运动D．在A上方的某位置，以8m/s的速率向上运动7．（3分）A、B两个质点在同一直线上，t=0时从同一地点开始运动，它们的v﹣t图象如图所示，由图可知（）A．在t时刻两个质点在同一位置B．在t时刻两个质点加速度相等C．在0﹣t时间内质点B比质点A的位移大D．在0﹣t时间内两个质点的平均速度一样大8．（3分）在“用单摆测定重力加速度”的实验中，用力传感器测得摆线的拉力大小F随时间t变化的图象如图所示，已知单摆的摆长为l，则重力加速度g为（）A．B．C．D．9．（4分）如图所示，实线为电场线，虚线为一带电粒子仅在电场力作用下的运动轨迹．设A、B两点的电场强度分别为E A、E B，电势分别为φA、φB，粒子经过A、B两点时的加速度分别为a A、a B，速度分别为v A、v B．则下列判断中无法确定的是（）A．E A＞E B B．φA＞φB C．a A＞a B D．v A＞v B 10．（4分）如图，在匀强电场中，轻质绝缘细绳一端固定于地面，另一端拉住一个带电量为q、质量为m的小球，使之处于静止状态。

黄浦区2018年高考模拟卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank(A)Positive thinking can help you win.Some athletes can reach great goals such as winning an Olympic gold medal．Others never live up to their promise. What kind of preparation before 25__________ race or other event makes the difference?Everyone knows that athletes spare no effort 26___________(strengthen) their bodies．But research shows that strengthening the mind may be justas important．Careful study indicates that the best athletes win partly 27________ they think they can win．Thinking positive thoughts seem to give the possibility for success in sports．People who say to themselves over and over "I know I 28__________do this" often find that they have the advantage to win．On the other hand, people who think "I can't win" often fail．One procedure 29___________helps many athletes is creating pictures in their mind．They are told to think of each move they must do．Some use more fanciful pictures．One skater liked to imagine a star bursting inside her, 30___________(fill) her with energy．Another athlete who wanted to feel calm pictured himself as a bird floating in the air．Next time you want to make progress, try training your mind to help you．Perhaps a teacher or other instructors can help you plan your training．If you imagine yourself doing31___________(well), you may soon see improvements in 32___________you really can do．Positive thinking and pictures created in your mind can help you win!(B)Two Brithsh coloniesAustralia, the last continent, was discovered by ships belonging to some European nations in the 17th century. These nations were less interested in changing it into a colony than in exploring it. As in the early history of the United States, it was the English 33__________ set up the settlements in Australia. This history and the geography of these two British colonies have some 34__________things in common as well.Australia and the United States are about the same in size, and their western lands are both not rich in soil, It was the eastern coast of Australia and America that the English first settled, and both colonies soon began to develop towards the west. However, this westward movement took place more because the English 35__________(search) for better land than because the population was increasing. Settlements of the western part of both countries developed quickly after gold36____________(discover) in America in 1849 and in Australia two years later.Although the development of these two countries has a lot in common, there are some striking differences as well. The United States gained its independence from England byrevolution while Australia won its independence without 37____________(go) to war. Australia, firstly 38___________(turn) into a colony by English prisoners ,was unlike The United States, and its economic development was in wheat growing and sheep raising. By 1922, for example, Australia had fifteen times more sheep than it had people, or almost half as many sheep as there are people today in the United States. Yet, 39___ ____ ____ these and other main differences, Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one40___________(have) with most of the rest of the worldSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Whenever I travel, I meet international leaders who have studied in Britain. These energetic, intelligent people chose Britain because we offer high quality higher education. This is good news for the UK. People who are educated here have a _41_tie to our country. They promote Britain around the world, helping our trade and our diplomacy. It is easier for our executives and our diplomats to do business with people _42__with Britain. Britain exports of education and training are worth some eight billion pounds a year. Money feeds into our institutions and helps our _43_ to open up opportunities for more people to study. Our young people also _44_. They gain from the doors in the world which contact with international students. We can teach, but we can also learn from others. Nowadays, we are launching a long-term strategy to strengthen the United Kingdom as a first choice for the quality of study and the quality of our _45__ to international students. This will be a UK-wide and a Government-wide effort. We are _46_ a package of measures to help encourage students from overseas to study in the UK. We will offer international students more open doors...We have the measures in place, but we are also _47_ tough targets for recruitment(招募). We want to have 25 percent of the global market share of higher education students and we want to increase the number of international students studying in Further Education institutions by 100 percent. Our aim is to _48_ these targets in 5 years. Tough targets, but deliverable. While giving these undertakings, I also want to lay down a challenge to others. To business--- I ask you to _49__ with the British Council overseas to market education. And to universities and colleges---I ask you to live up to your_50__, to professionalise your approach, to deliver a quality education to overseas students that encourages involvement and rises to the challenge of our competitors, to work as partners together.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The United States does not have a government office that regulates the film industry. Government, _51_, does link with the movie business in several ways.In the United States, films generally come from two_52__: large studios that produce many films and television programs each year and independent filmmakers, including both students and experienced filmmakers. Sometimes----through grants from universities or arts or humanities councils--independent filmmakers do receive_53_ indirectly from funding that originated with the local, state, or federal government, but more often funding comes from private investors or through charity organizations_54__ either promotion of arts or promotion of a cause being addressed by a film.While there is no_55__ of film, there are many government offices that interact with the film industry. At the state and local levels, government film offices promote local film locations because use of their local brings employment and other __56_ advantages to promote local tourist sites. These offices also help filmmakers work with the police and others to_57__ filming that impacts traffic, use public buildings, or otherwise needs special consideration._58__, government organizations, especially the branches of the military, have offices that help coordinate(协调) filmmakers’use of facilities, equipment, and even personnel. It would be_59_, for example, for a filmmaker to construct a make-believe aircraft carrier or to hire a cast of extras to be in the__60_ of a movie who look like real soldiers, sailors, airmen, or marines (whose haircuts, fitness levels, and posture are often different from that of civilian(群众) actors). The military is willing to make their facilities_61__, within reason, for approved projects, and each branch has an office that handles these requests. Other branches of the government_62__ requests to use public spaces and buildings, such as monuments or parks.Many years ago, the U.S. Government did produce quite a few feature films and worked closely with Hollywood on films that would encourage public morale during wartime. However, since World War II, these programs have been_63_ due to a combination of budgetary and philosophical concerns. The United States Information Agency,__64_, for many years produced films for exhibition to overseas audiences to complement its other educational programs. One such film, John F. Kennedy: Years of Ligthning, Day of Drums, a posthumous contribution to the president, even won the 1965 Academy Award for best documentary. This_65__, now a part of the U.S. Department of State, no longer produces such feature films.51.A.therefore B. moreover C. however D. otherwise52.A. factors B. sources C. studios D. methods53.A. criticism B. invitation C. support D.guidance54.A. regarded as pared to C. made of D.concerned with55.A. ministry B. feature C. promotion D.need56.A. educational B. economic C. enormous D. effective57.A. cooperate with B.focus on C.arrange for D.make up58.A. Hopefully B.Similarly C. Surprisingly D. Obviously59.A.flexible B.impatient C.neutral D.difficult60.A. industry B.background C.civilization D.entrance61.A.academic B.artificial C.available D.apparent62.A.address B. introduce C.receive D.propose63.A.promoted B.initiated C.eliminated D.highlighted64.A.for example B.by contrast C.in reality D.as a whole65.A.agent B.program C.director anizationSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.Section BDirections：Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by three questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fit best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)[1] “Maybe when I’m 90 years old,I’ll get used to having everything I do taken for granted,”a young homemaker told a secret to her neighbor, “If Bill would compliment me once in a while,he’d make my life much happier.”[2] Few of us realize how much we need encouragement.Yet we must bask(沐浴于)in the warmth of approval mow and then or lose our confidence.[3] All of us need to feel needed and admired.But unless we hear words of praise from someone else,how can we know that we are valued friends or co-workers?[4] Anyone who wants to improve his relationships with others need only show a sympathetic understanding.The way to express this understanding and to give others the feeling of importance and worthiness boils down to this:always kook for something in the other person you can admire and praise and tell him about it.[5] We each have a mental picture of ourselves,a self-imagine.To find life reasonably satisfying,that self-imagine must be one we can live with,one we can like.When we are proud of our self-image,we feel confident and free to be ourselves.We function at our best.When we are ashamed of our self-image,we attempt to hide it rather than express it.We become hard to get along with.[6] A miracle happens to the person whose self-pride has been raised.He suddenly likes other people better.He is kinder and more cooperative with those around him.Praise is the polish that helps keep his self-imagine bright and sparkling.[7] What has this to don with with your giving praise?A lot.You have the ability to perform that kind of miracle in another person.When you add to his self-pride,you make him want to like you and to cooperative with you.[8] In a classic bit of advice,Lord Chesterfield suggested to his son that he should follow the example of the Duke de Nivernoise ：“You will recognize that he makes people pleased with him by making them first pleased with themselves.”[9] The effects of Praise can be great indeed.A new minister called to a church whose members were jokingly referred to as “a refrigerator ”by other ministers decided against criticizing his people for their coolness toward strangers. Instead,he began welcoming visitors and telling them how friendly the members of the church were.Things gradually changed.“Praise transformed the ice-cube members into warmhearted human beings,”he said.66.From paragraph [1] and [2] we can learn that _______ .A.the young homemaker had a thirst for Bill’s praiseB.the neighbor reminded Bill to compliment the homemakerC.it is well-known that we all need encouragement very muchD.getting other people’s approval leads to losing self-confidence67.According to the passage,we become difficult to get on with probably because _______ .A.we want to show our self-imageB.we are not satisfied with our self-imageC.a miracle happens to other peopleD.we are ashamed of being praised68.The example in paragraph [8] tell us that _______ .A.Lord Chesterfield advised his son to praise the Duke de NivernoiseB.the Duke de Nivernoise made Lord Chesterfield pleased with his sonC.praising other people will help win other people’s complimentD.receiving words of praise should go before praising other people69.I n paragraph [9] , “a refrigerator ”was quoted probably because _______ .A.it was always freezing cold in the churchB.the new minister criticized his people coollyC.the church took the shape of a refrigeratorD.the members of the church were unfriendly to strangers(B)EXPERT WORKSHOPSEach hour-long workshop run twice;participate in any two of three.MONDAY, 13：00—14：00/ 14：00—15：00PLANET MONDEYAdam Davidson & Alex Blumberg , Co-Founders and House of NPR’s PlanetMoney(Ballroom A)The World Behind Your T-shirtExplore the global economy through the lens of an item you wear every day—the T-shirt.We”ll follow the journey of a typical T-shirt around the world as it is produced and sold.During the journey we”ll travel across more than 20,000 miles over four continents and go through every stage of the process,from coming up with a design to assembling mock T-shirts in a simulated garment factory.Get ready!DoSomething .orgApril Wright,Director,International ProgramsJanice Tsai ,International Associate(Ballroom B)10 Social Change Ways Make You a BallerThis session will expose the myth that being a social changemaker makes you a self-important ahiever.Instead, we”ll highlight the 10 ways being a social changermaker which will make you probably a baller.How ?We”ll share real examples of young people across the globe that are making a difference —big and small—in their communities.EdenWorksIrving Steel,International Liaison Officers ,TCS Education System and Advisor at Edenworks Wang Zongying,Executive Director of the Women’s CEO Network of ChinaPatrick Woock,Co-Founder of the the International Entrepreneur InstituteIs Aquaponics the Future of Food?Welcome to the future of the food!Aquaponics responds to the growing need for sustainable methods of food production by taking two practices,pairing the production of the fish and plants together and connecting them through an eco-system to create environmental efficiency ; Aquaponics uses only 10 percent of water compared to traditional agriculture and yields 2-3 times the amount of food,without the use of chemicals and pesticides(农药).The U.S. and China use roughly half of all chemical fertilizer in the world for food production.Imagine the possibilities.70.Each expert workshop _______ .A.runs only once on Monday afternoonsts about two or three hours a timeC.is hosted by two experts in different fieldsD.is held in a separate ballroom71.The workshop in Ballroom A is aimed to help the participants _______ .A.study the global economy through the lens of the T-shirtB.start the journey of a typical factory around the worldC.meet the people that make the clothes which we wearD.go through every stage of assembling mock T-shirts72.Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the workshop in Ballroom B?A.April Wright and Janice Tsai will host the workshop.B.This workshop will expose the myth of a social changemaker.C.The hosts will share some real examples of young people over the world.D.You’ll learn about some big and small differences made in some communities.73.“Aquaponics”mentioned in the last workshop probably refers to _______ .A.the importance of future foodB.a traditional agriculture methodC.an eco-system for food productionD.a test on chemicals and pesticides（C）The late 1980s found the landscape of popular music in America dominated by a distinctive style of rock and roll known as glam rock or hair metal—so called because of the over-styled hair, makeup, and clothes worn by the style’s shining rockers. Bands like Poison, Whitesnake, and Motley Crue popularized glam rock with their power songs and flashy style, but the product had worn thin by the early 1990s. Just as superficial as the 80s, glam rockers were shallow, short on substance, and musically inferior.In 1991, a Seattle-based band called Nirvana shocked the corporate music industry with the release of its first single,“Smells Like Teen Spirit,”which quickly became a huge hit all over the world. Nirvana had simply mainstreamed a sound and culture that got its start years before with bands like Mudhoney, Soundgarden, and Green River. Grunge（垃圾）rockers derived their fashionsense from the youth culture of the Pacific Northwest: a mixing of Punk rock style and outdoors clothing like heavy boots, worn out jeans, and so on. At the height of the movement’s opportunity, when other Seattle bands like Pearl Jam and Alice in Chains were becoming popular, the trappings of grunge were working their way to the height of American fashion. Like the music, the teenagers were fast to accept the grunge fashion because it represented rebellion against shallow pop culture.The popularity of grunge music was momentary; by the mid-to late-1990s, its influence upon American culture had all but disappeared, and most of its recognizable bands were nowhere to be seen to the charts. The heavy sound and themes of grunge were replaced on the radio waves by boy bands like the Backstreet Boys, and the bubblegum pop of Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera.There are many reasons why the Seattle sound faded out of the mainstream as quickly as it rocketed to distinction, but the most glaring reason lies at the rebellion, anti-establishment heart of the grunge movement itself. It is very hard to resist the trend when you are the one setting it, and many of the grunge bands were never comfortable with the fame that was brought to them. Eventually, the simple fact that many grunge bands were so against mainstream rock stardom（明星地位）took the movement back to where it started: underground. The fickle American mainstream public, as quick as they were to hop on to the grunge bandwagon, were just as quick to hop off and move on to something else.74. Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph?A. The landscape of popular music was dominated by rock and roll from 1980.B. The rock and roll formed a distinctive style just because of the over-styled hair.C. Glam rock became popular with the help of Poison, Whitesnake and BritneySpears.D. Glam rockers were shallow, short on substance, and their music was humble.75. It was not long before teenagers welcomed grunge fashion because________.A. it would represent the youth cultureB. grunge rockers told them to accept itC. they were tired of Glam Rock fashionD. it resisted the shallowness of pop culture76. What is the difference between glam rock and grunge rock?A. Glam rock was flashier, while grunge rock was rebellious.B. Glam rock appealed to teenagers, while grunge rock appealed to adults.C. Glam rock faded quickly, while grunge rock is still popular.D. Glam rock was more commercially successful than grunge rock.77. What is the writer trying to document in this passage?A. The popularity of glam rock.B. Nirvana’s role in popularizing grunge rock.C. The rise and fall of grunge rock.D. The reasons why young people loved grunge rock.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.By the mid-19th century most of Europe was in the first stage of the demographic（人口的）transition. Death rate had decreased, as wars, famines（饥荒）and diseases had; local foodshortages were rarer, thanks to better economic organization and transport; public health, medical care and the control of infectious diseases had improved. The population increased rapidly, as Malthus had predicted. Between 1800 and 1900 Europe’s population doubled, to over 400 million, whereas that of Asia, further behind in the demographic transition, increased by less than 50%, to about 950Million.But something else was happening there that would have taken Malthus by surprise: as people came to expect to live longer, and better, they started to have fewer children. They realized they no longer needed several babies just to ensure that two or three would survive. And as they moved from country to town, they also found that children were no longer an economic property that could be set to work at an early age, but a responsibility to be fed, housed and (some of them)educated, for years. Worse, with too many children, a mother would find it hard to take and keep a job, to add to the family income. Nor were the young any longer a guarantee against a poor old age: in the new industrial society, they were likelier to go their own way.Thanks to Europe’s newborn limitation, in the past 100 years or so its population has risen only 80%, to 730 million, and most countries’birth rate is now so low that numbers are unchanging or falling. But their composition is very different from the past: better living standards, health condition and medical treatment are multiplying old heads, even as the number of young ones shrinks.In contrast, Asia’s population over the same time has nearly increased four times, to more than 3.6 billion. North America’s too has grown almost as fast, but largely thanks to immigration. Africa’s has multiplied 5 times, and Latin America’s nearly sevenfold.Why these differences? From around 1950, death rate in developing countries also began to fall, and much faster than it ever had in Europe. The knowledge about how to avoid premature death of small children travelled so readily that life expectancy in many poor countries is now not far behind the rich world’s. But the attitudes and values that persuade people to have fewer children are taking longer to adjust.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS) 78. What prediction did Malthus make?79.Give one reason to explain why people started to have fewer children according to paragraph 2.80. Besides medical treatment, __________are the other two factors that contribute to the increasing number of old people.81.Why has the population in developing countries increased faster than it has in Europe in the last century?Translation:Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets. 82.这个协议将为两国的合作铺平道路。

黄浦区2017-2018学年度第一学期高中教学质量检测高三数学试卷一、填空题（本大题共有12题，满分54分.其中第1～6题每题满分54分，第7～12题每题满分54分）1．已知全集U=R ，集合{}1|||1|2A x x B x x ⎧⎫=<=>-⎨⎬⎩⎭，，则U (C )BA = ．2．函数()f x 的定义域是 ．3．若复数z 满足（i 为虚数单位），则z= ． 4．已知sin （α+）=，α∈（﹣，0），则tan α= ．5．若无穷等比数列中任意一项均等于其之后所有项的和，则其公比为 ． 6．若函数y=a+sinx 在区间[π，2π]上有且只有一个零点，则a= ． 7．已知向量（x ，y ∈R ），，若x 2+y 2=1，则的最大值为 ．8．已知函数y=f （x ）是奇函数，且当x ≥0时，f （x ）=log 2（x+1）．若函数y=g （x ）是y=f （x ）的反函数，则g （﹣3）= ．9．已知 R,,m n m n αβαβ∈<<、、、，若αβ、是函数()2()()7f x x m x n =---的零点，则m n αβ、、、四个数按从小到大的顺序是 (用符号<“”连接起来)．10．已知点O ，A ，B ，F 分别为椭圆的中心、左顶点、上顶点、右焦点，过点F 作OB 的平行线，它与椭圆C 在第一象限部分交于点P ，若，则实数λ的值为 ．11．已知R x ∈，定义：()A x 表示不小于x 的最小整数．如2,(0.4)0,A A =-= ( 1.1)1A -=- .若(2())5A x A x ⋅=，则正实数x 的取值范围是 ． 12．已知点M （m ，0），m ＞0和抛物线C ：y 2=4x ．过C 的焦点F 的直线与C 交于A ，B 两点，若=2，且||=||，则m= ．二、选择题（本大题共有4题，满分20分．） 13．若x ∈R ，则“x ＞1”是“”的（ ）PA ．充分非必要条件B ．必要非充分条件C ．充要条件D ．既非充分也非必要条件14．已知向量(3,4)a =-，则下列能使12(R)a e e λμλμ=+∈、成立的一组向量12,e e 是 ( )．A ．12(0,0)(1,2)e e ==-，B ．12(1,3)(2,6)e e =-=-，C ．12(1,2)(3,1)e e =-=-，D ．121(,1)(1,2)2e e =-=-， 15．一个算法的程序框图如右图所示，则该程序运行后输出的值是( )．A ．4B ． 5C ． 6D ． 716．已知a 1，a 2，a 3，a 4是各项均为正数的等差数列，其公差d 大于零，若线段l 1，l 2，l 3，l 4的长分别为a 1，a 2，a 3，a 4，则（ ） A ．对任意的d ，均存在以l 1，l 2，l 3为三边的三角形 B ．对任意的d ，均不存在以为l 1，l 2，l 3三边的三角形 C ．对任意的d ，均存在以l 2，l 3，l 4为三边的三角形 D ．对任意的d ，均不存在以l 2，l 3，l 4为三边的三角形三、解答题（本大题共有5题，满分76分．）17．(本题满分12分)本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分6分． 在长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中，14,3AB AA BC ===，E F 、分别是所在棱AB BC 、的中点，点P 是棱11A B 上的动点，联结1,EF AC ．如图所示．(1)求异面直线1EF AC 、所成角的大小(用反三角函数值表示)(2)求以E F A P 、、、为顶点的三棱锥的体积．18. (本题满分12分)本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分6分. 如图，已知点A 是单位圆上一点，且位于第一象限，以x 轴的正半轴为始边，OA 为终边的角设为α，将OA 绕坐标原点逆时针旋转至OB ．（1）用α表示A ，B 两点的坐标；（2）M 为x 轴上异于O 的点，若MA⊥MB，求点M 横坐标的取值范围．19．(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分7分，第2小题满分7分． 已知函数101(),R 101xx g x x -=∈+，函数()y f x =是函数()y g x =的反函数．(1)求函数()y f x =的解析式，并写出定义域D ； (2)设1()()h x f x x=-，若函数()y h x =在区间(0,1)内的图像是不间断的光滑曲线，求证：函数()y h x =在区间(1,0)-内必有唯一的零点(假设为t )，且112t -<<-．20．(本题满分18分)本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分7分，第3小题满分7分．定义：若各项为正实数的数列{}n a 满足*1N )n a n +∈，则称数列{}n a 为“算术平方根递推数列”.已知数列{}n x 满足*0N ,n x n >∈，且19,2x =点1(,)n n x x +在二次函数2()22f x x x=+的图像上. (1)试判断数列{}21n x +*(N )n ∈是否为算术平方根递推数列？若是，请说明你的理由； (2)记lg(21)n n y x =+*(N )n ∈，求证：数列{}n y 是等比数列，并求出通项公式n y ； (3)从数列{}n y 中依据某种顺序自左至右取出其中的项123,,,n n n y y y ，把这些项重新组成一个新数列{}n z ：123123,z ,z ,n n n z y y y ===.若数列{}n z 是首项为111()2m z -=、公比为*1(,N )2k q m k =∈的无穷等比数列，且数列{}n z 各项的和为1663，求正整数k m 、的值．21．(本题满分18分)本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分8分． 已知椭圆Γ：+=1（a ＞b ＞0），过原点的两条直线l 1和l 2分别与Γ交于点A 、B和C 、D ，得到平行四边形ACBD ．（1）当ACBD 为正方形时，求该正方形的面积S ；（2）若直线l 1和l 2关于y 轴对称，Γ上任意一点P 到l 1和l 2的距离分别为d 1和d 2，当d 12+d 22为定值时，求此时直线l 1和l 2的斜率及该定值．（3）当ACBD 为菱形，且圆x 2+y 2=1内切于菱形ACBD 时，求a ，b 满足的关系式．黄浦区2017-2018学年度第一学期高中教学质量检测高三数学试卷（答案）一、 填空题（本大题共有12题，满分54分.其中第1～6题每题满分54分，第7～12题每题满分54分）1．1(1,]2--；2．(1,)+?； 3. 1+2i ； 4. ﹣2； 5. ； 6. 1； 7. ； 8. ﹣7；9．m n a b <<<；10.11.514x <≤12.二、选择题（本大题共有4题，满分20分．）13.A14.C15.A16.C三、解答题（本大题共有5题，满分76分．）17．(本题满分12分)本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分６分，第2小题满分６分． 解(1)联结AC ，在长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中，有AC EF .又1CAC ∠是直角三角形1ACC 的一个锐角，∴1CAC ∠就是异面直线1AC EF 与所成的角.由14,3AB AA BC ===，可算得5AC ==.∴114tan 5CC CAC AC ∠==，即异面直线1AC EF 与所成角的大小为4arctan 5. (2)由题意可知，点P 到底面ABCD 的距离与棱1AA 的长相等．∴113P AEF AEF V S AA -∆=⋅． ∵113322222AEF S AE BF ∆=⋅=⋅⋅=，∴1113=4=2332P AEF AEF V S AA -∆=⋅⋅⋅．18. (本题满分12分)本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分6分. 解：（1）点A 是单位圆上一点，且位于第一象限，以x 轴的正半轴为始边，OA 为终边的角设为α，可得A （cos α，sin α），将OA 绕坐标原点逆时针旋转至OB ．可得B （cos （），sin （）），即B （﹣sin α，cos α）． （2）设M （x ，0），x ≠0， =（cos α﹣x ，sin α），=（﹣sin α﹣x ，cos α）．MA ⊥MB ，可得（cos α﹣x ）（﹣sin α﹣x ）+sin αcos α=0． xsin α﹣xcos α+x 2=0， 可得﹣x=sin α﹣cos α=sin （）∈[﹣，]．综上x ∈[﹣，0）∪（0，]． 点M 横坐标的取值范围：[﹣，0）∪（0，]．19．(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分7分，第2小题满分7分．解(1) 1012()1,R 101101x xx g x x -==-∈++， ()1g x ∴<.又1011x +>，2211110101x∴->-=-++. 1()1g x ∴-<<.由101101x x y -=+，可解得1110,lg 11xy y x y y ++==--.1()lg1xf x x+∴=-，(1,1)D =-. 证明 (2)由(1)可知，11111()()lg lg 11x xh x f x x x x x x+-=-=-=+-+.可求得函数()h x 的定义域为1(1,0)(0,1)D =-.对任意1x D ∈，有1111()()lg lg 011x xh x h x x x x x-++-=+++=+--， 所以，函数()y h x =是奇函数. 当(0,1)x ∈时，1x 在(0,1)上单调递减，12=111x x x--+++在(0,1)上单调递减，于是，1lg1xx-+在(0,1)上单调递减. 因此，函数()y h x =在(0,1)上单调递减. 依据奇函数的性质，可知，函数()y h x =在(1,0)-上单调递减，且在(1,0)-上的图像也是不间断的光滑曲线. 又199100100()2lg 30,()lg1992021009999h h -=-+<-=-+>->, 所以，函数()y h x =在区间(1,0)-上有且仅有唯一零点t ，且112t -<<-. 20．(本题满分18分)本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分7分，第3小题满分7分．解(1)答：数列{}21n x +是算术平方根递推数列.理由：1(,)n n x x +点在函数2()22f x x x =+的图像上，21122,n n n x x x ++∴=+ 21121441n n n x x x +++=++即，2121(21)n n x x ++=+.又*0,N n x n >∈，∴*121n x n N ++=∈．∴数列{}21n x +是算术平方根递推数列. 证明(2) *1lg(21),21N n n n y x x n +=++=∈，112n n yy +∴=. 又1119lg(21)1()2y x x =+==,∴数列{}n y 是首项为11y =,公比12q =的等比数列.1*11(),N 2n n y y n -∴=⋅∈.(3)由题意可知，无穷等比数列{}z n 的首项1112m z -=,公比*1(N )2k k m k m ∈、且、为常数， 1116216312m k-∴=- ． 化简，得116631622k m -+=．若13m -≥，则1166316631663++16222828k m k -+≤≤<.这是矛盾！ 12m ∴-≤. 又101m -=或时，116631622k m -+>, ∴ 12,3m m -==即. 166316,264,624kk k ∴=-==解得. 3,6.m k =⎧∴⎨=⎩ 21．(本题满分18分)本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分8分．解：（1）∵ACBD 为正方形，∴直线l 1和l 2的方程为y=x 和y=﹣x ， 设点A 、B 的坐标为（x 1，y 1）、（x 2，y 2），解方程组，得==，由对称性可知，S=4=；（2）由题意，不妨设直线l 1的方程为y=kx ，则直线l 2的方程为y=﹣kx ， 设P （x 0，y 0），则+=1，又∵d 1=，d 2=，∴+=+=，将=b 2（1﹣）代入上式，得+=，∵d12+d22为定值，∴k2﹣=0，即k=±，于是直线l1和l2的斜率分别为和﹣，此时+=；（3）设AC与圆x2+y2=1相切的切点坐标为（x0，y0），则切线AC的方程为：x0x+y0y=1，点A、C的坐标为（x1，y1）、（x2，y2）为方程组的实数解．①当x0=0或y0=0时，ACBD均为正方形，椭圆均过点（1，1），于是有+=1；②当x0≠0或y0≠0时，将y=（1﹣x0x）代入+=1，整理得：（a2+b2）x2﹣2a2x0x﹣a2（1+b2）=0，由韦达定理可知x1x2=，同理可知y1y2=，∵ACBD为菱形，∴AO⊥CO，即x1x2+y1y2=0，∴+=0，整理得：a2+b2=a2b2（+），又∵+=1，∴a2+b2=a2b2，即+=1；综上所述，a，b满足的关系式为+=1．。

2018年上海市黄浦区高考数学一模试卷一、填空题（本大题共有12题，满分36分.其中第1～6题每题满分36分，第7～12题每题满分36分）1．（3分）已知全集U=R，集合，则（∁U B）∩A=．2．（3分）函数的定义域是．3．（3分）若复数z满足（i为虚数单位），则z=．4．（3分）已知sin（α+）=，α∈（﹣，0），则tanα=．5．（3分）若无穷等比数列中任意一项均等于其之后所有项的和，则其公比为．6．（3分）若函数y=a+sinx在区间[π，2π]上有且只有一个零点，则a=．7．（3分）已知向量=（x，y）（x，y∈R），=（1，2），若x2+y2=1，则|﹣|的最小值为．8．（3分）已知函数y=f（x）是奇函数，且当x≥0时，f（x）=log2（x+1）．若函数y=g（x）是y=f（x）的反函数，则g（﹣3）=．9．（3分）已知m，n，α，β∈R，m＜n，α＜β，若α，β是函数f（x）=2（x﹣m）（x﹣n）﹣7的零点，则m，n，α，β四个数按从小到大的顺序是（用符号“＜“连接起来）．10．（3分）已知点O，A，B，F分别为椭圆的中心、左顶点、上顶点、右焦点，过点F作OB的平行线，它与椭圆C在第一象限部分交于点P，若，则实数λ的值为．11．（3分）已知x∈R，定义：A（x）表示不小于x的最小整数．如，A （﹣1.1）=﹣1．若A（2x•A（x））=5，则正实数x的取值范围是．12．（3分）已知点M（m，0），m＞0和抛物线C：y2=4x．过C的焦点F的直线与C交于A，B两点，若=2，且||=||，则m=．二、选择题（本大题共有4题，满分12分．）13．（3分）若x∈R，则“x＞1”是“”的（）A．充分非必要条件 B．必要非充分条件C．充要条件D．既非充分也非必要条件14．（3分）已知向量，则下列能使成立的一组向量是（）A．B．C．D．15．（3分）一个算法的程序框图如图所示，则该程序运行后输出的值是（）A．4 B．5 C．6 D．716．（3分）已知a1，a2，a3，a4是各项均为正数的等差数列，其公差d大于零，若线段l1，l2，l3，l4的长分别为a1，a2，a3，a4，则（）A．对任意的d，均存在以l1，l2，l3为三边的三角形B．对任意的d，均不存在以为l1，l2，l3三边的三角形C．对任意的d，均存在以l2，l3，l4为三边的三角形D．对任意的d，均不存在以l2，l3，l4为三边的三角形三、解答题（本大题共有5题，满分74分．）17．（12分）在长方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中，AB=AA1=4，BC=3，E，F分别是所在棱AB，BC的中点，点P是棱A1B1上的动点，联结EF，AC1．如图所示．（1）求异面直线EF，AC1所成角的大小（用反三角函数值表示）；（2）求以E，F，A，P为顶点的三棱锥的体积．18．（12分）如图，已知点A是单位圆上一点，且位于第一象限，以x轴的正半轴为始边，OA为终边的角设为α，将OA绕坐标原点逆时针旋转至OB．（1）用α表示A，B两点的坐标；（2）M为x轴上异于O的点，若MA⊥MB，求点M横坐标的取值范围．19．（14分）已知函数g（x）=，x∈R，函数y=f（x）是函数y=g（x）的反函数．（1）求函数y=f（x）的解析式，并写出定义域D；（2）设h（x）=，若函数y=h（x）在区间（0，1）内的图象是不间断的光滑曲线，求证：函数y=h（x）在区间（﹣1，0）内必有唯一的零点（假设为t），且﹣1．20．（18分）（理科）定义：若各项为正实数的数列{a n}满足，则称数列{a n}为“算术平方根递推数列”．，x n）在二次函数f（x）=2x2+2x的图象已知数列{x n}满足，且，点（x n+1上．（1）试判断数列{2x n+1}（n∈N*）是否为算术平方根递推数列？若是，请说明你的理由；（2）记y n=lg（2x n+1）（n∈N*），求证：数列{y n}是等比数列，并求出通项公式y n；（3）从数列{y n}中依据某种顺序自左至右取出其中的项，把这些项重新组成一个新数列{z n}：．若数列{z n}是首项为、公比为的无穷等比数列，且数列{z n}各项的和为，求正整数k、m的值．21．（18分）已知椭圆Γ：+=1（a＞b＞0），过原点的两条直线l1和l2分别与Γ交于点A、B和C、D，得到平行四边形ACBD．（1）当ACBD为正方形时，求该正方形的面积S；（2）若直线l1和l2关于y轴对称，Γ上任意一点P到l1和l2的距离分别为d1和d2，当d12+d22为定值时，求此时直线l1和l2的斜率及该定值．（3）当ACBD为菱形，且圆x2+y2=1内切于菱形ACBD时，求a，b满足的关系式．2018年上海市黄浦区高考数学一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、填空题（本大题共有12题，满分36分.其中第1～6题每题满分36分，第7～12题每题满分36分）1．（3分）已知全集U=R，集合，则（∁U B）∩A={x|﹣1＜x≤} ．【解答】解：A={x|﹣1＜x＜1}，∁U B={x|x≤}，则（∁U B）∩A={x|﹣1＜x≤}，故答案为：{x|﹣1＜x≤}，2．（3分）函数的定义域是（1，+∞）．【解答】解：要使函数有意义，需满足解得x＞1故答案为：（1，+∞）3．（3分）若复数z满足（i为虚数单位），则z=1+2i．【解答】解：由，得z=1+2i．故答案为：1+2i．4．（3分）已知sin（α+）=，α∈（﹣，0），则tanα=﹣2．【解答】解：∵sin（α+）=cosα，sin（α+）=，∴cosα=，又α∈（﹣，0），∴sinα=﹣，∴tanα==﹣2．故答案为：﹣2．5．（3分）若无穷等比数列中任意一项均等于其之后所有项的和，则其公比为．【解答】解：设数列中的任意一项为a，由无穷等比数列中的每一项都等于它后面所有各项的和，得a=，即1﹣q=q∴q=．故答案为：．6．（3分）若函数y=a+sinx在区间[π，2π]上有且只有一个零点，则a=1．【解答】解：作函数y=sinx在区间[π，2π]上的图象如下，，结合图象可知，若函数y=a+sinx在区间[π，2π]上有且只有一个零点，则a﹣1=0，故a=1；故答案为：1．7．（3分）已知向量=（x，y）（x，y∈R），=（1，2），若x2+y2=1，则|﹣|的最小值为﹣1．【解答】解：设O（0，0），P（1，2），∴|﹣|=≥||﹣1=﹣1=﹣1，∴|﹣|的最小值为﹣18．（3分）已知函数y=f（x）是奇函数，且当x≥0时，f（x）=log2（x+1）．若函数y=g（x）是y=f（x）的反函数，则g（﹣3）=﹣7．【解答】解：∵反函数与原函数具有相同的奇偶性．∴g（﹣3）=﹣g（3），∵反函数的定义域是原函数的值域，∴log2（x+1）=3，解得：x=7，即g（3）=7，故得g（﹣3）=﹣7．故答案为：﹣7．9．（3分）已知m，n，α，β∈R，m＜n，α＜β，若α，β是函数f（x）=2（x﹣m）（x﹣n）﹣7的零点，则m，n，α，β四个数按从小到大的顺序是α＜m＜n＜β（用符号“＜“连接起来）．【解答】解：∵α、β是函数f（x）=2（x﹣m）（x﹣n）﹣7的零点，∴α、β是函数y=2（x﹣m）（x﹣n）与函数y=7的交点的横坐标，且m、n是函数y=2（x﹣m）（x﹣n）与x轴的交点的横坐标，故由二次函数的图象可知，α＜m＜n＜β；故答案为：α＜m＜n＜β．10．（3分）已知点O，A，B，F分别为椭圆的中心、左顶点、上顶点、右焦点，过点F作OB的平行线，它与椭圆C在第一象限部分交于点P，若，则实数λ的值为．【解答】解：如图，A（﹣a，0），B（0，b），F（c，0），则P（c，），∴，，由，得，即b=c，∴a2=b2+c2=2b2，．则．故答案为：．11．（3分）已知x∈R，定义：A（x）表示不小于x的最小整数．如，A（﹣1.1）=﹣1．若A（2x•A（x））=5，则正实数x的取值范围是（1，] ．【解答】解：当A（x）=1时，0＜x≤1，可得4＜2x≤5，得2＜x≤，矛盾，故A（x）≠1，当A（x）=2时，1＜x≤2，可得4＜4x≤5，得1＜x≤，符合题意，故A（x）=2，当A（x）=3时，2＜x≤3，可得4＜6x≤5，得＜x≤，矛盾，故A（x）≠3，由此可知，当A（x）≥4时也不合题意，故A（x）=2∴正实数x的取值范围是（1，]故答案为：（1，]12．（3分）已知点M（m，0），m＞0和抛物线C：y2=4x．过C的焦点F的直线与C交于A，B两点，若=2，且||=||，则m=．【解答】解：由题意可知：F（1，0），由抛物线定义可知A（x1，y1），可知B（x2，y2），∵=2，可得：2（x2﹣1，y2）=（1﹣x1，﹣y1），可得y2=﹣，x2=，，解得x1=2，y1=±2．||=||，可得|m﹣1|=，解得m=．故答案为：．二、选择题（本大题共有4题，满分12分．）13．（3分）若x∈R，则“x＞1”是“”的（）A．充分非必要条件 B．必要非充分条件C．充要条件D．既非充分也非必要条件【解答】解：由x＞1，一定能得到得到＜1，但当＜1时，不能推出x＞1 （如x=﹣1时），故x＞1是＜1 的充分不必要条件，故选：A．14．（3分）已知向量，则下列能使成立的一组向量是（）A．B．C．D．【解答】解：作为基底不共线即可，共线，共线，不共线，共线，故选C．15．（3分）一个算法的程序框图如图所示，则该程序运行后输出的值是（）A．4 B．5 C．6 D．7【解答】解：模拟执行程序框图，可得k=0，S=0满足条件S＜1000，S=1，k=1满足条件S＜1000，S=1+2=3，k=2满足条件S＜1000，S=1+2+23=11，k=3满足条件S＜1000，S=1+2+23+211，k=4不满足条件S＜1000，退出循环，输出k的值为4．故选：A．16．（3分）已知a1，a2，a3，a4是各项均为正数的等差数列，其公差d大于零，若线段l1，l2，l3，l4的长分别为a1，a2，a3，a4，则（）A．对任意的d，均存在以l1，l2，l3为三边的三角形B．对任意的d，均不存在以为l1，l2，l3三边的三角形C．对任意的d，均存在以l2，l3，l4为三边的三角形D．对任意的d，均不存在以l2，l3，l4为三边的三角形【解答】解：A：对任意的d，假设均存在以l1，l2，l3为三边的三角形，∵a1，a2，a3，a4是各项均为正数的等差数列，其公差d大于零，∴a2+a3＞a1，a3+a1=2a2＞a2，而a1+a2﹣a3=a1﹣d不一定大于0，因此不一定存在以为l1，l2，l3三边的三角形，故不正确；B：由A可知：当a1﹣d＞0时，存在以为l1，l2，l3三边的三角形，因此不正确；C：对任意的d，由于a3+a4，＞a2，a2+a4=2a1+4d=a1+2d+a3＞0，a2+a3﹣a4=a1＞0，因此均存在以l2，l3，l4为三边的三角形，正确；D．由C可知不正确．故选：C．三、解答题（本大题共有5题，满分74分．）17．（12分）在长方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中，AB=AA1=4，BC=3，E，F分别是所在棱AB，BC的中点，点P是棱A1B1上的动点，联结EF，AC1．如图所示．（1）求异面直线EF，AC1所成角的大小（用反三角函数值表示）；（2）求以E，F，A，P为顶点的三棱锥的体积．【解答】（本题满分12分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分（6分），第2小题满分（6分）．解：（1）联结AC，在长方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中，有AC∥EF．又∠CAC1是直角三角形ACC1的一个锐角，∴∠CAC1就是异面直线EF，AC1所成的角．由AB=AA1=4，BC=3，得AC==5．∴tan∠CAC1==，即异面直线EF，AC1所成角为arctan．（2）由题意可知，点P到底面ABCD的距离与棱AA1的长相等．∵，∴=．18．（12分）如图，已知点A是单位圆上一点，且位于第一象限，以x轴的正半轴为始边，OA为终边的角设为α，将OA绕坐标原点逆时针旋转至OB．（1）用α表示A，B两点的坐标；（2）M为x轴上异于O的点，若MA⊥MB，求点M横坐标的取值范围．【解答】解：（1）点A是单位圆上一点，且位于第一象限，以x轴的正半轴为始边，OA为终边的角设为α，α∈（0，）可得A（cosα，sinα），将OA绕坐标原点逆时针旋转至OB．可得B（cos（），sin（）），即B（﹣sinα，cosα）．（2）设M（x，0），x≠0，=（cosα﹣x，sinα），=（﹣sinα﹣x，cosα）．MA⊥MB，可得（cosα﹣x）（﹣sinα﹣x）+sinαcosα=0．xsinα﹣xcosα+x2=0，可得﹣x=sinα﹣cosα=sin（）∈（﹣1，1）．综上x∈（﹣1，0）∪（0，1）．点M横坐标的取值范围：（﹣1，0）∪（0，1）．19．（14分）已知函数g（x）=，x∈R，函数y=f（x）是函数y=g（x）的反函数．（1）求函数y=f（x）的解析式，并写出定义域D；（2）设h（x）=，若函数y=h（x）在区间（0，1）内的图象是不间断的光滑曲线，求证：函数y=h（x）在区间（﹣1，0）内必有唯一的零点（假设为t），且﹣1．【解答】（本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分（7分），第2小题满分（7分）．解：（1）∵函数g（x）==1﹣，∴g（x）∈（﹣1，1）．令y=g（x）=1﹣，则=1﹣y，即，即x=，∴f（x）=，x∈（﹣1，1）．证明：（2）由（1）可知，h（x）==﹣，x∈（﹣1，0）∪（0，1）．∵h（﹣x）+h（x）=﹣﹣+﹣=0，所以，函数h（x）是奇函数．当x∈（0，1）时，单调递减，=﹣1+单调递减，于是单调递减．因此，函数h（x）单调递减．依据奇函数的性质，可知，函数h（x）在（﹣1，0）上单调递减．又∵h（﹣）=﹣2+lg3＜0，h（﹣）=﹣+lg199＞0，所以，函数h（x）在区间（﹣1，0）上有且仅有唯一零点t，且﹣1．20．（18分）（理科）定义：若各项为正实数的数列{a n}满足，则称数列{a n}为“算术平方根递推数列”．，x n）在二次函数f（x）=2x2+2x的图象已知数列{x n}满足，且，点（x n+1上．（1）试判断数列{2x n+1}（n∈N*）是否为算术平方根递推数列？若是，请说明你的理由；（2）记y n=lg（2x n+1）（n∈N*），求证：数列{y n}是等比数列，并求出通项公式y n；（3）从数列{y n}中依据某种顺序自左至右取出其中的项，把这些项重新组成一个新数列{z n}：．若数列{z n}是首项为、公比为的无穷等比数列，且数列{z n}各项的和为，求正整数k、m的值．【解答】解：（1）数列{2x n+1}（n∈N*）是否为算术平方根递推数列，证明如下：，x n）在二次函数f（x）=2x2+2x的图象上，∵点（x n+1∴x n=2x n+12+2x n+1，+1）2，∴2x n+1=（2x n+1∵x n＞0，n∈N*，∴2x n+1=，+1∴数列{2x n+1}（n∈N*）是否为算术平方根递推数列；（2）∵y n=lg（2x n+1），2x n+1+1=，=y n，∴y n+1∵y1=lg（2x1+1）=1，∴数列{y n}是首项为1，公比为等比数列，∴通项公式y n=（）n﹣1（3）由题意可得数列{z n}的首项为，公比为，∴=，∴+=16，若m﹣1≥3，则+≤+＜+＜16，矛盾，∴m﹣1≤2，∵m﹣1=0或1时，+＞16，∴m﹣1=2，∴m=3，∴k=6．21．（18分）已知椭圆Γ：+=1（a＞b＞0），过原点的两条直线l1和l2分别与Γ交于点A、B和C、D，得到平行四边形ACBD．（1）当ACBD为正方形时，求该正方形的面积S；（2）若直线l1和l2关于y轴对称，Γ上任意一点P到l1和l2的距离分别为d1和d2，当d12+d22为定值时，求此时直线l1和l2的斜率及该定值．（3）当ACBD为菱形，且圆x2+y2=1内切于菱形ACBD时，求a，b满足的关系式．【解答】解：（1）∵ACBD为正方形，∴直线l1和l2的方程为y=x和y=﹣x，设点A、B的坐标为（x1，y1）、（x2，y2），解方程组，得==，由对称性可知，S=4=；（2）由题意，不妨设直线l1的方程为y=kx，则直线l2的方程为y=﹣kx，设P（x0，y0），则+=1，又∵d1=，d2=，∴+=+=，水秀中华将=b2（1﹣）代入上式，得+=，∵d12+d22为定值，∴k2﹣=0，即k=±，于是直线l1和l2的斜率分别为和﹣，此时+=；（3）设AC与圆x2+y2=1相切的切点坐标为（x0，y0），则切线AC的方程为：x0x+y0y=1，点A、C的坐标为（x1，y1）、（x2，y2）为方程组的实数解．①当x0=0或y0=0时，ACBD均为正方形，椭圆均过点（1，1），于是有+=1；②当x0≠0或y0≠0时，将y=（1﹣x0x）代入+=1，整理得：（a2+b2）x2﹣2a2x0x﹣a2（1+b2）=0，由韦达定理可知x1x2=，同理可知y1y2=，∵ACBD为菱形，∴AO⊥CO，即x1x2+y1y2=0，∴+=0，整理得：a2+b2=a2b2（+），又∵+=1，水秀中华∴a2+b2=a2b2，即+=1；综上所述，a，b满足的关系式为+=1．。

上海市黄浦区2018届高三一模数学试卷2018.01一. 填空题（本大题共12题，1-6每题4分，7-12每题5分，共54分） 1. 已知全集U =R ，集合{||1|1}A x x =->，3{|0}1x B x x -=<+，则()U C A B =2. 已知角θ的顶点在坐标原点，始边与x 轴的正半轴重合，若角θ的终边落在第三象限内，且3cos()25πθ+=，则cos 2θ=3. 已知幂函数的图像过点1(2,)4，则该幂函数的单调递增区间是4. 若n S 是等差数列{}n a （n ∈*N ）：1,2,5,8,-⋅⋅⋅的前n 项和，则2lim 1n n Sn →∞=+5.23π的扇形，则该圆锥体的体积是6. 过点(2,1)P -作圆225x y +=的切线，则该切线的点法向式方程是7. 已知二项式展开式7270127(12)x a a x a x a x -=+++⋅⋅⋅+，且复数7112128a z a i =+，则 复数z 的模||z = （其中i 是虚数单位）8. 若关于x 、y 的二元一次线性方程组111222a x b y c a x b y c +=⎧⎨+=⎩的增广矩阵是1302m n ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，且11x y =⎧⎨=-⎩是该线性方程组的解，则三阶行列式1010321m n -中第3行第2列元素的代数 余子式的值是9. 某高级中学欲从本校的7位古诗词爱好者（其中男生2人、女生5人）中随机选取3名同学作为学校诗词朗读比赛的主持人，若要求主持人中至少有一位是男同学，则不同选取方法的种数是 （结果用数值表示）10. 已知ABC ∆的三个内角A 、B 、C 所对边长分别为a 、b 、c ，记ABC ∆的面积为S ， 若22()S a b c =--，则内角A = （结果用反三角函数值表示） 11. 已知函数1()||||1f x x =-，关于x 的方程2()()0f x bf x c ++=有7个不同实数根， 则实数b 、c 满足的关系式是12. 已知正六边形ABCDEF （顶点的字母依次按逆时针顺序确定）的边长为1，点P 是CDE ∆内（含边界）的动点，设AP x AB yAF =⋅+（,x y R ∈），则x y +的取值范围是二. 选择题（本大题共4题，每题5分，共20分）13. 已知α、β是空间两个不同的平面，则“平面α上存在不共线的三点到平面β的距离相等”是“α∥β”的（ ）A. 充分非必要条件B. 必要非充分条件C. 充要条件D. 非充分非必要条件14. 为了得到函数sin3cos3y x x =+（x R ∈）的图像，可以将函数y x =的图像 （ ） A. 向右平移4π个单位 B. 向左平移4π个单位 C. 向右平移12π个单位 D. 向左平移12π个单位15. 用数学归纳法证明11111112324n n n n n +++⋅⋅⋅+≥++++（*n N ∈）时，由n k =到1n k =+时，不等式左边应添加的项是（ ）A.121k + B. 11211k k -++ C. 112122k k +++ D. 112122k k -++ 16. 已知函数12x y +=的图像与函数()y f x =的图像关于直线0x y +=对称，则函数()y f x =的反函数是（ ）A. 21log ()y x =--B. 2log (1)y x =--C. 12x y -+=-D. 12x y -+=三. 解答题（本大题共5题，共14+14+14+16+18=76分）17. 已知正方体1111ABCD A B C D -的棱长为2，点E 、F 分别是所在棱11A B 、AB 的中点，点1O 是面1111A B C D 的中心，如图所示.（1）求三棱锥1O FBC -的体积1O FBC V -； （2）求异面直线1A F 与CE 所成角的大小. （结果用反三角函数值表示）18. 已知函数11()cos 222f x x =+，1()sin 2g x x x =+⋅，x R ∈. （1）若()0f a =，求(2)g a 的数值； （2）若02x π≤≤，求函数()()g()h x f x x =+的值域.19. 已知椭圆2222:1x y E a b+=（0a b >>）的右焦点为(1,0)F ，点(0,)B b 满足||2FB =.（1）求实数a 、b 的值；（2）过点F 作直线l 交椭圆E 于M 、N 两点，若BFM ∆与BFN ∆的面积之比为2，求直线l 的方程.20. 定义：若函数()f x 的定义域为R ，且存在实数a 和非零实数k (a 、k 都是常数)，使得(2)()f a x k f x -=⋅对x R ∈都成立，则称函数()f x 是具有“理想数对(,)a k ”的函数，比如，函数()f x 有理想数对(2,1)-，即(4)()f x f x -=-，(4)()0f x f x -+=，可知函数图像关于点(2,0)成中心对称图形，设集合M 是具有理想数对(,)a k 的函数的全体. （1）已知()21f x x =-，x R ∈，试判断函数()f x 是否为集合M 的元素，并说明理由； （2）已知函数()2x g x =，x R ∈，证明：()g x M ∉；（3）数对(2,1)和(1,1)-都是函数()h x 的理想数对，且当11x -≤≤时，2()1h x x =-，若正比例函数y mx =（0m >）的图像与函数()h x 的图像在区间[0,12]上有且仅有5个交点，求实数m 的取值范围.21. 定义运算“⊕”：对于任意,x y R ∈，(1)x y b x by ⊕=-+ （b R +∈）（等式的右边是通常的加减乘运算），若数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，且3n n n S a ⊕=对任意*n N ∈都成立. （1）求1a 的值，并推导出用1n a -表示n a 的解析式；（2）若3b =，令3nn n a b =（*n N ∈），证明数列{}n b 是等差数列； （3）若3b ≠，令3nn n a c =（*n N ∈），数列{}n c 满足||2n c ≤（*n N ∈），求正实数b 的取值范围.参考答案一. 填空题 1. [0,2] 2.725 3. (,0)-∞ 4. 325. 83π6. 2(2)1(1)0x y -⋅++⋅-=7. 528. 49. 25 10. 15arccos 1711. 12b c b +=-⎧⎨<-⎩（或11b c c +=-⎧⎨>⎩） 12. [3,4]二. 选择题13. B 14. D 15. D 16. C三. 解答题17．（本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分． 解 (1) 联结111BC O B OC O F 、、、，依据题意可知， 三棱锥1O FBC -的高与1AA 的长相等 因为2BC =，F 是棱AB 的中点，故1BF = 所以，11112323O FBC V BC BF AA -=⋅⋅⋅⋅=.(2) 联结EB ，又E 是棱11A B 的中点，11B E =.故1BE A F . 于是，BEC ∠就是异面直线A F 1与CE 所成的角(或补角). 可求得22115BE BB B E =+=25tan 5BEC ∠所以，异面直线A F 1与CE 所成的角的大小是2518．（本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分． 解 (1)11()cos 2,()022f x x f α=+=， ∴ 11cos 20,cos 21,sin 2022ααα+==-=．∴ 11(2)32sin 222g ααα=⋅=.(2) 依据题意，可知13()1cos 22,0.22h x x x x π=+≤≤ 于是，()1sin(2)6h x x π=++. 又02x π≤≤，可得72666x πππ≤+≤，1sin(2)126x π-≤+≤. 因此，11sin(2)226x π≤++≤. 所以函数()h x 的值域是1[,2]2.19． （本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分．解 (1) 椭圆2222:1(0)x y E a b a b+=>>的右焦点为(1,0)F ，点(0,)B b 满足||2FB =，2=，解得0)b b >.由公式222c a b =-，得2134,2(0)a a a =+==>，所以2,a b =⎧⎪⎨=⎪⎩(2) 因为直线l 过焦点F ，故直线与椭圆总交于M N 、两点.结合图形，可知，BFM BFN ∆∆与的高相同，且2BFMBFNS S ∆∆=， 即||2||FM FN =，则2FM NF =. 设1122(,)(,)M x y N x y ，，可得1122(1,)2(1,)x y x y -=--，解得12123,2.2x x y y -⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=-⎪⎩ 由221122221,43 1.43x y x y ⎧+=⎪⎪⎨⎪+=⎪⎩解得111,2x y ⎧=-⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩求得直线l的斜率4112k ==--所以，所求直线l的方程为:1)l y x =-. 20．（本题满分16分）本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分6分．解 (1)依据题意，知()21f x x =-，若(2)()f a x k f x -=⋅，即2(2)1(21)a x k x --=-. 化简得2412x a kx k -+-=-，此等式对R x ∈都成立，则22,41.k a k =-⎧⎨-=-⎩解得1,1.2k a =-⎧⎪⎨=⎪⎩于是，函数()21f x x =-有理想数对1(,1)2-. 所以，函数()f x M ∈. 证明(2) 用反证法证明()g x M ∉.假设()g x M ∈，则存在实数对(,)(0)a k k ≠使得(2)()g a x k g x -=⋅成立.又()2x g x =，于是，222a x x k -=⋅，即2222a x k =⋅.一方面，此等式对R x ∈都成立；另一方面，该等式左边是正的常数，右边是随x 变化而变化的实数. 这是矛盾！故假设不成立. 因此，函数()g x 不存在理想数对(,)(0)a k k ≠，即()g x M ∉. 解(3)数对(2,1)(1,1)-和都是函数()h x 的理想数对，(4)(),(2)(),R h x h x h x h x x ∴-=-=-∈.(4)(4(4))(2(2))(2)(4(2))(2)().h x h x h x f x h x h x h x ∴+=-+=-+=-+=---=--=∴函数()h x 是以4为周期的周期函数.由(2)(),(2)()0,R h x h x h x h x x -=--+=∈，可知函数()h x 的图像关于点(1,0)成中心对称图形. 又11x -≤≤时，2()1h x x =-.13121x x ∴<≤-≤-<时，， 则2()(2)(2)1h x h x x =--=--.先画出函数()h x 在[1,3]-上的图像，再根据周期性，可得到函数()h x 的图像如下：221(2),2121,()(2)1,212 1.x k k k x k h x x k k k x k ⎧---≤<+⎪∴=⎨---≤<+⎪⎩为偶数，为奇数，2()1(8),79h x x x ∴=--≤≤；2()1(12),1113h x x x =--≤≤.由2()1(8),(79)h x x x y mx⎧=--≤≤⎨=⎩有且仅有一个交点，解得 1667(1667)m m =-=+，舍去.由2()1(12),(1113)h x x x y mx ⎧=--≤≤⎨=⎩有且仅有一个交点，解得 242143(242143)m m =-=+，舍去.∴函数(0)y mx m =>的图像与函数()h x 的图像在区间[0,12]上有且仅有5个交点时，实数m 的取值范围是2421431667m -<<- 21．（本题满分18分）本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分8分． 解 (1)3n n n S a ⊕=，∴(1)3n n n b S ba -=-+，*N n ∈，11S a =. 令1n =，得11(1)3b a ba -=-+， ∴13a =． 当2n ≥时，有111(1)3n n n b S ba ----=-+． ∴1*11(1)[]33(2,N )n n n n n n b S S ba ba n n -----=-++-≥∈．∴1*123(2,N )n n n a ba n n --=+⋅≥∈．证明 (2)3b =，*(N )3nn n a b n =∈，11b =， ∴1*1323(2,N )n n n a a n n --=+⋅≥∈，112333n n n n a a --=+． ∴*12(2,N )3n n b b n n --=≥∈． ∴数列{}n b 是以首项为1、公差为23的等差数列．解 (3) 结合(1)，且3b ≠，*(N )3n n n a c n =∈，11c =， ∴1123333n n n n a a b --=+，即1233n n b c c -=+*(2,N )n n ≥∈． 122()333n n b c c b b -∴-=---. 01当1b =时，1203c b-=-，此时，1n c =，总是满足||2n c ≤*(N )n ∈； 02当1b ≠时，1203c b -≠-，此时，23n c b ⎧⎫-⎨⎬-⎩⎭是等比数列． ∴1*122()()(N )333n n b c c n b b --=-∈--．∴ 1*21()(N )333n n b b c n b b --=+⋅∈--． 若3b >时，数列{}n c 是单调递增数列，且n →∞时，n c →+∞，不满足||2n c ≤*(N )n ∈ 若01b <<时，10,0133b b b -><<-，数列{}nc 是单调递减数列，故12c c >>.又11c =，同样恒有||2n c ≤*(N )n ∈成立； 若13b <<时，10,0133b b b -<<<-，数列{}nc 是单调递增数列，2lim 3n n c b →∞=-.由223b≤-，即此时当12b <≤时，满足||2n c ≤*(N )n ∈.综上，所求实数b 的取值范围是(0,2].。

黄浦区2018学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷（完卷时间：120分钟满分：140分）2018年12月14日第I卷（共100分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Waiter and guest. B. Trainer and trainee.C. Policeman and driver.D. Teacher and student.2. A. At Susan Baker’s. B. At the computer company.C. In his own office.D. In a restaurant.3. A. Line 1. B. Line 2. C. No. 952. D. No. 925.4. A. He acted in the drama at the last minute. B. He finall y decided to quit the drama.C. He hesitated to play a role in the drama.D. He made up his mind to see the drama.5. A. She isn’t sure whether Jessica will come. B. She can’t speak to Jessica now.C. Jessica is always late for activities.D. She can’t bear Jessica’s being late.6. A. Frank moved to the suburbs recently. B. John bought a new house in the suburbs.C. Frank is a friend of the Wilsons’.D. The Wilsons bought a new house at a good price.7. A. The exam was easier than Jane had expected. B. It’s easy for Jane to do better in the next exam.C. Jane failed to do well in the last exam.D. Jane has just forgot about the exam.8. A. Buy some new furniture. B. Complain to the landlord.C. H unt for a new apartment.D. Change the content of a rent contract.9. A. She didn’t feel like going. B. She didn’t think it would be fun.C. She hadn’t been invited.D. She w asn’t feeling well last night.10. A. Invest in the old model. B. Have the old washing machine fixed.C. Buy a new washing machine.D. Design a new style model.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It is only famous for being America’s backyard.B. Quebec is its largest province, which is eight times larger than UK.C. The area of Ontario is larger than that of Spain and France combined.D. All of the Canadians will speak French while they are in Ottawa.12. A. Enjoy the Pacific Ocean on the western coast of Canada.B. Breathe fresh air in the beautiful mountains.C. Experience incredible hiking and limitless wildlife.D. Visit the city of Vancouver on Vancouver Island.13. A. Niagara Falls is the oldest natural wonders of the world.B. Rainbows can be easily seen above the mists from miles away.C. Visitors can appreciate breathtaking views of the Falls from different angles.D. Newly married couples visit the Falls after the wedding.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To prepare the students for the next reading assignment.B. To provide background information for a class discussion.C. To review material from a previous lesson.D. To prepare for a quiz on chapter six.15. A. Insurance companies. B. Sailors． C. Manufacturers. D. Merchants.16. A. They include features similar to earlier policies.B. They are totally different from the ones in the Middle Ages.C. They contain only four earlier policies in chapter six.D. They don’t provi de shipping protection any more.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. He just has no time to buy one. B. He grew up after it became common.C. He thinks a good one costs too much.D. He doesn’t think it does good to life.18. A. A computer. B. A video camera. C. An FM radio. D. A fax machine.19. A. He thought telephone bills might be a burden.B. He was disappointed at the telephones on each street corner.C. He believed he simply didn’t need it f or anything.D. He would contact his friends with the help of his computer.20. A. He gets great enjoyment when he goes on the Internet.B. He regards the jet plane as the only modern form of media.C. He links up with people from foreign countries by the Internet.D. He thinks the international communication won’t develop without the jet plane.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Just How Buggy is Your Phone?What item in your home crawls with the most germs? If you say (21)______ toilet seat, you’re wrong. Kitchen sponges top the list. But cell phones are pretty dirty too. They contain around 10 times as many germs as toilet seats. People touch their phones, laptops, and other digital devices all day long, yet rarely clean them.In one incident, a thief paid a terrible price for stealing a germy cell phone. He stole it from a hospital in Uganda during a widespread of the deadly disease Ebola. The phone’s owner reported the theft before (22)______(die) from the disease. Soon, the thief began showing symptoms and finally (23)______(confess) to the crime.(24)______ in that unusual case a cell phone carried dangerous bacteria, not all germs are bad. Most cause no harm. In fact, they could provide helpful information. Look at the surface of your phone carefully. Do you see some dirty marks? “That’s all you, ”says microbial ecologist Jarrad Hampton-Marcell. “That’s biological information.”It turns out that the types of germs that you apply all over your phone or tablet are different from (25)______ of your friends and family. They’re like a fingerprint that could identify you. Some day in the future, investigators may use these microbial fingerprints to solve crimes. Phones and digital devices may be one of the best places to look for buggy clues.In a 2017 study, researchers sampled a range of surfaces in 22 participants’ homes, (26)______ countertops and floors to computer keyboards and mice. Then they tried to match the microbial fingerprints on each object to its owner. The office equipment was easiest to match to its owner. In an (27)______(early) study, a different group of researchers found that they could use microbial fingerprints to identify the person who (28)______(use) a computer keyboard even after the keyboard sat untouched for two weeks at room temperature.One day, microbial signatures might show (29)______ people have gone and what they have touched. They could give the proof (30)______ an unmarked device is yours. So, sure, your phone is pretty germy. Does that inspire you, or does it just bother you?Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The NileThe ancient Greek writer Herodotus once described Egypt–with some envy–as ‘the gift of the Nile’. The Egyptians depend on the river for food, for water and for life. The Ancient Egyptians were able to control and use the Nile, creating the earliest irrigation systems and developing a prosperous 31 .Snaking through the deserts, the Nile would flood almost 32 each year in June. Once the water subsided, a rich deposit of sand was left behind, making an excellent topsoil. Seeds were sown, yielding wheat, barley, beans, lentils and leeks. Drought could spell disaster for the Egyptians, so during the dry seasons, they dug basins and channels to deliver water to their land. They also devised simple channels to transfer water at the peak of the flood.An early system of 33 , a Nilometer, was used to determine the size of the floods. Later, during the New Kingdom, a lifting system called a shaduf was used to raise water from the river –34 to the way in which a well is used today.The Egyptians took up some of the earliest trading missions. Without a(n) 35 system they exchanged goods, bringing back timber, precious stones, pottery, spices and animals. Their efforts in medicine were also 36 advanced: surgeons performed operations to remove cysts(囊肿). Mummification gave them great understanding of the human body–yet they also relied heavily on various medicines to prevent disease, and discoveries were often confused with superstition(迷信). And while a great deal of time was dedicated to 37 , the Egyptians thought the stars were gods.By the 16th century Egypt was under the Ottoman Empire until Britain seized control in 1882. What is now mostly Arabic Egypt only won 38 from Britain after World War II. The Suez Canal, opened in 1869, 39 the country as a center for world transportation. But it, and the completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1971, 40 the ecology of the Nile, which now struggles to satisfy the country’s rapidly growing population, currently more than 76 million–the largest in the Arab world.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Keeping The Taps Running In Thirsty CitiesWater covers 71% of Earth’s surface yet only 2% of it is accessible as a source of fresh water. 41 on this limited resource is rising, a trend likely to continue.It is important to recognize that it is not just city residents who 42 water. Agriculture, industry and tourism often require more water than the municipal water supply. Globally, 70% of fresh water is 43 for agriculture, but locally in heavily irrigated(灌溉) areas this can increase to 90%. A healthy environment also requires fresh water, and the quality of available water is as important as its 44 .Water stress is not always caused by physical shortages in dry areas. 45 for water resources between different users within river catchments or basins can also be a cause.Every thirsty city operates within its own context, 46 to the challenge of providing adequate water supplies. Cape Town, 47 , has faced three years of drought during which winter rains failed to materialize. At the end of the 2017 rainy season the city faced the 48 of its dams running dry during 2018. The dams were only 37% full—in the same week four years before they were full to the top. In January 2018, it was 49 that Cape Town would reach Day Zero, when it would be forced to turn off the taps, in April. This was despite the city reducing its water use by more than half, from 1.2 billion litres a day in 2015 to fewer than 600 million litres, and working 50 with industry and agriculture to reduce demand.On February 1, the authorities put in place a strict limit of 50 litres of water per person per day. 51 , in Britain this is considered enough for a five-minute shower or half a washing machine cycle on full load.In addition, a ban was placed on using 52 water for gardens, water management devices were installed at households with a high water use and the water pressure was reduced to cut demand and leaks. At the same, the city launched a media 53 to change habits and introduced higher duties. This is not without its costs;agriculture and tourism, both significant areas of employment, have 54 . It is a classic example of the problem of water economics–the cost of water is low but the cost of a lack of water is very high.Crises such as the Cape Town drought are in danger of becoming the new norm. The 55 of Day Zero must serve as a wake–up call for cities across the world to develop cost–effective water management strategies to cope with an uncertain future.41. A. Impact B. Pressure C. Impression D. Observation42. A. recycle B. waste C. consume D. apply43. A. restored B. abstracted C. separated D. preserved44. A. change B. source C. origin D. volume45. A. Competition B. Protection C. Construction D. Regulation46. A. contributing B. regarding C. responding D. referring47. A. in addition B. for example C. on the contrary D. as a result48. A. prospect B. illustration C. symptom D. security49. A. reported B. presented C. predicted D. explained50. A. respectively B. increasingly C. restrictively D. extensively51. A. By comparison B. In other words C. To our surprise D. What’s more52. A. feasible B. drinkable C. inevitable D. influential53. A. campaign B. statement C. presentation D. advertisement54. A. invaded B. liberated C. suffered D. proceeded55. A. change B. theory C. record D. threatSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Despite an advertisement campaign suggesting wall-to-wall special effects,“Bridge to Terabithia”is grounded in reality far more than in fantasy. AdaptingKatherine Paterson’s award-winning novel, the screenwriters David Paterson and JeffStockwell have produced a thoughtful and extremely affecting story of a transformativefriendship between two unusually gifted children. The result is a movie whoseemotional depth could appeal more to adults than to their children.Jess Aarons (Josh Hutcherson) is a sixth grader with four sisters, financially tensedparents and a talent for drawing. An introverted(内向的) kid who is regularly picked onby the school buses, Jess forms a bond with a new student named Leslie (Anna SophiaRobb), a free spirit whose parents, both writers, are fondly neglectful. An attractionbetween outsiders, their friendship feeds on her words and his pictures; together they create an imaginary kingdom in the woods behind their homes, a world they can control and where their minds can wander free.Beautifully capturing a time when a bully in school can occur as large as a monster in a nightmare and the encouragement of a teacher can alter the course of a life, “Bridge to Terabithia” keeps the fantasy in the background to find magic in the everyday. Gabor Csupo directs this, his first feature, like someone close to the pain of being different, fascinated in tiny, perfect details.With strong performances from all the leads, “Bridge to Terabithia” is able to handle adult topics with sensitivity. As the emotional landscape darkens, those who haven’t read the book may be surprised at the sorrowthe filmmakers cause without ever resorting to horror or terror. In other words, your children may cry, but they won’t be traumatized so badly.Consistently smart and delicate as a spider web, “Bridge to Terabithia” is the kind of children’s movie rarely seen nowadays. At a time when many public schools are being forced to cut music and art from the curriculum, the story’s insistence on the healing power of a cultivated imagination is both welcome and essential.56. The second paragraph indicates that Jess and Leslie __________________.A. lost their control over the imaginary kingdomB. looked down on their individual realitiesC. formed a good friendship despite their different talentsD. wrote a book about a magical land called Terabithia57. Which of the following words is most likely to replace “traumatized” (paragraph 4)?A. criticizedB. ignoredC. delightedD. shocked58. The two children most likely __________________.A. skipped school to play in the woods behind their campusB. created an imaginary world as an escape from realityC. disappointed their parents with their over-active imaginationsD. won against the bullies at school with strong performances59. Which of the following statements will the author most probably agree with?A. The fantasy components of the movie were too over-done.B. The movie is emotional but not much too dramatic.C. “Bridge to Terabithia” has a negative impact on public school education.D. Children shouldn’t watch the film as they are too young to understand the topics.(B)The basis of how the balloon works is that warmer air rises in cooler air. This is because hot air is lighter than cool air as it has less mass per unit of volume. Mass can be defined by the measure of how much matter something contains. The actual balloon has to be large as it takes a large amount of heated air to lift it off theground.The burner uses propane gas to heat up the air in the envelope to move the balloon off the ground and into the air. The pilot must keep firing the burner at regular intervals throughout the flight to ensure that the balloon continues to be stable. Naturally, the hot air will not escape from the hole at the very bottom of the envelope as firstly, hot air rises and secondly, the floating power keeps it moving up.To move the balloon upwards, the pilot opens up the propane valve which lets the propane flow to the burner which in turn fires the flame up into the envelope. It works in much the same way as a gas grill: the more you open the valve, the bigger the flame to heat the air and the faster the balloon rises.The ‘Parachute Valve’ at the very top of the balloon is what is used to bring the balloon down towards the ground. It is a circle of fabric cut out of the top of the envelope which is controlled by a rope which runs down through the middle of the envelope to the basket. If the pilot wants to bring the balloon down, he or she simply pulls on the rope which will open the valve, letting hot air escape, decreasing the inner air temperature. This cooling of air causes the balloon to slow its rise.The pilot can operate horizontally by changing the vertical position of the balloon because the wind blows in different directions at different altitudes. If the pilot wants to move in a particular direction, he or she simply arises and falls to the appropriate level and rides with the wind.60. The purpose of this article is to ____________.A. explain how hot air balloons workB. illustrate why hot air balloons are usefulC. describe hot air balloons’ structureD. inform readers about how hot air balloons are made61. What would happen if the ‘Parachute Valve’ could not be resealed after it was opened?A. The inside of the balloon would continue to heat up.B. The balloon would climb up more rapidly.C. The self-sealing valve would need to take over the role of the Parachute Valve.D. The balloon would begin to move down more rapidly.62. Which of the following skills or knowledge would be the most useful to a balloon pilot?A. The ability to sew the panels of fabric together to make a balloon.B. An understanding of how propane gas is manufactured.C. A knowledge of the background of passengers who are travelling in the balloon.D. A knowledge of air currents and wind directions in the area where he is piloting the balloon.(C)The surface of Venus has never seemed very hospitable. Temperatures change around 470°C(900 °F), the result of a runaway greenhouse effect, and the pressure of its atmosphere, thick with carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid (硫酸), is some 90 times that of Earth’s. Lead (铅) would flow like water on Venus, and water cannot have existed in liquid form for perhaps a billion years.Now NASA’S Magellan spacecraft seems to have found one more horror in the nasty landscape: active volcanoes. Last week the space agency released the first detailed map of Venus and the most dramatic images ever made of its surface. The pictures offer the best evidence to date that a planet once assumed dead is actually a lively pot of geological change.The most amazing image is of Venus’ second tallest mountain, Maat Mons, which rises 8km(5 miles). Most of the planet’s many peaks, including 9.5-km-(6-mile-) high Maxwell Montes, look bright in the radar picturesMagellan takes from its orbit above the permanent cloud cover. That means they are strong reflectors of radar waves. But Maat Mons is dark; like the Stealth bomber, it absorbs much of the radar falling on it.This interesting fact, say project scientists, is a strong hint that the mountain has recently been covered with lava(熔岩). Rock that sits on the surface of mountaintops appears to weather quickly in the hot, chemically reactive atmosphere, creating a soil that is rich in iron sulfide(硫化铁). It is this mineral, the scientists believe, that can easily be seen on radar. If Maat Mons doesn’t have any, it has probably been resurfaced, perhaps within the past few years.Such resurfacing has undoubtedly taken place in Venus lowlands: earlier images of the planet showed vast areas that are remarkably free of craters(火山坑). That would be easy to explain on a Planet like Earth, where cratering from meteor strikes is erased by steady erosion. But while there is some evidence of wind erosion on Venus, the best explanation for the lack of cratering is periodic lava flows. Magellan has found direct evidence of such flows, including domelike upwellings and hardened streams of rock trailing down the sides of Venusian peaks. There are also signs of other geologic activities, including dramatic faulting and several distinct incidents of mountain building. But the evidence can’t indicate whether they really occurred millions of years ago. The case for active Venusian volcanoes is not yet proved, but Magellan, which is now well into its second complete survey of the planet’s surface, may eventually settle the issue.63. Which of the following has NO possibility to be found on Venus now?A. Carbon dioxide.B. Sulfuric acid.C. Liquid water.D. Active volcanoes.64. The scientists believe that ____________ shows up easily on radar.A. geological changeB. iron sulfideC. mountain mineralD. lava flow65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The resurfacing has changed the images of the vast areas in Venus lowlands.B. The wind erosion on Venus is caused by periodic lava flows.C. Streams of rock trailing down the sides of Venusian peaks can be seen on Earth.D. Other geologic activities have caused dramatic and unbelievable climate phenomenon.66. What can be inferred from the passage?A. NASA’S Magel lan spacecraft fails to stand the environment of Venus.B. There is clear and confirmed evidence for the active Venusian volcanoes on Venus.C. Some evidence of periodic lava flows has been found by NASA astronauts.D. Magellan will conduct a follow-up complete survey of the Venus’ surface.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence canNowhere To Hide: What Machines Can Tell From Your FaceThe human face is a remarkable piece of work. 67 So is the face’s ability to send emotional signals, whether through the unconscious shame or the trick of a false smile. People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of attraction, hostility, trust and deceit. They also spend plenty of time trying to hide their feelings, intentions or nature.68 In America facial recognition is used by churches to track worshippers’ attendance; in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it to arrest a suspect outside a football game. In China it confirms the identities of ride-hailing drivers, permits tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple’s new i Phone is expected to use it to unlock the homescreen.Set against human skills, such applications might seem enhancive. Some breakthroughs, such as flight or the internet, obviously transform human abilities. 69 Although faces are peculiar to individuals, they are also public, so technology does not, at first sight, intrude on something that is private. And yet the ability to record, store and analyse images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast scale promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy, fairness and trust.70 Masking true feelings helps fix the wheels of daily life. If your partner can spot every prohibited yawn, and your boss every hint of annoyance, marriages and working relationships will be more truthful, but less harmonious. The basis of social interactions might change, too, from a set of commitments founded on trust to calculations of risk and reward derived from the information a computer attaches to someone’s face. Relationships might become more reasonable, but also transactional.IV. Summary Writing71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Sport TourismTourism is the world’s largest industry and is predicted to grow well into the years to come. Increasingly, the economic importance of tourism has been recognized by governments around the world. At the same time, the tourism industry has become more complicated in its development and marketing new forms of tourism. One of the fastest growing parts of the tourism industry is travel related to sport and physical activity. A recent survey found that while the traditional beach and sight-seeing vacations continue to predominate, 22% of those surveyed reported that opportunities to participate in sports were important when selecting a vacation.The term sport tourism has been adopted in recent years to describe sport-related leisure travel. It is generally recognized that there are three broad categories of sport tourism. The first category, watching sporting events or Sports Event Tourism includes hallmark events such as FIFA World Cup Football Championships, and the Olympic Games. Tournaments sponsored by the Professional Golf Association or the World Tennis Association are also part of the spectator-centered sector of sport tourism.The second type of sport tourism, Celebrity and Nostalgia Sport Tourism involves visiting famous sports-related attractions. Visits of the sports halls of fame fall into this category. Another form of Celebrity and Nostalgia Sport Tourism that has emerged in recent years is meeting famous sports personalities. The cruise industry has been experienced in this area. Sports theme cruises such as “the NBA Basketball Cruise” arrange for passengers to meet personalities from sports while on board.Active participation is the third category of sport tourism. This is composed of individuals who travel to participate in golf, skiing, and tennis in particular, although other sports such as fishing, and scuba diving are popular in the US.第II卷（共40分）V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 很多人对他们的潜能一无所知。

黄浦区 2018 -2019学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试英语试卷(完卷时间: 120 分钟满分: 140 分)2018 年 12 月 14 日第 I 卷(共 100 分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.音频A. Waiter and guest.B. Trainer and trainee.C. Policeman and driver.D. Teacher and student.【答案】C【解析】【分析】M: Madam, why didn‟t you wear your seat belt?W: I‟m sorry, sir. Will I have to pay a fine?Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

2.音频A. At Susan Baker‟s.B. At the computer company.C. In his own office.D. In a restaurant.【答案】D【解析】【分析】W: Good morning. This is Susan Baker at Sunshine Computer Company. Is Michael Smith there?M: Sorry, he is out for lunch. May I take a message?Q: Where is Michael Smith most probably now?3.音频A. Line 1.B. Line 2.C. No. 952.D. No. 925.【答案】C【解析】【分析】M: Could you tell me the best way to get to Shanghai Grand Theater?W: Yes. Y ou can go there by subway, Line 1 or 2. Y ou can also take Bus No. 952.Q: Which bus gets to Shanghai Grand Theater?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

黄浦区 2018 学年第一学期期末质量试卷高三英语（满分 140 分，完卷时间120 分钟）Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections ： After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Just How Buggy is Your Phone?What item in your home crawls with the most germs? If you say ___21___ toilet seat, Kitchen sponges top the list. But cell phones are pretty dirty too. They contain germs as toilet seats. People touch their phones, laptops, and other digital devices all day long, yet rarely clean them.you’re wrong. around 10 times as manyIn one incident, a thief paid a terrible price for stealing a germy cell phone. He stole it from ahospital in Uganda during a widespread of the deadly disease Ebola. The phone’s owner reported the theft before___22___ （ die ） from the disease. Soon, the thief began showing symptoms and finally ___23___（confess ） to the crime.___24___ in that unusual case a cell phone carried dangerous bacteria, not all germs are bad. Mostcause no harm. In fact, they could provide helpful information. Look at the surface of your phone carefully. Do you see some dirty mars?“That's all you, ”says microbial ecologist Jarrad Hampton- Marcell. “That ’s biological information. ”It turns out that the types of germs that you apply all over your phone or tablet are different from___25___ of your friends and family. They ’re like a fingerprint that could identify you. Some day inthe future, investigators may use these microbial fingerprints to solve crimes. Phones and digital devices may be one of the best places to look for buggy clues.In a 2017 study, researchers sampled a range of surfaces in 22 participants ’ homes, ___26___ countertops and floors to computer keyboards and mice. Then they tried to match the microbial fingerprints on eachobject to its owner. The office equipment was easiest to match to its owner. In an ___27___ （ early ）study, a different group of researchers found that they could use microbial fingerprints to identifythe person who ___28___ （ use） a computer keyboard even after the keyboard sat untouched for two weeksat room temperature.One day, microbial signatures might show ___29___ people have gone and what they have touched. Theycould prove ___30___ an unmarked device is yours. So, sure, your phone is pretty germy. Does that inspire you, or does it just bother you?Section BDirections ： Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be usedonce. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. measurementB. similarC. remarkablyD. monetaryE. astronomyF.alteredG. civilization H. defined I. independence J. invariably K. dominatedThe NileThe ancient Greek writer Herodotus once described Egypt-with some envy-as‘the gift of the Nile ’. The Egyptians depend on the river for food, for water and for life. The Ancient Egyptians were able tocontrol and use the Nile, creating the earliest irrigation systems and developing a prosperous ___31___.Snaking through the deserts, the Nile would flood almost ___32___ each year in June. Once the watersubsided, a rich deposit of sand was left behind, making an excellent topaoil.Seeds were sown, yielding wheat, barley, beans, lentils and leeks. Drought could spell disaster for the Egyptians, so during thedry seasons, they dug basins and channels to deliver water to their land. They also devised simple channels to transfer water at the peak of the flood.An early system of ___33___ a Nilometer, was used to determine the size of the floods. Later, duringthe New Kingdom, a lifting system called a shaduf was used to raise water from the river--___34___ tothe way in which a well is used today.The Egyptians took up some of the earliest trading missions. Without a(n) ___35___ system they exchanged goods, bringing back timber, precious stones, pottery, spices and animals. Their efforts in medicinewere also ___36___ advanced: surgeons performed operations to remove cysts （囊肿） . Mummification gave them great understanding of the human body-yet they also relied heavily on various medicines to prevent disease, and discoveries were often confused with superstition （迷信） . And while a great deal of timewas dedicated to ___37___ the Egyptians thought the stars were gods.By the 16 th century Egypt was under the Ottoman Empire until Britain seized control in 1882. What isnow mostly Arabic Egypt only won ___38___ from Britain after World War Ⅱ . The Suez Canal, opened in 1869, __________the country as a center for world transportation. But it, and the completion of the Aswan High Damin 1971 ___40___ the ecology of the Nile, which now struggles to satisfy the country ’s rapidly growing population, currently more than 76 million-the largest in the Arab world.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections ： For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C,and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Keeping The Taps Running in Thirsty CitiesWater covers 71%of Earth ’s surface yet only 2% of it is accessible as a source of fresh water. ___41___ on this limited resources is rising, a trend likely to continue.It is important to recognize that it is not just city residents who ___42___ water. Agriculture,industry and tourism often require more water than the municipal water supply. Globally, 70% of fresh water is___43___ for agriculture,but locally in heavily irrigated（浇灌）areas this can increate to 90%. A healthy environment also requires fresh water, and the quality of available water is as important as its ___44___.Water stress is not always caused by physical shortages in dry areas. ___45___ for waterresources between different users within river catchments or basins can also be a cause.Every thirsty city operates within its own context, ___46___ to the challenge of providing adequatewater supplies. Cape Town, ___47___, has faced three years of drought during which winter rains failedto materialize. At the end of the 2017 rainy season the city faced the ___48___ of its dams running dryduring 2018. The dams were only 37% full—in the same week four years before they were full to the top.In January 2018, it was ___49___ that Cape Town would reach Day Zero, when it would be forced to turnoff the taps, in April.This was despite the city reducing its water use by more than half, from billion litres a day in 2015 to fewer than 600 million litres,and working ___50___ with industry and agricultureto reduce demand.On February 1, the authorities put in place a strict limit of 50 litres of water per person per day.___51___, in Britain this is considered enough for a five-minute shower of half a washing machine cycleon full load.In addition, a ban was placed on using ___52___ water for gardens, water management devices wereinstalled at household with a high water use and the water pressure was reduced to cut demand and leaks. At the same, the city launched a media ___53___ to change habits and introduced higher duties. This isnot without its costs; agriculture and tourism, both significant areas of employment, have ___54___.It is a classic example of the problem of water economics-the cost of water is low but the cost of alack of water is very high.Crises such as the Cape Town drought are in danger of becoming the new norm. The ___55___ of DayZero must serve as a wake-up call for cities across the world to develop cost-effective water managementstrategies to cope with an uncertain future.41. A. Impact B. Pressure C. Impression D. Observation42. A. recycle B. waste C. consume D. apply43. A. restored B. abstracted C. separated D. preserved44. A. change B. source C. origin D. volume45. A. Competition B. Protection C. Construction D. Regulation46. A. contributing B. regarding C. responding D. referring47. A. in addition B. for example C. on the contrary D. as a result48. A. prospect B. illustration C. symptom D. security49. A. reported B. presented C. predicted D. explained50. A. respectively B. increasingly C. restrictively D. extensively51. A. By comparison B. In other words C. To our surprise D. What ’s more52. A. feasible B. drinkable C. inevitable D. influential53. A. campaign B. statement C. presentation D. advertisement54. A. invaded B. liberated C. suffered D. proceeded55. A. change B. theory C. record D. threatSection B(A)Despite an advertisement campaign suggesting wall-to- wall special effects, “Bridge of Terabithia ”is grounded in reality far more than in fantasy. Adapting Katherine Paterson ’s award -winning novel, the screenwriters David Paterson and Jeff Stockwell have produced a thoughtful and extremely affectingstory of a transformative friendship between two unusually gifted children. The result is a movie whose emotional depth could appeal more to adults than to their children.Jess Aarons (Josh Hutcherson) is a sixth grader with four sisters, financially tensed parents anda talent for drawing. An introverted( 内向的 ) kid who is regularly picked on by the school buses, Jessforms a bond with a new student named Leslie (Anna Sophia Robb), a free spirit whose parents, both writers, are fondly neglectful. An attraction between outsiders, their friendship feeds on her words and hispictures; together they create an imaginary kingdom in the woods behind their homes, a world they cancontrol and where their minds can wander free.Beautifully capturing a time when a bully in school can occur as large as a monster in a nightmareand the encouragement of a teacher can alter the course of a life, “Bridge to Terabithia ” keeps the fantasy in the background to find magic in the everyday. Gabor Csupo directs this, his first feature, like someone close to the pain ofbeing different, fascinated in tiny, perfect details.With strong performances from all the leads,“Bridge to Terabithia”is able to handle adult topics with sensitivity. As the emotional landscape darkens, those who haven’t read the book may be surprisedat the sorrow the filmmakers cause without ever resorting to horror or terror.In other words, your children may cry, but they won’t be traumatized so badly.Consistently smart and delic ate as a spider web, “Bridge to Terabithia”is the kind of children’s movie rarely seen nowadays. At a time when many public schools are being forced to cut music and artfrom the curriculum, the story’s insistence on the healing power of a cultivated imag ination is both welcome and essential.56.The second paragraph indicates that Jess and Leslie ________.A.lost their control over the imaginary kingdomB.looked down on their individual realitiesC.formed a good friendship despite their different talentsD.wrote a book about a magical land called Terabithia57. Which of the following words is most likely to replace“traumatized ”(paragraph 4)?A. criticizedB. ignoredC. delightedD. shocked58.The two children most likely ________.A.skipped school to play in the woods behind their campusB.created an imaginary world as an escape from realityC.disappointed their parents with their over-active imaginationsD.won against the bullies at school with strong performances59.Which of the following statements will the author most probably agree with?A.The fantasy components of the movie were too over-done.B.The movie is motional but not much too dramatic.C.“Bridge to Terabithia” has a negative impact on public school education.D.Children shouldn ’t watch the film as they are too young to understand the topics.(B)Hot Air BalloonsA hot air balloon ismade up of 3 mainparts:The EnvelopeThe actual fabricballoon which holdsthe airThe BurnerThe unit which pushesthe heat up into theenvelopeThe BasketWhere the passengersand pilot standThe basis of how the balloon works is that warmer air rises in cooler air. This is because hot airis lighter than cool air as it has less mass per unit of volume. Mass can be defined by the measure ofhow much matter something contains. The actual balloon has to be large as it takes a large amountof heated air to lift it off theground.The burner uses propane gas to heat up the air in the envelope to move the balloon off the groundand into the air. The pilot must keep firing the burner at regular intervals throughout the flight toensure that the balloon continues to the stable. Naturally, the hot air will not escape from the hotat the very bottom of the envelop as firstly, hot air rises and secondly, the floating power keeps itmoving up.To move the balloon upwards, the pilot opens up the propane value which lets the propane flow to theburner which in turn frees the flame up into the envelope. It works in much the same way as a gas grill:the more you open the valve, the bigger the flame to beat the air and the faster the balloon rises.The “Parachute Valve ” at the very top of the balloon is what is used to bring the balloon down towards the ground. It is a circle of fabric cut out of the top of the envelop which is controlled by a ropewhich runs down through the middle of the envelope to the basket. If the pilot wants to bring the balloon down, he or she simply pulls on the rope which will open the valve, letting hot air escape, decreasingthe inner air temperature. This cooling of air causes the balloon to slow its rise.The pilot can operate horizontally by changing the vertical position of the balloon because the windblows in different directions at different altitudes. If the pilot wants to move in a particular direction, he or she simply arises and falls to the appropriate level and rides with the wind.60.The purpose of this article is to __________.A. explain how hot air balloons workB. illustrate why hot air balloons are usefulC. describe hot air balloons’ structureD. inform readers about how hot air balloons are made61. What would happen if the“Parachute Valve” could not be released after it was opened?A. The inside of the balloon would continue to heat up.B. The balloon would climb up more rapidlyC. The self-sealing valve would need to take over the role of the Parachute Valve.D. The balloon would begin to move down more rapidly.62.Which of the following skills or knowledge would be the most useful to a balloon pilot?A. The ability to sew the panels of fabric together to make a balloon.B. An understanding of how propane gas is manufactured.C. A knowledge of the background of passengers who are travelling in the balloon.D. A knowledge of air currents and wind directions in the area where he is piloting the balloon.(C)The surface of Venus has never seemed very hospitable.Temperatures change around 470°C(900°F), result of a runway greenhouse effect, and the pressure of its atmosphere, thick with carbon dioxide andsulfuric acid(硫酸), is some 90 times that of Earth’s. Lead(铅) would flow like water on Venus, andwater cannot have existed in liquid form for perhaps a billion years.theNow NASA’S Magellan spacecraft seems to have found one more horror in the nasty landscape: active volcanoes. Last week the space agency released the first detailed map of Venus and the most dramaticimages ever made of its surface. The picture offer the best evidence to date that a planet onceassumed dead is actually a lively pot of geological change.The most amazing image is of Venus’s second tallest mountain, Maat Mons, which rises 8km(5 miles) .Most of the planet ’s many peaks, including (6 -mile-) high Maxwell Montes, look bright in the radar picturesMagellan takes from its orbit above the permanent could cover. That means they are strong reflectors of radarwaves. But Maat Mons is dark; like the Stealth bomber, it absorbs much of the radar falling on it.This interesting fact, say project scientists, is a strong hint that the mountains has recently beencovered with lava(熔岩). Rock that sits on the surface of mountaintops appears to weather quickly inthe hot , chemically reactive atmosphere, creating a soil that is rich in iron sulfide( this mineral, the scientists believe, that can easily be seen on radar. If Maat Mons doesn 硫化铁 ). It is ’t have any,it has probably been resurfaced, perhaps within the past few years.Such resurfacing has undoubtedly taken place in Venus lowlands: earlier images of the planet showedvast areas that are remarkably free of craters(火山坑). That would be easy to explain on a Planet likeEarth, where cratering from meteor strikes is erased by steady erosion. But while there is some evidence of wind erosion on Venus, the best explanation for the lack of cratering is periodic lava flow. Magellan has found direct evidence of such flows, including dome like upwellings and hardened streamed of rocktrailing down the sides of Venusian peaks. There are also signs of other geologic activities, includingdramatic faulting and several distinct incidents of mountain building.But the evidence can’t indicate whether they really occurred millions of years ago. The case for active Venusian volcanoes is not yetproved, but Magell an, which is now well into its second complete survey of the planet’s surface, may eventually settle the issue.63. Which of the following has NO possibility to be found on Venus now?A. Carbon dioxideB. Sulfuric acidC. Liquid waterD. Active volcanoes64. The scientists believe that _________ shows up easily on radar.A. geological changeB. iron sulfideC. mountain mineralD. lava flow65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The resurfacing has changed the images of the vast areas in Venus lowlands.B. The wind erosion on Venus is caused by periodic lava flowsC. Streams of rock trailing down the side of Venusian peaks can be seen on EarthD. Other geologic activities have caused dramatic and unbelievable climate phenomenon.66. What can be inferred from the passage?A. NASA’S Magallan spacecraft fails to stand the environment of Venus.B. There is clear and confirmed evidence for the active Venusian volcanoes on Venus.C. Some evidence of periodic lava flows has been found by NASA astronauts.D. Magellan will conduct a follow-up complete survey of the Venus’ surface.Section CDirections:Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentences given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. However, facial recognition seems merely to encode them.B. Research show that artificial intelligence can reconstruct the facialstructures of people.C. Anyone with a phone can take a picture for facial-recognition programs to use.D. Technology is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read faces.E. Continuous facial recording that paints computerized data onto the real world might changethe texture of social interactions.F. The astonishing variety of facial features helps people recognize eachother and is crucial to the formation of complex societies.Nowhere To Hide:What Machines Can Tell From Your FaceThe human face is a remarkable piece of work. 67 So is the face ’s ability to send emotional signals, whether through the unconscious shame or the trick of a false smile. People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, forsigns of attraction, hostility, trust and deceit. They also spend plenty of time trying to hide theirfeelings, intentions or nature.68 In America facial recognition is used by churches to track worshippers ’ attendance; in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it to arrest a suspect outside a football game. In China it confirms the identities of ride-hailing drivers, permits tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple ’s new iPhone is expected to use i t to unlock the homescreen.Set against human skills, such applications might seem enhancive. Somebreakthroughs, such as flight or the internet, obviously transform human abilities. 69 Although faces are peculiar to individuals, they are also public, so technology does not, at first sight, intrude on something that is private. Andyet the ability to record, store and analyse images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast scale promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy, fairness and trust.70 Masking true feelings helps fix the wheels of daily life. If your partner can spot everyprohibited yawn, and your boss every hint of annoyance, marriages and working relationships will be more truthful, but less harmonious. The basis of social interactions might change, too, from a set of commitments founded on trust to calculations of risk and reward derived from the information a computer attaches to someone ’s face. Relationships might become more reasonable, but also transacti onal.IV. Summary Writing71. Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Sport TourismTourism is the world’s largest industry and i s predicted to grow well into the years to come. Increasingly, the economic importance of tourism has been recognized by governments around the world.At the same time, the tourism industry has become more complicated in its development and marketingnew forms of tourism. One of the fastest growing parts of the tourism industry is travel related to sportand physical activity. A recent survey found that while the traditional beach and sight-seeing vacations continue to predominate, 22% of those surveyed reported that opportunities to participate in sports were important when selecting a vacation.The term sport tourism has been adopted in recent years to describe sport-related leisure travel.It is generally recognized that three are three broad categories of sport tourism. The first category.Watching sporting events or Sports Event Tourism includes hallmark events such as FIFA World Cup Football Championships, and the Olympic games. Tournament sponsored by the Professional Golf Association or the World Tennis Association are also part of the spectator-centered sector of sport tourism.The second type of sport tourism, celebrity and nostalgia sport tourism involves visiting famoussports-related attractions. Visits of the sports halls of fame fall into this category. Another formof celebrity and nostalgia sport tourism that has emerged in recent years is meeting famous sportspersonalities. The cruise industry has been experienced in this area. Sports theme cruise such as “the NBA basketball cruise ” arrange f or passengers to meet personalities from sports while on board.Active participation is the third category of sports tourism. This is composed of individuals whotravel to participate in golf, skiing, and tennis in particular, although other sports such as fishing, and scuba diving are popular in the US.第 II卷（共40分）V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 好多人对他们的潜能全无所闻。