空调可靠性试验方案

地址：广州市东莞庄路 110 号
第 2页
电话：020－87236785
信息产业部电子第五研究所
编号：CEPREI-REC-2007-043
表4 电应力
上限电压
标称电压
220V
下限电压
2.2 统计试验方案
2.2.1 可靠性指标的确定
要开展可靠性考核试验，首先确定设备的可靠性指标，即平均无故障间隔时间 MTBF， 如果厂家设定空调的平均无故障间隔时间为日历年限，要根据这个指标确定工作时间后再 确定试验时间；如果厂家设定空调的平均无故障间隔时间为工作小时，试验时间可直接由 指标确定。
1～16 16～60
位移 mm
1.0 /
加速度 m/s2
/ 10
时间
根据典型运输时间确定
地址：广州市东莞庄路 110 号
第 1页
电话：020－87236785
信息产业部电子第五研究所
编号：CEPREI-REC-2007-043
运输类型
陆上运输
表2 陆上运输振动应力
频率 Hz
10～40 500
功率谱密度 g2/Hz
如果可靠性指标 MTBF 为 N 年，则任务时间为 1920×N 小时，统一考虑采用 1.2× MTBF 试验时间的方案，则指标年数与试验时间关系如表 5。
温度应力量值大小结合空调的工作任务模式进行变化，在将进行说明。
湿度应力仅在高温和抽湿时进行控制。
2.1.3 电应力
根据厂家设计规范，在试验过程中对电源电压进行拉偏（如无规定参考相关标准，电 压拉偏范围为±10％）。根据地面设备可靠性试验方法的规定，极限低压占通电时间的 25 ％，标称电压占通电时间的 50％，极限高压占通电时间的 25％。
图目录
图 1 可靠性试验剖面 ·············································································································· 6
表目录
表 1 海洋运输振动应力 ·········································································································· 1 表 2 陆上运输振动应力 ·········································································································· 2 表 3 户外温度条件 ·················································································································· 2 表 4 电应力······························································································································ 3 表 5 试验时间·························································································································· 4 表 6 工作模式时间比例选择 ·································································································· 5 表 7 室内外机温度条件选择 ·································································································· 5
0.015
0.00015
总均方根值 G
1.04
时间
1600km 为 60min 根据典型运输距离确定
2.1.2 温湿度应力依据
根据 GB/T 4797.1-2005“电工电子产品自然环境条件 温度和湿度” 中表 4“日平均 值极值划分的户外气候组”数据如表 3。表 1 可为室外机的考核提供参考。
表3 户外温度条件
2.3 试验剖面的设计 ·································································································· 4 2.3.1 振动应力 ······································································································ 4 2.3.2 制冷与制热模式及其对应室内外机控制温度 ··········································· 4 2.3.3 电应力条件选择··························································································· 5 2.3.4 风量调节控制 ······························································································ 5 2.3.5 摆风模式控制 ······························································································ 5
地址：广州市东莞庄路 110 号
电话：020－87236785
信息产业部电子第五研究所
编号：CEPREI-REC-2007-043
1 方案说明
(1) 目前可靠性试验通常 4 类应力因素即温度、湿度、振动、电应力，建议在进行空调 可靠性试验中考虑以上 4 类应力因素。
(2) 在试验过程中，空调开机工作，模拟实际运行和使用操作，并对空调进行功能检查 和性能测试，全面考核空调的功能、机械性能和电性能。
2.2.2 确定试验时间－以年为单位
一个典型用户平均每年开机时间分析如下：如空调装在哈尔滨（寒冷地区），用户主 要在 11 月至第二年 4 月份之间 6 个月使用空调制热，7 月份左右使用空调制冷，每天开机 时间为 8 小时，寒冷地区典型用户一年开机时间为：7×30×8＝1680 小时。如空调装在广 州（热带、亚热带地区），用户主要在 5 月～10 月份之间的 6 个月使用空调制冷，1 月～2 月份之间 2 个月使用空调制热，3～4 月偶尔使用空调抽湿、通风，因此，亚热带地区用户 一年的典型开机时间为 8×30×8＝1920 小时。如空调装在郑州（温带地区），用户主要在 6 月～8 月 3 个月使用空调制冷、11 月至第二年 3 月 5 个月使用空调制热，温带地区用户 一年的典型开机时间为 8×30×8＝1920 小时。因此可以考虑一个典型用户一年开机时间 为 1920 小时。
密级：非密★ 编号：CEPREI-REC-2007-043
空调可靠性试验方案 （建议稿）
文件状态 [√] 研讨稿 [ ] 报审稿 [ ] 报批稿
文件标识 CEPREI-REC-2007-043 当前版本 V0.6 单 位 信息产业部电子第五研究所 完成日期 2007-10-22
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2 试验方案·························································································································1
2.1 试验条件的确定 ·································································································· 1 2.1.1 振动应力制定依据······················································································· 1 2.1.2 温湿度应力依据··························································································· 2 2.1.3 电应力 ·········································································································· 2
2.2 统计试验方案 ······································································································ 3 2.2.1 可靠性指标的确定······················································································· 3 2.2.2 确定试验时间－以年为单位······································································· 3 2.2.3 确定试验时间－以工作小时为单位 ··························································· 4 2.2.4 试验循环的确定··························································································· 4
(3) 目前，国内某空调公司对空调开展了近 20 个项目的试验考核，包括低电压、高电 压、机械开关、启停、低温、高温等Байду номын сангаас但这些项目术语环境适应性和性能检测项目， 不属于可靠性试验考核。
(4) 目前，国内空调可靠性试验没有明确的标准和试验方法，本试验方案为建议稿，供 参考和讨论。
(5) 尽管本方案为建议稿，但其制定的思路考虑了可靠性试验的各个要素和典型方法。
序号 气候组
1
世界组
2
通用组
3
一般组
4
有限组
低温(℃)
-55 -45 -29 -15
高温(℃)
+43 +35 +35 +30
RH≥95％时 的最高气温
+31 +31 +24 +20
备注
室内机的考核选择温度建议为 0～＋40℃。 试验温度应力条件的确定，除参考以上信息外，还需要厂家确认自身产品的设计能够 按照上述参考温度开展试验。
V1.0
高军
2007-10-22 初稿
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文档说明
说明
说明描述
关 键 词 空调；可靠性试验；方案
主题内容 空调可靠性试验方案的建议稿
用 途 为以莱特空调（深圳）有线公司进行空调可靠性试验提供参考
信息产业部电子第五研究所
编号：CEPREI-REC-2007-043
正文目录
1 方案说明·························································································································1
2 试验方案
2.1 试验条件的确定
2.1.1 振动应力制定依据
根据实际使用情况，空调承受振动应力主要是在运输过程中，对于销往世界各地的空 调产品来说，振动应力主要考虑模拟海洋运输、陆上运输过程中振动。其振动时间分别由 典型运输类型的运输距离的等效时间进行确定。
表1 海洋运输振动应力
运输类型
海洋运输
频率 Hz