人教版 高中英语 必修三unit 4 Astronomy 语言点学案含答案

[高效预习探究案]一Warming up & Pre-reading本节课学习知识早知道：对于要学的知识做到心中有底，这样才能更好的安排自己的学习步骤和学习时间，愿知识清单能够更好的帮助你进行自主学习！我们将要学习的学习内容：1. To encourage students to think and talk about astronomy.2. Learn some new words and phrases.能力目标：To develop students’ ability of creativity and imagination.To learn to talk about astronomy in English.语言目标：掌握重点词汇astronomy, astronomer, solar system, religionTasks:Step 1: Lead-in and warming upGet the students to talk about astronomy, The students can talk freely as they like.1. Are you interested in astronomy? Do you know something about it?Do you know about any famous astronomers in the word?was the first to suggest that gravity is a force.developed a new idea of gravity and the theory of relativity.is most famous for his work on: black holes.Do you know something about solar system?Solar system is made up of and the objects that orbit it. These includes and their , as well as asteroids (小行星), comets（慧星）, and meteors（流星）.2. How many planets circle around the sun?a. What are they? (according to the order of the distance from the sun)b. There used to be nine planets in the solar system. One of the them can no longer be considered a planet. What’s the name of the planet? Why did scientists remove it?3. Is there life on these planets?Step 2: Think it over1. How old is the universe?2. (1)How did the universe begin? Different religion and culture has different ideas. What do you know?The following notes may be helpful.a. The story of the Hopi people: The Four Creations.b. From China: The story of Pan Guc. The Jewish / Christian / Muslim story(2) The universe is made up of stars, planets and other matter scattered throughout space.3 How old is the earth?4. What made it possible for life to develop on the earth?5. Which do you first think existed on the earth, plants or animals?[高效预习探究案]二Reading一、热身问题1. Look at the pictures and the title of the reading passage. Predict what the reading will be about and what will be mentioned in the text?二、速读课文，回答下列问题1. How did the universe begin?2. When did the dust settle into a solid globe to be the earth?3. What began to appear on its surface when the earth cooled down after exploding?4. What began to appear on the surface of the water many millions of years later?5. How many years did dinosaurs existed on the earth? When did they disappear?三、精读课文，回答下列问题1.Put the order of development of life into a timeline.（1）Insects and amphibians appeared.（2）Dinosaurs speared.（3）The earth became a solid ball（4）Small plants grew on the water.（5）Reptiles appeared.（6）Plants began to grown on dry land.（7）The earth was a cold of dust.（8）Water appeared on the earth.（9）Shellfish and other fish appeared.（10）The universe began with a: Big Bang.（11）Clever animals with hands and feet appeared.（12）Mammals appeared.2、把每个段落与段落大意相搭配Para 1 A. The development of plants and animals on the earth.Para 2 B. The arrival of humans and their impact on the earth.Para 3 C. A widely accepted theory about the formation of the universe.Para 4 D. The importance of water for life.Para 5 E. The formation of the earth.四、讨论1. Why was the earth different from the other planets?2. Why did the plants grow before the animals came?3. What problem is caused by human beings.4. What should we do to deal with the problem? Say it out in detail.五、与同桌讨论，理解下列长难句并尝试翻译成汉语1. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.句子结构分析：what 引导的是从句，what在此从句中作表语。

Module 3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsPeriod 1 Reading: How Life Began on The Earth班级__________ 姓名____________ 学号_____________Learning Objectives:1.Learn the useful new words and expressions in the reading material.2.Improve the reading skills while reading the passage about the astronomy.Learning Key Points:1. Grasp the important words and expressions in the reading material.2. Learn something about how life began on the earth.Learning Difficult Points:1. Grasp the important words and expressions.2. Improve the reading ability.Learning Procedures:I.【Pre-class homework】Assessment:A. Match the main idea of each paragraph.Para 1: ( ) A. The formation of the earth.Para 2: ( ) B. A widely accepted theory about the information of the universe.Para 3; ( ) C. The arrival of humans and their impact on the earth.Para 4: ( ) D. The importance of water for life.Para 5: ( ) E. The development of plants and animals on the earth.B. Ask and answer.1. What was there on the earth before life could begin?___________________________________________________________________________ 2.Why did animals first appear in the seas?___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ II. While-class （课堂教学流程）Step 1 Lead-inStep 2 Discussion （小组讨论交流课堂前置性作业）Ss discuss their pre-class homework in groups.Step3 Consolidation（巩固应用）A. Further reading and finish the following comprehension questions.1.( ) What forms the earth’s atmosphere?A. Carbon dioxide, oxygen .B. Carbon dioxide, oxygen, poisonous gas.C. Water vapor, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen.1D. Water vapor, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases.2. ( ) Why was the earth different from other planets?A. It produced a lot of heat.B. The water remained.C. Water disappeared.D. It was the oldest planet.3. ( ) What kind of factor improved the progress of life?A. Water forms on the earth’s surface.B. Green plants began to appear on land.C. The air is full of carbon dioxide.D. Animals began to appear such as insects, amphibians, est.3.( ) What is the main idea of this passage?A. It tells us how life begins to appear on the earth.B. It tells us why green plants grow before animals.C .It tells us water plays an important role in the development of life.D. It tells us carbon dioxide is the reason why living beings will die in the future,4.( ) The author infers us that if we want the life to continue on the earth, what shouldwe do?A. We should produce more carbon dioxide to cause global warming.B. We should solve the problem of global warming as soon as possible.C. We should bear less people and think about a new way to grow more crops.D. We should be worthy of water.B. Cloze test.At the very beginning, the earth was just a cloud of 1. ___________ (energy) dust. Then the dust combined 2. __________ a ball moving around the sun. After that, it exploded 3.______(loud) with fire and rock, 4. ___________ (produce) water vapor,carbon dioxide and other gases, 5. _____________ made 6. ____________ possible for life to begin to develop. Some small plants 7. ___________ (grow) in the water appeared on the earth’s surface, 8. _____________ (follow) by land animals, including insects, amphibians, reptiles and the dinosaurs. But they disappeared 9. ________ of a sudden and some small clever animals with hands and feet appeared and spread all over the earth and took the place of dinosaurs. They became 10. _______ most important animals on the planet —that is, human beings.Step 4 Presenting （成果展示与教师点拨）Ss present their group job.1．Ss write down their answers on the blackboard and give the explanation in class. 2．Teacher and Ss’ comment.Step 5 Summary（学生小结）Ss talk about what they have learned in the lesson.Keys:【Pre-class homework】A. Fast reading1. BADECB.1. Water vapor, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases.2. Because water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases into the oceans and seas. While-classA. 1-5 DBBABB. Cloze test.1.energetic2. into3.loudly4. producing5. which6. it7. growing8. followed9. all 10. thePeriod 2 Language points in Reading 1 Class：Name：Group：No：Learning Objectives:1. Learn and grasp the important useful new words and expressions.2. Learn the important useful sentences and patterns.3. Make sentences after the useful expressions.Learning Key Points:Ss grasp the usages of such important new words and expressions.Learning Difficult Points:Ss understand some difficult and long sentences.Learning Procedures:I.【Pre-class homework】Assessment: Translate the Chinese into English.A. Phrases1. 太阳系____________2．大爆炸____________3．及时，终于____________4．形成，安顿下来____________ 5．对……（来说）是基本的___________ 6．对……有害____________ 7．连锁反应____________8．下蛋____________9．产生，分娩____________ 10．轮到某人，接着____________ 11．二氧化碳____________ 12．阻止，制止____________B. Sentences3Assessment:1. 昨天晚会的气氛非常欢快，每一个人都度过了美好的时光。

必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars根底操练Ⅰ. 单词拼写1. The government took immediate measures and the disease was p spreading.2. Our solar s has 8 planets.3. My new teacher is a very g person.4. This area has a hot c .5. As everybody knows, smoking is h to people’s health.6. He was involved in the (暴力的) fight last night and was arrested by the police.7. Some advertisements have no 〔吸引力〕 at all.8. This kind of plant only 〔存在〕 in Africa.9. The boss never shouts at his staff in the (在场) of others.10. There is an 〔气氛〕 of peace and calm in the country, quite different from that of a big city.Ⅱ. 用方框内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空1. Nothing on earth can me loving her.2. Salt easily in water.3. The old man his two sons for food and clothing.4. The cuckoo(杜鹃) its eggs in other birds’nest.5. The pain already after taking the medicine.Ⅲ. 翻译句子1. 既然你已经知道这件事了，我不想再谈了。

新人教版高中英语必修3Unit4AstronomyReading（含答案）高一英语同步练习：必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars第2课时Reading基础练习一. 语言知识学习：1.solid n. 固体 adj. 固体的；实心的,无空隙的；结实的，坚固的2.be to (do): (something) will definitely happen, or it must happen不可避免要发生或必须发生3.in time (for sth/to do sth): not late 及时；不迟She was in time for the class.She will be back in time to prepare dinner. 她来得及回来准备晚饭。

in time: sooner or later; eventually 迟早；最后You will realize your dream in time.I’ll see him in time. 总有一天我会遇见in/out of time: in/not in the correct time 合/不合节拍The audience clapped in time to the music.观众合着音乐的节拍拍手。

4. to begin with 以。

为开始，开始做。

Knowledge begins with practice.to begin with首先，最初，第一To begin with,I couldn`t understand every word.5. explode1). （使某物）炸开，爆炸2). （指感情）激发3). （指人口）突然或迅速增加explosion n. 爆炸（声）explosive adj.爆炸性的，易爆炸的 n.炸药，爆炸物6.as well as 除。

班级_______ _____________小组_________第一课时warming up & pre-reading 自主学习学案学习目标：1. 语言目标Language aims:2. 能力目标Ability aims:1) 进一步熟悉掌握一些阅读技巧，比方快速寻找文章细节信息(scanning)、归纳和总结〔summarizing〕。

2) 让学生学会表达自己的思想。

3)情感目标Emotional aims: 让学生弄清楚什么是科学思想，什么是宗教信仰或文化传统。

在探讨生命的起源的科学道理之前，交流一下有关宇宙的起源的种种传说,调动学生的相关知识，激活学生的思维。

重点key points:Talk about the beginning of life on the earth.b. Discuss the order of development of life难点important points:Understand the beginning of life on the earth.Step I some questions in warming up1. How much do you know about the universe"What are they"______________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________2. Who is the first man landing on the moon"___________________________________________________________________________________Step II pre-readingTask one: Fill in the blanks after listening1) According to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a "___________〞that threw matter in all directions.2) It was not immediately obvious that ________was to be fundamental to the development of______.3) They are putting too much CO2 into the atmosphere, which prevent _____from escaping from the earth.Task two: careful readingand write down the main idea.paragraph 1: _________________________________________.paragraph 2: The formation of _______________________________________.paragraph 3:The importance of ____________________________________.paragraph 4: __________________________of plants and animals on the earth.paragraph 5: ______________________ of humans and their impact on the earth.Task three : Put the order of development of life into a timeline.1 Insects and amphibians appeared2 Dinosaurs appeared3 The earth became a solid ball4 Small plants greaw on the water5 Reptiles appeared6 Plants began to grow on dry land.7 The earth was a cloud of dust. 8 Water appeared on the earth9 Shellfish and other fish appeared. 10 The universe began with a "Big Bang〞11 Clever animals with hands and feet appeared. 12 Mammals appeared.Answers: __________________________________________________Task Four: summaryAfter the "Big Bang〞, the earth was just a cloud of dust. It __________ loudly with fire and rock, which were ____ ___________to produce the water vapour, ___________ and other gases. Then small plants grew . They ___________and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen. Many millions of years later the first green plants began to ________on land. When the plants grew into forests,________ appeared for the first time. They produced young generally by _________eggs. When dinosaurs disappeared, __________ became more important. Now small clever animals with _____________appeared and ________all over the world. As time ________ they covered the earth and they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the __________, which ________heat ____ ________ from the earth into space. Whether life will continue on earth for millions of years to come will _____________whether this problem can be solved.Language points :1.However , according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a " Big Bang〞that threw matter in all directions.in all directions = in every direction 向四面八方He walked ____________________ the village. 他向村庄方向走去。

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars参考答案导学案Warming-up & pre-reading & ReadingTask 1 Activity (1)见教参Task 1 Activity (2)Student s’ answers can varyTask 2 Activity (1)Student s’ answers can varyTask 3 Activity (1)a big bangTask 3 Activity (2)Student s’ answers can varyTask 3 Activity (3)见教参ReadingTask 1 Activity(1)见教参Task 2 Activity (1)water; atmosphere; acids no water; no atmosphere food and oxygen food and nutrition plants growing on land water; oxygen and food dinosaurs disappeared long before human beings came into beingglobal warmingTask 3 Activity (1)small plants shellfish and all sorts of fish plants land animalsTask 3 Activity (2)Student s’ answers can varyTask 3 Activity (3)Student s’ answers can varyTask 4 Activity (1)puzzles atmosphere violent Unlike harmful theory multiplying existed fundamental systemLanguage Points (1)Task 1 Activity (1)in time in time It was unlike her to be late for school is harmful to a chain of exists in gave birth to in my turn prevented/stopped/keptTask 2 Activity (1)begins with/starts with starts with is fundamental to as well as lay lied laid laid remains spreadsTask 4 Activity (1)C BD A A D C A A BLanguage Points (2)Task 1见教参Task 2 Activity (1)B BTask 2 Activity (2)见教参Task 2 Activity (3)Thus/As a result so because/as but However and or after that FinallyTask 2 Activity (4)Student s’ answers can varyTask 3 Activity (1)见教参Task 3 Activity (2)Task 3 Activity (3)见教参GrammarTask 1 Activity (1)代词名词数词从句从句从句从句Task 1 Activity (2)6Task 2 Activity (1)That Class One If---Whether That---What has---had did he say---he said 第二个were---was It was reported thatTask 2 Activity (2)见教参Task 3 Activity (1)见教参Using Language (1)Task 1 Activity (1)见教参Task 2 Activity (1)Student s’ answers can varyTask 2 Activity (2)见教参Task 2 Activity (3)见教参Task 3 Activity (1)3very strong no lessheavier weightless lighterTask 3 Activity (2)Using Language (2)blocked out climate crashed crash pull cheered up floats get the hang of broke out watch out for Now thatTask 1 Activity (1)Task 2 Activity (1)A AB A CTask 2 Activity (2)见教参Task 3Student s’ answers can varyListening& Reading &SpeakingTask 1 Activity (1)Student s’ answers can varyTask 2见教参Task 3 Activity (1)T F T T T FTask 3 Activity (2)(3)Student s’ answers can vary。

Unit 4Astronomy: the science of the stars天文学(Astronomy)是研究宇宙空间天体、宇宙的结构和发展的学科。

内容包括天体的构造、性质和运行规律等。

天文学是一门古老的科学，自有人类文明史以来，天文学就有重要的地位。

主要通过观测天体发射到地球的辐射，发现并测量它们的位置、探索它们的运动规律、研究它们的物理性质、化学组成、内部结构、能量来源及其演化规律。

在天文学悠久的历史中，随着研究方法的改进及发展，先后创立了天体测量学、天体力学和天体物理学。

天文学的研究对于我们的生活有很大的实际意义，对于人类的自然观有很大的影响。

古代的天文学家通过观测太阳、月球和其他一些天体及天象，确定了时间、方向和历法。

这也是天体测量学的开端。

如果从人类观测天体，记录天象算起，天文学的历史至少已经有五六千年了。

天文学在人类早期的文明史中，占有非常重要的地位。

埃及的金字塔、欧洲的巨石阵都是很著名的史前天文遗址。

美国著名的女天文学家南西·格蕾丝·罗曼从小痴迷于太空学，被称为“哈勃太空望远镜之母”。

A Great Woman ScientistBack in the 1950s few women in the United States worked outside of the home, and even fewer earned doctorates(博士学位) or went on to have professional careers. However, as the first chief of astronomy at the US space agency, Nancy Grace Roman is a notable exception(例外). She says, “Certainly by the time I was in seventh grade, I knew I had to have a long education if I wanted to become an astronomer.” Pursuing(追求) her interest in astronomy was not easy. But Roman was determined to become an astronomer and learn everything she could about stars. She went to college, studied science and earned her doctorate in astronomy from the University of Chicago in 1949. She has been working very hard and NASA's current chiefastronomer calls her “the mother of the Hubble Space Telescope.” After retiring from NASA in 1979, Roman spends much of her time consulting, teaching and lecturing across the country. Roman hopes she's inspired young women to set aside their inhibitions and reach for the stars, just as she did.根据上文判断正(T)、误(F)1．Many women in the USA worked in the companies in the 1950s.()2．It is not difficult for Roman to achieve her goal.()3．When Roman was very young, she was interested in astronomy.()4．Roman had been teaching astronomy in the University of Chicago until 1979.()5．What Roman did inspires young women to make their dreamscome true.()[答案] 1.F 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.TPart ⅠWarming up, Pre－reading, Reading & ComprehendingⅠ.重点单词1．____________ n．学说；理论2．____________ n．系统；体系；制度3．____________ n．天文学4．____________ n．原子5．____________ v i. & v t.乘；增加6．____________ n．大气层；气氛7．____________ adj.基本的；基础的8．____________ n．球体；地球仪；地球9．____________ n．氧[答案] 1.theory 2.system 3.astronomy 4.atom 5.multiply 6.atmosphere7.fundamental8.globe9.oxygenⅡ.词汇拓展1．____________ v t.使迷惑→____________ adj.迷惑的→____________ adj.令人迷惑的2．____________ adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→____________ n．暴力→____________ ad v.暴力地；猛烈地3．____________ adj.有害的→____________ n．&v.伤害→____________ adj.无害的4．____________ v i.存在；生存→____________ n．存在；生存5．____________ prep.与……不同；不像→____________ v t.喜欢prep.像；如同→____________ adj.可能的6．____________ n．宗教；宗教信仰→____________ adj.宗教的；宗教信仰的[答案] 1.puzzle; puzzled; puzzling 2.violent；violence; violently 3.harmful; harm; harmless4．exist; existence 5.unlike; like; likely 6.religion; religiousⅢ.重点短语1．根据________________2．及时；终于________________3．冷却下来；变凉________________4．下蛋________________5．产生；分娩________________6．in one's turn ________________7．prevent... from... ________________8．as well as ________________9．in all directions ________________10．depend on ________________[答案] 1.according to 2.in time 3.cool down y eggs 5.give birth to 6.轮到某人；接着7.阻止；制止8．也；还9.朝四面八方10.取决于；依靠Ⅳ.重点句式1．so... that...“如此……以至于……”The earth became ________________ it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.地球(开始)变得如此激烈动荡，以至于不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars一、刷黑板——词汇全听写(先过识记默写关)Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．astronomy n．天文学2．astronomer n. 天文学家3．solar adj. 太阳的；日光的4．billion pron.&n.& adj. 〈英〉万亿；〈美〉十亿5．carbon n. 碳6．dissolve vt.& vi. 溶解；解散7．acid n. 酸[第二屏听写]8．mammal n．哺乳动物9．dioxide n. 二氧化物10．extinct adj. 灭绝的；绝种的11．lessen vi.& vt. 减少；减轻12．weightlessly adv. 失重地13．solar system 太阳系14．carbon dioxide 二氧化碳_[第三屏听写]Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)1．system n．系统；体系；制度2．religion n. 宗教；宗教信仰3．theory n. 学说；理论4．violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的5．atmosphere n. 大气层；气氛6．unlike prep. 与……不同；不像7．fundamental adj. 基本的；基础的[第四屏听写]8．presence n．出席；到场；存在9．harmful adj. 有害的10．chain n. 链子；连锁；锁链11．reaction n. 反应；回应12．multiply vi.& vt. 乘；增加13．oxygen n. 氧14．exist vi. 存在；生存15．thus adv. 因此；于是[第五屏听写]16．puzzle n．谜；难题vt.& vi. (使)迷惑；(使)为难17．biology n. 生物学18．biologist n. 生物学家19．gravity n. 万有引力；重力20．satellite n. 卫星；人造卫星21．gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的[第六屏听写]22．physicist n．物理学家23．climate n. 气候24．crash vi.& vt. 碰撞；坠落25．spaceship n. 宇宙飞船26．pull n．& vt. 拉(力)；拖；牵引力27．float vi.& vt. (使)浮动；(使)漂浮n. 漂浮物[第七屏听写]28．globe n．球体；地球仪；地球29．exhaust vt. 用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽30．in_time 及时；终于31．lay_eggs 下蛋32．give_birth_to 产生；分娩33．in_one's_turn 轮到某人34．prevent_..._from 阻止；制止[第八屏听写]35．block_out 挡住(光线)36．cheer_up 感到高兴；感到振奋37．now_that 既然。

高一英语必修 3Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the sta —rsReadingLanguage Points 学案学习目标】 ： 1. To learn some useful words and expressions in the text.2. To learn some important and difficult sentence patterns in the text.Teaching procedure 】s、【课前预习】I. Write and Read .对_生命的发展起关键作用一系列的反应 Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1． What it was to become was uncertain until between 4. 5 and 3. 8 billion years ago when the dust settledinto a solid globe. 句式分析： 这是一个 （ A.简单句 B 复合句）。

从句中作 _____ 。

what 引导的名词性从句除了作主语外，还可以作宾语、表语等。

自主翻译：2． The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. 句式分析： 这是一个 _____ （A. 简单句 B 复合句）。

此处为连词 ______ 引导的结果状语从句， 其中从句中的 ____ 为形式主语，连词 _________ 引导的从句为真正的主语。

自主翻译： ___________________________________________________________________ .3． So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.句式分析：这是一个 ____ （ A.简单句 B 复合句）。

应该掌握的重点单词1．astronomy n．天文学→astronomer n．天文学家2．system n．系统；体系；制度3．theory n．学说；理论→theoretical adj。

理论上的4．globe n．球体；地球仪；地球→global adj。

全球性的；全世界的5．violent adj。

猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→violence n．暴力→violently adv.猛烈地6．atmosphere n．大气层;气氛7．unlike prep.不同;不像→dislike vt。

不喜欢8．presence n．出席;到场;存在→present adj。

＆n. & v．在场的；目前，现在；出席；颁发，授予9．harmful adj。

有害的;伤害的→harm n．危害，害处→harmless adj.无害的10．exist vi.存在，生存→existence n．存在，生存11．puzzle n．谜；难题vt. ＆vi.(使)迷惑；（使)为难→puzzled adj。

迷惑的→puzzling adj。

令人迷惑的12．gravity n．万有引力;重力13．satellite n．卫星；人造卫星14．climate n．气候15．spaceship n．宇宙飞船16．pull n。

& vt。

拉（力)；拖;牵引力17．float vi。

& vt.(使）浮动；（使）漂浮n．漂浮物18．mass n．质量；团；块；大量；（复)群众应该掌握的重点短语1．in time及时；终于2．lay eggs 下蛋3．give birth to 产生；分娩4．in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着5．prevent。

..from 阻止；制止6．block out 挡住(光线）7．cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋8．now that 既然9．break out 突发；爆发10．watch out 密切注视；当心；提防11．cool down 冷却12．as well as 也；还有……13．depend on 依靠；依赖，取决于14．get close to 靠近应该掌握的重点句型1．This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop。

Unit 4Astronomy:the science of the starsPeriod 4语法专题课学习目标1.Master the basic usage of noun clauses as the subject.2.Learn to use the noun clauses as the subject in real situations through self-study and practice.3.Be absorbed in English study and enjoy the beauty of English.学习过程Ⅰ.主语从句在复合句中作句子的主语What made her happy was that she won the game in such an important match.令她高兴的是在这么重要的比赛中她获胜了。

Ⅱ.主语从句的引导词及在句中的功能1.连词that,whether。

(1)that在从句中不作句子成分,只起引导词的作用,没有实际意义,不能省略。

That she could come to help us made us very happy.她能来帮助我们使我们很高兴。

That the big earthquake had killed many people frightened people all over the world.大地震使很多人丧生令世界震惊。

(2)whether在从句中不充当任何成分,只起引导词的作用,但有“是否”之意,也不可以省略。

Whether we go by train or by boat makes no difference.我们乘火车还是乘船去没有差别。

It is still unknown whether the plan will be carried out.这个计划是否会实施还不知道。

Part ⅢGrammar & WritingGrammar——名词性从句(Ⅱ)：主语从句一、概念主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的句子，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。

二、基本用法1．连接词that和whether(1)that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，本身无任何意义，只起连接作用，但不可省略。

That she survived the accident is a miracle.她在事故中幸免于难简直是奇迹。

(2)whether在从句中不充当任何句子成分，起连接作用，意为“是否”，不可省略。

Whether we will build a new high school hasn't been decided.我们是否会建一所新的中学还没有定下来。

Whether we go by train or by boat makes no difference.我们乘火车还是乘船没差别。

2．连接代词(who, whose, whom, what, which, whichever, whoever, whomever, whatever等)连接代词引导主语从句，在从句中可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。

Whoever did this job must be rewarded.无论谁做了这项工作一定要得到酬谢。

Whatever you do in your spare time should do no harm to others.无论你在业余时间做什么都不应该伤害其他人。

Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize.无论(你们)谁先到都可以得奖。

3．连接副词(when, where, how, why等)连接副词引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。

How this happened is not clear to anyone.这件事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。

必修III--Unit 4知识点III---IV Astronomy: the science of the stars一、知识点1. In our solar system eight planets circle around the sun.在我们的太阳系里八个行星绕太阳运转。

The birds were circling around over the lake. 鸟儿在湖面上空绕圈子。

The teachers are used to circling the pupils' spelling mistakes in red ink. 教师习惯于用红笔圈出学生的拼写错误。

They sat in a circle round the fire.他们围着火坐成一圈。

In political circles there is talk of war. 在政治圈里，有人谈论到（会发生）战争2. The origin of life on earth is a question that interests astronomers. 地球上生命的起源是个使天文学家感兴趣的问题。

the origins of civilization 文明的起源He is a German by origin.他原籍德国。

This new theory will certainly interest you.这新理论肯定会引起你的兴趣。

I find no interest in such things. 我对这些不感兴趣。

His two great interests in life are music and painting. 他一生中的两大爱好是音乐和绘画。

The interests of the individual must be subordinated to the interests of the collective. 个人利益必须服从集体利益。

高中英语必修3Unit4Astronomy精品导学案（含答案解析）核心词汇1．Doyouthinkoureducation____________(制度)needsimproving?2．The____________(气候)ofsouthernFloridaattractsthousandsoftouristseachwinter. 3．Withoutpracticetherewouldbeno____________(理论)．4．Thehenwasoldanditstopped____________(下蛋)eggs.5.Theidea____________(存在)onlyinthemindsofusyoungpeople.6．ProfessorLihassolvedthe____________(难题)andeveryoneischeering.7．Mars’__________(万有引力)isonlyabout38%ofEarth’s. 8．Raisingyourchildtotellthedifferencebetweenrightandwrongisoneofthef____________tasksofpar enthood.9．用harm的适当形式填空(1)Airpollutionwillgetworseandthiswillbe____topeople，forexample，itcancausecancer.(2)Rubbishcanbechangedinto____________things.(3)Don’t____________youreyesbyreadinginthedimlight.10．Lastnightwehadadiscussion，whichbecamemoreandmore____________.Finallywereachedanagreementthatwewillneveruse___________ _whateverhappens.(violent)1.system2.climate3.theoryying5.exists6.puzzle7.gravity8.fundamental9.(1)harmful,(2)harmless (3)harm 10.violent；violence高频短语1．________________ 及时，终于2．________________下蛋3．________________产生；分娩4．________________轮到某人；接着5．________________阻止；制止6．________________挡住(光线)7．________________感到高兴；感到振奋8．________________既然9．________________突发；爆发10．________________密切注视；当心；提防1.intimeyeggs3.givebirthto4.inone’sturn5.prevent...from6.blockout7.cheerup8.nowthat,9.breakout 10.watchout重点句式1．________________wasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoas olidglobe.随后它会变成什么没有人知道，直到38～45亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。

应该掌握的重点单词1．astronomy n．天文学→astronomer n．天文学家2．system n．系统；体系；制度3．theory n．学说；理论→theoretical adj.理论上的4．globe n．球体；地球仪；地球→global adj.全球性的；全世界的5．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→violence n．暴力→violently adv.猛烈地6．atmosphere n．大气层；气氛7．unlike prep.不同；不像→dislike vt.不喜欢8．presence n．出席；到场；存在→present adj. & n. & v．在场的；目前，现在；出席；颁发，授予9．harmful adj.有害的；伤害的→harm n．危害，害处→harmless adj.无害的10．exist vi.存在，生存→existence n．存在，生存11．puzzle n．谜；难题vt. & vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难→puzzled adj.迷惑的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的12．gravity n．万有引力；重力13．satellite n．卫星；人造卫星14．climate n．气候15．spaceship n．宇宙飞船16．pull n. & vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力17．float vi. & vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮n．漂浮物18．mass n．质量；团；块；大量；(复)群众应该掌握的重点短语1．in time及时；终于2．lay eggs 下蛋3．give birth to 产生；分娩4．in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着5．prevent...from 阻止；制止6．block out 挡住(光线)7．cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋8．now that 既然9．break out 突发；爆发10．watch out 密切注视；当心；提防11．cool down 冷却13．depend on 依靠；依赖，取决于14．get close to 靠近应该掌握的重点句型1．This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.这就形成一个连锁反应，使生命发展成为可能。