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高考英语：非谓语动词考点精华讲义高三的一轮复习已经进行了一大半，许多同学做题依然错误百出，其中一个重要原因是不能看懂句子结构，甚至分不清谓语动词和非谓语动词。
今天分享一下我总结的非谓语动词复习讲义，希望能够帮助大家更好地掌握这一重要的语法专题。
一、分类：动词不定式、动词-ing形式、动词的过去分词总的特点：1.非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语与主句主语保持一致。
2.Doing/T o do (sth.)+单数V : 非谓语动词作主语，谓语用单数。
二、动词不定式1、特点：表将来2、形式：①基本型：to+动词原形（do）。
②被动式：to be done ③完成时:to have done ④进行时：to be doing3、句子功能：主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语（宾补）Eg: ①To catch the early train, you`ll have to get up early.(目的状语)②I rushed there in a taxi only to find the library closed.(结果状语：意外结果)。
③This is very good music to dance to.(定语)④It is necessary to learn English well.(主语，it 为形式主语)4、不定式的省略1）（为了避免重复）并列结构中第二个to：I want to get up early and read English.例外：前后表对比时，to不可省去:To be or not to be ,that is the question.It is better to lose one’s life than to lose one’s spirit.2) （为了避免重复）省去to后的不定式结构：—Would you liketo go shopping?—Yes,I`d like to.例外：to后有have/be时，保留be或have—Did you go shopping yesterday? —No, but I ought to have.5、不定式主动形式表被动意义1）主(sth)+ be + 主补/表语（表性质的adj. + to do）2) 主＋Vt + 宾语 + 宾补（adj.+ to do)3) 主 + Vt+ 宾语+定语(to do): 不定式作定语与所修饰的名词（代词）构成逻辑动宾关系，又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
上海高考英语整理知识点讲义一、语法知识点1.时态和语态：包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和被动语态等。
2.名词：包括单数名词、复数名词、不可数名词及名词所有格。
3.代词：包括人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词和不定代词等。
4.形容词和副词：包括形容词的比较级和最高级、副词的比较级和最高级以及形容词和副词的用法等。
5.介词和介词短语：包括常用的介词及其用法、介词短语在句中的作用等。
6.从句：包括宾语从句、主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句和定语从句等。
二、词汇知识点1.单词拼写：包括常用的高频词汇及其拼写。
2.同义词辨析：包括常用词汇的同义词辨析。
3.词义辨析：包括常用词汇的词义辨析。
4.固定搭配：包括常用词汇的固定搭配。
5.词性转换：包括名词、动词、形容词和副词之间的词性转换。
三、阅读理解1.主旨大意题：通过理解文章的中心思想和主要观点，回答文章的主旨大意。
2.细节理解题：通过理解文章中的细节信息，回答具体问题。
3.推理判断题：通过理解文章的意思和文中暗示的信息，进行推理判断。
4.修辞手法题：通过理解文章中的修辞手法，回答有关修辞手法的问题。
5.行文结构题：通过理解文章的行文结构，回答有关文章结构的问题。
四、完形填空1.上下文逻辑关系：通过理解文章上下文的逻辑关系，选择正确的词语或短语。
2.词义推断：通过上下文的暗示，推测出词语的正确意思。
3.句子解释：通过理解句子的语法结构和语境，选择合适的解释。
4.段落标题：通过理解段落的主题和内容，选择合适的段落标题。
五、写作技巧1.作文结构：包括主题句、扩展句和结论句等，讲述一个有机结构的故事。
2.连词使用：通过使用适当的连词，使语言表达更加连贯。
3.句型变化：通过改变句子的结构和语序，使文章更加丰富多样。
4.词汇运用：通过运用丰富的词汇，使文章更加生动有趣。
5.注意细节：注意文章的细节描述和逻辑关系，使文章更加完整和准确。
2020年上海高考英语写作讲义目录第一部分遣词造句 (2)一. 词汇升级 (2)（一）高分词汇积累 (2)（二）出彩表达 (8)二、句型升级 (14)（一）基本句型回顾 (14)（二）高分句型中的语法亮点 (15)（三）句型素材积累 (17)第二部分图画作文 (23)一、写作基本思路导读------三层次，十模块 (23)二、各层次的常用表达 (23)第三部分图表作文 (34)一. 图表作文攻略 (34)二. 模板详解 (36)第一部分遣词造句一. 词汇升级（一）高分词汇积累1．It occurred to sb. that … / it dawned on me that… 替换think / sb. have an idea that …I was about to pay for the shopping when it suddenly dawned on me that I'd left my check book at home. 我买完东西要付钱时，才突然发现我把支票簿留在家里了。
Suddenly it dawned on me that they couldn't possibly have met before.我突然明白他们以前不可能见过面。
2．devote替换spendHe devotes (spends) all his spare time to reading.3．seek替换want / look forThey sought(wanted) to hide themselves behind the trees.4．nothing but替换onlyIt is the audience that support the stars, but some of them insist that their achievements result from nothing but their own efforts. 是观众支撑着那些明星，但有些明星认为其成功完全来自自己的努力。
高考语法讲义一．非谓语动词一．不定式：一）不定式的常考形式：1)一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others.被动形式:He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do.语法功能：表示与谓语动词同步发生2)完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me.被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages.语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前二）不定式常考的考点：1）不定式做定语将要发生2）不定式做状语目的3）不定式充当名词功能To see is to believe.三)不定式的省略1)感官动词see,watch,observe,notice,look at,hear,listen to,smell,taste,feel+do表示动作的完整性，真实性；+doing表示动作的连续性，进行性I saw him work in the garden yesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。
(强调"我看见了"这个事实)I saw him working in the garden yesterday.昨天我见他正在花园里干活。
（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词：The cake tastes good;It feels comfortable.2)使役动词have bid make let等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后要还原toI‘d like to have John do it.I have my package weighed.Paul doesn’t have to be made to learn.3)help help sb do help sb to do help do help to do四)有些动词后只跟不定式如：want，wish，hope，manage，promise，refuse，pretend，plan，offer，decide，agree，expect allow sb to do,cause sb to do,permit sb to do,enable sb to doforce sb to do.be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to dobe ambitious to do.begin to do.start to doWe agreed_______here，but so far she hasn't turned up yet．（NMET1995）A．having met B．meeting C．to meet D．to have met（Key：C）五)有的时候to后面要接ing形式accustom(oneself)to;be accustomed to;face up to;in addition to;look forward to;object to;be reduced to;resign oneself to;be resigned to;resort to;sink to;be used to;be alternative to;be close/closeness to;be dedication/dedicated to;be opposition/opposed to;besimilarity/similar to.三、need/want后的ing形式具有被动的意思。
高考英语虚拟语气讲义英语中有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。
（一）“if”虚拟条件句主从句谓语动词的构成情况从句谓语动词的构成主句谓语动词的构成与现在事实相反过去式（be用were）should/would/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词should/would/could/might +have+过去分词与将来事实相反过去式should+动词原形were+不定式should/would/could/might+动词原形If he were here, he would help us.如果他在这里，他会帮助我们的。
If I had been free at that time, I would have visited you.如果那时我有空的话，我就拜访你了。
If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping.如果明天下雨的话，我们就不去野营。
（二）省略“if”的虚拟条件句将虚拟条件从句中的“were，had，should”放到主语之前，构成部分倒装Should he come, tell him to ring me up.如果他来，告诉他让他给我打电话。
Were I you, I would not do it.如果我是你，我就不做。
Had I been free, I would have visited you.如果我有空的话，我就拜访你了。
（三）混合虚拟条件句1.不同时间的虚拟，遵守相应的规则If he had listened to me, he would not be in trouble now.要是他听了我的话，现在就不会有麻烦了。
（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反）If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party.如果我是你，我就去参加他的生日聚会了。
一、时态、语态时态、语态需要掌握的要点：1.表达将来时的形式：(1)在时间、条件、让步从句中，一般现在时代替将来时，但要注意区别从句的类型，如：I’ll tell him when you will ring again. 我告诉他你什么时候再来电话。
(宾语从句)比较：I’ll tell him when you ring again.你再打电话时我告诉他。
(状语从句)(2)在make sure, make certain, see (to it) 后的that从句中，谓语动词用一般现在时代替将来时，如：See to it that you include in the paper whatever questions they didn’t know the answer to last time.(include 不能用will include或其他形式) 2.完成时是时态测试的重点，注意与完成时连用的句型和时间状语：(1)by/between/up to/till +过去时间、since、by the time/when +表示过去发生情况的从句，主句用过去完成时。
如：We had just had our breakfast when an old man came to the door.Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed had been produced.(表示1919年时已发生的情况) (2)by +将来时间、by the time/ when +谓语动词是一般现在时的从句，主句用将来完成时。
如：By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed in Europe for two weeks.I hope her health will have improved greatly by the time we come back next year.(3)by now、since +过去时间、in/during/for/over/the past/last few(或具体数字)years/days/months，主句用现在完成时,如：The changes that had taken place in air travel during the last sixty years would have seemed completely impossible to even the most brilliant scientists at the turn of the 19th century.但在it is +具体时间since/before这一句型中，主句更多的时候不用完成时。
高考核心 ----精（高考力站）1. abandon vt.= give up = throw1.离开，弃2.放弃，停止做（某事）3.放，放任派生 abandoned a.-ed 尾： / 形容I abandon myself in wasting time.我我自己放于浪。
2. abolish vt. 除，止（ + certain system 某些系 / certain practice 某些行）PK cancel vt. 取消abuse 用abnormal 不正常的ab-开表示否定absorb vt. “吮”吸收（某事物），吸将（某物）合并，并吞完全吸引住（某人）的注意力或趣派生 be absorbed in sth. 沉浸于 sth.I am absorbed in the party, so I forget anything.accommodate vt.来自 commodity n. 日用品-ity -ment -hood -ness –on 名 mode模式 model 模型 module 模-mod-子= put up sb.1.供某人住宿或房2.适，迁就，迎合派生 accommodation n. 旅5. accompany vt.company n. 公司；朋友 =friend I accompany him.I keep company with him我伴随着他。
1.伴随或跟随（某人），陪伴2.与某事物同存在或生派生accompany A by/ with B 用 B来伴随 AI accompany him with swim. （）I accompany him with swimming.我他天天游泳。
3.某人伴奏派生 accompany sb. at / on sth.sth. sb.伴奏I accompany him at the party.6. accuse vt. 指某人有；犯罪或犯法；指控；控告；派生 accuse sb.of sth. 因 sth.sb.7. accustom vt. 使⋯⋯于 customn. 俗派生 accustom A to B 使 A BI accustom myself to wearing glasses . 我已戴眼了。
高考英语15天基础速成班“考试成绩”的秘密《高考英语15天快速提分班》考试成绩=基础知识X解题能力《高考英语15天基础速成班》课后题0.1 考试成绩由哪两方面决定？答：1、基础知识2、解题能力课程安排【第一部分】词汇方法突破第1天：单词的秘密不择手段背单词遇到生词怎么办第2天：玩转“固定搭配”（上）第3天：玩转“固定搭配”（下）【第二部分】语法系统复习第4天：句子的秘密“语法的精神”（英语逆袭心法）快速扫盲：十大词类/七大成分/五大基本句型第5天：谓语动词的秘密“谓语动词”之时态/被动“谓语动词”之虚拟/情态【第三部分】阅读能力提升第11天：读懂句子之“组件分析法”高分内功特训之“同步视译”高分内功特训之“断句朗读”第12天：读懂段落之“段落的十个秘密”高分内功特训之“主题阅读”第13天：阅读理解“内功提升”三步法【第四部分】写作能力提升第14天：微观雕琢五步造句法（最核心提分技术）造句魔鬼特训第15天：宏观打造书面表达标准段落结构及写法天龙八“步”作文法课后题0.2不论是学霸冲刺高分还是学渣完美逆袭，都需要哪四方面基础知识？答：1、_词汇_____知识2、_语法_____知识3、_阅读_____高分技能4、_写作_____高分技能第一天单词的秘密一、单词需要学多少？：16000GRE/GMAT/LSATTOEFL/IELTS：8000-12000考研：6500六级：6750四级：4500高考：3000-3500中考：1600~1800二、背单词的有效方法1、死磕法2、联想法①口诀联想法lie lied lied 规则的是说谎lie lay lain 不规则是“躺”lay laid laid 躺过就下蛋，下蛋不规则。
②谐音联想法shop/shopping angel athleteleader cookie amateurgene robust germcigar apology agonyimmigrate ambition yogurttoast nutrition admiregiant curse economybass adult timiddelta ambulance envelop③拆分联想法motel chaos assesselegant candidate glovechill isolate donationsuperb leisure tuitiongenius scream protestschedule Inherit stimulatecargo abundanttenant crystal课后题1.1 请写出下列单词的中文释义：Schedule abundant donation elegant immigrant3、词源法he – she live – evilbest – worst melon -- lemonplus – minus tomb – wombglad – sad zealous – jealousnear – far hospitality – hostilityaccuse – excuse humble – noblemake – fake diction – actionmonkey-donkey maximum—minimumwild – mild quantity—qualityhost – guest fire—hirejunior – senior offend—defendarmy – navy assign– resignphysical – mental arrow-bowhungry – thirty import – export前缀 + 词根 + 后缀改变单词倾向 + 决定单词意思 + 词性inter + nation + al = inter nation al原理熟词生“词根”加“前缀”表倾向加“后缀”表种属（词性）词根词缀法可以用于记忆一些比较我勒个去的长单词pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanokoniosispneumono ultra micro scopic silico volcano koniosis肺部的-极端的-微小的-观测-硅-火山-粉尘病矽肺病①前缀 + 词根：impossible不可能的 = im- 不 + possible 可能的re build重建 = re- 重、再 + build 建设pro spect展望 = pro-向前 + spect 看export输出 = ex- 出 + port 运②词根 + 后缀read er读者= re a d 读 + -er 人dent ist牙科医生= dent 牙齿 +-ist 从事某种职业者hopeful充满希望的= hope 希望 + -ful 充满…的hopeless无希望的= hope 希望 + -less 无...的③前缀 + 词根 + 后缀uncomfort able不舒服的= un- 不 + comfort 舒服 + -able 能..pro gress ive 前进的= pro- 向前+ gress走+ ive ...的contemporary 同时代的= con- 同 + tempor时代+ -ary ...的④ ace“ac-”尖、酸accuse v.指责；控告acute a.敏锐的；急性的；锐角的aci d a. 酸的；尖酸liqu id a.液体的sol id a.固体的⑤ spir=breathe,表示“呼吸”spir it n精神；情绪conspire v 同谋expire v断气；期满in spire v吸气；鼓励per spire v 出汗re spire v呼吸；恢复精神tran spire v泄露di spirit v使沮丧（dis去掉+spirit精神）⑥关于词根词缀法的几点补充说明1、词根词缀法只能用来背单词，不能用来猜单词yellowish reddish brownishScottishEnglish2、有些单词无法用词根词缀法解释fiancéfiancéelatte cappuccino spaghettitsunami volcano tornado课后题1.2请写出下列单词的中文释义：Prospect visualize contemporary export4、语境法①记单词=为单词建立“语感”语感=把语言和感觉直接联系起来的能力。
高考英语语法讲义
高考英语语法是考生必须要掌握的重要知识点。
下面是一份高考英语语法讲义，希望对你有所帮助。
英语中的时态分为一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。
考生需要熟练掌握各种时态的形式和用法，并能够根据上下文合理地使用。
英语中的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。
考生需要熟悉各种时态的被动语态形式，并能够根据上下文合理地选择使用。
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
考生需要了解各种名词性从句的结构和用法，并能够准确判断从句类型。
倒装句主要分为完全倒装和部分倒装。
考生需要熟悉各种倒装句的形式和用法，并能够准确判断句子的语序。
常见的并列连词包括and, but, or, so等。
考生需要熟悉各种并列连词的用法，并能
够准确使用。
连词主要分为并列连词和从属连词。
考生需要熟悉各种连词的用法，并能够准确判断句子结构和语义关系。
介词和介词短语是英语中常见的短语结构。
考生需要熟悉各种介词和介词短语的用法，并能够准确判断句子结构和语义关系。
形容词和副词是修饰名词和动词的重要词类。
考生需要掌握各种形容词和副词的形式和用法，并能够准确地运用它们。
以上是一些常见的高考英语语法知识点，考生需要在备考过程中认真学习和掌握，并通过大量的练习来提高语法应用能力。
祝你在高考中取得优异成绩！。
第一部分高考英语66个长难句通关一名词性从句1.They believe their dance with each sacred(神圣的)moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth.2.He suggests that we should change this situation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of,which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural homes of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas.3.At the same time,the authors of the book World Hunger:Twelve Myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not caused by production,but by problems in food distribution and politics.4.Howard’s idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside,far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.5.Throughout the twentieth century,advertising agencies promoted consumerism as a way of life,spreading the belief that people could be happy only if they bought the“right”products.6.In the last few decades,scientists have reached consensus and reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earth’s climate --something previously seen as beyond our control.7.Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least50feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary,language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.8.The fact that it might be possible to raise EQs means that schools need to make sure that their students are receiving the education they really need,and know that their futures are not entirely determined by their IQs.9.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer but there is fierce debate over whether it is human activity that has caused this global warming or whether it is just a natural phenomenon.10.Shay’s father knew that most of the boys would not want someone like Shay on their team,but the father also understood that if his son, mentally and physically disabled,were allowed to play,it would give him a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence.11.Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantages of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Westerners philosophy.12.The present question is that many people consider impossible what is really possible if effort is made.二定语从句13.He wanted to know what I thought,which confused me because I thought that the author of the article knew far more than I did.14.When you set out to do something different,there’s no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract of the publisher--to be a published writer--is unbelievably rewarding.15.Gone are the days when one could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one thing.16.It is now a children’s festival,when they can dress up and go to their neighbors’homes to ask for sweets，but if the neighbors do not give any sweets,the children might play a trick on them.17.One reason why we may dislike reading our own work is that we’re often disappointed that the rich ideas in our minds seem very thin and plain when first written down.18.Today,the Xinjiang Autonomous Region remains an international crossroad where traders from surrounding countries,and tourists from all over the world regularly meet.19.One of the earliest epidemics on record happened about500-550 AD when the Roman emperor at the time was attempting to rebuild the Roman Empire.20.The Silk Road got its name in the19th century when a German geographer identified it as the route through which the Romans got their silk from China.21.As a university we provide practical solutions for business and use our excellent industry links to influence the teaching of our courses,giving our students the skills and experience that employers want so that when you complete your course you’ll be ready to take off in your chosen career.22.After many years of studying and then listening to feedback from people who have read and used the information in his books,George discovered that there are three basic things that people need in order to make eating healthy foods their regular way of eating.23.The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations and truly engage in complex ideas.三状语从句24.While these activities might seem childish and cause laughter rather than respect,in reality they require an enormous amount of strength and fitness as well as determination.25.I had already heard that George didn’t like being kept waiting,so even though I didn’t have the right clothes on,I grabbed my boots and raced after him.26.Body language is used to communicate both attitudes and feelings from affection to anger just like any other language,but it differs from spoken language as it is not always explicit.27.Trust yourself,write down your goals for the day,however small they are,and you’ll be a step closer to achieving them.28.As we all know,however good an advertisement is,people areunlikely to be persuaded if the product is unsuitable for them.29.Although today we are more accustomed to typing a few key words into a search engine and waiting for the Internet to spit the answer out for us,modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the world’s problems with this type of analysis---luckily for us.30.Put simply,the existence of mirror neurons(镜像神经元)suggests that every time we see someone else do something,our brains imitate it，whether or not we actually perform the same action.31.The voyages of travelers before the17th century show that they were not at the mercy of the sea even though they did not have modern navigational aids.32.Snakes are very shy and usually attack only if they are disturbed and feel threatened.33.When it comes to advertising,consumers need to be educated about techniques used by advertisers so they can judge the claims for themselves and not blindly accept everything that is said in advertisements.34.When rescue did come,we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.35.We have so easily been attracted by the promise andpotential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what die t products are doing to us.四特殊结构36.They don’t see men succeeding in society so it doesn’t occur to them that they could make something of themselves.37.When it comes to talking to the boss on the phone,cooking dinner and keeping an eye on the baby all at the same time,it’s women who come out on top every time.38.Only through the united efforts of people with hope,can we be fully safe against the misuse of science and can science best serve mankind in the future.39.Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy,I would have appreciated his warning.40.No sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full night’s sleep.41.Not only did Tom introduce over120species of plants to Western gardens but he also shipped20,000tea plants from Shanghai to India, where a successful tea industry was established.42.Not only will a lodger earn you an income,but also,thanks to the government-backed“rent a room”program,you won’t have to pay any tax on the first￡4500you make per year.43.Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight,my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown’sGrove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty,a newly-opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton,where--luckily for me--I was planning to have dinner that very night.44.Before1066,in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.45.Ill and suffering as she was after the inhuman punishment,she yet remained so cheerful and confident,eager to devote the little strength left to her to helping the other comrades.46.The old couple have been married for40years and never once have they quarreled with each other.47.To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.48.It was not until November13,1956that the US Supreme Court declared separation on buses was not constitutional.49.They come to see the grand sights of the Great Wall and the Forbidden City but often it is the hutongs that leave the strongest impression,as they offer the travellers a rare view into China’s past. 50.It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.51.It was then that I realized that I had not really come to help,but to learn about and experience another culture that helped improve my own understanding of life and the world.52.Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period,it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the1860s.53.However,it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices.54.To get ahead in the world and lead a happy successful life means getting on with other people and being able to understand and react to situations in the best way possible.55.A consumer can complain to the organization,giving reasons for their complaint,and if the complaint is correct,the organization can make the company stop using the offending advertisement.56.The study,published in2009,found that when writing with a pen and paper,participants wrote longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate.57.Supported by his academic research,Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone’s future success,their character,as measured by EQ tests,might actually matter more than their IQ.58.In the past,if someone like me had failed to get into university through the college exam,he would have had no chance of getting a degree.59.If this state of affairs had lasted,English today would be close to German.60.The measure of a man’s real character is what he would do if he knew he would never be found out.61.Their money would be wasted if the message didn’t reach its target audience,in other words the people the advertisement intends to persuade.62.Had Yeats stopped writing at age40,he would probably now be valued as a minor poet,for there is no other example in literary historyof a poet who produces his greatest works between the ages of50and 75.63.Still,he could not help thinking that if anything should happen,the nearest person he contact by radio,unless there was a ship nearby, would be on an island885miles away.64.As studies continue to prove Traditional Chinese Medicine’s worth, especially in helping patients with cancer and AIDS,it becomes more and more obvious that Western Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine complement each other.65.For example,adolescent boys are more likely to buy computer games than any other group,so it makes sense to make computer game ads that appeal to this group.66.The more exposed young people are to financial issues,and the younger they become aware of them,the more likely they are to become responsible,forward-planning adults who manage their finances confidently and effectively.。
read 熟义：vt. 读，朗读，阅读生义：vt.看懂，理解；显示，上面写着1 In Simon’s case, the grades were awfully low.He couldn’t read his own handwriting. （2014.浙江卷）在Simon的案例中，他的成绩非常低。
他甚至无法阅读自己的笔迹。
2 Over the weekend, he worked through the piles of handmade cards at his house. One card from a student stood out to him. It read: “Mr.Haze, you are my sunshine. （2019.天津卷）在周末，他在家里处理了一堆手工卡片。
一张来自学生的卡片引起了他的注意。
上面写着：“哈泽先生，你是我的阳光。
”3 “If we’re successful,” their mission statement reads, “we believe this will be one of the most important and widely beneficial scientific advances evermade.”（2020.北京卷）“如果我们成功了,” 他们的使命宣言如此阐述，“我们相信这将成为有史以来最重要且影响最广泛的科学进步之一。
”regard 熟义vt. 把......看作生义：vt.认为，看作；注视n.尊敬,敬佩; 关注，关心 [pl.] 致意，问候1 Their response to the questions reflected their true belief that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply insist on mutual (相互的) recognitionand regard. (2022.全国乙卷）他们对问题的回应反映出他们真实的信念：“只有你能看见我，我才能看见你。
高考英语一词多义讲义（2）1.cut（1）vt．，vi．切，割，剪：Would you please cut the cake in half?请把蛋糕切成两半好吗？I read this story in the paper this morning and cut it out for you.今天上午我在报纸上读到这个故事便给你剪下来了。
（2）vt．割破，划破：He shaved hurriedly this morning and cut himself badly.他今天早上匆匆忙忙地刮脸，刮破了不少地方。
（3）vi．横穿，穿越（介词用across/through）：The Wayle cut sacross a park.威尔河横穿过一个公园。
The road cuts across/through the forest.这条路穿过森林。
2.row（1）vt．，vi．划船：Have you ever learned to row (a boat)?你学过划船吗？John rowed across the lake quickly.约翰很快划到了湖那边。
（2）n. 排，行，列：The trees were planted in a row.树整齐地种了一排。
3. treat/triːt/vt. 对/看待；招/款待；治疗；处理拓展(1)treat sb. as...把某人看作……treat sb. of sth. 治疗某人的(病)treat sb. to sth..招待某人吃……；用……款待某人treat sb. with...以……方式对待某人(2)My treat.我请客。
(3)treatment n.治疗；处理；待遇under treatment 在治疗中例句①Police say they’re treating it as a case of attempted murder.警方说，他们把它当作谋杀未遂案。
高考英语语法INTRODUCTION 介绍在本期课程中，您将学到一下高考英语知识点，倒装句，祈使句，反义疑问句，非谓语动词，谓语动词，定语从句和名词性从句，状语从句，冠词，代词，形容词副词等高考必考考点，并且从【认知】【深化】【练习】和【记忆】这几方面深度剖析英语语法和高考解题思路。
第一章倒装【认知】QUESTION①:什么是倒装（2006年四川）At the foot of the mountain_____.A. a village liesB. lies a villageC. does a village lieD. lying a village【认知】ANSWER①:什么是倒装---倒装就是英语的语序问题。
A. a village lies 正常语序（主语+谓语）B. lies a village 不正常语序（谓语+主语）C. does a village lie不正常语序（助动词+主语+谓语）D. lying a village 没有语序（非谓语）【认知】ANSWER①:什么是倒装---倒装就是英语的语序问题。
英语语序：正常语序（主语+谓语）全倒装语序（谓语+主语）半倒装语序（助动词+主语+谓语）强调语序（主语+助动词+谓语）正常语序 I hate you!全倒装语序 Hate I you!半倒装语序 Do I hate you!强调语序 I do hate you!正常语序Lucy accomplished her task!全倒装语序 ?半倒装语序 ?强调语序 ?（2006年四川）At the foot of the mountain_____.A. a village liesB. lies a villageC. does a village lieD. lying a village为什么这个题要用倒装？【深化】QUESTION②:什么时候应该用倒装？（2006年四川）At the foot of the mountain_____.A. a village liesB. lies a villageC. does a village lieD. lying a village【深化】ANSWER②:不该放在句首的东西放在了句首就要用到装，这个不应该放在句首的东西通常是一个句子中最重要的状语。
一、什么是“无灵主语句”无灵主语句是一种特殊的语法结构，其核心特点是用无生命的事物(如情感、动作、时间、地点、物品等)作为主语，而谓语部分则是由人的行为或社会团体的动作构成。
这种结构经常带有拟人化的修辞色彩，使语言描写更加生动形象。
二、“无灵主语句”分类1、情感状态的抽象名词+谓语在续写中写到人物的情绪或心理时，别总用sb. feel xx，不如试试无灵主语句，来个高级的情绪描写。
用在续写中绝对加分！“情感状态的抽象名词+谓语动词”的描写有：①Fear gripped the village.(整个村庄笼罩在恐怖之中)②Courage deserted him. (他失去了勇气)③Anger choked my words. (我气的说不出话)常见的情绪名词：happiness, joy, delight 开心快乐；surprise, astonishment 惊奇惊讶；shame 羞耻羞愧；anger 愤怒；despair 绝望；regret 遗憾后悔；sorrow 悲伤；horror 惊恐；anxiety 焦虑；disappointment 失望沮丧；satisfaction 满意满足；puzzlement 困惑不解；常见的谓语动词：seize 侵袭；choke 噎住堵住；flood 充满；creep 不知不觉产生；grip 紧抓；give way to 被xx代替；wash over 洗涤侵袭；deserted 丢弃遗弃。
2、思考/动作行为的名词+谓语在续写中描写人物动作或思考行为时，也可以整一个无灵主语句，更不错!“思考/动作行为的名词+谓语动词”的描写有：①The sight of the scene filled me with horror. (看到这个情景我心中充满了恐惧)②A terrible thought suddenly struck me. (我突然想到一个可怕的想法)③A ten minutes’walk brought us to the hotel. (我们步行十分钟就到了旅馆)常见的人物行为词汇有：sight 看到，thought 想法，glance 一瞥，look看到，idea 想法，feeling 感受，walk 走路；等等。
高考英语解题终极技巧一、语法填空——首段首句必须读，有空格没给括号的需要读。
涉及连词，上下句应该读。
【1】题目中给出括号：1.给出词性与需求词性相同——考本身（空格中的词性）<1>名词：单复数<2>代词："格"的转换（一般不给括号）<3>形容词副词：比较级，最高级★★★（新趋势）考反义词possible—>impossible<4>动词：时态，语态2.给出词性与需求词性不同——考转化（词性转化）★★★热点+难点<1>动词变名词V加ing和加后缀形成n有什么区别v+ing 是动词本身的意思，表示动作加后缀的n意思发生转化如果v是及物动词，后面加n，是不及物动词，需要加介词再接n.___Loving（v+ing）__ you is difficult.___Love（n.）__ is difficult. 名词(love)不能直接接名词(you)My ___love（n.）__ of you. 动词(love)前面不能接形容词(my)<2> 空格填表语，括号给名词，名词需不需要转化n + 系动词+ ____若表语与n.是修饰关系，则___填adj若表语与n.是等号关系，则___填n.如: you are beauty beauty=you—>你=美人you are beautiful beautiful修饰you—>美丽的你【2】只有空格介连冠代情态动词虚拟语气感叹句<what +n. / how+adj.>一般和特殊疑问句————————————————————————————<1>填写名词的情况——固定搭配<2>给出词性不变形——祈使句★★★终极预测______ (adj) ——> 答案：_____ 填the+adjthe +adj=n. 表示一类人的概念如the old=elderly 老人二、改错——改错没出现从未考过的新错误，但每种错误个数变了错误个数：<1>名词11)不可数名词+s (advice—advice+s错)2)可数名词的单复数变化★★★单词＋s意思变化work工作works 作品；工厂new新的news新闻good 好的goods货品3)名词——>形容词(更可能在语法填空考察)<2>代词1单复数+"格"的问题1)here there互变2)so+adj/adv ；such+n3)many+可数n ；much+不可数n★★★预测热点1)缺代词2)other系列(这个非常难，笔记是很难描述的)1.名词数的问题。
名词分为单数和复数，这种定义不对。
应该分为（用集合表示）单数(0,1]双数(1,2]多数（2,+∞）2.由于代词是指代名词，所以代词也有单数双数和多数之分双数：both 2者each [2,+∞)多数：all [3,+∞) every [3,+∞)3.介词后面接名词，有些介词只能接双数n.，有些只能接多数n.between 2者among [3,+∞)4.形容词用来修饰名词，所以形容词的形式取决于名词如：good better best这三者都是一样表示"好"，它们的用法取决于比较对象数量good 单数n. 只有一个对象better 双数n. 两个对象比较，一个好另一个不太好best 多数n. 多个对象如：I am the best student in our class.比较对象是每一个学生，比较每一个学生的成绩，比较对象＞3，所以用best.I am better than other students.这里用better，是因为比较对象是I和other students，比较对象是两个。
I am good student in our school.这里的good只是强调我是一个好学生，并没有与谁对比，所以说只有1个对象。
————————————————————————————由上面的计数原理推出other的用法采用分拨方法：双数：1.已知对象两个one(一个) the other(另一个)多数：2.在多数里面做个体观察。
比如一个班有24个人，有一个人(one)很好，那么另一个人是24个人中一个，用another表示。
one(一个) another(另一个)3.在多数里面，分成两拨(一个，其余所有)one(一个) the others(另一些)4.在多数里面，分成多拨some(第1拨) others(第2拨) still others(第3拨) still still others ————————————————————————————<3>形容词副词11)比较级最高级2)是否加-ly_____，+句子——>_____填副词(-ly)带ly的副词做表语，把副词改成形容词increasing(adj)+ly surprising(adj)+ly变副词注：一般v+ing，可以当adj也可以作adv.3)变反义词——逻辑错加难度：反义词+词性转化反义词+比较最高级<4>动词11)时态现在过去互变第三人称单数进行完成被动互变2)语气情态动词错should do结构，should省略。
适用于[建议命令要求那类动词]I suggest he goes to Beijing. [goes—>go]3)语态4)and前后动词不平行[and属于快捷方式]<5>从句11)缺从句2)从句类型错，引导词错(定从) that which互变[____，句子]that，what，how 互变——翻译：what 什么/什么……的事/多么+n.how 如何/什么……的方式/多么+adj/adv.3)关系代词与关系副词互换which where when why<6>非谓语1情况：动词个数不对；句子中出现非谓语动词1)1个句子出现2个动词原型，1个变非谓语2)-ing -ed互变。
主被动的考察，by是快捷方式3)加减to [省略to，let, make, have 表"使/让"时，直接+v.]4)★★★预测to do—>to doing ，此时的to为介词look forward to+dongprefer to do prefer doing to doing<7>连词(逻辑) 11)连词：转折，因果并列否定互变2)变否定+not单词前加否定前缀with—>without<8>介词1介词宾语与被修饰成分间的逻辑关系1) 介词用错了—改介词地点关系：in 在里面；on 在上面；at 强调状态时间关系：on time 强调某点到；in time 强调之前at/with：at在某一点，with在某一段时间内go to(到达)talk to 向某人说话；talk about(关于，强调范围) 谈论XXhear(vi.) of 听见一些事vi.+ of +n. 实现词性转化hear from(来自)2)缺少介词不及物动词+n. 中间需要加介词3)删介词及物动词+介词，去掉介词区分及物动词和不及物动词我______ 他(主动)他被我_____(被动)——将动词代入上面空格，翻成中文，合适即为及物动词，不合适为不及物动词例：kill 杀我kill 他"我杀了他"他被我kill "他被我杀了"例：dance 跳舞我dance 他"我跳舞他"他被我dance "他被我跳舞"——不及物动词+n，中间加prep，且它没有被动形式。
<9>冠词the+ 不可数n. ；可数n.单数；可数n.复数a/an+ 可数n.单数零冠词不可数n. ；可数n.复数——可数n.单数必须加冠词，the或a/ana/an 泛指(不知道对象是谁) 有一个the 特指(清楚对象) 就这个(些)；就那个(些)零冠词有一些；不翻译特例：for example/for instanceas a resultat first ————————————————————————————————此处从句讲解(简化版)1.名词性从句，句子的词化。
n + v + n 原来的n由一个句子充当。
充当n的句子必须加连接词。
that 没有含义；whether/if表是否；特殊疑问词。
(16新课标1) My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.close to是动词，所以that I live应该是名词性从句。
但是that没有含义，所以应该把that改成where.注意：翻译的时候，需要直译，不要主观给单词加意思2.名词性从句与定语从句的转化。
名词性从句：句子变n.定语从句：句子变adjI know what you know = I know the thing that you know我知道什么你知道的事= 我知道你知道的事情what = the thing that如1所提到的close to where I live = close to the place that I livewhere = the place that另：whatever= anything that，其余同理。
3.五步插入法(不讲)定语从句与同位语从句的区别：定从修饰前面的名词，同从等于前面的名词(句子前一般加that)4.that和which的区别语法填空that和which都能用的情况，一般选that只用which的两种情况：逗号+从句；prep+which改错中，序数词(first)，不定代词(everything)，连词用that不用which三、完形填空一、文章结构角度：1.总分结构：总——分；总——分——总——任何一道题不会做看首段首句2.文章首段首句不出题首段首句是文章中心，如果出题，影响对中心的理解。
3.分段首句出题分段中心：1)看文章首段首句；2)看该段内容[论据—>论点]二、文章内容角度：1.议论文和说明文——首段首句一定是文章中心2.记叙文(花朵文)-读完第一句，必须知道行文方向-事物一定具有不完美性，最终价值取向一定是真善美3.★★★倪萍逻辑——根据已知信息推出答案春节联欢会突出了_____的主题A 吉祥B 幸福C 中国梦D 联欢三、具体解题技巧：1.动词<1>看主语：主语是人还是人，是否能接相应动词<2>看宾语：win+sb./game 特殊规定；只能用to do/ doing作宾语[自己百度]<3>看搭配：动词与介词的搭配；双宾语；接宾补★★★动词结果题：persuade 劝服(劝了并且成功)，表示结果而不是过程2.连词考察上下句之间的逻辑关系<1>翻译上句，翻译下句<2>判断上下句逻辑是一致还是相反一致：相反：1)转折，让步2)as尽管；while然而3)adj/adv +as 主语+系动词As popular as he is, the President hasn’t always managed to have his own way.尽管总统很受拥戴，但也并非总能随心所欲。
