连淑能 英译汉教程 笔记和课后习题详解 课后习题答案[第⑧册]

英译汉教程练习参考答案Key to the Exercises (for reference only)Keys to the exercises for the first semester1 They considered that such work is of particular relevance in helping developing countries, in particular governments and SMEs, to better understand and participate in processes under way in other intergovernmental organizations dealing with telecommunications and their trade applications, in particular the International Telecommunications Union and World Trade Organization.1) Analysis of the original:A) Grammatical analysis:The selection consists of a single sentence, consisting of a main clause and an object clause. Additionally, in the sentence, in particular governments and SMEs is embedded as a parenthesis. In the object clause, better understand and participate in processes could be understood as better understand the processes and better participate in them. Then the word processes is modified by both under way and in other intergovernmental organizations. It can be understood that the processes are dealing with… or preferably, other intergovernmental organizations are dealing with … . However, the International Telecommunications Union and World Trade Organization is in apposition to other intergovernmental organizations.B) Stylistic analysis:Stylistically speaking, the selection consists of a periodic sentence for the embedding of a parenthesis. In terms of structure, the sentence is rather formal and complicated in that it is grammatically complete and every grammatical unit is formally connected with every relevant others. The complication mainly lies in the gerundial phrase helping…, which takes an object and an object complement, consisting of two coordinate verb phrases and the word processes is followed by two attributes, as revealed in the grammatical analysis. And the content in the prepositional phrase in particular… is used to specify or exemplify the content in another prepositional phrase in other intergovernmental organizations…. In the selection, parallel structures could be easily identified, for example, governments and SMEs; to better understand and participate; telecommunications and their trade applications; the International Telecommuni- cations Union and World Trade Organization; in other intergovernmental organizations dealing with telecommunications and their trade applications, and in particular the International Telecommunications Union and World Trade Organization. In terms of lexical cohesive device, examples could be found as follows:particular, organization, telecommunications, and others are repeatedly used; government is used as a partial repetition for intergovernmental, though of different categories. In the selection, formal words, including nominalizations, are frequently used, for example, consider, particular, relevance, developing, country, government, understand, participate, telecommunications, and many others.2) Staged translation:A) Translation 1:他们认为，这样的工作在帮助发展中国家，尤其在帮助政府和中小企业，关系甚为密切，以更好地理解并参与到正在进行的过程中去，参与到其他政府间的组织中去，应付通讯和电讯的贸易应用，尤其在国际电讯联盟和世界贸易组织中。

《英译汉教程》____练习参考答案普通⾼等教育“⼗⼀五”国家级规划教材英译汉教程练习参考答案连淑能厦门⼤学教授、博导Chapter 1 General PrinciplesDrills 1.3.1(1) 1. 这对克服困难很有帮助。

（go a long way towards something/doing something = helpgreatly in [achieving] something, OALD 2002: 525;《新英汉词典》2000: 1577）2. 趁你还年轻的时候，加油吧！/青春不再，趁早努⼒。

（go it = act in a manner that is quicker,more lively, impatient, etc., than is usual. Longman Dictionary of English Idioms1979: 130;《英汉⼤词典》1993: 740）3. 我需要更多空闲的时间。

（could do with something = need or want something, LDCE1998: 435）4. 这次失败促使他成功。

（[the making of] = a means of gaining great improvement orsuccess, LDCE 1998: 918）5. 我盼望在最后⼀刻可以挽救和平。

（the eleventh hour = the very last moment, LDCE 1998:478）6.她对此事很了解。

（know a thing or two [about somebody/something] = know a lot [aboutsomebody/something], OALD 2002: 825）7. 她真是爱说话。

/她太喜欢说话了。

（ready = willing to do, LDCE 1998: 1249, 参见“学⽣⽤书”243页）8.⽆线电传来了该地区发现⼤油⽥的消息。

Chapter 3 Translation of cultural factors（文化因素的翻译）3.1 Translation of Culture-loaded Expressions（文化词语译法）Ⅰ. Domesticating Translation1. to kill the goose that lays the golden eggs【译文】杀鸡取卵2. kill two birds with one stone【译文】一箭双雕；一举两得3. carrot and stick【译文】软硬兼施；威逼利诱；奖惩并用4. a land of honey and milk【译文】鱼米之乡5. Jack of all trades and master of none【译文】杂而不精的人6. to separate the sheep from the goats【译文】分辨良莠7. to take French leave【译文】不告而别8. to carry coals to Newcastle【译文】多此一举【解析】纽卡斯尔是英国煤炭重镇，故往纽卡斯尔运煤是多此一举。

9. to paint the lily【译文】画蛇添足10. to face the music【译文】临危不惧11. to mind one’s P’s and Q’s【译文】谨言慎行12. to put the cart before the horse【译文】本末倒置13. to laugh off one’s head【译文】笑掉大牙14. as timid as a rabbit【译文】胆小如鼠15. as mute as a fish【译文】噤若寒蝉16. neither fish nor flesh【译文】不伦不类17. six of one and half a dozen of the other【译文】半斤八两18. to spend money like water【译文】挥金如土19. to look for a needle in haystack【译文】大海捞针20. Better be the head of a dog than the tail of a lion. 【译文】宁为鸡头，不为凤尾。

《新英汉翻译教程》章课后答案How to explain that I was not a proud owner seeking admiration for his vehicle, but a tourist who had broken down 如何解释,我不是一个骄傲的主人寻求佩服他的汽车,但游客坏了吗Special equipment assures that the computers will not be disturbed by power interruptions that last less than two hours.特种设备确保计算机就不会被打断,力量持续不到两个小时。

It is actually very, very old and was not always as beautiful as it is now. It is not certain how the Earth began. Probably it began as a huge globe of gas and dust. The globe became smaller and denser. Today the outer layer or crust is cool and hard, 它实际上是非常非常老的,并不总是像现在这样美丽。

这都是不确定的地球就开始了。

可能起源于一个由气体和尘埃组成的庞大球体。

地球变得更小且致密。

今天的外层或地壳是凉爽且硬,It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, not horror, nor any of the other emotions that she had been prepared for.那表情不是生气，不是惊讶，不是不满，不是嫌恶，也不是她原先准备应付的任务一种感情。

Modern geology has for its aim the deciphering of the whole evolution of the earth from the time of the earlier records that can be recognized in the rocks to the present day.当代地质解释为其目标的整体演化的地球早期的时间记录,可以识别岩石到当代。

普通高等教育“十一五”国家级规划教材英译汉教程练习参考答案连淑能厦门大学教授、博导Chapter 1 General PrinciplesDrills 1.3.1(1) 1. 这对克服困难很有帮助。

（go a long way towards something/doing something = helpgreatly in [achieving] something, OALD 2002: 525;《新英汉词典》2000: 1577）2. 趁你还年轻的时候，加油吧！/青春不再，趁早努力。

（go it = act in a manner that is quicker,more lively, impatient, etc., than is usual. Longman Dictionary of English Idioms1979: 130;《英汉大词典》1993: 740）3. 我需要更多空闲的时间。

（could do with something = need or want something, LDCE1998: 435）4. 这次失败促使他成功。

（[the making of] = a means of gaining great improvement orsuccess, LDCE 1998: 918）5. 我盼望在最后一刻可以挽救和平。

（the eleventh hour = the very last moment, LDCE 1998:478）6.她对此事很了解。

（know a thing or two [about somebody/something] = know a lot [aboutsomebody/something], OALD 2002: 825）7. 她真是爱说话。

/她太喜欢说话了。

（ready = willing to do, LDCE 1998: 1249, 参见“学生用书”243页）8.无线电传来了该地区发现大油田的消息。

汉英翻译基础教程第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2)第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4)第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9)第四章动词的翻译 (11)第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12)第六章成语的英译 (13)第七章修辞格的翻译 (17)笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19)第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20)第十章换序和转态译法 (23)笫十一章断句合句译法 (25)笫十二章长句的翻译 (27)第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29)第十五章风格与翻译 (30)第十六章语用与翻译 (32)第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第一节翻译中的选义一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文1. b2. a3. b4. a二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配1． a swarm of beesa brood of chickensa litter of pups2. a bevy of beautiful ladiesa pack of houndsa team of ducksa herd of antelopes3. unfailing supportproactive fiscal policymake effective use of overseas resources4. make a phone calltake a taxiknit a woolen sweaterfetch waterplay basketballspray insecticide5. basic wagecapital constructionessential commodityprimary industryfundamental interest三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4. Everyone complained against such a practice.5. They had a dispute at the meeting.6. You should follow the doctor's advice.7. They reached a consensus on this issue.8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.9. We have consulted him about the matter.10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now第二节翻译中的选词一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。

Examples & Drills 1.3.1Improve or correct the following translations:(1) Poor translation due to inaccurate comprehension:1）This will go a long way towards overcoming the difficulties.这对克服困难有很大的帮助。

2）Go it while you are young.趁还年轻就放手去做吧。

3）I could do with more leisure time.我需要更多的空闲时间。

4）This failure was the making of him.这次失败造就了他。

5）I wish peace could be saved at the eleventh hour.我希望在最后时刻可以赢得和平。

6）. She knew a thing or two about it.她对此事有些了解。

7）She is too ready to speak.她很乐意发言。

8）News came through on the wireless of a rich oil field district.通过无线电传来了某一藏油丰富地区的消息。

9）News came through on the wireless of a rich oil field district.根据当时的形势他深信将会有一场漫长而艰苦的战争。

10）What are the perspectives of the national liberation movement and the relations between Chinaand the Third World countries?对民族解放运动和中国同第三世界国家关系的看法是什么呢？(2) Poor translation due to inappropriate representation:1）This is a 100-hour reliable engine.这台发动机可以连续运转100个小时，非常可靠。

Chapter 1 Lexical Translation（词法翻译）1.1 Diction（选词法）Ⅰ. Choice of Affective Meanings1. In our Second Address on the war, five days after the advent of those men, we told you what they were.【译文】在这伙人上台五天以后，我们在关于前次战争的第二篇宣言中已经向你们说明他们究竟是些什么货色了。

2. Many of the old Orleanist stagers had merged into the Bonapartist lot.【译文】很多奥尔良的老角色也与波拿巴派同流合污了。

3. As a demanding boss, he expected total loyalty and dedication from his employees.【译文】他是个苛刻的老板，要求手下的人对他忠心耿耿，鞠躬尽瘁。

【解析】“demanding”本身属于中性词，但根据句意而翻成贬义词。

4. It is my comfort and my sincere conviction that you are going to try the life for which you are best fitted. I think it freedom and wildness more suited to you than any experiment in a study of office would ever have been, and without that training, you could have followed no other suitable occupation.【译文1】你将体验的生活是最适合你的，这是我的安慰，也是我诚挚的信念。

第1章翻译概述1.1复习笔记第1节翻译学习方法和译者合格条件一、翻译学习方法掌握必要翻译知识和理论，进行大量实践阅读翻译理论书籍、期刊，进行名著翻译实践、阅读翻译技巧书籍、浏览翻译网站等。

二、译者合格条件（一）外文水平高有些原文在特定情况下有特定译法，不能一概而论。

要特别重视基本功的训练。

1.(Just)imagine(it).【译文】不可能/想不到/没想到【解析】≠把它想象一下吧。

2.I’ll buy it.【译文】我不懂。

/我答不出。

/请告诉我。

【解析】≠我将买它。

（二）中文水平高母语好是理解和表达的需要。

理解指汉译英时理解汉语原文，表达指英译汉时可用好的汉语来表达。

（三）知识面广1.John can be relied on,he eats no fish and plays the game.【译文】约翰为人可靠，他既诚实又正直。

【解析】需要英国历史典故方面的知识。

2.The Security Council has been seized of the question since then.【译文】安理会自那时以来就一直受理这个问题。

【解析】需要国际法方面的知识。

3.Nyaungu was actually the boundary between the two Japanese divisions.【译文】良字实际上是日军两个师的结合部。

【解析】需要地理、军事等方面的知识。

（四）政治觉悟高这一点在决定用词褒贬时要特别注意。

1.the peasant uprisings in the history of China【译文】中国历史上的农民起义【解析】不能根据英国的ALD及其香港出的汉译翻成“中国历史上的农民叛乱(或叛变)”，而应译为“农民起义”。

2.The enemy killed one of our comrades and we killed an enemy agent.【译文】敌人杀害了我们一位同志，我们宰了一个敌特。

《大学英语实用翻译教程》参考答案第二章第一节练习一：一、1．保护人类基因健康是个比较严峻的问题，但这不过是问题的一个方面而已。

2．这些是科学家和技术专家研制的机器和产品。

3．科学已成为力量的一种源泉，不只是适宜于幻想的题材了。

4．建造和装饰宫殿、教堂和寺院的款项都由经商的富户承担支付。

5．查理一世和下议院的争吵已到了紧要关头，后来内战爆发，并在白厅把斯图尔特王朝的君主送上了断头台。

6．在开辟第二战场之前，美国步兵精神饱满，营养充足，还没有在战斗中受过创伤。

练习二：一、1．已经拟就一张至今已教过的所有动词的表。

2．每天从全国各地传来各行各业取得伟大成就的消息。

3．城乡之间的差别依然存在。

4．那一年，建立了旨在促进研究和试验的英国航空学会。

5．这里出版的报纸谴责侵略者屠杀大批无辜人民。

6．凡是成功的科学家常常把注意力集中在他发现尚未得到满意解答的问题上。

练习三：1．所有植物组织和动物组织主要由碳化合物、水和少量的矿物质组成。

2．他们并不认为有必要提供学生经常使用的名词化规则和构造使役句的规则。

3．各种族集团的文化特性、民间传说、神话和信仰都是根据文化进化规律起源于每一个集团的内部。

4．个别国家的科学努力可能将由跨国机构来进行统一和协调。

5．解放前，这个城市的垃圾和苍蝇一向无人过问，结果经常发生地方性病疫。

6．他是美国印第安人作家、演讲家和争取印第安人权利运动的活动家。

第二章第二节练习一：一、1．我原先以为这部机器不过是一种没有什么价值的玩具。

2．第二天一早，饱饱地吃了一顿早餐之后，他们便动身了。

3．你愿意别人如何待你，你就应该如何待别人。

4．这部打印机真是物美价廉。

5．我七岁时就会织毛衣。

6．钢铁制品常常涂上油漆以免生锈。

二、1．He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak.2．Before handing in your translation, you have to read it over and over again and see if there is anything in it to be corrected or improved.3．The ear is the organ which is used for hearing. The nose is used for smelling. And the tongue is used for tasting.4. Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.5．As it was getting quite dark, we decided to stop at that temple for the night.6．Internet is so convenient that we can find any information with the click of the mouse.练习二：一、1．勇敢过度，即成蛮勇；感情过度，即成溺爱；俭约过度，即成贪婪。

第9章同义词语、语域与翻译9.1 复习笔记第1节各类英语一、同义词语定义同义词语就是指同义词和同义短语或同义表达式。

所谓同义，只是相对而言。

实际上，不论是意义还是用法，相互间都有所不同。

如：警察：【译文】l. police，2. policeman，3. constable，4. police constable，5. officer，6. police officer，7. sheriff，8. sheriff，9. gendarme，10. bluecoat，11. beagle，12. peace officer，13. 1aw enforcement agent，14. arm of the law，15. bobby，16. peeler，17. cop，18. copper，19. bull，20. harness bull，21. flatfoot，22. gumshoe，23. gumshoeman，24. roundsman，25. government man，26. G-man，27. pig，28. fuzz，29. slop，30. flatty.【解析】所有这些词所指的客体基本是一致的，即都是指一个国家里维护法律、维护社会治安的“警察”，但它们各自的“感情意义”不一样。

比如peeler和cop是俚语，如果用peeler来指现代英国社会的警察，或不看上下文或不分场合地用peeler，那么，说话人除了说的是不规范语言外，还有“因循守旧”之嫌，因为现代英国人不再常用peeler来指“警察”了。

cop和copper差不多都指专门逮捕或抓人的人。

flatty和flatfoot几乎都是不抱同情地暗指一种曾经需要长时间站立的工作对脚的影响。

slop是俚语，它是把police 的辅音顺序倒过来了。

bobby是时事话题暗指的残存词，源于警察的创始人Robert Peel 的教名昵称Bob或Bobby。

英译汉教程第一章练习答案连淑能Examples & Drills 1.3.1Improve or correct the following translations:(1) Poor translation due to inaccurate comprehension:1）This will go a long way towards overcoming the difficulties.这对克服困难有很大的帮助。

2）Go it while you are young.趁还年轻就放手去做吧。

3）I could do with more leisure time.我需要更多的空闲时间。

4）This failure was the making of him.这次失败造就了他。

5）I wish peace could be saved at the eleventh hour.我希望在最后时刻可以赢得和平。

6）. She knew a thing or two about it.她对此事有些了解。

7）She is too ready to speak.她很乐意发言。

8）News came through on the wireless of a rich oil field district.通过无线电传来了某一藏油丰富地区的消息。

9）News came through on the wireless of a rich oil field district.根据当时的形势他深信将会有一场漫长而艰苦的战争。

10）What are the perspectives of the national liberation movement and the relations between Chinaand the Third World countries?对民族解放运动和中国同第三世界国家关系的看法是什么呢？(2) Poor translation due to inappropriate representation:1）This is a 100-hour reliable engine.这台发动机可以连续运转100个小时，非常可靠。

Examples & Drills 1.3.1Improve or correct the following translations:(1) Poor translation due to inaccurate comprehension:1）This will go a long way towards overcoming the difficulties.这对克服困难有很大的帮助。

2）Go it while you are young.趁还年轻就放手去做吧。

3）I could do with more leisure time.我需要更多的空闲时间。

4）This failure was the making of him.这次失败造就了他。

5）I wish peace could be saved at the eleventh hour.我希望在最后时刻可以赢得和平。

6）. She knew a thing or two about it.她对此事有些了解。

7）She is too ready to speak.她很乐意发言。

8）News came through on the wireless of a rich oil field district.通过无线电传来了某一藏油丰富地区的消息。

9）News came through on the wireless of a rich oil field district.根据当时的形势他深信将会有一场漫长而艰苦的战争。

10）What are the perspectives of the national liberation movement and the relations between Chinaand the Third World countries?对民族解放运动和中国同第三世界国家关系的看法是什么呢？(2) Poor translation due to inappropriate representation:1）This is a 100-hour reliable engine.这台发动机可以连续运转100个小时，非常可靠。

1、Studies serve for delight（高兴、欢喜）, for ornament 装饰and for ability.2、Histories make men wise; poets witty机智的; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave庄重; logic and rhetoric able to contend争论，争辩.3、When my grandfather died, my 83-year-old grandmother, once full of life, slowly began to fade.4、All is well that ends well.5、Where there is a way for a car, there is a Toyota.6、Not all cars are created equal.7、Showing off your proficiency with an axe before LuBan–the master carpenter8、to draw a snake and add feet to it to paint the lily9、电影名翻译：Casablanca Shrek Titanic Waterloo BridgeThe Bridge of Madison Broke Back Mountain10、定义：Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.译文：1，读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。