高中英语语法之状语从句ppt课件

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语序：陈述语序 状语从句必须由连词或短语引导，从 句的句子结构要完整。
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时间状语从句
(一)when，while，as 它们都引导时间状语从句，都可做“当……时候”解。
when意为“在……时刻或时期”，它可指“时间点” 或“时间段”
as意为“一边……一边”或“随着……”，着重表示 主句与从句的动作同时发生。
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(三)before的惯用句型 ①“过很久（时间段）才….”强调经过的时间长 It will be long / 一段时间 before + 从句(一般现在时) It was long / 一段时间 before + 从句(一般过去时)
②“没过很久（时间段）就…”强调经过的时间短 It will not be long / 一段时间 before + 从句(一般现在时) It was not long / 一段时间 before + 从句(一般过去时)
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As the day went on，the weather got worse. 随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越糟。 The train had just started when we arrived at the station. 我们到车站时火车刚发动。
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(二) as soon as， the moment，the second，the minute， directly，immediately都是“一……就……”的意思。 no sooner...than，hardly...when，scarcely...when 也是 “一……就……”之意，但它们有时态限制，前面部 分常用过去完成时，后面常用一般过去时。如果no sooner，hardly，scarcely在句首，句子要部分倒装。 the first time，the last time做连词时，意为“当第一 次……的时候”、“当最后一次……的时候”。
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我们一赶到那，天就开始下雨了。 We had hardly / scarcely arrived when it began to rain. Hardly / Scarcely had we arrived when it began to rain. We had no sooner arrived than it began to rain. No sooner had we arrived than it began to rain.
while只指“时间段”，意为“在……期间”，它所 引导的从句的谓语只能是持续性动词，经常是进行时。 while还可用作并列连词，意为“而”“但”，表对比 转折。
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We must keep silent while others are studying. 当其他人学习时，我们必须保持安静。
They were surprised that a child should work out the problem while they themselves couldn't. 他们很惊讶一个孩子竟然能解决那个问题而他们自 己却不能。
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—Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her？ 你欠玛丽的钱想着还了吗？ —Yes. I gave it to her the moment I saw her. 是的。我一见到她就给她了。 I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her. 我第一次见到她时觉得她非常诚实。
③当before引导的从句着重强调从句动作来不及发生时，全 句译为“来不及……就”或“不等……就”。
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It was not long before I forgot it all. 没过多久我就把这事全忘了。
The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.
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Sb was doing sth when...某人正在做某事时突然... Sb was about to / going to do sth when...某人将要做某事 时突然... Sb was on the point of doing sth when...某人刚要去做某 事时突然... Sb had just done sth when...某人刚做完某事突然...
他还没来得及冲进屋里救他们的孩子房顶就塌了。
It will be five years before we meet again. 我们要五年之后才会再见面。
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(四)till, until的用法 两者都表示“直到...”，基本上可以互换，但是till不能 放句首。 当表示主句动作延续到某时才停止时，主句用肯定句。 当表示主句动作到某时才开始发生时，主句用否定句， 即not...until..., Not until 从句或短语放句首时，其主句 要部分倒装。
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(五)by the time (到...时)引导的时间状语从句，如果 从句谓语动词用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词用过 去完成时；如果从句谓语动词用一般现在时，主句 谓语动词用将来完成时。
By the time you came back, I had finished this book.
By the time you come back, I will have finished this book.
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I’ll stay here until / till 12:00.(stay这个动作延续到12:00就 停止，主句用肯定) I won’t leave here until 12:00. (leave这个动作到12:00才发 生，主句用否定) Not until 12:00 will I leave here. His mother didn’t go to bed until he came back home. Not until he came back home did his mother go to bed