中考英语语法思维导图动词

情态动词
意思答语
表示推测
may 答语:肯定 Certainly./Sure./Yes,you
can.
否定 Sorry, but you
“必须” Must I…Yes, you must.
can’t/mustn’t No, you needn’t/don’t
h“av不e 得to不. ” Do I have to.. Yes, you
began to rain.
having
havin
g
32. Nick
a new camera. He has taken lots of pictures with it.
buying
buy
33. --Please bring your homework to school tomorrow, Steven. --OK. I
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动词中考点
时态语态 动词短语 非谓动词 情态动词 词义辨析
近六年河北中考动词原题再现
2006 年 is a nice city. My Dad me there when I was about ten years old.
more interesting than maths.
of
①完成时句中,与 for,since,how long 连用时,动词要用延续形式
go to, come to →be in/at leave→be away (from)
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arrive→be in/at
die →be kead
begin/start→be on
end →be
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on the computer when Jim came to see me yesterday evening.
A. draw
drawing
drawing
father
on business for two weeks. He’ll return in 3 days.
left
gone
been away
38. HAo.w’tasstAensnieB.I smells her foCr.asoluondgstime. D. feels
33’. tMyseferiend _____ ’me.t sIeehave to leave ’notw.see
’t seen
37. A. w_a_i_t_s for those lights, pleBa.sew.aiDtoend’ftoruse so Cm.ucihs ewnaeirtgiyn.g
12 分 you please tell Peter that I want to talk to him
---Sure, I will let him know as soon as he
back.
come
come
children
to swim last month and they can swim very well now.
’t
! Is that Kate ---No. It
be Kate. She has gone to London.
not
’t
’t
’t
83.“I’ve
（长大）.I can help with some housework.”she said
2007 年 32. -Must I finish the work today -No, you ___. You can finish it
____
.
’t
wk.baidu.com
’t
11 分 34. Thomas, please be quiet. The others
hear very well.
’t
’t
’t
’t
35. Last year, Li Hua, a college student,
to work for the
Olympic Games.
2009 年 29. cThhoiossisniglk drescsho_s_e_n__ so smooth. Icth’oossimnagde cihnosCehnina.
to her parents. tomorrow.
（关掉）the lights before you leave.
A. mustn’t
B. can’t
C. shouldn’t
D.
needn’t
33. I’ll do it better if the teacher _______ me another chance.
常用省略 to 的不定式作宾补的动词有：have, make, let, feel, see, observe, look at, listen to, notice, watch, hear, discover(被动语态要还原 to) 结构有：had better do, would rather do(than do), can’t but do, do nothing but do, have nothing to do but do, why do, why not do 作定语：要后置。若不定式是不及物动词，作定语时其后介词不能省。
现在分词
过去式、过去分词
+s
+ing
+ed
s,x,sh,ch,o+es
去 e+ing
辅+y→i+ed
辅+y→i+es
双写+ing
双写+ed
不规则
辅元辅，且重读，不忘 双写尾字母（除组合外）
ie→y+ing
不规则
时态判断
所用时态
时间
标志
一般现在时
on Sundays
频率/真理/时间条件状从
一般过去时 现在进行时
过去将要做
现在完成时 ★过去完成时
have/has+done 到现在已做
had+done
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到过去已做
语态
被动：be+done
一般现在
一般时过去
一般时将来
含情时态动 词 选项有无被动只需考
虑时态 该而不:感官发生实现
出版 使役动词正常不带 to 被动则带
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动词词形变化
三单
must.
“需要”N实o,义yo动u 词ne：endont’nte/eddotno’dto shatvhe. 情态动词t：o.needn’t do sth.
“一定”must “可能”may,might,could
“不可能”can’t
Would you like to do 答语“I’d like to”
(修饰的名词是 time,place,way 时其后上常省略介词)
作状语：表目的：go to sp. to do /do sb. can to do /follow sb. to do 表原因：be sorry to do/be happy to do/be pleased to do
后接 doing 的动词：advise,allow,avoid,miss,mind,enjoy,finish,keep,put off,give up,keep on,practice,imagine,consider,can’t help,can’t stop,suggest,can’t stand
ago, yesterday, last week, in
1989
now, these days
at the age of 5,just
look, linsotwe,wnh与en频+从度副词连用
过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时
at this time yesterday, at that
time tomorrow,this afternoon,next
系动词
系动词+表语
充当谓语
动词
情态动
情态动+动词原形
助动词
助动词+动词原形
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实义动
独立充当谓语
系动词
常接形容词作表语
主谓一致
be 动词
be+adv.+adj“如何是”
“保持”“变化”
become,seem,turn,grow,get,keep, stay
感官动词
look,sound,taste,smel l,feel
had better “最“好I(’不d)做li某ke事t”o, You’d betterbduot…../.Y.o”u’d better not 111111
do…
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助动词
句型操作及答语
狭义概念：“赠送的”
扩展概念：“自带的”
do,does,did
凡谓语由两部分构成之前者
实义动词身份
动词短语
意思
结构
动词+介词
宾语一律后置
动词+副词
代宾中，名中后
be+adj.+介词
搭配 doing
非谓语动 词 作主语被视为单数
不定式 to
作主语 作表语 作宾语
作宾补
do
常被形主 it 代 替
be+to do “是 做”
被形宾 it 代
替 省 to 不省
作定语
要后置，省介否
作状语
表目的，原因
现在分词 doing
12 分
A. stays
B. stayed
C. is staying
D. has
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2008 年 26. There
a lot of rain in this area in August every year.
27. The children
a . class on the playground when it suddenly
过去分词 done
作主语
作宾语
判定:后有谓动
be doing“正在
做”
have sth. done 使 被
be done“被做”
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不定式作主语 常被形式主语 it 代替，而把 to do 置于句尾 It is +adj./n.+(for sb./of sb.)+to do sth. It takes +sb. +st. +to do sth. 后接 to do 的动词：like, ask, wish, hope, dare, offer, decide, help, long, learn, start, begin, agree, refuse, want, expect, promise, pretend, plan, manage, afford, prepare 被形宾代替：think/find/make+ it+adj. +(for sb./of sb.)+to do sth. 后接 sb. to do 的动词：force, teach, get, tell, know, help, ask, invite, wish, want, warn, wait for, allow, require, cause, advise, order, encourage, like
助动词身份/强调功能
实义动词
及物动词必须跟宾语
不及物动词不直跟宾语
时态
意思需要
时间，标志
名称
谓动
意思
一般现在时 do/does
平时经常做
一般过去时 did
某次过去做
现在进行时 be+doing
现在正在做
过去进行时
一般将来时
was/were+doin
g will+do
过去正在做 现在将要做
★过去将来时 would+do
A. give
B. gives
C. gave
D. will give
35. When I went to say goo6d6b6y6e66 to Anna, she _______ the piano.
A. is playing
B. plays
C. was playing D. played
37. Henry speaks Chinese very well. He _______ in China since 2002.
for D. was waiting for
off
34. Don’t opnut off today’s work for toofmforrow. I mean, otnoday’s work
_____ topdraayc.tised
77(7唱777)English songs for one and a half
taught
taught taught
has failed several times, but he won’t
.
on
on up
up
often hear her
after class. sing
’s flown to Qingdao for summer holidays,
he
Aisn’t
’t
’t
year
the next day
when+过 in+时间段 常用于宾从中
现在完成时 过去完成时
so far,in the past by yesteyredaarys/,stihnecne/the end
already,yet,ever,never,bef when+过 boerfeo,rfeo+r过，by+过