大学英语词汇与语法练习4：虚拟语气强化练习题—答案及详解学习资料

虚拟语气讲解和练习（附答案）概念理解一、动词的语气语气用来区别讲话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。

英语中的语气(mood)1.陈述语气Where there is a will, there's a way. 有志者事竟成。

Can you help me carry the box upstairs 你能帮我把箱子搬到楼上吗？How I missed the life in the countryside! 我多么想念乡村的生活啊！2.祈使语气Come this way, please! 请这边走。

Don't make any noise, will you 别吵，行吗？Do be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时一定要小心。

3.虚拟语气If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。

I wish it were spring all the year round. 但愿四季如春。

May good luck be yours! 祝你好运！知识清单清单一、条件句中的虚拟语气A．真实条件句If he doesn't come at 8, we won't wait for him. 如果他八点不来，我们就不等他了。

If a flood happened in the past, there was usually a great loss of life and property. 过去发生洪水的话，常有很大的生命和财产损失。

We shall go there unless it rains tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我们将去那里。

I'll let you use my bike on condition that you keep it clean. 如果你能保持车子干净，我就让你用我的自行车。

英语虚拟语气练习题及答案解析1.The judge ordered that the thief _____ punished.A. would beB. should beC. were to beD. must be答案：B解析：译文：法官命令惩罚这个小偷。

本题考查should do虚拟。

表命令、建议等词，后面的从句谓语要用should do，should可以省略，故选B。

2.If the United States had not entered the Second World War, probably the 1940 unemployment rate of 14% _____ still further.A. would riseB. would risenC. would have risenD. had risen答案：C解析：译文：如果美国没有加入二战，可能1940年的失业率会进一步上升。

本题考查if引导的非真实条件句。

根据had not entered可知句子对过去虚拟，主句要用would/should/might/could+ have done，故选C。

3.I wish I _____ you yesterday.A. sawB. did seeC. had seenD. were to see答案：C解析：译文：我多希望我昨天能见到你。

本题考查虚拟语气。

Wish后面的句子要用虚拟语气，对过去虚拟用had done，对现在虚拟用did/were，对将来虚拟用would do/could do。

根据yesterday可知对过去虚拟，故选C。

4.Without electricity, human being life _____ quite different today.A. wouldB. will beC. would have beenD. would be答案：D解析：译文：没有电的话，人类如今的生活会大不一样。

(完整版)if虚拟语气练习题及答案如果虚拟语气练习题是一种能够帮助我们巩固和加深对于虚拟语气的理解的方法。

通过解答这些练习题，我们可以更好地掌握虚拟语气的用法，并提高在语言表达中正确运用虚拟语气的能力。

下面提供一些虚拟语气练习题及答案，希望可以帮助大家加深对虚拟语气的认识。

练习题一：填空题根据句意，选择正确的虚拟语气形式填空。

1. 如果我______（知道）你的电话号码，我会给你打电话。

答案：知道2. 如果我______（是）你，我会接受这个机会。

答案：是3. 如果他______（尽力）的话，他会取得更好的成绩。

答案：尽力4. 如果我______（有）足够的钱，我会帮助他。

答案：有5. 如果我______（做）得更好一些，我就能拿到这个工作了。

答案：做6. 如果明天______（不下雨），我们可以去野餐。

答案：不下雨7. 如果他______（不是）这么懒，他就不会被开除了。

答案：不是8. 如果你______（去）采取行动，你将失去这个机会。

答案：去9. 如果他______（读）更多的书，他的知识会更丰富。

答案：读10. 如果我______（拥有）魔法，我将会改变世界。

答案：拥有练习题二：选择题选择最佳答案填空。

1. 如果我______（会）弹钢琴，我会给你弹一首歌。

a. 会b. 能c. 可以d. 有答案：a. 会2. 如果你______（是）我，你会怎么做？a. 是b. 是的c. 如果d. 可以答案：a. 是3. 如果明天______（没有）下雨，我们可以去郊游。

a. 没有b. 不下c. 不下雨d. 不来答案：c. 不下雨4. 如果他______（学习）更努力，他会取得更好的成绩。

a. 学习b. 学习了c. 学习过d. 学习到答案：a. 学习5. 如果我______（有）足够的钱，我会买一辆新车。

a. 有b. 拥有c. 会有d. 有着答案：a. 有练习题三：改错题找出下列句子中的错误，并进行改正。

虚拟语气的练习题加答案虚拟语气的练习题加答案虚拟语气是英语语法中的一个重要概念，用来表达与事实相反或不可能实现的情况。

掌握虚拟语气的用法对于提高英语的表达能力和理解能力至关重要。

下面将给出一些虚拟语气的练习题，并附上答案供参考。

练习题一：用虚拟语气填空。

1. If I ________ (be) a bird, I would fly in the sky.2. I wish I ________ (have) a million dollars.3. If she ________ (study) harder, she would pass the exam.4. If I ________ (know) the answer, I would tell you.5. I wish it ________ (not rain) tomorrow.答案：1. were2. had3. studied4. knew5. wouldn't rain练习题二：改写下列句子，使用虚拟语气表达与事实相反的情况。

1. He is not rich, so he can't buy a sports car.2. She is not a good singer, so she can't win the competition.3. They didn't study hard, so they failed the test.4. I don't have a passport, so I can't travel abroad.5. It's not warm, so we can't go swimming.答案：1. If he were rich, he could buy a sports car.2. If she were a good singer, she could win the competition.3. If they had studied hard, they wouldn't have failed the test.4. If I had a passport, I could travel abroad.5. If it were warm, we could go swimming.练习题三：选择正确的虚拟语气形式填空。

虚拟语气练习题及答案1. 如果我昨天早一点起床，我就不会迟到了。

- 答案：If I had got up earlier yesterday, I wouldn't have been late.2. 他本应该在会议上发言，但他没有准备好。

- 答案：He should have spoken at the meeting, but hewasn't prepared.3. 要是我知道答案，我就会告诉你。

- 答案：If I knew the answer, I would tell you.4. 她希望她能通过这次考试。

- 答案：She wishes she could pass this exam.5. 要是我没有这么多工作，我就可以和你一起去旅行了。

- 答案：If I didn't have so much work, I could go on atrip with you.6. 我们建议他应该更加小心。

- 答案：We suggest that he should be more careful.7. 如果你当时在场，你会怎么做？- 答案：What would you have done if you had been there?8. 要是他早点告诉我，我就能帮他了。

- 答案：If he had told me earlier, I could have helped him.9. 我本应该更加努力地学习。

- 答案：I should have studied harder.10. 要是他没有生病，他就能参加比赛了。

- 答案：If he hadn't been sick, he could haveparticipated in the competition.答案解析- 虚拟语气通常用于表示与现实相反的情况，或者表达愿望、建议等。

- 虚拟语气的构成通常包括“if”引导的条件句和主句中的“would/should/could/might + 动词原形”。

高考语法复习：虚拟语气讲解及提升练习一、if条件句中的虚拟语气要是新的安全系统被投入使用的话，这起事故就不会发生了。

We would be back in the hotel now if you didn't lose the map.如果你没有把地图丢了的话，我们现在就回到旅馆了。

Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she were to live there，she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often.格蕾丝不想搬到纽约，因为她认为如果住在那里，她就不能经常看到她的父母了。

二、含蓄条件句的虚拟语气有时假设的条件不通过条件状语从句表达出来，而是隐含在某些词或短语中，或隐含在上下文中，这叫含蓄虚拟语气。

常用的这类词或短语有：without(要是)没有；but for要不是；otherwise/or否则等。

—Do you have Betty's phone number?——你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？—Yes.Otherwise，I wouldn't have been able to reach her yesterday.——有，不然我昨天就联系不上她了。

Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but for Thomas Edison.要不是托马斯·爱迪生，我们现在从中受益的很多东西就不会存在。

三、虚拟语气在从句中的运用1．在名词性从句中的运用(1)在表示要求、命令、建议、请求等动词后的宾语从句中，以及这些动词的名词形式后面的同位语或表语从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。

常见的此类动词：一坚持(insist)、二命令(order，command)、三要求(require，demand，request)、四建议(suggest，advise，propose，recommend)。

高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。

根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。

虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。

例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。

例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。

练习4：虚拟语气强化练习题Part I. Multiple Choice1. ______ go downtown this afternoon, please post the letter for me.A. Had youB. Were you toC. If you didD. Shall you句意：如果你下午要去市中心，请帮我寄一下这封信。

解析：这是省略了if的条件句，完整的从句为If you were to go downtown this afternoon，从句是针对将来的虚拟语气，用于表示礼貌客气的态度。

2. You didn’t let me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired.A. drove, didn’t getB. were driving, wouldn’t getC. drove, wouldn’t getD. had driven, wouldn’t have got句意：你不让我开车。

如果我们轮流开车，你就不会这么累了。

解析：这是针对已经发生了的事情的假设，开车是过去的事情了，因此从句中用过去完成时表示虚拟，主句中用would+have done的形式表示虚拟。

3. If it ______ for the snow, we _______ the mountain yesterday.A. were not, could have climbedB. were not, could climbC. hadn’t been, could have climbedD. hadn’t been, could climb句意：如果不是因为那场雪，我们昨天本可以爬山的。

解析：这是针对已经发生了的事情的假设，下雪及爬山说的都是之前的事情，因此从句中用过去完成时表示虚拟，主句中用could+have done的形式表示虚拟。

虚拟语气简介虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。

虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。

英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。

在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。

即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，愿望，假想，猜测，怀疑或建议，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。

①错综时间条件句:当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。

如：If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.②if省略句在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。

如：If I were at school again, I would study harder.→Were I at school again, I would study harder.如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。

If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus.→Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus.如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。

If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.→Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。

解析：这是错综时间条件句，从句说的是过去听医生的建议，主句说的是现在的 情况。

因此从句中用过去完成时表示对过去事情的假设，主句中用“情态助动词 练习 4：虚拟语气强化练习题Part I. Multiple Choice1. go downtown this afternoon, please post the letter for me.A. Had youB. Were you toC. If you didD. Shall you句意：如果你下午要去市中心，请帮我寄一下这封信。

解析：这是省略了 if 的条件句，完整的从句为 If you were to go downtown this afternoon ，从句是针对将来的虚拟语气，用于表示礼貌客气的态度。

2. You didn’t let me drive. If we in turn, you so tired.A. drove, didn’t getB. were driving, wouldn’t getC. drove, wouldn’t getD. had driven, wouldn’t have got句意：你不让我开车。

如果我们轮流开车，你就不会这么累了。

解析：这是针对已经发生了的事情的假设，开车是过去的事情了，因此从句中用 过去完成时表示虚拟，主句中用 would+have done 的形式表示虚拟。

3. If it for the snow, we the mountain yesterday.A. were not, could have climbedB. were not, could climbC. hadn’t been, could have climbedD. hadn’t been, could climb句意：如果不是因为那场雪，我们昨天本可以爬山的。

解析：这是针对已经发生了的事情的假设，下雪及爬山说的都是之前的事情，因 此从句中用过去完成时表示虚拟，主句中用 could+have done 的形式表示虚拟。

大学英语词汇与语法练习4：虚拟语气强化练习题—答案及详解．2虚拟语气强化练习题：虚拟语气强化练习题练习4Part I. Multiple Choice______ go downtown this afternoon, please post the letterfor me. 1.D. Shall you A. Had you B. Were you to C. If you did 句意：如果你下午要去市中心，请帮我寄一下这封信。

If you were to go downtown this 的条件句，完整的从句为解析：这是省略了if ，从句是针对将来的虚拟语气，用于表示礼貌客气的态度。

afternoon 2. You didn'tlet me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired. B.were driving, wouldn't getA. drove, didn't gett C. drove, wouldn't get D. had driven, wouldn't have go句意：你不让我开车。

如果我们轮流开车，你就不会这么累了。

解析：这是针对已经发生了的事情的假设，开车是过去的事情了，因此从句中的形式表示虚拟。

用过去完成时表示虚拟，主句中用would+have done3. If it ______for the snow, we _______ the mountain yesterday.B. were not, could climb A. were not, could have climbed D. hadn't been, could climbC. hadn't been, could have climbed句意：如果不是因为那场雪，我们昨天本可以爬山的。

虚拟语气练习题一、【基础巩固】1. If I ___ ten years younger, I ______ very happy.A. were, would beB. am, shall beC. were, shall beD. am, would be2. ---You can ask your brother for help.---He is not at home. If he ______, I ______ .A. is, wouldB. were, wouldC. is, willD. were, will3. If you _____ the doctors advice, you would have already recovered.A. followB. followedC. would followD. had followed4. If he had not missed the train, he ______ there by then.A. might getB. might have gotC. gotD. had got5. What would you have done last night, if you ______ to write your homework.A. hadn'tB. haven't hadC. didn't haveD. hadn't had6. ---Did you catch the plane?---No, if I had hurried, I ______ .A. wouldB. would haveC. couldD. did7. Why didn't you tell him the truth? If I ______ you, I would have.A. wereB. had beenC. amD. would be8. ---How do you like the party?---Wonderful. If you had come with us, you ______ a good time.A. hadB. had hadC. would haveD. would have had9. If I ______ out of my ink, I would have finished writing the paper.A. didn't runB. shouldn't runC. haven't runD. hadn't run10. If you ______ early tomorrow morning, you would be there by noon.A. have startedB. were startC. were to startD. had started11. If you ______ to the moon one day, you would find it quite different from the earth.A. travelB. had travelledC. should travelD. have trarelled12. What ______ yesterday if you ______ TV programme.A. would you do, hadn't watchB. would you have done, hadn't watchedC. could you do, didn't watchD. would you have done, didn't watch13. ----Are you thinking about going to Dalian for the vacation?----No, but if I ______ time, I ______ very glad to go there.A. have, will beB. had had, would have beenC. had, would beD. had had, would be14. ----My boss often made me work day and night.----If I ______you, I ______ the job.A. am, will give upB. had been you, would have given upC. were, would give upD. had been you, would give up15. If you tell me all about it, I ______ able to decide.A. would beB. could beC. wereD. shall be16. If you ______ George, would you please tell him to ring me?A. sawB. were toC. have seenD. see17. I'm sure he hasn't sent the letter. If he ______ it, I ______ .A. sent, gotB. sent, have gotC. sent, would goD. had sent, would have got18. ----Sally finally got here from Chicago.----If she ______earlier, we ______ her to the party then.A. came, would takeB. had come, would have takenC. comes, will takeD. had come, would take19. I don't know whether to take the medicine at once. If I ______ ，I ______ it.A. knew, would takeB. had known, would have taken itC. knew, would have takenD. had known, would take20. ----Did you need any help with your maths last night?----No, If ______ , I ______ you.A. had, would have calledB. had, would callC. had needed, would have calledD. had needed, would call二、【能力提高】1. I would buy that car，if I ______ enough money.A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. had had2. Ford might have come to school in time for Professor Smith's lecture, ______ .A. if he got up earlierB. unless he had got up earlierC. but he got up rather lateD. but he had got up so late3. ______ their help in the past years, he would be living a hard life and might even have starve to death.A. WithB. If it were not forC. If it had not been forD. If not4. If it had not rained yesterday, the ground ______ muddy now.A. is notB. will not beC. would not beD. would not have been5. You ______ any difficulty now, if you had made a more careful plan.A. won't meet withB. would not meet withC. would not have met withD. have not met with6. He did his best in everything, ______ he would not have been what he was.A. andB. butC. otherwiseD. but that7. ----What would you wish to do if you were to be a college student again?----That's very hard to say, but I wish I ______ biology when I was a college student.A. had studiedB. studiedC. studyD. have studied8. ----You should have gone to the show with us yeaterday. It's very good.----I wished I ______ , but I was busy with my report.A. hadB. didC. would haveD. were9. Mr Johnson said angrily, “Don't order me about, as if I ______ your wife. I'm not. We are both the boss's men. ”A. wereB. amC. would beD. had been10. ______ the thick fence, he would have been more fearful.A. But forB. WithoutC. If it were not forD. both A and B11. He talked as if he ______ to Beijing, but I knew he hadn't.A. wentB. wereC. had beenD. would have been12. ----Would you have told him the awswer, if possible?----Yes, I would have, but I ______ very busy.A. had beenB. wereC. wasD. would be13. If he ______ in England, what language could he probably speak now?A. were bornB. had been bornC. would have been bornD. was born14. If we ______ Steven's advice, we would not be lost in the forest.A. tookB. had takenC. have takenD. would take15. If the govenment had built more houses for the homeless people after the earth quake, the housing problems now in some parts of the city ______ so serious now.A. wouldn't beB. will not have beenC. wouldn't have beenD. would have not been16. What a heavy rain it is! If we ______ the rain coat, we wouldn't ______ in the rain.A. had put on, be walkingB. put on, walkC. put on, be walkingD. should put on, walk17. ----Why is the window broken?----If I ______ care, it ______ .A. took, wouldn't happenB. had taken, wouldn't have happenedC. took, wouldn't have happenedD. had taken, wouldn't happen18. ----Do you think the thief entered through the side door?----No, if he had, he ______ the living room window.A. would breakB. would have brokenC. wouldn't breakD. wouldn't have broken19. I ______ one of Tom's paintings, but if I had, he would have given it to me.A. wantedB. wantC. didn't wantD. don't want20. I've forgotten his telephone number. If I ______ it down, I ______ you now.A. put, would have toldB. put, would tellC. had put, would have toldD. had put, would tell三、【高考真题】1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English ___ much easier.A. will beB. would have beenC. could have beenD. would be2. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ____ the rulesA. obeysB. obeyC. will obeyD. would obey3. ----“The experiment had failed!”----“I suggest you ____ again.”A. try B trying C. will try D. would try4. ----“He is a very brave man. ”----“Yes. I wish I ____ his courage.”A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. would have5. If she had worked harder, she ____ .A. would succeedB. had succeededC. should succeedD. would have succeeded6. The plant is dead. I ____ it more water.A. will giveB. would have givenC. must giveD. should have given7. I wish I ____ you yesterday.A. seenB. did seeC. had seenD. were to see8. If my lawyer ____ here last Saturday, he ____ me from going.A. had been; would have preventedB. had been; would preventC. were; would preventD. were; would have prevented9. He ____ you more help, even though he was very busy.A. might have givenB. might giveC. may have givenD. may give10. Without electricity human life ____ quite different today.A. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be11. If it ____ for the snow, we ____ the mountain yesterday.A. were not; could have climbedB. were not; could climbC. had not been; could have climbedD. had not been; could climb12. We ____ last night, but we went to the concert instead.A. must have studiedB. might studyC. should have studiedD. would study13. ---- If he ____ , he ____ that food.---- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken14. I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she ____ , she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come15. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____ .A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken16. You didn't let me drive. If we ____ in turn, you ____ so tired.A. drove; didn't getB. drove; wouldn't getC. were driving; wouldn't getD. had driven; wouldn't have got17. ____ he had not hurt his leg, John would have won the race. （07全国II）A. IfB. SinceC. ThoughD. When答案与分析1．选A。

完整版)虚拟语气练习题及答案Part A.1.If people drove more slowly。

there would be XXX.2.If you had worked carefully。

you would not have made so many mistakes.3.XXX't have drifted away if we had tied it up.4.If I had known you already had a typewriter。

I XXX.5.If he were here this afternoon。

I would go with him.6.If it were to rain tomorrow。

the match would be postponed.7.But for your help。

we XXX the work in time.8.If it weren't for the leadership of the Party。

we would not have achieved so much.9.I wish I had studied hard while I was young.10.It is about time that the fence was XXX.11.My request is that we hold another n to discuss the problem.12.It is strange that the car broke down at exactly the same place where it had XXX.13.The baby XXX.14.He talked as if he had done all the work himself。

but in fact Tom and I did most of it.15.If only we had a phone。

虚拟语气一、考点聚焦1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中（1）表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式（be动词的过去式用were）”，而主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。

如：If I were a boy, I would join the army.If the had time, she should go with you.（2）表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would / should / might / could + have +过去分词”。

如：If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.（3）表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用would / should/could might + 动词原形。

如；If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.（4）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。

如：If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)Were I a boy, I would join the army.Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句（1）虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。

情态动词、虚拟语气60 题1. —— Don’ t forget to bring my new books tomorrow afternoon.—— No, I ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.A. don ’ tB. can’ tC. won’ tD. couldn’ t2. —— I hear you’ ve got a set of Australian coins.＿＿＿I have a look?—— Yes, certainly.A. DoB. MayC.ShallD. Should3.He seldom listens to others. He ＿＿＿＿＿ answer for what he has done. A.shall B. will C. can D. would4. —— May I leave the office before 5 o’ clock in the afternoon?—— No, I ’ m afraid you＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ .A. needn ’ tB. shouldn’ tC. mustn'tD. won’ t5. —— Shall I tell John about it?—— No, you ＿＿＿＿ . I don ’ t know his telephone number.A. needn ’ tB. wouldn’ tC. mustn’ tD. shouldn’ t6.Mr Bush is on time for everything.＿＿＿it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? How A. can B. should C. may D. must7. The traffic light is red, so I＿＿＿＿＿＿stop my car.A. mustB. have toC. canD. mustn’ t8. —— What happened to the young trees we planted?—— The trees ＿＿＿＿＿＿ well, but I didn ’ t water them.A. might growB. needn ’ t have grownC. would growD. would have grown9. I was really anxious about you. You ＿＿＿ home without a word.A. mustn ’ t leaveB. shouldn ’ t have leftC. couldn ’ t have leftD. needn ’ t leave10. Children ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ in public very often.A. should be praisedB. shouldn ’ t have praisedC. shouldn’ t have ben praisedD. shouldn’ t be praised11. Let’ s clean the classroom,＿＿＿＿＿＿＿?A. won ’ t youB. shall weC. do weD. will not you12.Tom ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ show his exam results to his parents.A. dare notB. daredC. dare toD. dares not to13. I don’ t think he＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ a new bike.A. need to buyB. needs buyC. needD. need buy14. —— Nacy ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿the letter from her mother.—— No, she can’ t have. The postman hasn’ t come yet.A. can receiveB. can have receivedC. must have receivedD. must receive15. She ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿the film. She knows nothing about it.A. can ’ t seeB. can’ t have seenC. must seeD. mustn’ t have seen16. They must have been here the day before yesterday,＿＿＿＿?A. mustn ’ t theyB. didn’ t theyC. mustn ’ t have theyD. had they17. —— I didn’eetsher yesterday.—— Oh, but you＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.A. must haveB. ought toC. should haveD. cannot have18. —— Must I take a bus ?—— No, you ＿＿＿＿ . You can walk from here.A. must notB. don’ tC. don ’ t have toD. had better not to19. —— Why do you make me do so?—— I am sorry that you＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿do such a thing.A. wouldB. canC. shouldD. may20. —— Will you stay for lunch?—— Sorry,＿＿＿＿＿. My brother is coming to see me.A. I mustn ’ tB. I can’ tC. I needn’ tD. ?won’ t21.What would have happened ＿＿＿＿ , as far as the river bank? A.if Bob has walked fartherB. if Bob should walk fartherC. had Bob walked fartherD. if Bob walked farther22. You didn’ t let me drive. If we＿＿＿＿in turn, you＿＿＿so tired.A. drove ； didn ’ t getB. drove； wouldn ’ t etgC. were driving；wouldn’t getD. had driven；wouldn’t have got23. Without electricity human life＿＿＿＿＿＿＿quite different today.A. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be24. Oh, Janne, you’ ve broken another glass. You ought＿＿＿＿when you washed it.A. be carefulB. to careC. have caredD. to have been careful25. I ＿＿＿＿＿＿often go fishing when I lived in the countryside.A. shouldB. wouldC. couldD. might26. He ＿＿＿＿＿＿ rather stay at home than go to the cinema with you.A. shouldB. mightC. wouldD. had better27. It’ s high time we＿＿＿＿＿＿＿to the theater.A. willB. shallC. are going toD. went28. —— Could I use your telephone?—— Yes, of course you＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.A. couldB. willC. canD. might29. It’ s strange that they＿＿＿＿＿nothing about this matter.A. knowB. would knowC. knowsD. knew30.I wish you ＿＿＿＿＿＿ go with me tomorrow. A.will B. would C. shall D. can31.—— Do you still remember the day when we went to the Great Wall?—— I can ’ t remember it well, but＿＿＿＿＿＿ sometime last autumn?A. might it beB. could it have beenC. could it beD. must it have been32. —— I can ’ t get through to the general manager’ s office anyhow.—— The line is busy. Someone＿＿＿＿＿the telephone.A. must useB. usesC. must have been usingD. must be using33.He suggests we ＿＿＿＿＿＿ to the cinema at once, otherwise we will be late.A .must go B. go C. will go D. would go34. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if＿＿＿＿.A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken35. The general ordered that the thief＿＿＿＿.A. be punishedB. would punishC. would be punishedD. should punish36. If only I ＿＿＿＿＿ how to operate a computer as you do!A. had knownB. wou欤?knowC. should knowD. knew37.It is surprising that he ＿＿＿＿ at the meeting. A.was B. be C. is D. were38. If you ＿＿＿＿ wait a moment, I’ ll go and find our manager.A. canB. shouldC. willD. must39. —— Do you think he will do me a favor?—— As far as I know, he is the last one to help others. He＿＿＿＿be prepared to give you a hand, though.A. mightB. mustC. canD. should40. Even though I’ d hurt my leg,＿＿＿＿＿＿I swim back to the river bank.A. couldB. mightC. had toD. was able to41. You ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿go to the party if you don’ t finish your homework first.A. won ’ tB. don’ tC. oughtn’ tD. shan’ t42. —— It is rather cold here. Shall we light a fire?—— No, we ＿＿＿＿＿＿ because things are easy to catch fire.A. won ’ tB. can’ tC. mustn’ tD. needn’ t43.I ＿＿＿＿＿＿ Professor Jones had taught me this question.A. believeB. deeply thinkC. wishD. suppose44. The chairman requested that＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.A. the members studied the problem more carefullyB. the problems were more carefully studiedC. the problems could be studied with more careD. the members study the problem more carefully45. I ＿＿＿＿＿＿it again.A. would like you to readB. would like that you readC. would like you readingD. would like you read46. If you really want yourself to be in good health, you must＿＿＿always＿＿＿so much.A. not ； be smokingB. not；have smokedC. not ； to smokeD. be not；smoking47.If I ＿＿＿ you, I ＿＿＿＿ more attention to English idioms and phrases.A. was ； shall payB. am ； will payC. would be ； would payD. were；would pay48.“ Would you have told him the answer had it been possible?”“ I would have, but I ＿＿＿＿ so busy then. ”A. had beenB. wereC. wasD. would be49.He had an expression of resentment （不高兴） , as if Martin ＿＿＿ a fool of him. A.had made B. makesC. madeD. would make50.＿＿＿＿ the fog, we should have reached our school.A. Because ofB. In spite ofC. In case ofD. But forcountry.A. wasB. should beC. would beD. were52. We all agreed to her suggestion that we＿＿＿＿＿＿to the Great Wall for sightseeing(观光).A. will goB. goC. shall goD. should have gone53. You must be a student,＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿you?A. wasn ’ tB. areC. mustn’ tD. aren’ t54. The young man insisted that he＿＿＿＿＿nothing wrong and＿＿＿free.A. did ； setB. had done；should be setC. do ； be setD. had done；must be set55.Without your help, I ＿＿＿＿ the exam last term. A.failed in B. would have failedC. wouldn ’ t passD. would fail56.＿＿＿＿＿ he come, the problem would be settled.A. WouldB. ShouldC. ShallD. If57.Very loud noise ＿＿＿＿＿ make people ill or drive them mad. A.should B. can C. need D. must58. I lost your address, otherwise I＿＿＿＿you long before.A. had visitedB. have visitedC. would have visitedD. should visit59.—— Where ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ?—— I got stuck in the heavy traffic, or I＿＿＿＿＿here earlier.A. did you go；had arrivedB. are you ； would comeC. were you; would comeD. have you been；would have been60.I ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ you a beautiful present for your birthday,but I was short of money at that time.A. would buyB. had boughtC. would like to havebought D. must have bough参考答案及解析1.C 。

（完整版）虚拟语气讲解及练习题（含答案和解释）虚拟语气讲解与练习黄志刚2013.10.一. 简介虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。

虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。

英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气在什么情况下用虚拟语气? 在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或表示某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。

即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。

二. 虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句真：eg . If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。

( 真实条件状语)（不是虚拟语气）If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。

（真实条件状语）（不是虚拟语气）非真：eg. If I were you, I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。

（非真实条件状语从句）If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气，人就会死亡。

（非真实条件状语从句）2、用法及动词形式1、表示与现在事实相反的情况，例1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。

（事实：我不可能是你） 2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。

（事实：不知道） 3.If there were no air orwater, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。

虚拟语气练习题及答案1. 如果我早知道这个秘密，我就不会告诉他。

- 答案：If I had known the secret, I would not have told him.2. 她建议我们明天去公园。

- 答案：She suggested that we go to the park tomorrow.3. 我真希望我去年夏天能去欧洲旅行。

- 答案：I wish I could have traveled to Europe last summer.4. 他要求我们不要迟到。

- 答案：He demanded that we not be late.5. 要是我有足够的钱，我会买那辆车。

- 答案：If I had enough money, I would buy that car.6. 她本应该早点告诉我的。

- 答案：She should have told me earlier.7. 他命令我们立即离开。

- 答案：He ordered us to leave immediately.8. 要是你努力学习，你就能通过考试。

- 答案：If you studied hard, you could pass the exam.9. 我本可以帮你，但我太忙了。

- 答案：I could have helped you, but I was too busy.10. 他希望我们能原谅他的过错。

- 答案：He hopes that we can forgive his mistakes.答案解析- 虚拟语气通常用于条件句中，表示与现实相反的情况。

在这些练习题中，我们可以看到条件句的两种形式：与现在事实相反（用过去时），与过去事实相反（用过去完成时）。

- 在建议、命令或要求的句型中，虚拟语气通过使用“should + 动词原形”来表达，其中“should”可以省略。

- “Wish”后面跟的从句通常使用虚拟语气，表示愿望或希望，根据时间的不同，可以使用不同的时态来表达。

虚拟语气的习题带答案虚拟语气的习题带答案虚拟语气是汉语语法中的一种特殊语气，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实或现实情况。

它在表达假设、愿望、建议、命令等方面起到重要的作用。

下面是一些虚拟语气的习题，带有详细的答案解析。

习题一：选择正确的虚拟语气形式填空。

1. 如果我______（是）你，我会接受这个工作机会。

答案：是。

虚拟语气表示对现实情况的假设。

2. 我希望他______（能）早点回来。

答案：能。

虚拟语气表示对现实情况的愿望。

3. 如果明天不下雨，我们______（去）郊游。

答案：去。

虚拟语气表示对未来情况的假设。

4. 老师建议我们______（多）读书。

答案：多。

虚拟语气表示对现实情况的建议。

5. 如果你______（有）时间，我请你吃饭。

答案：有。

虚拟语气表示对现实情况的假设。

习题二：根据句意，选择正确的虚拟语气形式填空。

1. 她希望她______（能）和你一起去旅行。

答案：能。

表示对现实情况的愿望。

2. 如果我______（是）你，我会好好珍惜这次机会。

答案：是。

表示对现实情况的假设。

3. 如果他______（有）时间，他会来参加聚会的。

答案：有。

表示对现实情况的假设。

4. 我们建议你______（多）锻炼身体。

答案：多。

表示对现实情况的建议。

5. 如果他______（知道）这个消息，他会很高兴的。

答案：知道。

表示对现实情况的假设。

习题三：根据句意，选择正确的虚拟语气形式填空。

1. 如果他______（知道）这个消息，他会很伤心的。

答案：知道。

表示对现实情况的假设。

2. 我们希望明天的天气______（好）一点。

答案：好。

表示对现实情况的愿望。

3. 如果我______（是）你，我会好好学习。

答案：是。

表示对现实情况的假设。

4. 我们建议他______（多）和同学们交流。

答案：多。

表示对现实情况的建议。

5. 如果你______（有）时间，我请你吃饭。

答案：有。

表示对现实情况的假设。

答案解析：虚拟语气是一种非现实的语气，用来表达假设、愿望、建议、命令等。

虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟语气在if引导的条件句中的用法三点：从句（条件）主句（目的）表示于现在事实相反的虚拟条件句If+主语+动词的过去式（be用were）If I had time, I would attendthe meeting.主语+would(should couldmight)+动词原型表示与过去事实相反的拟条件句If+主语+had+动词的过去分词If he had hurried ,he couldhave caught the train.主语+would（should couldmight）+have+动词的过去分词表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形3、If+主语+should +动词原形If I were to go abroad ,I wouldgo to America.主语+would（could shouldmight）+动词原型错综时间条件句——主从句时间不一致的情况下的虚拟语气有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。

If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.though引导的方式状语从句中表示与将来事实相反，(表示将来的可能性不大),用would (might, could)+动词原形He acts as if he could win in the game .注意：1.在as if/as though 句中，如果有可能成为事实，用陈述语气。

例：He looks as if he going to be ill.2.as though或as if引导的状语从句，从句主语和主句主语相同时，从句中可省略主语和部分谓语。

虚拟语气解析及练习与答案详解虚拟语气一、虚拟语气的运用练习题及答案解释The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, ______all practical value by the time they were finished。

A.could lose B。

would have lost C。

might lose D。

ought to have lost解析：这个句子中含有一个省略if,把助动词提前到主语they之前的虚拟条件句,该条件句表示对过去情况的假设,而主句中by the time they were finished 表明主句也应该是对过去发生的情况的假设，因而应该选（B）would have lost为正确答案。

2. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he our chairman now. A。

must have been B。

would have been C。

were D. would be解析：这道题目是一个混合虚拟语气的句子.条件句省略了if，把助词had提前到主语前面，表示对过去情况的假设，而主句中now表明了对现在情况的假设，所以应选would(should, could，might)+动词原形这种表达形式。

四个选项中只有（D)是正确表达形式，故为正确答案.3。

If you Jerry Brown until recently, you’d think the photograph on the right was strange。

A。

shouldn’t contact B。

didn’t contact C. weren’t to contact D。

hadn’t contacted解析：until recently，因此（D)是正确答案,而主句是隐含的对现在情况的假设，该句是一个混合虚拟条件句.4. the English examination I would have gone to the concert last SundayA。