新概念英语第二册第10课重点语法句型

Lesson10单词讲解1.jazz n.爵士音乐2.musical adj.音乐的3.instrument n.乐器4.clavichord n.古钢琴5.recently adv.最近6.damage v.损坏destroyruinspoil7.key n.琴键key structurekey point8.string n.（乐器的）弦9.shock v.使不悦或生气,震惊surprise10.allow v.允许，让11.touch v.触摸Lesson10课文&语法讲解Key points:被动语态be+done被动语态狗吃了那个蛋糕。

The dog ate the cake.？吃了那个蛋糕。

蛋糕被吃了。

被动语态狗吃了那个蛋糕。

主语宾语蛋糕被狗吃了。

被动语态be+done教室每天都打扫。

Classrooms____________(clean)every day.被动语态be+done被动语态be+done教室每天都打扫。

Classrooms are cleaned(clean)every day.被动语态be+done一座新的大楼去年建造的。

A new building was built(build)last year.被动语态be+done他每天被打。

他昨天被打了。

他明天将要被打。

他现在正在被打。

被动语态be+done 他每天被打。

He is beaten every day.他昨天被打了。

He was beatenyesterday.他明天将要被打。

He will be beatentomorrow.他现在正在被打。

He is being beaten.English is spoken(speak)all over the world. The stadium was built(build)in1998.罗马不是一天建成的。

Rome was not built in a day.人们现在正在被广告所影响。

lesson 10一、单词1. jazz n. 爵士乐play jazz 演奏爵士乐I am fond of listening to jazz.2. allow vt. (1)～allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事Mr. wang doesn‟t allow us to talking in class.(2) sb allow doing . 允许做…。

（含有被动意义）We allow talking and sleeping in class.3. shock (1) vt. 使/让…震惊What he is doing shocks me.(2) n. 震惊[c.u] sb get a shock…震惊He got a shock when I came in.to sb‟s shock. 让…震惊的是To my shock, he broke the windows.shocked adj. 震惊的be shocked at sth 对…很震惊I am shocked at his coming.4. belong vi. 一般能用sth belong to sb. (belong 前不要加be 动词,不用进行时和被动语态)This suitcase doesn‟t belong to me. He belongs to the school English club.5. keep . (1) 保持keep sth/sb adj. You must keep the room warm.(2) 持续keep doing sth 持续不断做…They kept talking in the library.(3) 保存…; 留着…Can you keep the money for me?(4) 让(＝have/make) keep sb do sth 让…做…Mom always keeps me do homework after dinner.6. name vt “给…取名…”通常表示给一个新生的人或物命名I will name my little cat “Mimi”. His father name him Sam.7.call vt. “把…叫做…”常用于口语。

Lesson 10 Not for jazz 不适于演奏爵士乐学习目标全解必记单词jazz n. 爵士音乐musical adj. 音乐的instrument n. 乐器clavichord n. 古钢琴recently adv. 最近damage v. 损坏key n. 琴键string n. 弦，细绳shock v. 使震惊allow v. 允许，让touch v. 触摸常考短语be made in (a country) 产自于…belong to 属于allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事a friend of my father’s 我父亲的一个朋友经典句型1.It is called a clavichord.2.It was made in Germany in 1681.3.It has belonged to our family for a long time.4.Recently it was damaged by a visitor.5.My father was shocked6.We are not allowed to touch it.7.It is being repaired by a friend of my father’s.重点语法一、被动语态被动语态结构为：be+done注意：1）被动语态的时态由be的变化来表示2）只有动作是及物动词才能构成被动语态3）强调动作是由什么人或什么东西而发出时，常用介词“by+行为发出者”4）被动语态没有将来进行时态常出现的被动语态的各种时态形式如下：一般时态进行时态完成时态现在amis doneareamis being donearehavebeen donehas过去wasdonewerewasbeing donewerehad been done重点语法将来shallbe donewillshallhave beendonewill过去将来shouldbe donewouldshouldhave beendonewould例句：1.Our milk is delivered every morning. (一般现在时)2. A new bridge is being built outside my house by workers.(现在进行时)3.That boy has been punished by the headmaster.(现在完成时)二、名词的属格（一）名词所有格的构成1. 单数名词，在词尾加“’s”:my sister’s friend (我姐姐的朋友)2. 复数名词：1）不以-s或-es结尾的特殊变化的复数名词，在词尾加“’s”The Children’s Day 儿童节2）以-s结尾的复数名词，在词尾加“’”构成所有格Her friends’ money 她朋友们的钱3. 复合名词在最后一个词的词尾加“’s”my father-in-law’s company 我岳父的公司4. 对于由and连接的并列名词，当表示共有的情况下，只需在最后一个名词词尾加“’s”; 若表示各自所有，则需在每个名词词尾加“’s”。

逐句精讲新概念英语第二册:第十课不适于演奏爵士乐Lesson 10 Not for jazz课文内容：We have an old musical instrument. It is called a clavichord. It was made in Germany in 1681. Our clavichord is kept in the living-room. It has belong to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father was shocked. Now we are not allowed to touch it. It is being repaired by a friend of myfather's.本文语法：被动语态语法归纳：主动语态：主语为动作的发出者。

被动语态：主语为动作的承受者，谓语动词为"be+过去分词"。

五种常用时态的被动语态：1)一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+done2)一般过去式的被动语态：was/were+done3)一般将来时的被动语态：will be+done4)完成时的被动语态：has/have/had been+done5)进行时的被动语态：be being+done逐句精讲：1.We have an old musical instrument.我们有一个古乐器。

2.It is called a clavichord.它被叫做古钢琴。

新概念英语二-----------------LESSON 10重点词组：belong to 属于for a long time 有很多年了many years ago 很多年前try to 试着做…two of ……中的两个be allowed to do 被允许做…a friend of my father’s 我爸爸的一个朋友语法点:1. instrument常用的意思是器械、器具，尤指医疗、机器等方面的，但也可以用来泛指各种乐器e.g.: Does he learn an instrument? 他学乐器了吗？2. call有把……称为的意思，既可用于主动语态，也可用于被动语态e.g.: They call him big Tom. 他们叫他“大个子汤姆”。

有打电话的意思e.g.: My mum called me yesterday. 我妈妈昨天给我打电话了。

3. belong为不及物动词，因此不能用于被动语态。

它是一个表示状态的动词，而不是行为动词，所以不能用于进行时。

最常用的时态是一般现在时和一般过去时e.g.: This farm belongs to me. 这个农场属于我。

重点语法------ 被动语态语态有两种，主动语态和被动语态。

主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。

e.g.: The cat caught the mouse. （主动语态）The mouse was caught by the mouse. （被动语态）被动语态基本构成：be donea) 一般现在时：主语+ am/is/are done.b) 一般过去时：主语+ was, were+being done.c) 一般将来时：主语+ will /be going to+be done.d) 现在进行时：主语+am/is/are+being+done.e) 现在完成时：主语+ have/has+been done.f) 情态动词：主语+ can/could/may/must/should+be done.※补充:1. 若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加"to"。

Lesson 10 单词讲解1.jazz n. 爵士音乐2.musical adj. 音乐的3.instrument n. 乐器4.clavichord n. 古钢琴5.recently adv. 最近6.damage v. 损坏destroyruinspoil7.key n. 琴键key structurekey point8.string n. （乐器的）弦9.shock v. 使不悦或生气,震惊surprise10.allow v. 允许，让11.touch v. 触摸Lesson 10 课文&语法讲解Key points:被动语态be + done被动语态狗吃了那个蛋糕。

The dog ate the cake.？吃了那个蛋糕。

蛋糕被吃了。

被动语态狗吃了那个蛋糕。

主语宾语蛋糕被狗吃了。

被动语态be + done教室每天都打扫。

Classrooms (clean) every day.被动语态be + done被动语态be + done教室每天都打扫。

Classrooms are cleaned (clean) every day.被动语态be + done一座新的大楼去年建造的。

A new building was built (build) last year.被动语态be + done他每天被打。

他昨天被打了。

他明天将要被打。

他现在正在被打。

被动语态be + done他每天被打。

He is beaten every day.他昨天被打了。

He was beaten yesterday.他明天将要被打。

He will be beaten tomorrow.他现在正在被打。

He is being beaten.被动语态be + doneEnglish is spoken (speak) all over the world.The stadium was built (build) in 1998.被动语态be + done 罗马不是一天建成的。

新概念英语第二册第十课课文详解 Lesson 10 Not for jazz 不适于演奏爵士乐一、生词1、jazz n. 爵士音乐a kind of music2、musical adj. 音乐的music student ： the student who learned music musical student ：有音乐天赋的3、instrument n. 乐器instrument=musical instrument4、clavichord n. 古钢琴a kind of instrument5、recently adv. 最近recently=lately6、damage v. 损坏7、key n. 琴键key to the doorDo you know the key(答案） to the question?key(关键)structure8、string n. （乐器的）弦9、shock v. 使不悦或生气，震惊跟人的情绪相关的动词的宾语往往是＂人＂The news shocks me凡是能够用＂人＂做宾语，又是表示人的情绪活动的动词，有两个形容词形成：1.令人……；+ -ing2.感到…… + -edIt shocked me.It is shocking.I'm shocked.get a shock n.sb.get a shocksurprise 好事坏事都能够，只要你没有料到I want to give you surprise.shock 只能是坏事,让人感到不高兴10、allow v. 允许，让allow doingSmoking is allowed.allow sb. to do sthsb.be allowed to do sth.You are allow to smokeYou are not allow to enter the room if you don't take the card with youallow用被动11、touch v. 触摸，碰二、词组：1、Our clavichord is kept in the living-room.在这个句子里，keep作动词，表示保存，存放。

新概念英语二经典语法讲解Lesson10 New Concept English 新概念经典语法讲解Lesson 10 Not for jazz1．We have an old musical instrument. 我家有件古乐器。

instrument常用的意思是“器械”、“器具”，尤指医疗、机器等方面的。

但它可以用来泛指各种乐器。

2．It is called a clavichord. It was made in Germany in 1681.被称做古钢琴,是1681年德国造的.（1）call “把？称为”、“称呼” 既可用于主动语态，也可用于被动语态： a. What do you call this? 你们把这称为什么？ b. They call him big Tom. 他们叫他“大个子汤姆”。

(2) make动词经常用于被动语态。

当它与不同的介词搭配时，意义也稍有不同。

? made in可表示产地或时间：a. This bike was made in China. 这辆自行车是中国造的。

b. It was made in 1988. 它生产于1988年。

? made of表示用其中一种材料制成（通常指制造后不改变该材料原来的性质或形状）： a. This chair is made of wood. 这椅子是木制的。

made from表示用数种材料制成，或者是制造后改变了材料原来的性质或形状(看不出原料/多种原料)：a. Paper can be made from wood. 用木材可以造纸。

? made by表示由谁制造：a. This skirt was made by Mary. 这条裙子是玛丽做的。

翻译训练：我的车是美国制造的；顾晗，你不必客气，可以随时用它。

belong为不及物动词，因此不能用于被动语态。

另外，它是一个表示状态的动词，而不是行为动词，所以它也不能用于进行时。

Lesson 10 Not for jazz【New words and expressions】（11）jazz n. 爵⼠⾳乐musical adj. ⾳乐的instrument n. 乐器clavichord n. 古钢琴recently adv. 最近damage v. 损坏key n. 琴键string n. （乐器的）弦shock v. 使不悦或⽣⽓，震惊allow v. 允许，让touch v. 触摸★jazz n. 爵⼠⾳乐a kind of music★musical adj. ⾳乐的musical student 有⾳乐天赋的⼈music student 学⾳乐的⼈（the student who learned music）★instrument n. 乐器instrument=musical instrumentinstrument常⽤的意思是“器械”、“器具”，尤指医疗、机器等⽅⾯的。

也可⽤来泛指各种乐器。

★clavichord n. 古钢琴, 不是现代的pianoa kind of instrument★recently adv. 最近recently=lately★damage v. 损坏① n. 损害，损失，伤害The storm has done a lot of damage to the village.② vt. 损害，毁坏，损坏The car was badly damaged in the accident.★key n. 琴键① n. 琴键② n. 钥匙，答案key to the door 门钥匙Do you know the key to the question?③ adj. 关键的key structure★shock v. 使不悦或⽣⽓, 震惊① v. 使不悦或⽣⽓, 震惊跟⼈的情绪有关的动词的宾语往往是 “⼈” (以sth.为主语)The news shocks me. 这个消息使我震惊② adj. 令⼈震惊的It is shocking.③ adj. 感到震惊凡是能够⽤ “⼈” 做宾语, ⼜是表⽰⼈的情绪活动的动词, 有两个形容词形成：令⼈……（V+ing）；感到……（V+ed）I'm shocked.④ n. 震惊get a shocksb. get a shock 某⼈很吃惊shock 必指坏事, 令⼈不悦, ⽣⽓的surprise 好事坏事都可以, 只要你没有料到的　I want to give you surprise.★allow v. 允许, 让allow doing sth.Smoking is allowed.＝people allow smokingallow sb. to do sth. / sb.be allowed to do sth.allow常⽤于被动语态You are allowed to smoke(被动语态)You are not allowed to enter the room if you don't take the card with you★touch v. 触摸① vt.&vi. 触摸，碰You are not allowed to touch the vase.② vt. 谈及，涉及，关系到A rise in the cost of living touches everyone. ⽣活费⽤的增加与每个⼈都有关系。

新概念笔记Lesson 10二．New words and expressions.1. jazz 爵士乐pop music classical musiccountry music light musicrock and roll blues (忧郁的蓝调)3. damage v. 破坏e.g: The car was badly damaged in the accident.break 打破，破坏物体的完整性break the glass damage 破坏，指造成一定损失的破坏damage the car destroy 破坏，彻底摧毁destroy the city4. key ①n. 钥匙the key to the door②n. 按键press the key on the keyboard③n. 答案the key to the questionadj. 关键的key word/ sentence5. shock ①n.震惊get a shock (坏事，令人不悦的，生气的)②v. 使震惊shocked adj. be shocked at sth.6. allow v. allow doing sth. 可以做某事e.g: we allow smoking only in limited areas.allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事sb. be allowed to do sth.e.g: You are not allowed to touch it.7. touch ①v.触摸e.g: You can see it, but don’t touch it.②n. be in touch with sb. 与。

有联系e.g: Are you still in touch with your friends from college?Keep in touch with sb. 与。

Lesson 10 语法被动语态一、语态概述主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。

主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念；而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构，从而是句法概念。

所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子，而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。

例如：He opened the door.他开了门。

(主动句)The door was opened.门被开了。

(被动句)二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。

三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例如：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。

(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981. 这本书出版于1981年。

(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

例如:The window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。

Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。

四、主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。

(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。

例如：1. We call maths the language of science. （改为被动句）Maths _________ _________ the language of science.2. Where did they plant trees? （改为被动句）Where _________ trees _________?3. You can borrow two books at a time.（改为被动句）Two books _________ _________ _________ at a time.4.The teacher made the students copy the text.改为被动句The students _________ _________ _________ copy the text.5. They produce silk in Suzhou.（改为被动句）Silk _________ _________ in Suzhou.6. They built a bridge between the two islands last year. （改为被动句）A bridge ________ ________ between the two islands last year.7. A birthday party will be given tomorrow. （改为主动句）_________ _________ a birthday party tomorrow.8. John was seen to cross the street just now by someone.（改为主动句）Someone _________ John _________ the street just now.9. Can another way be thought of to keep your wine or water warm?（改为主动句）Can _______ _______ _______ another way to keep your wine or water warm?10. Too many trees are still being cut down in the USA. （改为主动句）_________ are still _________ down too many trees in the USA.II. 用动词的正确语态填空。

最新新概念英语第二册Lesson10~12逐句精讲新概念英语第二册Lesson10逐句精讲1.We have an old musical instrument.我们有一个古乐器。

2.It is called a clavichord.它被叫做古钢琴。

语言点1 call的用法：1)call sb. sth.把某人叫做……2) called(被动语态)语言点2 call的常用短语：1)call on拜访，看望：I shall call on my teacher tomorrow.明天我将去看望我的老师。

2)call off(=cancel,delete)取消：The next outdoor meeting has been called off.下次的户外会议被取消了。

3)call for需要，要求;值得：The occasion calls for a cool head.这种场合需要冷静的头脑。

4)call up(=call upon)召集，动员，拜访：We called up all students on the playground.我们把所有的学生都召集到操场上。

5)call one's name叫某人的名字6)call one's name(=say "F" words)说脏话3.It was made in Germany in 1681.这是一架1681年在德国制造的古钢琴。

语言点1 was made为过去时的被动语态。

语言点2 句型结构"be made+介词短语"1)be made in somewhere在……地方制造2)be made of由……制造(能看出原材料)：The bridge is made of wood.这座桥是用木头造的。

3)be made from由……制造(看不出原材料)：The beer is made from malt, hop and water.啤酒是麦芽、啤酒花和水酿制而成的。

新概念英语第2册Lesson10~12语法知识点新概念英语第2册Lesson10语法知识点1 被动语态(The passives)主动语态与被动语态皆指动词的形式而言。

在主动句中，动词的主语是执行动作的人或物:John cooked the food last nigjt.约翰昨天晚上做了饭。

在被动句中，动作是对主语执行的:The food was cooked last night.饭是昨天晚上做的。

被动语态由be的一种形式和过去分词构成。

主动语态的时态用法规则也适用于被动语态。

例如:现在正在进行着的动作也要用现在进行时:The instrument is being repaired by a friend of my father’s.父亲的一个朋友正在修理这件乐器。

已经完成的动作要用完成时:Has the film been shown yet?这部电影上映了吗?It’s being shown now.目前正在上映。

动词作及物动词用(即动词后可加宾语)时才能构成被动语态。

如果要说明是什么人或什么东西做了某事，则用“by+行为主体”结构:I live in a very old town which is surrounded bybeautiful woods.我住在一个由美丽的树林环绕的古老小镇上。

That table was made by my grandfather.那张桌子是我祖父做的。

“行为主体”也可以不表示出来:This piano was made in England.这架钢琴是英国造的。

The car was repaired last week.这辆车是上星期修的。

2 双重所有格（The double genitive）’s结构的所有格也可用于“of结构”之后，如:a friend of my father’s(我父亲的一位朋友)，意思是我父亲的许多朋友之一。

出现这种情况是因为在一个名词前通常只用一个限定词。

新概念第二册第十课Not for jazz（笔记）Part 1 Vocabulary★shock ①v. 意思：②n. 意思：这个消息使我震惊。

他的话使我大吃一惊。

★be made of (sth) be made from (sth)be made in (sp) be made by (sb)众所周知，椅子由木头制成，蛋糕由鸡蛋制成，书是中国制造，床是由工人制作的。

1. Is your watch made _____ gold?. 2. The car is made _____ Germany..3. Glass is made _____ sand and lime.4. The plane model was made _____ my brother.5. The china was made _____ China.6. The chair is made _____ wood.★It has belonged to our family for a long time.Belong to 不能用于________ 和_________常用于___________时态和____________时态。

This farm belongs to me and it belonged to my father before me.★play v 意思：_____用法①用法②用法③造句：中国的男孩儿们喜欢打篮球和踢足球，但是女孩儿们喜欢弹钢琴和小提琴。

中国音乐家们却用钢琴演奏音乐。

★•allow sb. to do sth. allow doing sth.①请让我替你拿包①他们只允许在这间屋子里抽烟。

Part II 重点语法（主动语态和被动语态）把以下的句子由主动语气态改成被动语态1. He saw that movie last night.2. He wrote that letter to me.3. He teaches those English classes.4. God loves you.5. They bought two houses.6. I painted this room.7. He grows those roses.8. He helps his students.9. I sold the house.10. My uncle bought this car.把以下的句子由被动语态改成主动语态1. The policeman was seen by me.2. Those two books were written by me.3. These sentences were corrected by my teacher.4. He was hit by a car.5. His door was locked by me.6. His house was built by my father.7. His boat was given to me by my father.8. This bird is rarely seen by people here.9. He is liked by everyone.10. They were given ten dollars by their friends.11. This picture was taken by him.12. Too much wine was drunk by the young men.13. I was taught by Mr. Wang.14. He was helped by his father.。