Unit12. Life is full of the unexpected
课文知识点详解
Section A.
1.Life is full of the unexpected. 生活充满了意外。
(标题）
【解析1】be full of = be filled with充满，装满
【解析2】unexpected adj. 出乎意料的；始料不及的
the unexpected “意外的事情”“出乎意料的事”。
the ＋adj.表示一类人或事物。
英语中，有些形容词与定冠词the连用，表示一类人或事物，在句子中起名词的作用。
the homeless (无家可归者) the disabled(残疾人)
2. By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. 当我出来时，公共汽车已经离开了。
(1b)
【解析】by the time 在……以前，指从过去的某一点到从句所示的时间为止，常引导表
示过去的时间状语从句，主句常用过去完成时，即had+动词过去分词。
By the time I got up, he had already left. 当我起床时，他已经离开了。
【拓展】by now 表示“到现在为止”，通常与现在完成时连用。
By now I have collected 200 dolls. 到现在为止，我已收集了二百个布娃娃。
3. When I got to school, I realized I had left my backpack at home.(1b)
当我到学校时我意识到我把书包忘在家里了。
【解析】leave sth. +地点“把某物忘在某处”
forget意为“遗忘某物”，指忘记一件具体的东西，但不能有具体的地点。
I left my book on the desk. 我把书忘在了桌子上。
I forgot my umbrella yesterday .我昨天忘了带伞。
【拓展】
♦leave → left → left v 离开
(1)leave sth +地点把某物遗忘在某地
(2)leave for +地点离开去某地
(3) leave a message 留言ask for leave 请假leave school (中学) 毕业
(4)leave one by oneself=leave sb alone 把某人单独留下
【注意】英语中表示“把某物遗忘在某处”常用leave + 地点
而不是forget+地点
Unluckily, I left my book at home 不幸的是，我把书忘在家里了。
【延伸】动词leave 的第三人称单数形式为leaves;
而名词leaf的复数也是leaves.
( )1.I didn’t realize I ___________(leave) the key at home until I got to my car. So I had to go back.
( )2.I overslept this morning. By the time I got to the train station, the train ________ (leave).
( )3.—Lin Kai, hand in your homework, please.
—Oh, sorry. I _____ it at home this morning.
A. was leaving
B. has left
C. will leave
D. left ( )4.By the time I locked the door, I realized I ___my keys at home.
A. had repaired B had changed C. had forgotten D. had left
( )5.－I’m sorry, Mr. Li. I _____ my English homework at home.
－Don’t forget ________ it to school tomorrow.
A. left, to bring
B. forgot, to take
C. lost, to bring
5. A: What happened? 发生了什么？(1c)
B: I overslept. And by the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the
shower
我睡过头了。
等我起来时，我哥哥已经在洗澡了。
【解析】oversleep =sleep late v 睡过头
sleep → slept → slept
oversleep—overslept—overslept
( )1. –What happened ? — I _____.
A. oversleep
B. Overslept
C. overslept
( )2.My alarm clock didn’t go off, so I____.
A.oversleep
B. overslept
C. oversleeping
( )3. I ___ this morning and missed the early bus.
A. overslept
B. slept
C. held
D. caught
6..By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung (2b)
【解析】get back to school 意为“回到学校”
【解析】（1）get back to 后接表地点的名词，意为“ 回到某地”;
(2)get back to 后面接人,可引申为“回复某人的信件，电子邮件，电话”等；
(3)get back 还可表示“ 回来，返回，拿回，取回”等含义。
( )We lost the way in the forest, and we didn’t know________ .
A.where we get back
B. when did we get back
C. how we could get back
7. My alarm clock didn’t go off! 我的闹钟没响。
（2d）
【解析】go off 发出响声, (闹钟)闹响
The alarm went off just now. 刚才警钟响了
【短语】
go over 复习go away 离开
go by (时间)过去go for a walk 出去散步
( ) I was l ate today because my alarm clock didn’t____
A. run off
B. go off
C. give out
D. give up
【拓展】⑴ go by “(时间)过去；消逝”。
Time goes by second by second. 时间一秒秒地消逝。
⑵ go on “继续”。
Please go on working. 请继续工作。
8.So I just quickly put on some clothes and rushed out the door.（2d）
【解析】rush out 冲出去，冲出……
Henry rushed out the room and disappeared in the rain.亨利冲出房间，消失在了雨中。
9.Carl’s day saw me on the street and gave me a lift in his car.
Carl的爸爸在街上看到我，捎了我一程。
（2d）
【解析】 give sb. a lift =give sb. a ride / give a ride to sb. “捎某人一程”，
10. I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee first.(3a)
我正要去办公室时，我决定先喝一杯咖啡。
【解析】be about to 忙于；即将做某事。
侧重于表示动作马上就要发生，常与when引导的从句连用，但不与具体的时间状语连用。
( ) Hurry up, Tom! The train is _____ to start.
A. about
B. with
C. for
D. At
11.I went to my favorite coffee place even though it was two blocks east from my office.
我走向我最喜欢的咖啡馆，尽管它在我的办公室东面有两个街区远。
(3a) 【解析1】even though 即使，虽然，尽管，用于引导让步状语从句。
【拓展】even if / even though/ though 三者都可以引导让步状语从句。
Even if =even though“即使、纵然”引出的从句叙述的是假设或把握很大的事情
though “虽然”，引出的从句叙述的是事实。
【解析2】block n. 街区
12.As I was waiting in line with other office workers, I heard a loud sound.
当我和其他的工作人员排除等候时，我听到了一声巨响(3a)
【解析】wait in line with 意为“与……排队等候”。
stand in line 站成一排cut in line 插队
【解析2】sound n “声音；声响”。
【辨析】sound, voice 与noise
sound 含义广泛，指一切可以听到的声音，包括有意听到的和无意听到的。
voice 指说话及唱歌的声音，多用于指人的嗓音。
noise 特指噪音和吵闹声。
The noise of traffic kept me awake.交通的噪音使我睡不着。
( )—Would you mind not_____ noise? Alice is sleeping.
—Sorry, I didn’t know. I________ she was awake.
A. make, think
B. making, thought
C. making, think
D. make, thought
( )The boy didn’t sleep well last night because of the ______ from the factory.
A. voice
B. noise
C. music
D. song
14. We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building. (3a)
我们难以置信地看着燃烧的建筑物升起的黑烟。
【解析1】stare v. 盯着看，凝视
(表示看得比较仔细，有时候也带有吃惊的意味去看，常与at, into连用。
) Don’t stare at me like that.别那样盯着我看。
【解析2】in disbelief 不相信，疑惑，怀疑
Tamara stared at him in disbelief, shaking her head. 塔玛拉一边狐疑地盯着他看，一边摇着头。
She looked at him in disbelief. 她全然不信地看着他。
【解析3】above
1)prep （表示位置）在…正上方；高于”。
（与below相对）
The moon is now above the trees.月亮正位于树梢上。
2)prep 表示在地位、级别、能力、资历、重要性等方面“超过”
He is above me in every way. 他各个方面都比我强。
3) adv. “在上面; (级别、数目等)更高; 更大;更多；在上文”。
See the examples given above.见上述例子。
（）Ice is not often seen here in winter as the temperature normally stays ____ zero.
A. up
B. down
C. above
D. below
【拓展】above/over/on辨析
【相同点】方位介词，“在……之上”
【不同点】
1）above 着重指：在……上方，不一定含有垂直在上的意思。
反义词为：below. The sun rose above the horizon. 太阳升到了地平线上。
2）over 表盖在……上面，或铺在……上面。
此时不能用above.代替。
含有垂直在上的意思。
反义词为under.
Spread the tablecloth over the table.把桌布铺在桌子上。
3）on 含有与表面相接触的意思。
The book is on the desk.
【解析4】burn v. 着火，燃烧(burnt, burnt / burned, burned)
burning adj. 着火的；燃烧的
He was trapped in a burning house. 他被困在正在燃烧的房屋里。
( ) Teachers are often compared to _____ candles.
A. burnt
B. is burning
C. burns
D. burning
15. I felt lucky to be alive.我感到很幸运能活下来。
(3a)
辨析：alive, living, live与lively
alive “活着，活的，有生命的，还出气的”可指人也可指物表语，后置定语, 宾补
living“活着, 尚在人间, 健在的”指人或物定语或表语
live “活着的，活生生的”指物，不指人定语
lively“活泼的，活跃，充满生气的”可指人，也可指物定语、表语或宾补( ) 1. Jin Yong is one of the greatest and oldest_____ writer. He is still .
A. living; alive
B. living; living
C. alive; living
D. alive; lively ( )2. —Is his grandmother still_____ ?—Yes, she is 102 years old!
A. live
B. living
C. alive
D. lively
16.But by the time I got to the airport, my plane to New Zealand had already taken off.(3a)
当我到达机场时，我乘坐的开完新西兰的班级已经起飞了。
【解析1】airport n. 机场
【解析2】take off 脱掉；起飞
take off 在此句中意为“起飞”，off 在此为副词表示“离开；走开”。
take off 后不能直接加宾语，故它没有被动语态
take off 也有“脱下”之意，此时off 为介词，后可直接跟宾语。
17. The other planes were full so I had to wait till the next day. (3a)
别的飞机也满员了，因此我不得不等到第二天。
【解析】till 意为“到，直到”，相当于until.
⑴用于肯定句时, 主句的动词只用延续性的，它所表示的动作一直延续到till 或until表示的时间为止，意为“直到……为止”。
She watched TV till her mother came back. 她看电视直到她母亲回来。
⑵用于否定句时，主句的动词一般是非延续性的，也可以是延续性的，它所表
示的动作直到till或until所表示的时间才发生，意为“直到…（才）”。
She didn’t watch TV till her mother came back. 直到她母亲回来她才（开始）看电视。
( ) I didn’t believe he could drive ____ he told me.
A. once
B. while
C. since
D. till
( )--Mark, you look so tired.
--Oh, I worked ____ it was 12 o’clock last night.
A. unless
B. after
C. till
D. as
( )We’re leaving tomorrow. We will be away _______ next Friday.
A. from
B. until
C. on
D. since ( )4. - The air pollution is terrible.
- It will be worse ________ we take action to protect the environment.
A. if
B. unless
C. until
D. when
18.My bad luck had unexpectedly turned into a good thing. (3a)
我的坏运气意外地变成了一件好事。
【解析】turn into 变成
Section B
1. 【解析】fool (1) n. 傻子呆子(2) v. 愚弄欺骗
→foolish adj. 愚蠢的
on April Fool’s Day 愚人节make a fool of sb. 愚弄某人
He is a fool. 他是一个呆子。
（名词）
We can’t fool our teach. 我们不能欺骗我们的教师。
(动词)
2. 【解析】embarrass v 使尴尬→embarrassed adj. 尴尬的(用来修饰人)(1a)
→embarrassing adj. 令人难堪的（（修饰物）
①I was _______________(embarrass) when the boy asked me the question.
( ) ②She was ____when they kept telling her how clever she was.
A. embarrass
B. embarrassed
C. embarrassing
st Friday night, my friend invited me to his birthday party (1b)
【解析】invite v → invitation n邀请
(1)invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事
【2014吉林】27. Let’s call up Jim and invite ______to play football.
A. he
B. him
C. his
(2)invite sb. to +地点邀请某人去某地
①We invited him _______(join) us to practice speaking English.
②He invited a lot of friends _________(come) to his birthday party.
( )③I’d invite her ________ dinner at my house tomorrow.
A. have
B. to have
C. having
D. had
( ) She was very pleased because we invited ____ to stay with us at ___ house.
A. she; we
B.her; our
C. her; ours
D. hers; us
4.the other kids showed up (1d)
【解析】show up 出席
【短语】：on show =on display 展览
show off 炫耀show sb. around 带某人参观
show sb. sth=show sth to sb 向某人展示某物
【2013湖北宜昌】33. —It’s everyone’s duty to join the Clean Your Plate Campaign.
—Sure. We should try to _______ all the food that we’ve ordered.
A. give up
B. eat up
C. turn up
D. show up
【2014湖北武汉】38. I used to _______ with my wife and watch TV movies at home.
A. show up
B. wake up
C. come up
D. stay up
5. April Fool’s Day is a celebration that takes place in different countries around
the world.
愚人节一种发生在世界上不同国家的庆祝活动。
(2b)
【解析】take place “发生；进行；举行；产生”。
【辨析】：happen 与take place
happen 常指具体的事物的发生，特别指那些偶然的“发生”。
不及物动词，没有被动语态
sth happen to sb 意为“ 某人发生某事”。
happen to do sth 意为‘‘碰巧做某事’’。
take place
1“发生”, 也无被动语态，指经过安排或计划地发生。
2“举行”The sports meeting will take place in our school
【小试牛刀】用happen和take place填空。
1. When will the basketball match between Class 3 and Class 4 _____?
2. I ____ to have read the article when he asked me about it.
3. When will the ceremony _____?
4. That accident _____ at the corner.
【2014扬州4】—Could you tell me _______? —In August, 2014.
A. where will the Youth Olympic Games take place
B. when will the Youth Olympic Games take place
C. where the Youth Olympic Games will take place
D. when the Youth Olympic Games will take place
【2014淮安1】12. The 18th Jiangsu Provincial Games will ______ in September. Many students want to be volunteers.
A. take place
B. take part
C. take action
D. take care
【2014四川泸州】7. Can you tell me what happened him just now?
A. with
B. for
C. to
D. at
【2014山东菏泽】Look, so many people are running out of the station. I wonder what ____.
A. is happened
B.was happening
C.is happening
D. had happened
6. It happens on April 1st every year and is a day when many people play all kinds of tricks and jokes on each other. 愚人节是每年的四月一日，在这一天，人们互相捉弄开各种玩笑。
(2b)
【解析】play tricks on sb. “捉弄某人”，
play jokes on sb.“对某人开玩笑”
( ) It's impolite to laugh at, stare at or play _____on disabled people
A. fun
B. jokes
C. tricks
D. parts
【链接】laugh at 嘲笑make fun of 取笑；使……开玩笑
【解析】each other
7. Many people ran to their local supermarkets to buy buy as much as spaghetti as they could. 很多人跑到当地的超市抢购尽可能多的意大利面条。
(2b)
【解析】as +形容词/副词的原级+ as sb. can / could 意为“尽可能地……”，在句中作状语。
as +形容词/副词的原级+ as sb. can / could = as + 形容词/副词原级+ as possible.
We must do everything as possible. = We must do everything as well as we can.
我们要尽量做好每一件事。
【追踪训练】翻译下面的句子。
1）. 我已经把书尽可能多地给你送来了。
I have sent you ___ ____ ____ ____ ____.
2）. 这只猫想要尽快吃掉这些食物。
The cat wants to eat out the food __ __ __ __
8.By the time people realized that the story was a hoax, all of the spaghetti across the country had been sold out(2b)当人们意识到这是个骗局时，全国所有的意大利面都销售一空了
【解析】sell out 卖光（用物作主语时，常用于被动语态be sold out）
The next day the bookshops sold out. 第二天书店就卖断了货。
【拓展】out 构成的短语：
give out hand out work out run out of
go out find out look out take out
( ) — Do you have Nokia E72 mobiles?
— Sorry, they have been ____ . You may come next time.
A. given out
B. looked out
C. sold out
D. come out
9. By the end of the day, more than 10,000 people had phoned the TV station to find out how to get the water. 一天之内有一万多人打电话给电视台，询问如何弄到这种水。
(2b)
【解析】find out “找出，查明，弄清楚”，后可接名词名词性短语或宾语从句【辨析】find out, look for 与find
(1)find out 强调经过调查、询问、研究等曲折过程后才能找出。
如：
Please find out when the train leaves. 请查明火车什么时间离开。
(2)look for 意为“寻找”，强调寻找的过程。
如：
I'm looking for it everywhere.我正在到处找它。
(3)find 意为“发现，找到”，强调寻找的结果。
如：
I can't find my pet dog.我找不到我的宠物狗。
【易错题】42. The policemen will go to_________the truth.
A. find
B. find out
C. decide
D. look for
10.Many April Fool’s jokes may end up being not very funny.(2b)
【解析】end up (doing sth.)（以…）结束；最终成为；最后处于
I must make good use of my spare time, or I will end up doing nothing.
我必须充分利用空闲的时间,否则我的生命将会在无所事事中告终。
end up sth. 表示“结束某事”。
The scientist ended up his speech at last.那个科学家最后结束了演讲。
end up with sth. （以……）结束
The students began with speaking English, but ended up with speaking Chinese.
同学们以说英语开始，却以说汉语结束。
【2014杭州】The boats take different routes, but they all____ in the same place.
A.give up
B. clear up
C. end up
D. make up
11. He asked her to marry him. 他向她求婚。
(2b)
【解析2】marry v嫁娶
(1)A marry B. “A 与B结婚”
Bill married Mary on January 1, 1994.
(2) A and B get married = A and B are married A和B结婚
get married 结婚
Kate and Tom get married last year.
(3) be married to sb 与……结婚
①.My aunt got_____________(marry) last year.
②.When did Sue and Jack___________(结婚).
( ) ③— Betty, did your son get married in the year 2000.
— Yes , he _____ for about eight years.
A. has married
B. has been married
C. has got married
D. was married
12.In that month in 1938, actor Orson Welles announced on his radio program that aliens from Mars had landed on the earth. 在1938年的那个月，演员奥森.威尔斯在他的广播节目中宣布火星人已经登陆地球。
【解析1】land on 意为“着陆；降落于”，反义词组为take off
13. How did you feel about this day? 今天你感觉怎么样？(3a)
【解析】How do you feel about…? = What do you think of…?= How do you like…?“你怎样看待……?” 用于提问对方对某事物的观点
How do you feel about the talk show? 你觉得这个访谈节目怎么样？
14.I’m so glad that I cancel my plan to go to the market. 我如此高兴以至于我取消了去市场的计划。
(self Check)
【解析】so … that … “那么(表程度)、如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。
so 后跟形容词/副词，so … that …引导的复合句可转换成简单句。
【追踪训练】将下面的句子改为同义句。
1. He is so weak that he could walk for a long time.
=He is ____ weak _____ walk for a long time.
2. The problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out.
=The problem is ___ ___ ___ ___ ____ work it out.
3. The book is so interesting that most students like reading it.
= The book is interesting ___ ____ ____ ___ ___ like reading it.
4. She was so lucky that she got the job.
= She was lucky ____ ____ get the job.
【2014宜宾】The old man was so_______ the good news that he couldn’t say a word.
A. interested in
B. excited about
C. afraid of
D. worried about
( ) — Jack, could you help me ____ when the plane will take off on the Internet?
—I’m sorry, my computer doesn’t work.
A. get out
B. look out
C. take out
D. find out
【单元语法】本单元语法：过去完成时。
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间点以前即“过去的过去”已经发生的动作。
Mr. Black told me that he had seen the movie three times.
布莱克先生告诉我他已经把这部电影看了三遍了(“看”在“告诉”之前。
)
过去完成时要注意以下几个方面：
⑴过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。
它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
⑵过去完成时的结构是：
肯定由“助动词had(用于各种人称和数) + 过去分词”构成
否定式：had not + 过去分词
缩写形式：hadn’t
⑶过去完成时的时间状语：
①表示过去某一时间可用by, before等构成的短语。
We had finished our homework before 10 o’clock. 我们十点钟之前就完成了作业。
②可能通过when, before等引导的从句表示。
When I got there, the train had left. 当我到那儿时，火车已经开走了。
③过去某一时间通过上下文来表示。
Kate hadn’t studied hard, so she didn’t pass the exam yesterday.
Kate没有努力学习，因此没有通过昨天的考试。
【实战演练】
I. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. When I got there the bus _____ (go).
2. By the time I got to class, the teacher ____ (start) teaching.
3. We ____ (learn) over 1,000 words by the end of last term.
4. I ____ (clean) the room before he arrived here.
5. His brother ___ (leave) home for a year when he got back.
II.单项选择
1．He asked me __ ___ during the summer holidays.
A. where I had been
B. where I had gone
C. where had I been
D. where had I gone
2. What _ ___ Jane ____ by the time he was sever?
A. did, do
B. has, done C did, did. D. had, done
3. I __ ___ 900 English words by the time I was ten。
A. learned
B. was learning
C. had learned
D. learnt
4. She ___ ___lived here for ______ years.
A. had, a few
B. has, several
C. had, a lot of
D. has, a great deal of
5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I ___ the dinner already.
A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked
6. She said she __ ________ the principle already
A .has seen B. saw C. will see D. had seen
练习：
一、汉语提示写出下面句中所缺的单词
1. I got up early this morning because I didn’t want to _____ (错过) the early bus.
2. The drop in prices was quiet ____ (出乎意料的).
3. The ____ (工人) fell down and got hurt.
4. The plane was flying ____ (在上面) the clouds.
5. The river goes through the city from ____ (西) to east.
二、单项选择
( )1. Teachers are often compared to _____ candles.
A . burnt B. is burning C. burned D. burning
( )2. Miss Lee didn’t __ our party because she forgot.
A. show up
B. come up
C. get up
D. take up
( )3. If you must go, at least wait ____ the rain stops.
A. unless
B. till
C. before
D. for
( )4. I don’t like vegetables ____ they are good for my health.
A. because
B. even though
C. after all
D. so that
( )5. Hurry up, Tom! The train is _____ to start.
A. about
B. with
C. for
D. at
三、根据汉语提示完成下面的句子
1. 有时，坏事可以变成好事。
A bad thing can be __ __ a good one sometimes.
2. 我心中暗想道：“他在撒谎。
”
I ____ ____ myself, “He is lying.”
3. 你知道飞机什么时间起飞吗？
Do you know when the plane will ____ ____?
4. 房间里全是学生。
The room ____ ____ ____ students.
四、根据汉语提示写出下面句中所缺的单词
1. What a ____ (傻瓜) I was to believe he is a good man.
2. Few people realized the importance of the ____ (发现).
3. He is not an ____ (军官), but a common soldier.
4. He is the only person that is ____ (可相信的).
5. When spring comes, the snow and ice _____ (消失).
1. fool
2. discovery
3. officer
4. believable
5. disappear
五、根据汉语提示，完成下面的句子
1. 生日晚会什么时候举行？When will the birthday party ____ ____?
2. 这个小男孩想要尽可能多的礼物。
The little boy wants ___ ___ ___ ___ possible.
3. 我下个月底会回来。
I will be back ___ ___ ____ ____ last month.
4. 这家商店的衬衫都卖光了。
The shop ____ ____ all their shirts.
5. 我穿好衣服就去吃早餐。
I ____ ____ and had breakfast.
6. 人们相互开各种各样的玩笑。
People ___ all kinds of ____ ____ each other.
7. 她父亲抚养她直到她结婚。
Her father supported her until she ___ ____.
8. 一架飞机将降落在机场。
A plane will ____ ____ the airport.
9. 我的年龄是她的两倍还不止。
I’m ____ ____ twice as old as she.
10.他十三岁那年离家出走。
He ____ ____ ____ home at the age of 13.
课后练习：
六：单项选择
1. —Why was Miss Lee angry this morning?
—Because Tom didn’t _____ his homework.
A. hand out
B. hand in
C. give away
D. give out
2. —Would you like to go for a picnic tomorrow?—Sorry, I have to _____ my homework.
A. work on
B. put on
C. put out
D. take away
3. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests ______ when he ______ at the party.
A. left; had arrived
B. left; arrived
C. had left; had arrived
D. had left; arrived
4. —I wore sports shoes to the ball yesterday evening by mistake! — Oh, dear, you must be very ____ at the ball!
A. embarrassed
B. satisfied
C. tired
D. surprised
5. I got up late and _____ to school without having breakfast.
A. ran into
B. rushed out
C. ran after
D. ran off
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. When I got there the bus _____ (go).
2. By the time I got to class, the teacher ____ (start) teaching.
3. We ____ (learn) over 1,000 words by the end of last term.
4. I ____ (clean) the room before he arrived here.
5. His brother ___ (leave) home for a year when he got back.。
