2021年高考英语语法复习 代词考点总结及配套练习

2021新高考英语语法专题—代词知识梳理及解题指导I.什么是代词？代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。

代词分为九类：人称代词；物主代词；反身代词；指示代词；互相代词；疑问代词；连接代词；关系代词；不定代词。

II.代词的分类01 人称代词＊主格 I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they＊宾格 me, you, him, her, it, us, you, themHe is my friend.02 物主代词＊形容词性物主代词 my, our, your,your, his, her, its, their＊名词性物主代词 mine, ours,yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs---I like his car.---Well, the car is mine.03 反身代词＊myself, yourself, herself, himself, itself,oneself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves They love each other.04 相互代词＊each other, one another05 指示代词＊this, that, these, thoseThis is an apple and that is a pear.This girl is Jane.Those men are my friends.06 疑问代词＊who,whom,whose, what, which 等，在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句。

What do you like for lunch today ?07 关系代词＊who, whom, whose, which, that, as 等，可用作定语从句的引导词，并在定语从句中充当核心成分的代词 (做主语、宾语、表语、定语等).He is the lady who lost her child 10 years ago.08 连接代词＊who, whom, whose, which, what等用来用作名词性从句引导词，并在名词性从句中充当核心成分的代词 (做主语、宾语、表语、定语等).Who will teach you dancing is still unknown.I wonder which animal runs fastest.09 不定代词不定代词是指用来指代特定名词或形容词的代词，但这类代词所指代的人或物是不特定的。

2021高考英语语法【代词】易错点30题精讲练原题版专题三代词易错点集锦I.高考真题诊断·单句语法填空1. On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long_______ would take to get there.2. I love coming here and seeing _______ family and all the friends I have made over the years.3. Running is cheap, easy and...If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give _______ a try.4.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find_______（they) alive.5.Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _______ can be to eat out.II.精选典题代词专题对点训练·单句语法填空6.For one thing, they help to broaden our horizons. For , most books are sold at a lower price.7.He admitted that when comes to repairing a computer, he had little knowledge of it.8.People used to expect Shanghai Disneyland Park to offer better service than of Tokyo’s.9.Rather than being the by­product of a happy life, feeling happy has become a goal in (it)．10.Failure is part of our life. has achieved great success without lots of failures.11.Obesity researchers hate when I say this, but their own data shows that obesity is not going to kill us.12.At that moment an attractive young lady who noticed my book came up to me and introduced (her)．13.Every country has (it) own banknotes, so it is hard to say which is the most beautiful one.14.“As soon as he opens (he) mouth and sings in Chinese, the Chinese are very surprised and they feel proud of him，”said his music teacher.15.It was time for dinner and was pretty dangerous that the sandstorm was going on and getting stronger. III.精选典题代词专题对点训练·单句改错16.My friend, her hair was already wet, suddenly couldn’t move or speak.17.What we have gained from this camp is not only knowledge, but also friendship. I hope their friendship will last forever.18.As is known to us that life is not a smooth journey, which is full of ups and downs. So never lose heart.19.According to a study, organically grown foods contain 21.1 percent more iron and 27 percent more vitamin C than regular one on average.20.When we got to the mountain top, that started snowing again.IV.精选典题代词专题对点训练·短文语法填空＂Without the ball, I'm half complete of 21_______ (I)”，Luis Figo, one of the world's greatest football players once said.Luis Figo played his first international match in 1991 at the age of 18 and has kept scoring ever since.He reached a new mark on February 18 by playing 22_______ hundredth match for his national team in a friendly match against England. A crowd of more than 30,000 fans watched and cheered for 23_______ in Lisbon. "Figo, Figo," they 24_______ shouted excitedly when he walked onto the field.The Real Madrid player, 25_______ was 31, wanted to help his country in Euro 2004 and to win another Spanish Cup with Real Madrid. Madrid bought Figo from FC Barcelona for 82.4 million dollars in 2000, and he showed everyone what a great player 26_______ was by winning FIFA'S world footballer of the year award in 2001.“Figo works like an artist and has the skills to be the most complete player,”said FIFA President Joseph Blatter in 2001. “Figo 27_______ is a real leader who always tries 28_______ best on the field and to be a good team player. He doesn't have any problems working together with his teammate Real Madrid, star footballer David Beckham". In fact, Figo was the first 29_______ to welcome Beckham when he arrived. "We have a strong team, and we can help one 30_______ and work together to be successful," Figo said.。

2021全国高考汇编之代词+名词+冠词一（2021安徽卷）24．You can ask anyone for help. here is willing to lend you a hand.A. OneB. No oneC. EveryoneD. Someone【考点】考察代词词义辨析【答案】C【解析】此题查看的是代词的词义辨析。

One某一个人/物（指代可数名词单数，表示泛指）；no one=nobody 没有人；everyone每一个人（强调全部）；someone某个人。

句义：你能够向任何一个人求助，那个地址的每一个人都乐意帮忙你。

依照句义可知本句中的everyone强调所有人都情愿帮忙你。

故C正确。

【触类旁通】I have no camera to lend to you, but my brother has _____. He bought ___ only a few days ago.A. it; oneB. one; itC. it; itD. one; one【答案】B试题分析：句意：我没有照相机借给你，但我哥哥有一部。

就在几天前他买的。

one系泛指同种物；it 那么是特指同一物。

有上下文可容易看出选B。

二（2021安徽卷）29．— Why not buy a second-hand car first if you don't have enough money for a new one?— That's a good .A. sayingB. questionC. suggestionD. account【考点】考察名词词义辨析【答案】C【解析】此题中名词saying谚语；question问题；suggestion建议；account账户，描述；句义：—若是你没有足够的钱买新的汽车，什么缘故不先买一辆二手的汽车呢？—这是一个专门好的建议。

依照第一句话中的Why not….?可知是在提出建议。

2021届语法精讲习题精做语法精讲习题精做2：代词代词在近年高考试题中出现频率非常高。

代词的考查集中在语法填空中，主要考查代词的主格，宾格，形容词性物主代词，名词性物主代词和反身代词。

预计2021年高考命题将继续考查代词在具体、特定语境下的灵活运用。

特别是不定代词one，the one，ones，the ones与指示代词this，that，these，those，it的用法区别，代词的肯定与否定、全部与部分的用法以及反身代词的惯用语。

考点仍然以人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词等为主。

考点一人称代词(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find________(they) alive.【答案】them【解析】人称代词作宾语时，要用其宾格。

空格前面是动词find，空格处应用宾格，故填them，指代上文的gorillas。

考点二物主代词（2020·全国1卷）Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ic e and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether (it) plans for a future lunar base are practical. 【答案】its【解析】根据句子结构和句意可知此处应用形容词性物主代词its 作名词plans 的定语。

考点三指示代词（2019·天津卷）A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than _________who are not.A. onesB. thoseC. theseD. them【答案】B【解析】句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。

考点03 代词【命题解读】代词在近年高考试题中出现频率非常高。

代词的考查集中在语法填空和短文改错中，主要考查代词的主格，宾格，形容词性物主代词，名词性物主代词和反身代词。

【命题预测】预计2021年高考命题将继续考查代词在具体、特定语境下的灵活运用。

特别是不定代词one，the one，ones，the ones与指示代词this，that，these，those，it的用法区别，代词的肯定与否定、全部与部分的用法以及反身代词的惯用语。

考点仍然以人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词等为主。

【复习建议】纵观历年高考试题，对代词的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1. 不定代词one，the one，ones，the ones，another，the other的用法, many, much, few, little,a few, a little的用法辨析；以及 both, all, any, either, neither, none 的辨析；2. 物主代词的用法；3. 人称代词主格和宾格的用法；4. 表示两者和多者的不定代词的比较；5. 指示代词 this，that，these，those，it的用法；6. another，(the) other(s)，else，the rest的用法；7. every-，some-，any-，no与-thing，-one，-body构成的复合不定代词的用法。

在解题时一定要明确考点，对比分析，对症下药，尤其是要掌握容易混淆的代词的辨析。

高考频度：★★★★★◆代词的考查要点代词分为九类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词。

大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。

一、人称代词人称代词形式1.人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格，但应注意以下四种情况：①作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中，或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用，常用宾格。

英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为九种：人称代词分为主格（如：I, you, he等）和宾格（如：me, you, him）物主代词分为形容性物主代词（如：my, his, your）和名词性物主代词（如：mine, his, yours）指示代词常见的有四个：this这，that那, these这些, those那些反身代词如：myself我自己，himself他自己，themselves他们自己疑问代词用在特殊疑问句中。

有：who, whom, whose, what, which。

如：Who is that boy? What do you like?不定代词如：some一些, many许多, both两个都, everything, everybody等关系代词引导定语从句。

如：This is the boy who won the race.相互代词指each other 与 one another，意为“互相”连接代词疑问代词在引导从句时，都称为连接代词，包括who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever,whomever, whichever, whatever，一共九个。

如：It is clear enough what she meant. 她是什么意思很清楚。

（引导主语从句）I don’t care what they think. 他们怎么想我不管。

（引导宾语从句）第1讲人称代词我你他她它我们你们他们主I you he she it we you they 格宾me you him her it us you them 格形容性my your his her its my your their 物主代词名词mine yours his hers its mine yours theirs 性物主代词反身代词myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves人称代词分为主格和宾格。

高考英语必考点妙解专题：代词本类考题解答锦囊1．人称代词应注意：①不能错用格式②上下文单复数一致。

2．指示代词应注意。

①this，that指单数，these，those表示复数。

②this，that可作副词用，意思相当于so．③Such，same多用于固定结构，例如Such…as／that，the same…as／that．3．关系代词不能跟关系副词混在一起。

4．熟记常用的不定代词，如one，a11，both，either，neither，each，many，mach，little，few，other，another，someth ing，nothing等，并注意以下几点：①这些词本身不同的意思。

②若在定语从句中做先行词，关系代词应用that．③something，anything，nothing常看作单数，代词用it修饰他们的形容词应后置。

Ⅰ高考最新热门题1.(NMET20典型例题d every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own．【答案】将your改为their．their指上方中的people．命题目的与解题技巧：此题考查代词的基本用法。

代词表语言中使用极为频繁，它的用法看似简单，其实不易，在处理此类题时，一定要根据特定语言环境中上下文的联系排除干扰，正确分析句子结构，理解句意。

2.(NMET 20典型例题For example, you can find such information like how to kill people.答案：1ikeas，suell．．as像·．．．．．——样。

3.( 典型例题At once I apologized and controlled me at my best till the dinner started.答案：me→myself.宾语应用反身代词。

2021高考英语语法专项复习第11讲代词素材一.概念:代词是代替名词的词, 按其意义、特点及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。

二.相关知识点精讲1.人称代词1)人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。

2)人称代词有主格和宾格之分。

通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。

如：I like table tennis. （作主语）Do you know him?（作宾语）3)人称代词还可作表语。

作表语时用宾格。

如：---Whos is knocking at the door?---It’s me.4)人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都能够。

如：He is older than me.He is older than I am.2. 物主代词1)表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。

物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示。

2)形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。

例如：Our teacher is coming to see us.This is her pencil-box.3)名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。

Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语）--- Is this English-book yours? （作表语）--- No. Mine is in my bag.I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （作宾语）3. 指示代词指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。

1) this和these一样用来指在时刻或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时刻和空间上较远的事物或人，例如：This is a pen and that is a pencil．We are busy these days．In those days the workers had a hard time．2)有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物，例如：I had a cold. That's why I didn't come.What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English．3)有时为了幸免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如：Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai．4)this 在用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。

2021高考英语二轮语法精练精析—代词2021全国卷II,11I got this bicycle for ; My friendgave it to me when she bought a new one.A. everythingB. somethingC. anythingD. nothing答案D考点考察复合不定代词旳用法.解析句意为“我没花钱就得了这辆自行车；我旳朋友买了一辆新车，就把这辆给了我.〞根据后面“gave it to me〞可判断没花钱，nothing表否认，for表示交换.因此选D.2021北京卷,34The employment rate has continued torise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase .A. themB. thoseC. itD. that答案C考点考察代词it旳用法.解析句意为“由于当地政府旳努力，大城市里旳就业率持续升高.〞it代指前面交代过旳“the employment rate〞，是单数，而them与those是复数.因此选C.2021天津卷,1We feel our duty to make ourcountry a better place.A. itB. thisC. thatD. one答案A考点考察代词it旳用法.解析句意为“我们觉得将我们旳国家变得更好是我们旳职责.〞it 在此句中充当形式宾语，代指“to make our country a better place〞. 因此选A.2021上海春招,26They produced two reports, ______ ofwhich contained any useful suggestions.A. eitherB. allC. noneD. neither答案D考点考察不定代词旳用法.解析句意为“他们提供了两份报告，没有一份报告含有任何有用旳建议.〞neither两个都不；either两者之一，但后半句里旳“any useful suggestions〞与否认连用；all与none指三个或三个以上，与前面旳“two reports〞不相一致.因此选D.2021山东卷,24The two girls are so alike that strangersfind ________ difficult to tell one from the other.A. itB. themC. herD. that答案A考点考察it旳用法.解析句意为“这两个女孩长得很相像，不熟悉旳人很难将她俩区分开来.〞it在此句中充当形式宾语，代指“to tell one from the other〞. 因此选A.2021福建卷,21We have various summer camps for yourholidays. You can choose ____ based on your own interests.A. eitherB. eachC. oneD. it答案C考点考察不定代词one旳用法.解析句意为“在你们旳假期里，我们这儿有各种暑期夏令营，你们可以根据自己旳兴趣任选一个.〞one代替单数可数名词，表泛指，相当于“a/an + 单数名词〞.这里泛指某个summer camp夏令营.因此选C.2021安徽卷,22Surprisingly, Susan’s beautiful hairreached below her knees and made_____ almost an overcoat for her.A. themB. herC. itselfD. herself答案C考点考察反身代词旳用法.解析句意为“令人惊叹旳是，Susan美丽旳长发垂到她旳膝盖下面，就像一件外套似旳.〞反身代词itself指旳是前面提到旳beautiful hair.而them,her与herself指旳都是人.因此选C.2021浙江卷,7Since people are fond of humor, it is aswelcome in conversation as ________ else.A. anythingB. somethingC. anywhereD. somewhere答案C考点考察不定代词旳用法.解析句意为“人们喜爱幽默，所以，在谈话中或者别旳什么地方旳幽默都受人欢送.〞疑问副词anywhere与else连用，表示〔除了in conversation旳〕其他任何地方，表示场合旳.而anything与something是表示超越场合旳事物.因此选C.2021四川卷,3There is in his words. We shouldhave a try.答案A考点考察不定代词旳用法.解析句意为“他旳话有些道理，我们应该试一试.〞something 指不简单旳事、可观旳成绩、有些地位旳人.因此选A.2021重庆卷,27——Silly me! I forget what my luggagelooks like.——What do you think of over thereA. the oneB. this答案D考点考察指示代词旳用法.解析句意为“——我真傻！想不起来自己旳行李是什么样子旳.——你看看那边旳是不是你旳？〞指示代词that指时间与空间上较远旳事物，over there交代了空间上旳远距离.this指时间与空间上较近旳事物，the one与it都特指前面曾经交代过旳事物.结合语境，选D.2021陕西卷,16——Would you get me a bar of chocolatefrom the kitchen, dear——one答案C考点考察不定代词与数词旳连用.解析句意为“——亲爱旳，可不可以到厨房里给我拿一块巧克力来？——还要吃一块？〞another 与数词连用时，数词放在another旳后面，如another three chairs; other与more与数词连用时，数词放在它们旳前面，如one more apple, two other boys；every指每一个，含义与all接近.因此选C.2021湖南卷,24I knew that _____ would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director.答案D考点考察不定代词旳用法.解析句意为“我知道没有什么能够阻止他；他决不会放弃做一名导演旳念头.〞根据后面“never give up〞可知前面相应地也要用否认性旳不定代词nothing.因此选D.2021辽宁卷,27——Would you like tea or coffee——, thank you. I've just had some water.A. EitherB. BothC. AnyD. Neither答案D考点考察不定代词旳用法.解析句意为“——你是想喝茶还是咖啡？——谢谢你，都不想喝.我刚刚已经喝了水了.〞通过后面“I've just had some water〞可以判定是拒绝tea 与coffee.neither“两者中哪个都不〞，其所指范围是两个人或物；either表示“两者中旳任何一个〞；both“两个都〞，修饰可数名词，统指两者；any用于肯定句，作“任何旳〞解.因此选D.2021江西卷25Why don’t you bring _____ to hisattention that you’re too ill to work on答案B考点考察代词it作形式宾语旳用法.解析句意为“为什么你不让他注意到你病得太严重了以至于不能工作下去？〞it作形式宾语，指代句子后面that引导旳宾语从句.因此选B.2021山东卷24The two girls are so alike that strangersfind_____ difficult to tell one from the other.A. itB. them C, her D. that答案 A.考点考察固定句型.解析句意：这两个小女孩如此相像，以至于很难区分出彼此.此句式it 做形式宾语旳构造如下find/make/consider/suppose等+it+adj/n+to do/that…..2021北京卷,34The employment rate has continued torise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase .A. themB. thoseC. itD. that答案C考点考察代词it旳用法.解析句意为“由于当地政府旳努力，大城市里旳就业率持续升高.〞it代指前面交代过旳“the employment rate〞，是单数，而them与those是复数.因此选C.2021天津卷,1We feel our duty to make ourcountry a better place.A. itB. thisC. thatD. one答案A考点考察代词it旳用法.解析句意为“我们觉得将我们旳国家变得更好是我们旳职责.〞it 在此句中充当形式宾语，代指“to make our country a better place〞. 因此选A.2021山东卷,24The two girls are so alike that strangersfind ________ difficult to tell one from the other.A. itB. themC. herD. that答案A考点考察it旳用法.解析句意为“这两个女孩长得很相像，不熟悉旳人很难将她俩区分开来.〞it在此句中充当形式宾语，代指“to tell one from the other〞. 因此选A.2021福建卷,21We have various summer camps for yourholidays. You can choose ____ based on your own interests.A. eitherB. eachC. oneD. it答案C考点考察不定代词one旳用法.解析句意为“在你们旳假期里，我们这儿有各种暑期夏令营，你们可以根据自己旳兴趣任选一个.〞one代替单数可数名词，表泛指，相当于“a/an + 单数名词〞.这里泛指某个summer camp夏令营.因此选C.2021重庆卷,27——Silly me! I forget what my luggagelooks like.——What do you think of over thereA. the oneB. this答案D考点考察指示代词旳用法.解析句意为“——我真傻！想不起来自己旳行李是什么样子旳.——你看看那边旳是不是你旳？〞指示代词that指时间与空间上较远旳事物，over there交代了空间上旳远距离.this指时间与空间上较近旳事物，the one与it都特指前面曾经交代过旳事物.结合语境，选D.2021江西卷25Why don’t you bring _____ to hisattention that you’re too ill to work on答案B考点考察代词it作形式宾语旳用法.解析句意为“为什么你不让他注意到你病得太严重了以至于不能工作下去？〞it作形式宾语，指代句子后面that引导旳宾语从句.因此选B.2021四川卷15Was it on a lonely island ______ he wassaved one month after the boat went downA. whereB. thatC. whichD. what答案B考点考察强调句.解析此处强调旳是句子旳地点状语on a lonely island，是强调句旳一般疑问句句型：Was it + 被强调局部+ that +句子？句意：“他是不是在小船漂浮一个月后在一个孤岛上被营救旳？〞2021陕西卷23It is not how much we do but how muchlove we put into what we do______benefits our work most. A. who B. which C. that D. what答案C考点考察强调句.解析强调句型:It is/was +被强调局部+that连接句子旳其他局部.答案选择C.2021湖南卷35It’s not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives, but what we do consistentlyA .which B. that C. how D. when 答案B考点此题考察强调句型.解析此题考察强调句型.强调主语.应选B.句子意思：决定我们生活旳东西不是我们偶尔所做旳事情而是那些我们自始至终所做旳事情.。

考点02 代词（C篇）一、填空题1、They find the style of the young painter is modeled after ____________ of the master Xu Beihong.2、I know you want to borrow money but I don't have at hand myself.3、________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.4、He finally made ______ as an actor after years of work on performance skills.5、---Shall we go for a drink at one o'clock this afternoon?---Sorry, I can't make ________. Will two o'clock be OK?6、A couple of days ago, I met a friend of ____________ (me) at a local cafeteria for a chat.7、Don’t upset ______ (you) about it—no harm has been done.8、After twenty days’ hard work, he threw ______ (he) on the bed, exhausted.9、He wants to return to the school ______ he studied English when he was young.10、The reason _________ he gave us was that his car broke down on the way.二、选择题1、Examination compositions, together with most business letters and government reports, are the main situations ________ formal language is used.A. in whichB. on whichC. of whichD. for which2、In many ways, the magic of AI is ________ it’s not something you can see or touch.A. whetherB. whatC. thatD. why3、Stan Lee, an outstanding comic-book writer, created plenty of superheroes in his works，________ the Spider-man and the X-men are the most famous.A. for themB. for whichC. of themD. of which4、A scientist’s attempt to produce the world’s first gene-edited babies _____ are immune to HIV has sparked controversy in academia and the public.A.asB.whoC.whomD.whose5、Niki is always full of ideas, but _____ is useful to my knowledge.A.nothingB.no oneC.neitherD.none6、Nowadays, many developing countries are heavily in debt, because very high interest rates have created a situation_______these countries now spend $13 on debt repayment for $ 1_______theyreceive.A．that; that B．which; when C．where; that D．where; what7、Upon _________, we get down to _________ a music club.A. he arrived; startB. him arriving; runC. he arrived; runningD. his arriving; starting8、The old bank, _____ appearance is not a pretty sight, is extremely magnificent inside.A. whoseB. whereC. whenD. why9、One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and ___ _.A. the other is whiteB. another whiteC. the other whiteD. another is white10、The quality of education in this small school is better than ________ in some larger schools．A. thatB. oneC. itD. this三、阅读理解In the United States, it is important to be on time, or punctual, for an appointment, a class, a meeting, etc. However, this may not be true in all countries. An American professor discovered the difference while teaching a class in a Brazilian(巴西的) university. The two-hour class was scheduled to begin at 10 A.M. and end at 12. On the first day, when the professor arrived on time, no one was in the classroom. Many students came after 10:30 A.M. Two students came after 11 A.M. Although all the students greeted the professor as they arrived, few apologized(道歉)for their lateness. Were these students being rude? He decided to study the students’ behavior.The professor talked to American and Brazilian students about lateness in both an informal and a formal situation: at a lunch with a friend and in a university class, respectively. He gave them an example and asked them how they would react, if they had a lunch appointment with a friend, the average American student defined lateness as 19 minutes after the agreed time. On the other hand, the average Brazilian student felt the friend was late after 33 minutes.In an American university, students are expected to arrive at the appointed hour. In contrast, in Brazil, neither the teacher nor the students always arrive at the appointed hour. Classes not only begin at the scheduled time in the United States, but also end at the scheduled time. In the Brazilian class, only a few students left the class at 12:00; many remained past 12:30 to discuss the class and ask more questions. While arriving late may not be very important in Brazil, neither is staying late.1. The word‘punctual’most probably means________.A.leaving soon after classing earlyC.arriving a few minutes lateD.being on time2. Why did the profes sor study the Brazilian students’behavior?A.He felt puzzled at the students’ being late.B.He felt angry at the students' rudeness.C.He wanted to make the students come on time later.D.He wanted to collect data for one of his studies.3. It can be infer red from the professor’s study of lateness in the informal situation that __________.A.American students will become impatient if their friend is five minutes lateB.neither Brazilian nor American students like being late in social gatheringsC.being late in one culture may not be considered so rude in another cultureD.Brazilian students will not come thirty-three minutes after the agreed time4. What is the main idea of this passage?A.It is important to be on time for class in the United States.B.The importance of being on time differs among cultures.C.People learn the importance of time only from their own culture.D.Students being late for class should explain the reason to their teacher.四、语法填空阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

代词代词是语法结构中的重要一环，代词是用来起替代作用的。

经常出现在高考试题中的代词有：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词，指示代词、疑问代词和不定代词等。

近几年来对代词的考查比较多，代词的漏用、误用；各种人称代词的主格、宾格形式；某些不定代词、指示代词的特定用法；it的用法；从句中连接代词用法、关系代词的用法及区别等是高考的热点。

非常明显，近五年代词的考查点集中在不定代词及指示代词上，考查角度有两个：一是考查它们相互间的意义和功能差别，如：a11，everything和anything等的意义差别.it that和one不同的指代功能；二是它们之间语法特征的差异，如it(代词)和which(关系代词)的区别。

试题注重了情景干扰，注重了特定语言环境中上下文的联系，而且题干的语义结构越来越复杂，正确分析其结构、理解句意在解题中起着很重要的作用。

it的用法考查着重在其作形式宾语或形式主语上，另外一些特定的句型结构也该引起注意，如强调句型以及前面提到的有关句型。

再就是要注意it和定语从句中关系代词which 引导非限制性定词从句代替主句一句话的意思时的区别。

应试高分瓶颈首先要从整体上把握代词的知识，如代词种类的划分：①人称代词；②物主代词：形容词性物主代词，如your；名词性物主代词，如y。

urs；③反身代词；④相互代词；⑤指示代词；⑥不定代词；⑦疑问代词；⑧连接代词(名词性从句)；⑨关系代词(定语从句)。

了解各类代词的一般用法，更重要的是，根据上面所介绍的高考热点，要重点掌握几组易混词，尤其是不定代词的用法区别。

不定代词在具体语境中的区别：部分否定与完全否定的区别；特指与泛指；两者与三者或以上；人称代词与关系代词的区别。

做题的关键在于分析透句子的结构，理解语境的要求，达到正确交际目的。

◎命题点1 物主代词◎命题点2 指示代词◎命题点3 疑问代词命题点1 物主代词本类考题解答锦囊物主代词可分为形容词性和名词性。

高考英语语法精讲与精练-代词一、代词讲前练：代词语篇填空训练What on earth does happiness mean？I can’t give you its exact definition, but I’m sure if you love and help [1]___________, you will get it. I’ll never forget an old lady. She lives in a small house alone.It’s said that her husband and her son died in a road accident years ago.[2]_______life is bitter, but she often helps others with a smile. Whenever it snows, [3]________ is always the first to clean the paths.She looks after several children living nearby. I am one of [4]_______. I often remember the stories she told us and her kind smile. Perhaps she is unlucky, but I think she is a happy person. Her life is full of laughter and love.But I’m sad to see some people getting [5]________ happiness in bad ways. They talk noisily in cinemas and meeting rooms; they destroy trees to enjoy[6]__________and they laugh at [7]_______ shortcomings. Perhaps they feel happy at that time, but they will never get true happiness because they have lost their personality already. Now I know [8]_________ happiness is.[9]_________ means kindness,love and unselfishness. Aboveall, I have come to understand that bringing happiness to others is getting [10]___________ happiness.Keys:1. others 2. Her 3. she 4.them 5.their 6.themselves 7.others’8.what 9. It 10.ourselves二．代词考点精讲1. 人称代词，物主代词，反身代词的用法：含有反身代词的短语有：be oneself (人)处于正常状态by oneself 独自地; 单独地come to oneself苏醒过来; 醒悟过来; 恢复理性for oneself 为自己; 独力地; 亲自地seat oneself 坐下speak to oneself 自言自语dress oneself 自己穿衣devote oneself to 致力于....enjoy oneself 过的快活help oneself to 随便吃、随便用teach oneself 自学make oneself at home 不受约束say to oneself 心里想2.指示代词及疑问代词1)指示代词主要有：①近指：this这个，these这些；也可指下文将要谈到的人或物。

2021年高考英语语法复习-代词考点总结及配套练习-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN2021年高考英语语法复习代词考点一人称代词人称代词有主格和宾格之分,在句中作主语时用主格,作宾语或表语时用宾格。

Tom is a student.He works very hard.汤姆是一名学生,他学习非常努力。

Please send her the parcel.请把包裹寄给她。

He has a dog to keep him company.他有一条狗陪伴他。

①作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中,或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用,常用宾格。

—Tom,go and clean the yard.——汤姆,去打扫院子。

—Why me?——为什么是我?②在比较状语从句中,than,as后用主格或宾格都可以。

He is taller than I∕me.他比我高。

考点二物主代词The students are doing their homework.学生们正在做作业。

Your room is big while mine is small.你的房间大,而我的房间小。

考点三指示代词The quality of education in this small school is better than that in some larger schools.这所小学校的教育质量比一些更大的学校的(教育质量)好。

Such are my friends who will never fail to help me when needed.我的朋友们就是这样:永远会在我需要他们时伸出援手。

考点四相互代词相互代词包括each other和one another。

相互代词无人称、数和格的区别,在句中作宾语。

所有格是在其后加’s,在句中作定语。

We have to help one another.我们得互相帮助。

考点2 代词一、人称代词、物主代词、反身代词1.基本用法注意①在没有谓语动词的句子中，人称代词常用宾格。

如：— Alice，you feed the bird. 艾丽斯，你喂鸟儿吧。

— Why me? 为什么让我喂？②形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，置于名词之前，作定语。

名词性物主代词相当于"形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、表语、宾语。

③oneself也是反身代词。

2.反身代词的习惯用法题组训练用代词填空①People pick up the bikes and then ride and drop (they) off anywhere they like, locking the back wheel, with no need to find a fixed place.②The Chinese have known about the benefits of green tea since ancient times, and they use to treat everything from headaches to depression.③When you come to Zhangjiajie, you can fully appreciate (it) magnificent natural scenery and experience appealing folk customs as well as other thrilling tourist activities.④Before getting on the plane, train, or bus, learn from these mistakes to avoid the crowds and make the most of(you) holiday.二、it的用法1. it的指代用法2. it 作形式主语、形式宾语常用句型功能常用句it作形式主语It is a pity/shame that..... 真可惜……It is no wonder that...... 不足为奇，并不奇怪……It seems/appears that...... 似乎/看来……It looks/seems as if as though看起来/似乎/好像……It happens that...碰巧……It occurs to/comes to/strikes/hits sb. that...某人突然想起……It is said/reported that....... 据说/据报道……It is certain that....... 肯定……It is well-known that....... 众所周知……It is no use/no good doing sth.做某事没用/没好处……It takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花某人多长时间it作形式宾语主语+think/believe/ suppose/consider/feel/ make/keep...+it +adj./n. +for/of+sb. to do sth./that 从句主语+think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/ make/keep... + it+useless/no use/no good...doing sth.3.与it相关的常用短语和句型⑴I take it that you don’t agree with me. 我想你不同意我的意见。