《基础英语语法(二)》复习资料

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课时一教学任务一、重点语法1.动词be（am，is,are)的用法：be动词包括“am”，“is"，“are"三种形式。

①第一人称单数(I)配合am来用。

句型解析析：I am+…②第二人称（You)配合are使用。

句型解析:You are+…③第三人称单数(He or She or It)配合is使用。

句型解析：She（He， It） is +……④人称复数（we /you/they）配合are使用。

句型解析：We （You, They） are +……例句 We are in Class 5，Grade 7。

They are my friends。

You are good students。

用法口诀：我(I）用am，你(you）用are,is跟着他(he），她（she），它(it).单数名词用is，复数名词全用are.变否定,更容易，be后not加上去。

变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。

还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记.1。

用括号中适当的词填空。

1. I ________(am, are, is) from Australia.2. She _______ (am, are， is） a student。

2018年高考英语介词精讲一.概念:介词表示它后面的名词或相当于名词的其他结构与句中其他成分的关系.二.介词的分类1. 表示时间的介词：about, around, before, by, at, after, in, on, around, between, during, for, from, since, till, until, within2. 表示地点的介词：about, at, in, on, over, through, across, along, around, before, between, beyond, down, up, to, toward, under, near3. 表示方式的介词：by bus 乘公共汽车；see with one's own eyes 亲眼看...... write in ink 用墨水写...on foot 步行，徒步；He looked at me without expression. 他毫无表情地看着我。

4. 表示原因的介词：He was punished for stealing. 他因偷窃而被惩罚。

suffer from a cold 患伤风be ashamed of 因……而感到羞愧shake with cold 因寒冷而发抖5. 表示关于的介词：What is the book about? 这本书是关于什么内容的？（about关于一般情况）I heard him talk on Chinese medicine last night. 昨晚我听到他讲中国医学。

（on关于理论、学术）；a long story of adventure 一个长篇冒险故事6. 表示比较的介词：His face is as black as coal. 他的脸跟煤炭一样黑.He saw a number of small hard things like stones. 他看见一些像石头一样的小小的坚硬的东西。

其次讲冠词和介词一、冠词[语法规则再现](一)不定冠词的基本用法1．表示泛指某个人或事物。

Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract?你对成为一名音乐家并获得录制合同感爱好吗？2．用在第一次提到的单数可数名词前，表示泛指。

My friend John is a handsome young man，a young man everyone likes to work with.我的挚友约翰是一个英俊的年轻人，一个每个人都喜爱与他共事的年轻人。

3．表示“某一个”，相当于a certain。

I remember he came here on a Sunday and left soon.我记得他在某个星期天来过，并且很快就离开了。

4．用在序数词前，表示“再一，又一”。

He missed the gold medal in the high jump，but he will get a second chance in the long jump.他在跳高竞赛中没得到金牌，但是在跳远竞赛中他还有机会。

5．用在形容词的比较级前，表示“一个更……的”。

If we sit near the front of the bus，we'll have a better view.假如我们坐在公共汽车的前部，视野就会更好些。

6．用于物质名词或抽象名词详细化时。

物质名词或抽象名词仅表示概念时，是不行数名词，前面不加不定冠词。

但假如表示详细的人或事，特殊是前面有形容词修饰时，就变成了可数名词，前面可加不定冠词。

Tony is a famous pianist.I'm absolutely certain that his concert this Sunday will be a success.托尼是一位闻名的钢琴家，我非常确信这个星期天他的音乐会肯定会胜利。

专题二: 形容词、副词、比较等级基础知识过关一、形容词及其基本用法形容词用来修饰名词或代词, 说明其性质或特征。

形容词一般可以作定语、表语和补足语, 有时也可作状语, 但有些形容词只能作表语, 如well, ill, faint, pleased以及多数以“a”开头的形容词(afraid, alike, alive, alone, asleep, awake等)。

二、形容词的一些注意事项(1)形容词作定语修饰名词时, 要放在名词的前面。

但是如果形容词修饰不定代词时, 要放在不定代词之后, 如something nice。

Unlike traditional gyms, this one offers people free choices to exercise.这个健身房不像传统的健身房, 它为人们提供灵活的锻炼选择。

(2)以-ly结尾的形容词大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词, 但friendly, deadly, lonely, likely, lively, lovely仍为形容词。

有些以-ly 结尾的词既为形容词, 也为副词, 如daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, early等。

(3)“the+形容词”表示类别和整体“the+某些形容词”可以泛指一类, “the+国家和民族的形容词”指这个民族的整体, 与谓语动词的复数连用, 如the dead, the living, the rich, the poor, the blind, the hungry, the British, the English, the French, the Chinese等。

三、副词的基本用法(1)副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子, 疑问副词是用来表达疑问或构成疑问句的。

A dog’s eating habit requires regular training before it is properly established.狗的饮食习惯在正确地养成之前需要定期训练。

中考英语语法专项复习2---冠词2.1 不定冠词的用法:不定冠词a (an)是"一个"的意思。

a用于辅音音素前，而an则用于元音音素前。

1)表示"一个"，意为one。

如：I have an apple.2) 代表一类人或物。

Mr. Smith is an engineer.3) 词组或短语。

a little / a few / a lot / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / after a while / have a cold / have a try / 2.2 定冠词的用法：定冠词the有"那（这）个"的意思，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。

1）特指双方都明白的人或物：Take the medicine.2）上文提到过的人或事：He bought a house.I've been to the house。

3）指世上独一物二的事物：the sun，the sky，the moon，the earth4）与单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：the dollar;the fox；或与形容词连用，表示一类人：the rich 富人5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very，same等前面：Where do you live?I live on the second floor.That's the very thing I've been looking for.6）与复数名词连用，指整个群体：They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师)7）用在国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前：the People's Republic of China the United States8）用在表示乐器的名词之前：She plays the piano.9) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：the Greens10) 用在惯用语中：in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening)，the day after tomorrow，the day before yesterday，the next morning,in the sky (water，field，country)in the dark,in the rain, in the middle (of), in the end,by the way,go to the theatre2.3 零冠词的用法1) 国名，人名前通常不用定冠词：England，Mary；2）抽象名词、物质名词前通常不加冠词；Failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。

考研英语二推荐复习资料考研英语二是研究生入学考试中的一大难点，其复习过程和方法至关重要。

在众多的考研英语备考资料中，如何选择适合自己的复习资料是一件非常关键的事情。

本文将向大家推荐一些实用的考研英语二复习资料，希望能够对大家备考有所帮助。

一、阅读理解阅读理解是考研英语二中最重要的考试环节之一。

想要顺利通过此环节，建议备考者先从以下基础材料着手：1.《美国综合阅读教程》：本书主要面向初学者，包含了大量阅读理解的例子，让考生可以更好地了解阅读材料的基本思路，适合初次接触英语阅读的考生阅读。

2.《新东方·英语语法基础课》：本书主要讲解英语语法，包含大量的例句和练习，让考生可以更好地了解语法知识的运用方法。

3.《托福词汇一本通》：本书主要讲解托福考试中的单词，但是其中的词汇量对于考研复习也非常有用。

考生可以通过学习这些单词来提高自己的阅读理解技巧。

二、翻译翻译是考研英语二的另一大考试环节。

备考者可以通过以下几种方式来提高自己的翻译能力：1.《剑桥商务英语翻译》：本书主要讲解商务英语的翻译技巧和方法，并且包含了大量的例句和练习题，让考生可以更好地了解商务英语翻译的实际应用。

2.《新视野大学英语(读写教程)》：本书主要是针对大学英语课程设计的，从翻译和写作两个方面来进行阐述，其中包含了大量的翻译练习，非常适合考研英语二的备考者阅读。

3.考研翻译实战题库：考研翻译实战题库是一套集复习、策略与模拟于一体的题库，整个题库分为20个模拟试卷和8000道口译、笔译题库，对于需要针对考研翻译实战进行模拟和策略训练的考生非常有用。

三、写作写作是考研英语二的最后一道考试环节。

备考者可以通过以下几种方式来提高自己的写作能力：1.《唐纳·默里的写作课》：本书主要讲述如何通过写作来进行思考和表达，非常适合考生针对写作环节进行提高。

2.《新东方·全国研究生入学考试英语应试指南》：本书主要是针对考研英语二的写作环节进行详细的阐述和讲解，包含了大量的写作范例和练习题。

（一）不定冠词1.不定冠词的选择2.不定冠词的用法3.不定冠词的特殊位置（二）定冠词（三）零冠词（四）有无冠词的区别高考质量提升是一项系统工程，涉及到多个方面、各个维度，关键是要抓住重点、以点带面、全面突破，收到事半功倍的效果。

一、备考策略务必精准高三备考的不同阶段，目标和任务各不相同，就像打仗一样，攻克不同的山头有不同的打法，只有抓住要领，才能打赢主动仗。

一是细化“作战地图”。

从现在到一模考试前，主要任务是过课本、串教材，把基础知识再夯实，为专题复习奠定坚实基础。

各学科组教师要认真学习新课程、新课标、《中国考试评价体系及说明》和近三年高考原题，把高考考点和试题变化点做成“作战地图”，平时考试、练习要对照“作战地图”进行选题，并在“作战地图”上一一标注，确保考点训练无死角、考点覆盖无遗漏。

二是组织集体攻坚。

发挥学科组集体备考的优势，学科组内任务分解、责任到人，每次考试变式训练的预测由组长把关。

学科组坚持“一课一研”、“一考一研”，新老教师步调一致，节奏有序，充分发挥分工协作的集体教研智慧。

三是找准学科增分点。

认真研究本省、本市、本校近年来的高考数据，细化到每一个知识点的得失分情况，找准突破点和增分点，有目的进行专项训练和突破提升。

英语的阅读理解和小作文、语文的古文分析和作文、理科的做题速度、文科的答题思路等，都要制定详细的训练方案和突破的方法策略，在实践中调整提升，打破制约瓶颈，找到质量提升的突破口。

二、课堂教学务必高效。

课堂是教育教学是主阵地。

高三年级教学时间紧，教学任务重，更要切实发挥课堂40分钟的作用。

一是上好微专题课。

春节前后，一轮复习进入后期，学生不会的知识点逐步浮出水面。

这些薄弱知识点如果解决不好，将直接影响到二轮复习的效果。

高三年级要围绕浮现出来的问题，上好微专题或微微专题课，针对某一个点或几个点精讲、讲透，触类旁通。

微专题课怎么上？可以针对学生不会的问题，每节课重点解决1-2个知识点，专题强调，专点训练，不贪多，顺一个点“追祖宗八代”，剖析透!微微专题，则更精、更准、更小、更有效，可以一节课只讲一道题，但是要把这一道题挖深、挖透，讲透一个会一类，做会一题能举一反三。

条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使⽤虚拟语⽓；假设的条件不能实现则是⾮真实条件句，要⽤虚拟语⽓。

判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。

通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反。

②与现在事实相反。

③与将来事实可能相反。

3、“后退⼀步法” 后退⼀步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪⼀事实相反后，按虚拟语⽓的后退⼀步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。

即：在⾮真实条件状语从句中，谓语动词按正常情况“后退⼀步”。

也就是： ①与过去事实相反，在从句中⽤过去完成时形式表⽰。

②与现在事实相反，在从句中⽤过去⼀般时形式表⽰。

③与将来事实可能相反，在从句中⽤过去将来时形式表⽰。

主句中则⽤情态动词would，should，could 等加⼀个与从句⼀致的动词形式。

例： ⑴、If I had come her yesterday，I would have seen him. ⑵、If I were a teacher，I would be strict with my students. ⑶、If it should snow tomorrow，they couldn't go out. 4、注意事项 ①if条件句中如有were，should，had，可以省去if，并使⽤倒装语序。

②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式⼀般⽤were. ⼆、虚拟语⽓在if 引导的条件句中的⽤法： （⼀）、表⽰与现在事实相反的情况。

其句⼦结构为： 从句：if + 主语+ 动词的过去式（be ⽤were） + …… 主句：主语+ would （should，could ，might） + 动词原形+ …… 例： 1.If I were you，I would go with him. 2.If the weather were fine，I would go there. 如果天⽓好，我去那⼉。

（事实天⽓不好） 3.If I were you，I would read it again. 如果我是你的话，我再读⼀遍。

英语语法基础知识第1课：1、be （是）动诃的用法：am接I； is接第三人称单数，即除you、I夕卜；are接表示多个人或事物，即复数。

（我是am,你是are, is连接它、她、他，单数is,复数are）。

2、not 是表示否定的词：不是的表达，am not, is not （isn' t）, are not （£iren， t）a3、“一•个”和“几个”的问题：“一个”是a+名词；“多个”是名词后面加s。

4、以无音开头（如O、E等），前面的冠词用an。

第2课：1、及物动词与不及物动词的区别：及物动词后面接宾语；而不及物动词后面不接宾语。

女|[ I like ice cream , It hurts o2、主语是he、she、i（和单数名词时，动词要发生第三人称的变化，即加s。

3、否定的用法：在动词之询加do not或does not。

I、You和复数名词做主语吋，否定就用do not；凡是单数名称和he、she、it做主语，否定就用does note第3课1 > my （我的）、your （你的）、his （他的）、her （她的）、their （他们的）、our （我们的）、its （它的）+ 名诃，如my love, your love 。

2、..................................... 名词所有格形式为:名词+' S,表示“的”,如Sophie' s world, children? sDay,Japan' s tomorrow o 3、.................................................. 用名词+of+名词,一般用在无生命的名词上,表示“...................................... 的’’，The sound of music（音乐之声）。

一. 教学内容：语法复习(二)简单句、并列句和复合句1)陈述句(肯、否)：He is six years old; She didn’t hear of you before.2)疑问句(普通、特殊、选择、反意)：Do they like skating? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can’t she?3)祈使句：Be careful, boys; Don’t talk in class4)感叹句： How clever the boy is!1)简单句：惟独一个主语(或者并列主语)和一个谓语(或者并列谓语)。

e. g. He often reads English in the morning.Tom and Mike are American boys.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.2) 并列句：由并列连词(and, but, or)或者分号(； )把两个或者两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。

e. g. You help him and he helps you.The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是的，道路是蜿蜒的。

3)复合句：含有一个或者一个以上从句的句子。

复合句包含：名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、语从句和状语从句。

e. g. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.1、主语+系动词+表语： e. g. He is a student.2、主语+不及物动词： e. g. We work.3、主语+及物动词+宾语： e. g. Henry bought a dictionary.4、主语+及物动词+双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语)：e. g. My father bought me a car.5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语(宾语+宾补)：e. g. Tom made the baby laugh.注：其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或者省略而构成。

《基础英语语法（二）》复习资料《基础英语语法》（二）复习资料1I．Multiple Choice1. ——What do you think has happened to Jack? ——I’ve no idea. I________ from him for a longtime.IIA. didn’t hearB. don’t hearC. haven’t heardD. hadn’t heard2. I can't afford as _________________________ car as this one.A. expensive aB. an expensiveC. a more expensiveD. a most expensive3. One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right.A. thatB. what thatC. that whatD. whether4. —Wasn’t it Dr. Wang who spoke to you just now?—_________________________.A. I didn’t know he wasB. Yes, it wasC. No, he wasn’tD.Yes, he did5. We produce 5,000 pairs of sports shoes every month, 75% ________ are sold abroad.A. which ofB. of whichC. of themD. of that6. ——Where are you going for your holiday?——I haven’t decided yet. I go to English.A. canB. mayC. mustD. ought to7. It was _________________________ he said _________________________ disappointed me.A. what; thatB. that; thatC. what; whatD. that; what8. ——Linda, are you going to Barbara’s wedding party tomorrow? —— Of course, I ________if ________A. am, shall be invitedB. shall, being invitedC. will, I’ll be invitedD. am, I am invited9. The house rent is expensive. I’ve got about half the spaceI had at home and I’m paying________here.A. as three times muchB. as much three timesC. much as three timesD. three times as much10. We must not ________ this kind of trick!A. fall inB. fall downC. fall toD. fall for11. They left the door open _________________________ to hear the baby.A.so as for meB. so that meC. in order for meD. and for me12. As a result of this hard work, he was admitted into ________ famous university.A. aB. theC. anD. 不填II Fill in the blanks according to the requirements give below.Part A: Find in each blank with an appropriate adjective according to context. The initialletter of the word has been given in each sentence.1.The teacher favoured my applying for a scholarship. His opinion is f_________.2.There are plenty of apples. The harvest has been p________this year.3.Graduation from the university was a moment of great importance. It was a m______ occasion.4.The stolen jewelry was valued at a thousand dollars. It was extremely v_______.5.Andy was always deep in thought. He was a very t ________ boy.Part B: Put the verbs in brackets into the -ing participle or the infinitive.1.Most people prefer ______(spend) money to _______(earn) it.2.Sorry, we do n’t allow ________(smoke) in the lecture room.3.This problem demands ______(look into).4.The doctor advised _______(take) exercise.5.I resented ______(be) unjustly accused.III. True OR False1. What made you to think like that? （）2. I want to know that:Has John been here? （）3. I was in last night （）4. Do you have anything more to say? （）5. 4000--- fourty hundred （）6. 174301---a hundred and seventy-four thousand,three hundred and one （）7. Did you say you had been waiting for us? （）8. Two and four made six. （）9. This is a date we are all proud of that （）10. Whom so you wish to speak to? （）Ⅳ. Rewrite the following sentences according to the requirements.Part A: Rephrase the following sentences using anticipatory it.Example: Possibly the Joneses will come to the party as well.→It is possible that the Joneses will come to the party as well.1. Whether they will come or not doesn’t matter very much.2. He is quite likely to let you down.3. You seem to have taken a dislike to him.Part B: Contradict the preceding statement with a cleft or pseudo-cleft sentence according to the “fact” indicated in brackets.Example: (the machine needs repairing.)A: The house needs repairing.B: No. It is the machine that needs repairing.4. (The man treated his wife viciously.)A: The man treated his children viciously.B: No. ___________________________________________5. (She has been studying French only for three months.)A: She has been studying French for years.B: No. __________________1.(Tom went to London on Tuesday.)A: Tom went to New York on Tuesday.B: No. _________________________________Part C: Rewrite the following sentences in such a way as to avoid the dangling participle constructions.Example: Walking in the fields, a snake bit Tom in the heel.→Walking in the fields, Tom was bitten in the heel by a snake.7. When carrying a gun, it should never be pointed at anyone.8.When depressed, a new hat will make a woman feel happier.9.Sitting in the dentist’s chair, an idea suddenly occurred to me.10.Running out of the house, a bike knocked me over.答案I．Multiple Choice1-5 CACBB 6-10 BADDD 11-15 CACCA 16-20CCCACⅡ.Fill in the blanks according to the requirements give below.Part A: Find in each blank with an appropriate adjective according to context.1. favourable2. plentiful3. momentous4.valuable5.thoughtfulPart B: Put the verbs in brackets into the -ing participle or the infinitive.1. spending, earning2. smoking3.to be looked into4. taking5. beingⅢ. True OR False1-5 FFTTF 6-10 TTTFTⅣ. Rewrite the following sentences according to the requirements.Part A: Rephrase the following sentences using anticipatory it.1.It doesn't matter very much whether they will come or not.2.It is quite likely that he will let you down.3.It seems they you have taken a dislike to him.Part B: Contradict the preceding statement with a cleft or pseudo-cleft sentence according to the “fact” indicated in brackets.4.It was his wife that the man treated viciously.5.It is only for three months that she has been studying French.6.It was to London that Tom went on Tuesday.Part C: Rewrite the following sentences in such a way as to avoid the dangling participle constructions.7.When carrying a gun, you should never point it at anyone.8.When a woman is depressed, a new hat will make her feel happier.9. Sitting in the dentist’s chair, I suddenly thought of an idea.10.Running out of the house, I was knocked over by a bike.《基础英语语法》（二）复习资料2I．Fill in the blanks according to the requirements give below.Part A: Find in each blank with an appropriate adjective according to context. The initial letter of the word has been given in each sentence.1.The flood was a disaster. The loss of the crops was d______.2.You’re always forgetting your assignment. You’re a ver y f_______ person.3.Don’t place your life in danger. Driving a car when you are tired can be d_______.4. A President’s power is very strong. He is the most p_______ Executive in the nation.5.The country had many mountains. It was very m________.Part B: Put the verbs in brackets into the -ing participle or the infinitive.1. A child can’t learn _____ (spell) without ________(be) helped..2.I don’t regret _______(tell) her what I thought, even if it upset her.3.She began_____(understand) what he really wanted.4.She always forgetting_____(give) me my letters.5.I dread _____(think) what will happen to her tomorrow.Ⅱ. Cloze.Directions: Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.The Victorians had become addicted to speed and they wanted to go ever faster. Time was money and efficiency became (1)____ important. Although divisions of labor had been (2)____ by Adam Smith and illustrated by a pin factory in The Wealth of Nations in 1776, (3)____ could now become fully realized. This specialization of labor was in (4)____ contrast to the rural means of production, in (5)____ the family was the means of production, consumption and socialization.(6)____ greater speed came a greater need for industries and businesses to make more and make it quicker. Steam made this (7)____ and changed working life forever (8)____ were the days when work was (9)____ by natural forces: steam engines were servant (10)____ neither season nor sunshine. Factories had foremen and life became correspondingly more (11)____. The clocking-on machine was (12)____ in 1885 and time and motion studies to increase efficiency would be introduced only (13)____ twenty years later. (14)____ it was not all bad news. Agricultural incomes depended on variable harvests and weather. Factories provided (15)____ and predictable income, but long hours.Working life was becoming increasingly regulated, and the working (16)____ was reorganized to promote ever-greater efficiency. The old (17)____ St. Monday - when no work was done━was(18)____, work stopped around midday on Saturday and did not resume (19)____ Monday morning.A new division between “work” and “leisure” emerged, and this new block of weekend leisure time coincided with thedevelopment of spectator sports like cricket and football, and the (20)____ of music hall entertainment for the new working classes.1.increasingly B. surprisingly C. slowly D. obviously2.contributed B. informed C. spread D. conceived3.he B. it C. these D. those4.clear B. marked C. apparent D. firm5.that B. what C. where D. which6.Upon B. Over C. With D. For7.possible B. practical C. worthwhile D. useful8.Passed B. Lost C. Gone D. Missed9.defined B. controlled C. limited D. dictated10.over B. on C. by D. to11.standard B. controlled C. difficult D. dreadful12.designed B. created C. invented D. bought13.some B. certain C. these D. those14.For B. But C. Consequently D. Accordingly15.safe B. good C. continuous D. secure16.week B. period C. pattern D. practice17.culture B. behaviour C. custom D. habit18.repair B. compensate C. mend D. moderate19.before B. until C. on D. after20.raise B. increase C. trend D. presentⅢ. Combine each pair of simp le sentences into one sentence, using subordination.1. Illness kept him away from school. He didn’t get the prize.2. I lost my pen somewhere. The auditorium might be the place.3. You promise to behave yourself. You shall not go to the party this afternoon.4. He came out of the Conference Room. Reporterssurrounded him.5. A German is coming to see me. I made his acquaintance in Hamburg last year.Ⅳ. Rewrite the following sentences according to the requirements.Part A: Rephrase the following sentences using anticipatory it.Example: Possibly the Joneses will come to the party as well.→ It is possible that the Joneses will come to the par ty as well.1. You were so kind to invite us.2. He is quite likely to let you down.3. To be here with you this evening is a great pleasure.Part B: Contradict the preceding statement with a cleft or pseudo-cleft sentence according to the “fact” indicate d in brackets.Example: (the machine needs repairing.)A: The house needs repairing.B: No. It is the machine that needs repairing.4.(He has painted the window green.)A: He has painted the window white.B: No. ______________________________5.(He is determined to pass the test.)A: He is determined to buy a new car.B: No. __________________________________6.(He will be flying to Moscow.)A: He will be travelling in China.B: No. ____________________________________Part C: Rewrite the following sentences in such a way as to avoid the dangling participle constructions.Example: Walking in the fields, a snake bit Tom in the heel.→Walking in the fields, Tom was bitten in the heel by a snake.7. When carrying a gun, it should never be pointed at anyone.8. When depressed, a new hat will make a woman feel happier.9. Sitting in the dentist’s chair, an idea suddenly occ ur red to me.10. Wondering where to go, an advertisement caught her eye.答案I．Fill in the blanks according to the requirements give below.Part A: Find in each blank with an appropriate adjective according to context.1. disastrous2. forgetful3. dangerous4. powerful5. mountainousPart B: Put the verbs in brackets into the -ing participle or the infinitive.1.spelling, being2. telling3. to understand4. to give5. to thinkⅡ. Cloze.1-5. ADBBD 6-10.CACDD 11-15.BCABD 16-20.ACCBAⅢ. Combine each pair of simple sentences into one sentence, using subordination.1. Because illness kept him away from school, he didn’t get the prize.2. The auditorium might be the place where I lost my pen.3. Unless you promise to behave yourself, you shall not go to the party this afternoon.4. When/As he came out of the Conference Room, he was surrounded by reporters.5. A German whose acquaintance I made in Hamburg last year is coming to see me.Ⅳ. Rewrite the following sentences according to the requirements.Part A: Rephrase the following sentences using anticipatory it.1. It was so kind of you to invite us.2. It is quite likely that he will let you down.3. It is a great pleasure to be here with you this evening .Part B: Contradict the preceding statement with a cleft or pseudo-cleft sentence according to the “fact” indicated in brackets.4.It is green that he has painted the windows.5.What he is determined to do is to pass the test.6.What he will be doing is flying to Moscow.Part C: Rewrite the following sentences in such a way as to avoid the dangling participle constructions.7. When carrying a gun, you should never point it at anyone.8. When a woman is depressed, a new hat will make her feel happier.9. Sitting in the dentist’s chair, I suddenly thought of an idea.10. As she was w ondering where to go, an advertisement caught her eye.《基础英语语法》（二）复习资料3I．Fill in the blanks according to the requirements give below.Part A: Fill in each blank with an appropriate adjective according to the context. The initial letter of the word has been given in each sentence.1.I’ve been reading a mystery story. Many m______ events took place in it.2.I doubt if you will get your parents’ approval. I’m very d________.3.I wish I could agree with you, but it is difficult to be a______ when you are so stubborn.4.The guard was given a medal for his courage in the face of danger. He was a ____ soldier.5.Give me all the details. I need a d_____ description of your experiment.Part B: Put the verbs in brackets into the -ing participle or the infinitive.1.It’s silly _____(risk) ______ (get) your feet wet.2.I hate _______(mention) it, but you owe me some money.3.I wish he would stop _____(pretend) to be an expert on Byzantine Art.4.Training to be a singer means ____(practise) at least two hours every day.5.They encouraged _____(learn) English by radio and television.Ⅱ. Cloze.Directions:Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.Everyone knows that taxation is necessary in a modern state: without it, it (1) ______ not be possible to pay the soldiers and policemen who protect us; (2) ______ the workers in governmentoffices who (3) ______ our health, our food, our water, and all the other things that we cannot do for ourselves. (4) ______ taxation, we pay for things that we need just (5) ______ we need somewhere to live and something to eat. But (6) ______ everyone knows that taxation is necessary, different people have different ideas about (7) ______ taxation should be arranged.In most countries, a direct tax on (8) ___________, which is called income tax, (9) ______. It is arranged in such (10) ______ that the poorest people pay nothing, and the percentage of tax grows (11) ______ as the taxpayer's income grows. In some countries, for example, the tax on the richest people (12) ______ as high as ninety-five percent!(13) ______ countries with taxation nearly (14) ______ have indirect taxation too. Many things imported into the country have to pay taxes or “duties.” Of course, it is the men and women who buy these imported things in the shops (15) ______ really have to pay the duties, in the (16)___________ of higher prices. In some countries, (17) ______, there is a tax on things sold in the shops. If the most necessary things are taxed, a lot of money is (18) ______ but the poor people suffer most. If unnecessary things (19) ______ jewels and fur coats are taxed, less money is obtained but the tax is (20) ______, as the rich pay it.1. A. can B. may C. could D. would2. A. nor B. neither C. never D. not3. A. look into B. look over C. look after D. look through4. A. In accordance with B. By means of C. With reference toD. On account of5. A. as well as B. as good as C. as such as D. as much as6. A. if B. when C. though D. as7. A. when B.how C.why D.which8. A. persons B. sectors C. communities D. classes9. A. remains B. stays C. exists D. happens10.A. form B. way C. measure D. method11.A. quicker B. speedier C. more D. larger12.A. grows up B. increases up C. goes up D. lifts up13.A. But B. Consequently C. Similarly D. And14.A. periodically B. almost C. often D. always15.A. which B. who C. what D. whom16.A. manner B. form C. means D. way17.A. either B. also C. too D. often18.A. lent B. saved C. borrowed D. collected19.A. alike B. like C. as D. for20.A. heavier B. fairer C. finer D. betterⅢ. Combine each pair of simple sentences into one sentence, using subordination.1.He didn’t get up early enough. He missed the train.2.Any of these problems can be solved by ordinary intelligence and hard work. None of them aretoo difficult for us.3.The Johnsons were curious about their new neighbors. The Johnsons went and visited them atthe first opportunity.4.You can go out. You promise to be back before eleven.5.The teacher must speak clearly. The students can understand well.IV. Rewrite the following sentences according to the requirements.Part A: Rephrase the following sentences using anticipatory it.Example: Possibly the Joneses will come to the party as well.→It is possible that the Joneses will come to the party as well.1.I think a good idea would be to get up a petition.2.Getting the car on the boat was rather complicated.3.He clearly indicated that he didn’t want to speak to me.Part B: Contradict the preceding statement with a cleft or pseudo-cleft sentence according to the “fact” indicated in brackets.Example: (the machine needs repairing.)A: The house needs repairing.B: No. It is the machine that needs repairing.4.(He could not repair the machine.)A: He could not repair the house.B: No. ___________________________________5.(John bought the car from Henry.)A: John bought the car from Smith.B: No. ____________________________6.(At the station we were met by a man carrying a copy of The Times.)A: At the station we were met by a woman carrying an umbrella.B: No. _____________________________Part C: Rewrite the following sentences in such a way as to avoid the dangling participle constructions.Example: Walking in the fields, a snake bit Tom in the heel.→Walking in the fields, Tom was bitten in the heel by a snake.7.When carrying a gun, it should never be pointed at anyone.8.When depressed, a new hat will make a woman feel happier.9.Sitting in the dentist’s chair, an idea suddenly occurred to me.10.Barking furiously, I led the dog out of the room.答案I．Fill in the blanks according to the requirements give below.Part A: Find in each blank with an appropriate adjective according to context.1. mysterious2. doubtful3. agreeable4. courageous5. detailedPart B: Put the verbs in brackets into the -ing participle or the infinitive.1. to risk, getting2. to mention3. pretending4. practising5. to learnⅡ. Cloze.1—5 DACBD 6—10 CBACB 11—15 DCADB 16—20 BCDBBIII. Combine each pair of simple sentences into one sentence, using subordination.1.Because he didn't get up early enough, he missed the train.2.As any of these problems can be solved by ordinary intelligence and hard work, none of themare too difficult for us.3.Curious about their new neighbors, the Johnsons went and visited them at the first opportunity./Because the Johnsons were curious about their new neighbors, they went and visited them at the first opportunity.4.You can go out, as/so long as you promise to be backbefore eleven.5.The teacher must speak clearly so that the students can understand well. /In order to let thestudents understand well, the teacher must speak clearly.IV. Rewrite the following sentences according to the requirements.Part A: Rephrase the following sentences using anticipatory it.1.It would be a good idea to get up a petition./ I think it a good idea to get up a petition.2.It was rather complicated getting the car on the boat.3.It was clearly indicated that he didn’t want to speak to me.Part B: Contradict the preceding statement with a cleft or pseudo-cleft sentence according to the “fact” indicated in brackets.4.It was the machine that he could not repair.5.It was from Henry that John bought the car.6.It was by a man carrying a copy of The Times that we were met at the station.Part C: Rewrite the following sentences in such a way as to avoid the dangling participle constructions.7. When carrying a gun, you should never point it at anyone.8. When a woman is depressed, a new hat will make her feel happier.9. Sitting in the dentist’s chair, I suddenly thought of an idea.10. Barking furiously, the dog was led out of the room.。

高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解专题二冠词一、不定冠词微专题易错点1.不定冠词 a/an 表示人或事物的某一类（泛指）①用于辅音音素发音开头的词前, 如：a book;a②用于元音音素发音开头的词前，如 an ant , an interesting storyan注意:以元音字母开头，发音却以辅音音素开头的单词，如: a European, a university, a usual job, 以辅音字母开头，发音却以元音音素开头的单词，如: an hour，an honest boy, an unusual job 注意字母发音，a “u” ；an “a/e/i/o/f/h/l/m/n/r/s/x”2.相当于one Give me a glass of water. 给我一杯水。

3.相当于 any, every, per A square has four sides. 正方形有4条边。

4. a/an+物质名词/专有名词/抽象名词:"a/an+物质名词”表示“一阵一场,一杯”等a heavy rain 一场大雨 ; a coffee 译本：一杯咖啡"a/an+专有名词”表示"某一个不认识的人”a Mr. WangA Mr.Smith has called to see you. 有位史密斯先生打电话要见你。

"a/an+抽象名词”表示"一个具体的人或物”a success 一个成功的人/一件成功的事;a failure一个失败的人/一件失败的事5.表示一种，一场或某次动作的一次，一番 It was a just war. 那是一场正义之战。

6.表示引起某种情绪的事 It's a pleasure to talk with you. 很高兴与你交谈。

7.表示性质特征等“相同” They are of a height.他们一样高。

8.a/an+序数词/形容词最高级+单数可数名词:"a/an+序数词” 表示“又一，再一” give me a second chance"a/an+形容词最高级+单数可数名词”表示"非常的.." a most interesting book9.含有不定冠词的固定搭配as a result/consequence结果 keep an eye on照看take a rest/break休息一下 in a word简言之in a hurry匆忙地 in a way/sense在某种意义上make a living谋生 as a matter of fact 事实上pay a visit to 参观；拜访 go on a diet节食at a loss不知所措 give sb. a hand / do sb. a favor 帮助某人have a cold感冒 all of a sudden 突然have a fever/temperature 发烧 give sb.a lift 让某人搭便车have a gift for... 在……方面有天赋 have a word with 与……谈话a waste of... 浪费…… once in a while 偶尔二、定冠词the微专题易错点1.特指某人某事①这些人或事往往是第二次提到的John bought a TV set and a radio, but he returned the radio the next day.约翰买了一台电视和一个收音机，但次日他就把收音机退了回去。

（一）不定冠词1.不定冠词的选择用不定冠词a或an填空①useful animal②university③one-window hall④ugly man⑤European country⑥hour2.不定冠词的用法翻译句子,并指出每个句子中画线的不定冠词的作用①Have you got a car?②A knife is a tool.③I know a Mary.④A teacher teaches.⑤A bus is coming.⑥Three times a day.3.不定冠词的用法用不定冠词翻译括号内的短语以补全下列每一句话，并指出不定冠词的用法①The train runs (每小时200公里).②The two books are of (同一类).③I would like (一杯咖啡和两杯啤酒).④Mo Yanis (一个成功的人)as a writer.⑤We are building (一个新中国).⑥The book will help you develop (对...的深入理解)of China.⑦a.have (看一看)have (散步)have (洗澡)b.take (休息)take (淋浴)take (测试)c.give (微笑)give (大喊)give (吹口哨)d. make (作出选择)make (作决定)make (制订计划)⑧a.dream (做一个美梦)b.fight (作艰苦的斗争)c.sleep (睡个好觉)d.live (过幸福的生活)⑨有....的天赋b.玩得开心c.开会d.做鬼脸e.努力f.谋生g.拜访h.坐下4.不定冠词的特殊位置用不定冠词“a或an”填空①This is so (有趣的)film that we all want to see it.②He is as (优秀的)student as you are.③He is far more boy.他是一个相当聪明的孩子。

形容词的比较级和最高级知识讲解及练习比较等级分为：原级，比较级，最高级( 三级跳)一、原级：即形容词的原形。

如：small, good, pretty, big, many用原级的三种情况：1、无比较，可用very/ too/ so/ quite/ really/ kind of/ a little/ a bit 修饰。

这本书很/太/如此/的确有趣。

This book is very/too/so/really interesting.2. A = B, A和B一样…; A+ 动词+as +原形+as +B（+相应的be，情态动词或助动词）He is as tall as me/I. 他像我一样高.【练习】①他和我一样高。

He is as ________ (tall) as I/me.②英语比语文一样重要。

English is as _______________ (important) as Chinese.③他的头发和我的头发一样长。

His hair is ________ ________ _______ mine.④他学习和你一样努力。

He works _______ hard ______ you.3. A< B, A不如B… A +动词(否定式)+as/so +原形+as +B （*也可用A + 动词+ less +原级 + than+ B.）My coat is not as/so beautiful as yours. 我的外套不如你的漂亮. (=My coat is less beautiful than yours.)I don’t run as/so fast as you. 我跑得不如你快。

【练习】①他没我高。

He is ______ ________ ________ (tall) as me.②今天没有昨天暖和。

Today is ______ _______ _______(warm) _______ yesterday.=Yesterday ______ ________ than today.③他昨天来得没有我早。

中考英语语法：中考英语语法复习(二)初中英语复习专辑（2）--冠词1、不定冠词a,ana用在辅音音素开头的词前eg.abookausefulbooka"u"[ju:sful][ju:]an用于元音开头的词前.eg.anappleanhouran"F"[au][ef]2、定冠词the1)特指某人/某物Thebookonthedeskismine.2)世上独一无二的事物前thesun,themoon,theearth,thesky3)形、副最高级及序数词前Thethirdboyisthetallestofall.(但当这些词前已有其他限定词，如物主代词、所有格、指示代词时，则不能再用the) HeismyfirstEnglishteacher.4)the+姓的复数表示"某家人"或"某夫妇"。

theGreens格林一家/格林夫妇3、不用冠词的几种情况：1)在星期、月份、季节前不用冠词2)学科名词前3)球类运动及早、中、晚三餐名词前（但：①当三餐名词前有修饰词时，则要加适当的冠词.②表乐曲演奏的名词前应加the）1)Hewenttoschoolafterhehadaquickbreakfast.2)playtheviolin/piano练习()1.Thereis____"s"in____word"bus".A.a;aB.an;theC.a;theD.an;a()2.Mathsis___usefulsubject.Y oucan'tdropit,Ithink.A.anB.aC.theD./()3.____badweatheritis!A.HowB.WhataC.HowaD.What()4.-Whatcoloris___orange?--It's_____orange.A.an;anB.an;theC.an;/D./;an()5.Mr.Liis____oldworker.A.anB.aC.someD./()6.Lookat____picture!There's____houseinit.A.a;aB.the;theC.a;theD.the;a()7.Onemorninghefound____handbag.Therewas___"s"onthecornerof___handbag.A.a;an;theB.a;a;theC.a;a;aD.the;an;a()8.What___interestingstoryitis!A.aB.anC.theD./()9.Meimeiis___beststudentinherclass.A.aB.anC./D.the()10.Tomis___kindboy.All___studentslovehim.A.a;/B.a;theC.an;/D.an;the()11.Is___bookonthedeskmine?Y es.A.theB.aC.anD./()12.Evenwhilehewasin___hospital,hewentonwritingsongs.A.aB.anC.theD./()13.Don'tread_____.A.inbedB.inthebedC.onbedD.onthebed()14.Smithis____honestman.A.aB.theC.anD./()15.Chinahas___populationof1,200,000,000.A./B.anC.theD.a()16.What's____for"椅.子"?A.EnglishB.anEnglishC.theEnglishD.anyEnglish()17.Maryis___clevererofthetwogirls.A.theB.aC.anD.much()18.____youngmustlookafter___old.A.The;aB.The;theC.A;aD.A;the()19.___earthisoneof____planets.A.The;sun'sB.The;thesunC.The;thesun'sD.The;thesuns'()20.Tokyois___.A.thecapitalofJapanB.capitalofJapanC.JapancapitalD.acapitalofJapan()21.Katesometimesplays___violin(小提琴)andsometimesplays___tabletennisbeforesupper.A./;theB.the;/C.the;theD./;/()22.-Haveyouseen___pencil?Ileftitherethismorning.--Isit___redone?Isawit.A.a;theB.the;theC.the;aD.a;a()23.Thereis_______orangetreebehind_____house.A.an;theB.a;aC.the;theD.an;/()24.-Howlongdidyoustaythere? --Abouthalf___hour.A./B.oneC.aD.an。