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英美概况第二讲(UK History)

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英美概况Chapter 2

英美概况Chapter 2
7
3. the Roman contribution
• • • • • (1) they built a network of towns on their military camps with the capital of London (the suffix –caster or –chester in English place names—Lancaster, Winchester—derives from castra, the Latin word for camp.) (2) the Romans constructed a network of major and secondary roads. From London, roads radiated all over the country. (3) The Romans made good use of Britain’s natural resources. They built baths, temples, amphitheatres and beautiful villas. (4)The Romans also brought the new religion, Christianity, to Britain. 8
3
2. The Beaker Folk 宽口陶器人 （以其铃、钟形宽口陶器而闻名）
• (1) When and where were they from? • At about 2000 BC (at the early Bronze Age) the Beaker Folk arrived from the areas now known as Holland and the Rhineland. • Why were they so called? (How did they take their name?) • from their distinctive bell-shaped drinking vessels (or beakers) • How about their civilization? (What did they bring with them?)

英美概况课件the History of UK

英美概况课件the History of UK

• Romans invaded Britain in 55BC to conquer the native Britons but retreated by 409. • First invasion - Caesar's first raid (55BC) • Second invasion - Caesar's second raid (54BC) • Third and final invasion - in 43 A.D. Emperor Claudius organized the final and successful Roman invasion of Britain
•
•
The Anglo-Saxons established many kingdoms based on their tribes. The many small kingdoms gradually combined into seven principal kingdoms of Kent, Essex, Sussex, Wessex, East Anglia, Mercia and Northumbria. They were generally given the name of Heptarchy. In the early 9th century, Wessex became the dominant kingdom.
•
Between the 5th and 7th centuries, Germanic people form Europe ----- the Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes ----arrived in massive members, who have come to constitute Britain’s present predominant stock. Their language became the foundation of the basic, short, everyday words in modern English.

英语国家概况II. British History

英语国家概况II. British History

The Tower of London
• William sailed his army across the English Channel to conquer England. On October 14, 1066, he met Harold at Hastings and conquered him. On Christmas Day later that year, William the conqueror was crowned King of England.
The Great Charter
The Beginning of the Parliament • Clause 14 states that the common consent of the kingdom was to be sought from a council of the archbishops, bishops, earls and greater Barons. This later became the great council, which led to the first parliament.
Stonehenge
Early Settlers
3. In the 1st millennium BC (公元前 1000 年 ), the Celts (凯尔特人 ) overran the British Isles. Celtic warriors were farmers when they weren’t fighting.
The Great Charter
The Beginning of the Parliament
• 注：Magna Carta (the Great Charter) 英 国大宪章。1215年，英国大封建领主和教 会反对英王约翰的一些政策，迫使他签署 了保障部分公民权和政治权利的文件，限 制国王的权力。大宪章被认为是维护公民 权不受王权侵犯的重要文件。

British_history_2 英语国家概况 英国历史相关

British_history_2 英语国家概况 英国历史相关

Steam Engine
Merchant Fleet
2.4 The Industrial Revolution
• By the middle of 19th century, the Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain
❖ Its influence: Britain changed in many ways
The industrial revolution
• Causes: 1. Favorable geographical location 2. Political stability 3. Fast-growing population 4. Enclosure movement 5. Well-trained engineers and craftsmen
2.3 Restoration and the Glorious Revolution
• Restoration: –1661, Charles II: to restore the old social order –1685, James II: to reestablish Catholicism
The industrial revolution
• 5. Compton’s mule spinner(1779) also replaced hand labor and required
steam to drive them 6. Cartwright’s
power loom(1784)
2.4 The Industrial Revolution
Parliamentarians (Roundheads [圆颅党人]) ❖ Result: the monarchy was abolished in 1949

英美概况(英国) (2)

英美概况(英国) (2)

Chapter II The People了解
• The people of Britain are a mixed race and may speak several kinds of languages. In Wales many people speak Welsh, in Scotland about 80000 people in the Highlands possess their own Gaelic language, but English is the official language, for in history Britain was invaded by Roman, Saxon, Viking and Norman. • The three great Germanic tribes: the Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes which invaded Britain form the basis of the modern British people. • Some Africans were brought to Britain as slaves and servants, thousands of people have arrived in Britain as refugees from France, Ireland, Russia and other countries. • UK’s total population is 60.2 million.
• 4. The Invasion of Viking and the Danish Rule • Around the turn of the 8th century northern warriors, called the Vikings from Norway and Demark invaded England. • When the lands was almost completely lost, the Saxons were saved by the King Alfred of Wessex. Later he made an agreement with Guthrum, the Danish king, that Guthrum ruled the north and he ruled the south. • Near the end of the 10th century the Danish attacked again the south. In 1013 the Danish King, Sweyen, became the master of England.

专业课程《英美概况2》

专业课程《英美概况2》

专业课程《英美概况2》目录•课程介绍与教学目标•英国篇：政治、经济与社会制度•美国篇：政治、经济与社会制度•英美文化：传统、习俗与价值观•英美教育：体系、特点与发展趋势•英美科技：创新、应用与影响•总结与展望：深化对英美的理解与认识01课程介绍与教学目标《英美概况2》课程简介01本课程是英语专业的一门必修课程，旨在帮助学生深入了解英国和美国的历史、文化、政治、经济等方面的知识。

02通过本课程的学习，学生可以更好地理解和分析英美两国的社会现象和问题，提高跨文化交际能力。

03本课程采用多媒体教学和课堂讨论相结合的方式，鼓励学生积极参与和互动。

教学目标与要求知识目标掌握英美两国的基本概况，包括历史、文化、政治、经济等方面的知识。

能力目标能够运用所学知识分析和解决与英美两国相关的问题；提高跨文化交际能力。

情感目标培养学生对英美文化的兴趣和好奇心，增强跨文化意识和国际视野。

教材及参考书目教材《英美概况教程》（第二版），高等教育出版社。

参考书目《英国文化史》、《美国文化史》、《英美政治制度比较》等。

同时建议学生积极利用网络资源，如BBC、CNN等英文媒体，以及各类学术网站和数据库，获取最新的信息和资料。

02英国篇：政治、经济与社会制度英国政治制度及改革议会制度英国实行议会制，议会是最高立法机关，由上议院和下议院组成。

议会拥有立法权、财政权和监督权。

内阁制度英国内阁由首相和若干名大臣组成，是最高行政机关。

首相由下议院多数党领袖担任，负责组建内阁并领导政府。

选举制度英国实行普选制，选民通过投票选举产生议员和地方政府官员。

选举采取简单多数制，即获得最多选票的候选人或政党获胜。

英国经济发展现状与趋势经济现状英国是世界第五大经济体，拥有高度发达的工业、服务业和金融业。

伦敦是世界著名的金融中心之一。

经济发展趋势近年来，英国经济保持稳定增长，但面临着一些挑战，如人口老龄化、生产率增长缓慢等。

未来，英国经济将继续向数字化、绿色化和全球化方向发展。

British_history_2 英语国家概况 英国历史相关

British_history_2 英语国家概况 英国历史相关

to rule as God-given, which should not be
challenged by anyone, and he preferred no
Parliament at all.
Charles I
2.1 Religious Reformation
❖ parliamentary clashes over monopolies
William III and Mary
The Glorious Revolution of 1688
The Rise of the British Empire
• The industrial revolution • The chartist movement • The workshop of the world • The colonial expansion
The industrial revolution
• Causes: 1. Favorable geographical location 2. Political stability 3. Fast-growing population 4. Enclosure movement 5. Well-trained engineers and craftsmen
▪ England was declared a commonwealth, i.e. a
republic
Roundheads with pikes
2.3 Restoration and the Glorious Revolution
• Restorahe old social order –1685, James II: to reestablish Catholicism

英美概况(第二版)USA chapter 2 History of the United States[精]

英美概况(第二版)USA chapter 2 History of the United States[精]
An Outline of the UK and the USA
3. The Independence War of America 1763-1783
On April 19, 1775, the first shot was fired in the village of Lexington near Boston. Thus the American War of Independence began.
An Outline of the UK and the USA
Warming-up
On July 4, 1776, the Congress formally declared the independence • The Declaration states: “We hold these truths to selfevident: That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; that to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed; that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, …”

英美概况课件——英国的二战

英美概况课件——英国的二战
批注本地保存成功开通会员云端永久保存去开通
Britain in the Two World Wars
❖ Britain and First World War ❖ Britain and the Second World War ❖ The Post War Britain
The Rivalry between Britain and Germany
❖ Result of the War ❖ destroyed many cities; ❖ changed the face of London; 250,000 casualties [`kæӡjuәlti] caused poor economic and financial
difficulties; end of empire. Churchill received massive popular
❖ In January 1919, representatives from 27 nations gathered in Paris to decide the fate of the defeated nations. The talk was dominated by the “Big three” : the United States , France ,Britain.
❖ In1907 Britain reached an agreement with Russia, and allied herself with France and Russia .The Triple Entente was formed.
causes
❖ the fundamental cause: ❖ Redividing the world colonies among the

英美国家概况(英国部分)Unit 2 History

英美国家概况(英国部分)Unit 2 History

• Infrastructure – Government (fell apart when they left) – Walls, villas, public baths (some remains still exist)
• Language and Writing – Latin was official language – Practice of recording history led to earliest English “literature” being documentary
• The Celts were Pagans (异教徒) and their religion was know as “animism” (万物有灵论) a Latin word for “spirit.” Celts saw spirits everywhere
• Druids were their priests; their role was to go between the gods and the people
• Danes, who were Vikings from Denmark, attacked Southeastern England and established some small kingdoms.
• Military—strong armed forces (“legions”) – Pushed Celts into Wales and Ireland – Prevented Vikings from raiding for several hundred years: C. Warren Hollister writes, “Rome’s greatest gift to Britain was peace” (15).

周书麟英美概况Chapter 2

周书麟英美概况Chapter 2
Chapter 2 History of the United Kingdom
Part 1
Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 Part 5 Ⅰ. Iberians (2500BC) and the Celtic Invasion (700 -300 BC). From earliest known history until the Norman Conquest in 1066 AD, the British Isles were invaded by migratory tribes and 诺曼征服 pirates landing along the flat southern and eastern coastlines, including the Iberians , Celts , Saxons , Romans and Normans. 伊比利亚人 凯尔特人 撒克逊人 The first known inhabitants were Iberians during the Stone and Bronze Ages . From the 7th to the 3rd centuries BC, the Celtic tribes arrived form what is now Germany and Netherland. 石器时代和铜器时代
罗马天主教会
Prehistory to the Norman Conquest
Part 6
Part 7 Part 8
.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Chapter 2 History of the United Kingdom
Part 1
Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 Part 5
The Making of a Nation: from the Norman Conquest to the Renaissance

英美概况 Unit 2 British History I

英美概况 Unit 2 British History I


Sir Thomas More (7 February 1478 – 6 July 1535), also known as Saint Thomas More, was an English lawyer, scholar, author, and statesman. During his life he gained a reputation as a leading Renaissance humanist, a violent opponent of the Reformation of Martin Luther, and a government official. For the last six years of his life he was Lord Chancelly
Part I
Chapter I Pre-feudal Society
1. Early Settlement (…-55 B.C.)
the Ice Age (about 20,000 years ago)--- Iberians (3000 B.C. today’s Spain)--- the Celtic (about 750 B.C.)
John Milton (9 December 1608 – 8 November 1674) was an English poet, author, polemicist and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England. He is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost and for his treatise condemning censorship, Areopagitica.

英美国家概况(英文版)chapter 2 history of the UK

英美国家概况(英文版)chapter 2 history of the UK

Mary, a devout Catholic, had so many Protestants burnt to death, that she is remembered less by her official title Mary I than by her nickname Bloody Mary.
Pay rent
paid rent to those gentle folks in grain, service or cash, with little left to sustain.
Middle Age
church
The Pope in Rome who could always inspire the fear of eternal damnation by expelling from the Church a king or even a whole nation, wielded great political power over the whole of Western Europe.
The second is adventure on the sea.
For the first time English ships began to explore the world and trade with distant countries. They soon came into conflict with the might of Spain who had established a rich empire in the Americas. Sea fights between Spanish and English ships were frequent, and astonishingly, the English were the more aggressive and the more successful.

英国历史╲t英美概况教学课件

英国历史╲t英美概况教学课件
Chapter II History three clues to learn history: 1. important kings and queens 2. the changing of the Houses 3. the important events *
Chapter II History
I. The Origin of the English Nation II. The great charter and beginning of parliament III. the decline of feudalism IV. House of Tudor V. House of Stuart
Canute
Edward –the confessor
5）Norman invasion (1066---1154)
The influences (Page 219) a. a firmly established feudal system b. a much stronger control over the country c. French as the official language
The Heptarchy
4）Danish viking ( 8th C --- 11th C ) twice invasions---the ending of 8 th C.
the beginning of 11 th C.
The House of Wessex came into being in A.D. 892. Alfred –the Great * Edgar –the Peaceable king Canute Edward –the confessor

英美概况PPT

英美概况PPT

2. The beginning of Plantagenet Dynasty (金雀花王朝，安茹王朝）
William, the Conquorer William Rufus (William’s second son) Henry I (William’s youngest son) Henry II (first king of PD)
He robbed the rich to aid the distressed Legend in Sherwood Forest Read Sir Scott’s Ivanhoe 《艾凡赫》
② Its major clauses
(1) no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council； (2) no freemen should be arrested, imprisoned or deprived of their property； (3) the Church should possess all its rights, together with freedom of elections； (4) London and other towns should retain their traditional rights and privileges (5) there should be the same weights and measures throughout the country
Henry II’s struggle with the archbishop of Canterbury
Henry II chose his old-time friend Thomas Becket to be the Archbishop of Canterbury But Becket gave no support to Henry’s religious reform on Clergical privilege—he refused King’s demand of criminal cleric being sentenced in the King’s court (they might get minor or milder punishment in Church court)

英美概况第二讲(UK History)

英美概况第二讲(UK History)

A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
1.1.3 Roman Britain (43 AD-5th Century)
First invasion—In August 55 BC, Julius Caesar invaded Britain Second—Caesar's second raid in 54 BC Third and final—In 43 AD, Emperor Claudius, final and successful Roman invasion of Britain
I II III IV V
The Rise and Fall of the British Empire
Britain since World War II
Additional Information
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
I
The Founding of the Nation
Left—Germanic barbarians attacked Rome, forcing all Roman troops to leave Britain, and thus ending the Roman occupation of the island.
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
1.1.6 The Norman Conquest
In 1066, Edward chose Harold of Wessex to be King in his place. Duke William, often referred to as William the Conquer, challenged Harold’s succession, won the Battle of Hastings, and was crowned King.

英美概况 英国历史

英美概况 英国历史

• 2.3 The Hundred Years’ War with France (1337-1453) • Reasons: territorial and economic • Edward III claimed the French crown in 1337. • By 1453, France had won back their land (with gunpowder) except for city of Calais.
• The Romans built a network of towns and a network of roads. From London, roads radiated all over the country. They also brought the new religion, Christianity. They pulled out in AD 410. • The Roman impact on the Britons was surprisingly limited. They left behind only roads, a few place names, and clusters of Christian converts.
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Chapter 2 History
• 1.The Origins of a Nation: from the prehistory to Norman Conquest • 1. 1 Early Settlers (5000BC—55BC)
Statue of Alfred the Great, Winchester
• 1.5 The Norman Conquest (1066) • When King Edward was on his deathbed, four men laid claim to the English throne. And one of them was the duke of Normandy.

大三上学期英美概况British-History市公开课获奖课件省名师示范课获奖课件

大三上学期英美概况British-History市公开课获奖课件省名师示范课获奖课件
❖ a famous legendary person: King Arthur and his “round table”
❖ Roman Christianity St. Augustine brings Christianity to Britain from Rome and becomes Archbishop of Canterbury
The Norman Conquest
❖Origin: northern France ❖Its country--- Normandy ❖The Norman Conquer England in 1066 ■ the war between William and Harold in
1066 ■ the death of Edward ■ the battle of Hastings ■ William the conqueror, the first Anglo-
successful Roman invasion of Britain ❖ Left—Germanic attack in
Rome, forcing all Roman troops to leave Britain, and thus ending the Roman occupation of the island.
❖This is the last invasion of England by foreigners.
1.1.6 The Norman Conquest
In 1067, William started building the Tower of London, the great fortress which demonstrated his power and dominated the city of London.
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A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
1.1.4 The Anglo-Saxon Invasion (5th-8th Century)
Germanic people (the Jutes from Jutland, Angles from South of Denmark and Saxons from Germany) English (language of the Angles) dominant language Roman Christianity St. Augustine brings Christianity to Britain from Rome and becomes Archbishop of Canterbury
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
1.1.3 Roman Britain (43 AD-5th Century)
First invasion—In August 55 BC, Julius Caesar invaded Britain Second—Caesar's second raid in 54 BC Third and final—In 43 AD, Emperor Claudius, final and successful Roman invasion of Britain
I II III IV V
The Rise and Fall of the British Empire
Britain since World War II
Additional Information
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
I
The Founding of the Nation
Left—Germanic barbarians attacked Rome, forcing all Roman troops to leave Britain, and thus ending the Roman occupation of the island.
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
Julius Caesar
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
1.1.3 Roman Britain (43 AD-5th Century)
Capable administrators & good builders (towns and cities & roads) Building of London River Thames “London Bridge” Building of roads
Stonehenge and its Statue
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
1.1.2 Celtic Britain (8th-5th Century BC)
The name of Britain—Britons Tribal society Celtic Language (Irish Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh)
Norman Cavalier
William the Conquer
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
1.1.6 The Norman Conquest
Norman Conquest (诺曼征服) The military conquest of England by William, duke of Normandy. It is primarily effected by his decisive victory at the Battle of Hastings (Oct. 14, 1066) and results ultimately in profound political, administrative, and social changes in the British Isles.
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
1.1.6 The Norman Conquest
In 1066, Edward chose Harold of Wessex to be King in his place. Duke William, often referred to as William the Conquer, challenged Harold’s succession, won the Battle of Hastings, and was crowned King.
Alfred the Great
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
1.1.5 Danish Invasion (8th Century-1066)
• Westminster Abbey, an architectural masterpiece of the 13th to 16th centuries.
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries8th Century-1066)
Alfred the Great (阿尔弗雷德大帝, 871-899) He prevented England from falling to the Danes and promoted learning and literacy. Compilation of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle began during his reign, c. 890.
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
1.1.6 The Norman Conquest
Immediately after Christmas 1066, William started building the Tower of London, the great fortress which demonstrated his power and dominated the city of London.
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Chapter 2 History
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
CONTENT
The Founding of the Nation Transition to the Modern Age
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
1.1.4 The Anglo-Saxon Invasion (5th-8th Century)
St. Augustine (圣奥古斯丁, ？-604/605) First archbishop of Canterbury and the apostle (传道者) of England, who founded the Christian church in southern England. Pope Gregory the Great chose him in 595 to lead a mission, usually known as the Gregorian mission, to Britain to Christianize the Kingdom of Kent. Converted many Anglo-Saxons to Roman Christianity.
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
1.1.5 Danish Invasion (8th Century-1066)
the Vikings (from the Scandinavian countries: Norway, Denmark and Sweden)
1.1 Roman Britain and the Anglo-Saxons
1.2 Feudal Society
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
1.1 Roman Britain and Anglo-Saxons
1.1.1 Prehistoric Period (history undocumented)
A Guide to English-Speaking Countries
1.2.1 Great Charter (Magna Carta)
House of Anjou (安茹王朝, 1154-1485) 14 kings Also known as the House of Plantagenet (金雀花王朝) transforming England into one of the most mature kingdoms in Europe Major Events: the Magna Carta (大宪章), Hundred Years‟ War
Stonehenge It is the most famous prehistoric monument in Britain and is situated on Salisbury Plain in the county of Wiltshire. People began building Stonehenge about 5,100 years ago, dragging each stone into place.
Alfred the Great: king of Wessex Peace Treaty: The eastern half of the island was to be subject to the Danish law known as the Danelaw. From 1016 to 1042, under the rule of Danish kings In 1042, the English throne was returned to the Anglo-Saxons.