国际结算术语词典

国际结算(International settlement):是指两个处于不同国家的当事人，（因为商品买卖、服务供应、资金调拨、国际借贷）通过银行进行的货币收付业务。

汇票(Bill of Exchange):是由一人向另一人签发的书面的无条件的命令，要求其立即、或定期，或在将来可以确定的时间，把一定金额的货币支付给一个特定的人，或他的指定人，或来人。

本票(Promissory Note):是一项书面的无条件的支付承诺，由一人做成，并交给另一人，经制票人签名承诺即期或定期或在可以确定的将来时间，支付一定数目的金钱给一个特定的人或其指定人或来人。

支票(Cheque):是一种以银行为付款人的即期汇票。

汇款(Remittance):由汇款人委托给银行，将款项汇交给收款人的一种结算方式，是一种顺汇方式。

托收(Collection):是委托收款的简称。

卖方在装船后根据贸易合同的规定，委托当地银行通过买方所在地银行向买方收取货款的行为。

信用证(Letter of Credit):是一种银行开立的有条件的承诺付款的书面文件。

商业发票(COMMERCIAL INVOICE):是出口商向进口商开立的发货价目清单，记载有货物名称、数量、价格等内容，是卖方向买方计收货款的依据。

海运提单(Marine/Ocean Bills of Lading):是要求港至港（Port to Port)的运输单据。

是由承运人或其代理人根据海运合同签发给托运人的证明文件，表明货物已经装上指定船只或已经收妥待运，约定将货物运往载明的目的地，交给收货人或提单持有人。

保险单(INSURANCE policy):是保险公司对被保险人的承保证明，又是双方之间权利义务的契约，在被保险货物遭受损失时，它是被保险人索赔的主要依据，也是保险公司理赔的主要依据。

分行(Branch Bank):到国外开设自己的分支机构。

国外分行是其总行在东道国经营常规银行业务的合法经营机构。

国际结算(International settlement）贸易（Trade Settlement）非贸易(Non-Trade Settlement)EDI（Electronic Data Intercharge）电子数据交换，控制文件(Control Documents）有权签字人的印鉴（Specimen Signatures）密押（Test Key)费率表（Terms and Condition）货物单据化，履约证书化，( cargo documentation ，guarantee certification)权利单据（document of title）流通转让性（Negotiability）让与(Assignment）转让（Transfer）流通转让（Negotiation)汇票的定义是：A bill of exchange is an unconditional order in writing, addressed by one person to another，signed by the person giving it，requiring the person to whom it is addressed to pay on demand or at a fixed or determinable future time a sum certain in money to the order or specified person or to bearer。

“汇票” （bill of exchange，exchange或draft）无条件支付命令（unconditional order to pay）出票条款（drawn clause)利息条款(with interest）分期付款(by stated instalment)支付等值其它货币（pay the other currency according to an indicated rate of exchange)付款人(payer)受票人(drawee）付款期限（time of payment）或（tenor）即期（at sight, on demand, on presentation）付款.远期（at a determinable future time ，time/ usance / term bill）付款。

国际结算（international settlement）是一项国际间债权债务关系或跨国转移资金而通过银行来完成的跨国(地区)货币收付活动。

信用工具（financial instruments）是以书面形式发行和流通，用以证明债权人权利和债务人义务的契约证书。

汇款（remittance）托收（collection）信用证（letter of credit 简称L/C）保付代理（简称保理，factoring）包买票据（forfaiting）单据（documents）国际贸易结算中使用的所有商业单据与金融单据。

商业单据（commercial documents）指的是狭义的单据。

常见的单据：发票（invoice），提单（bill of lading，简称B/L），保险单（insurance policy），附属单据（海关发票、领事发票）等国际贸易融资（international trade finance）又叫国际结算融资，指围绕国际贸易结算的各个环节发生的资金和信用融通活动。

SWIFT把银行业务分为9大类型：1.客户汇款（customer transfer）2.银行间头寸调拨（bank transfer）3.外汇业务（foreign exchange confirmation）4.托收业务（collection）5.证券业务（securities）6.贵金属和银团贷款业务（precious metal and syndication）7.信用证和保函（documentary credit and guarantees）8.旅行支票（travelers cheques）9.银行帐单处理（statements）清算（clearing）是指不同银行之间因资金的代收、代付而引起的债权债务通过票据清算所或清算网络进行清偿的活动。

清算所同业支付系统（CHIPS）是作为替代纸票据清算的一个电子系统。

也是一个贷记转帐系统。

国际结算（international settlement）是指为了清偿国际债权债务关系或跨国转移资金而发生在不用国家之间的货币收付活动。

汇出行（Remitting Bank）是受汇款人委托而汇出款项的银行。

汇入行（Paying Bank）也称解付行，是接收汇出行委托并将款项支付给收款人的银行收款人（Payee）是汇出款的最终接受者。

电汇（Telegraphic Transfer, T/T）是汇出行应汇款人的申请，通过加押电报或电传的方式指示汇入行解付一定款项给收款人的方式。

信汇（mail transfer，M/T）是指汇出行应汇款人的申请，通过信函指示汇入行解付一定款项给收款人的方式。

票汇（Demand Draft，D/D）是汇出行应汇款人的申请，开立以汇入行为付款人的银行汇票，交汇款人由其自行携带出国或寄给收款人凭票取款的汇款方式。

汇款（remittance）是指银行接受客户的委托，通过其自身建立的通汇网络，委托国外联行或代理行将客户的款项交付给收款人的一种结算方式。

托收（collection）指银行根据手袋的指示（托收指示）处理金融单据和/或商业票据，以便取得付款和/或承兑；凭付款和/或承兑交单；按照其他条款和条件交单的一种结算方式。

信用证（letter of credit，L/C）是银行开立的有条件的承担第一性付款责任的书面文件。

具体来说，它是银行（开证行）根据进口方（开证申请人）的要求和指示，向出口方（受益人）开立的，在一定期限内凭符合信用证款规定的单据，即期或在可以确定的将来的日期，对出口方支付一定金额的书面保证文件。

付款交单（Documents against Payment， D/P）是指委托人指示代收行在付款人付清款项后将单据交出。

即付款人“付款在先，取单在后”，付款是取单的先决条件。

承兑交单(documents against acceptance,D/A)买方对卖方开具的见票后当天付款的跟单汇票，于提示时应即承兑，并应于汇票到期日即予付款。

参考资料：《国际结算》相关术语中英文对照国际结算 International Settlement有形贸易 Visible Trade无形贸易 Invisible Trade洗钱 Money Laundering支付协定 Payment Agreement国际结算制度 System of International Settlement支付系统 Payment System代表处 Representative Office代理处 Agency Office海外分、支行（境外联行） Overseas Sister Bank/Branch,Subbranch 代理银行 Correspondent Banks附属银行（子银行） Subsidiary Banks联营银行 Affiliated Banks银团银行 Consortium Bank票据 Instrument设权性 Right to Be Paid无因性 Non causative Nature要式性 Requisite in Form流通性 Negotiability可追索性 Recoursement基本当事人 Immediate Parties附属当事人 Remote Parties出票人 Drawer付款人 Payer，Drawee收款人 Payee背书人 Endorser被背书人 Endorsee持票人 Holder承兑人 Acceptor保证人 Guarantor汇票 Bill of Exchange限制性抬头 Restrictive Order指示性抬头 Demonstrative Order持票来人抬头 Payable to Bearer出票日期 Date of Issue出票人签字 Signature of the Drawer出票地点 Place of Payment付款地点 Place of Payment付款日期 Tenor见票即付 At Sight or on Demand定日付款 At a Fixed Date见票后定期付款 At a Fixed Period after Sight出票后定期付款 At a Fixed Period after Date付一不付二 Pay This First/Second Bill担当付款人 Person Designated as payer预备付款人 Referee in Case of Need必须提示承兑 Presentment for Acceptance Required 不得提示承兑 Acceptance Prohibited付对价持票人 Holder for Value正当持票人Holder in Due Course/Bona Fide Holder 银行汇票 Banker’s Draft商业汇票 Trade Bill承兑汇票Acceptance Bill银行承兑汇票 Banker’s Acceptance Bill商业承兑汇票 Trade’s Acceptance Bill即期汇票 Sight Draft ,Demand Draft远期汇票 Time Bill, Usance Bill光票 Clean Bill跟单汇票 Documentary Bill本票 Promissory Note商业本票Promissory Note银行本票 Cashier’s Order/Check国际汇票 Overseas Money Order支票 Cheque or Check出票 Issue背书 Indorsement承兑 Acceptance保证 Guarantee保付 Certified to Pay提示 Presentation付款 Payment拒付 Dishonour追索 Recourse顺汇 Remittance逆汇 Reverse Remittance汇款人 Remitter汇出行 Remitting Bank汇入行 Paying Bank收款人 Payee电汇 Telegraphic Transfer信汇 Mail Transfer票汇 Remittance by Banker’s Demand Draft预付货款 Payment in Advance货到付款 Payment after Arrival of the Goods托收 Collection委托人 Principal托收行 Remitting Bank代收行 Collecting Bank付款人 Drawee提示行 Presenting Bank托收申请书 Collection Application托收委托书 Collection Advice信用证 Letter of Credit议付行 Negotiating Bank偿付行 Reimbursing Bank开证申请人Applicant开证行 Issuing Bank受益人 Beneficiary通知行 Advising Bank保兑行 Confirming Bank付款行 Paying Bank光票信用证 Clean Credit跟单信用证 Document Credit不可撤销信用证Irrevocable Credit可撤销信用证 Revocable Credit保兑信用证 Confirmed Credit不保兑信用证 Unconfirmed Credit即期付款信用证 Sight Payment Credit延期付款信用证 Deferred Payment Credit承兑信用证 Acceptance Credit转让信用证 Transferable Credit不可转让信用证 Nor-transferable Credit背对背信用证 Back to Back Credit循环信用证 Revolving Credit预支信用证 Anticipatory Credit银行保函 Letter of Guarantee申请人 Applicant/Principal受益人 Beneficiary担保行 Guarantor Bank通知行 Advising Bank转开行 Reissuing Bank反担保行 Counter Guarantor Bank保兑行 Confirming Bank投标保函 Tender Gurantee履约保函 Performance Gurantee预付款保函 Advanced Payment Gurantee质量保函Quality Gurantee关税保付保函 Customs Gurantee付款保函 Payment Gurantee延期付款保行 Defeerd Payment Gurantee补偿贸易保函 Compensation Gurantee来料加工保函 Processing Gurantee租赁保函 Lease Gurantee借款保函 Loan Gurantee保释金保函 Bail Bond票据保付保函Gurantee For Bill费用保付保函 Payment Gurantee for Commission 备用信用证 Stand-by Letter of Credit单据 Documents商业发票 Commercail Invoice首文 Heading正文Body海关发票 Customs Invoice形式发票 Proforma Invoice领事发票 Consular Invoice样品发票 Sample Invoice广商发票 Manufacturer Invoice证实发票 Certified Invoice货物运输单据 Transport documents海运提单Marine Bill of Loading托运人 Shipper/Consignor承运人 Carrier收货人 Consignee受让人 Transferee or Assignee已装船提单 Shipped on Board待运提单 Received for Shipment直达提单Direct B/L转船提单 Transshipmen B/L联运提单 Through B/L清洁提单 Clean B/L不清洁提单 Unclean B/L记名提单 Straight B/L不记名提单 Open B/L指示性提单 Order B/L简式提单 Short Form B/L全式提单 Long Form B/L班轮提单 Liner B/L租船提单 Charter B/L运输代理行提单 Horse B/L过期提单 Stale B/L倒签提单Anti-dated B/L集装箱运输提单 Container B/L多式运输 Multimodal Transport多是运输单据Multimodal Transport Document不可流通转让的海运单 Non-negotiable Sea Waybill租船合约提单 Charter Party Bill of Lading航空运单 Airway Bill基本险 Chief Risk一般附加险 Additional Risk特殊附加险 Special Additional Risk保险单 Insurance Policy预约保险单Open Policy of Open Cover保险凭证 Insurance Certificate保险声明 Insurance Declaration联合凭证 Combined Certificate暂保单 Cover Note商品验证说明 Inspection Certificate产地证明书 Certificate of Origin包装单据 Packing Document装货箱 Packing List重量单 Weight List打包贷款 Packing Credit/Loan出口押汇 Outward Bill质押书 Letter of Hypothecation出口托收押汇 Advance against Documentary Collection 银行承兑 Bank’s Acceptance票据贴现 Bill Discount出口发票 Invoice Discounting进口开证额度 Limits for Issuing of Credit信托收据 Trust Receipt, T.R, T/R留置权书 Letter of Lien进口押汇 Inward Bills进口信用证押汇 Inward Bill Receivables买房远期信用证 Buyer’s Usance L/C提货担保 Delivery against Bank Guarantee国际保理 International Factoring销售分户账管理 Maintenance of The Sales Ledger债款回收 Collection from Debtors信用销售控制 Credit Control坏账担保 Full Protection Against Bad Debts贸易融资 Trade Financing福费廷 Forfaiting贴现率 Discount Rate承诺费 Commitment Fee利息补贴 Interest Make-up侨汇 Overseas Chinese Remittance外币兑换业务 Exchange of Foreign Currency旅行支票 Traveler’s Cheque信用卡 Credit Card万事达卡 Master Card维萨卡 VISA Card运通卡 American Express Card大莱卡 Diners Club Car国际贸易结算：以票据为基础，单据为条件，银行为中枢，结算与融资相结合的非现金结算体系。

1．国际结算国际结算是指为清偿国际间债权债务关系，而发生在不同国家之间的货币收付活动。

2．国际惯例国际惯例是指在长期的国际贸易和结算实践中，逐渐形成的一些通用的习惯做法和普遍规则。

3．票据抗辩票据抗辩是指票据义务人根据票据法的规定，提出相应的事实或理由，拒绝履行票据义务的行为。

4．汇票汇票是由一人向另一人签发的要求即期、定期或在可以确定的将来时间向指定人或根据其指令向来人无条件支付一定金额的书面命令。

或者：汇票是出票人签发的，委托付款人在见票时或者在指定日期无条件支付确定的金额给收款人或者持票人的票据。

5．票据行为票据行为是指能够引起票据法律关系的发生、变更或消灭的各种行为。

6．背书背书是持票人在票据背面签名，以表明转让票据权利的意图，并交付给受让人的行为。

即背书的目的主要是为了转让票据权利，但托收背书和质押背书除外。

7．承兑承兑是指远期汇票的付款人在汇票上签名，同意按出票人指示到期付款的行为。

包括写成和交付8．背书连续背书连续是指在票据转让中，转让汇票的背书人与受让汇票的被背书人，在汇票上的签章依次前后衔接。

9．票据权利票据权利是指依票据而行使的，以取得票据金额为直接目的的权利，它包括付款请求权和追索权。

或：票据权利是指持票人向票据债务人请求支付票据金额的权利，包括付款请求权和追索权。

10．票据欺诈票据欺诈是指利用票据骗取他人资金、财物的违法犯罪行为。

11.出口押汇出口押汇是指出口商将代表货权的提单及其他单据抵押给银行，并从银行得到扣除押汇利息及费用后的有追索权的垫款方式。

或者是指银行有追索权地向进口商购买跟单汇票或全套货权单据的行为。

12. 假远期信用证：即买方远期信用证，一般都有买方远期条款，以此说明远期汇票即期付款，买方负担贴现费用。

对受益人来说，收到的是远期信用证，却同样能够即期收到十足的货款，因此是一种假远期信用证13．软条款信用证：在信用证条款中，包括一个或一些灵活条款，这些灵活条款弹性很大，足以改变信用证的性质，即被称为软条款信用证。

汇票：是一人向另一人签发的，要求后者即期或定期，或在可以确定的将来的时间，对某人或其指定人或持票人支付一定金额的无条件的书面支付命令。

本票：是由一人签发给另一人，签票人保证在见票时或在指定日期或可以推定的将来日期，支付一定金额给某人或其指定人或执票来人的一张无条件的书面支付承诺。

支票：是银行存户对银行签发的，授权银行对某人或其指定人或持票人即期支付一定金额的无条件的书面支付命令。

出票人：是指开立票据并交付给他人的人。

收款人：是指收取票款的人，是票据的主债权人。

受票人：是指根据出票人的命令支付票款的人或票据开给的当事人商业汇票：是企业或个人对企业，个人或银行签发的汇票，主要是在国际结算贸易中，出口商向国外进口商或银行收取货款时签发使用的背书：是持票人在汇票背面签字并把它交给对方的行为。

背书有两个行为：签字行为和交付行为。

两个行为同事具备才有效承兑：是指远期汇票的付款人在持票人做承兑提示时，在汇票上写明“承兑”字样，加注承兑日期并签字（有时还加注付款到期日期）,确认其同意执行出票人发给的无条件的命令，并将该汇票交还持票人或另制承兑通知书交给持票人的行为。

提示：是指持票人向汇票付款人出示汇票，要求其付款或承兑的行为。

付款：即期汇票或已经承兑人承兑的远期汇票到期时，由持票人向付款人提示付款，经付款人或承兑人正当付款，并收回汇票后，汇票上所反映的债权债务关系即告结束托收：是指由卖方开具汇票并随附单据，把它交给当地银行，并提出申请，委托该行通过它在进口地的代理行代向进口商收款的方式承兑交单：是代收航只凭付款人对远期跟单汇票履行承兑手续后即可将货运单交给付款人，而不必等到付清货款之后。

信用证：是由进口地银行应进口方的要求和指示向出口方开立的凭规定的单据在一定期限内支付的一定金额的书面保证文件议付：在信用证结算方式下，出口商所在地银行买入信用证项下跟单汇票的行为。

信托收据：银行客户(进口商)在货物或货权凭证由银行控制时要求不付款提取货物所签发的文件。

1国际结算INTERNATIONAL SETTLEMENT 是一项国际间债权债务关系或跨国转移资金而通过银行来完成的跨国(地区)货币收付活动2信用工具FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS,是以书面形式发行和流通,用以证明债权人权利和债务人义务的契约证书.3清算CLEARING是指不同银行之间因资金的代收、代付而引起的债权债务通过票据清算所或清算网络进行清偿的活动。

4票据bill是出票人签发的，承诺自己或委托他人在见票时或指定日期向收款人或持票人无条件支付一定金额，可以流通转让的一种有价证券。

5追索Recourse指票据的付款人或承兑人如果对合格票据拒绝承兑或付款，正当持票人为维护其权利，有权通过法定程序向所有债务人起诉，追索，要求得到票据权利。

6对价持票人HOLDER FOR VALUE对价持票人就是指其本人或其前手在取得票据时付出过适当代价的持票人。

7善意持票人BONAFIDE HOLDER他必须是可流通票据的善意受让人；其取得的票据必须票面完整合格且未过期；而且他必须在取得票据时并不知道该票据曾被退票或其任何前手有权利缺陷。

8正当持票人HOLDER IN DUE COURSE善意的对价持票人即为正当持票人9汇票BILL OF EXCHANGE出票人签发的，委托付款人在见票时或者在指定日期无条件支付确定的金额给收款人或者持票人的票据。

10光票CLEAN BILL指无需附带任何单据即可收付票款的汇票。

11跟单汇票DOCUMENTARY BILL指附带商业单据的汇票，跟单汇票一般为商业汇票。

12支票CHEQUE OR CHECK是银行存款户根据协议向银行签发的即期无条件支付命令。

13本票notes是一个人向另一个人签发的，保证于见票时或定期或在可以确定的将来时间，对某人或其指定人或持票来人无条件支付一定金额的书面付款承诺。

14背书ENDORSEMENT是将汇票权利转让他人为目的的一种行为。

通过背书，票据权利从背书人转让给被背书人。

背书人：指在票据的背面签署，意即将票据上的权利转让给后手的持票人。

国际结算：国际结算就其本质而言是对国际间由于政治、经济、文化等一切活动所引起的债权债务加以了结的一种方式。

贴现：指银行或贴现公司买进未到期票据，从票面金额中扣取贴现日至到期日的利息后，将余额付给持票人的一种业务。

电汇：汇出行应汇款人的申请，用加押电报、电传或SWLFT形式指示汇入行（国外联行或代理行）解付一定数额款项给指定收款人的一种汇款方式。

托收:是债权人（出口商)为向债务人（进口商)收取款项，出具汇票(债权凭证)委托银行代为收款的一种支付方式。

即期付款交单:是指由出口商开具即期汇票，通过代收银行向进口商提示，进口商见票即须付款，才能取得货运单据的一种结算方式。

跟单信用证:是一种银行在一定条件下承担第一性付款责任的书面承诺.它是进口方银行（开证行）根据进口商（申请人）的申请和要求，向出口商（受益人）开立，凭规定的单据，在一定期限内，支付一定金额的书面保证文件。

远期信用证:是受益人提示单据后，开证行和保兑行并不立即付款，而是按照信用证上或汇票上规定的日期，或是自己履行付款义务，或是保证付款人到期履行义务的信用凭证。

循环信用证:是指信用证的金额被全部或部分使用后，能恢复到原金额，循环多次使用，直到信用证达到规定的次数、时间或金额为止的信用证。

议付:出口方代理行收到开证行的邀请或根据信用证的相关规定，审核单据相符之后, 买入跟单汇票，向受益人垫付信用证项下款项, 成为付对价持票人或正当持票人的行为。

信托收据:申请人(进口商)出立收据承认收到了质押权属于开证行的单据，同意以受托人身份提取、储藏和出售有关货物，并保证出售货物所得价款全部无条件地交与开证行。

这是信用证项下申请人从开证行获得资金融通(先提货后付款)的一种方式。

国际结算专业词汇Acceptance n. 接受，承兑，承认The act of giving a written undertaking on the face of a usance bill of exchange to pay a stated sum on the maturity date indicated by the drawee of the bill, (usually in exchange for documents of title to goods shipped on D/A terms) - see Collections Introduction.Acceptance Credit 承兑信用证A documentary credit which requires the beneficiary to draw a usance bill forsubsequent acceptance by the issuing bank or the advising bank or any other bank as the credit stipulates - see Documentary Credits.Accommodation Bill 融通票据，欠单In the context of fraud, a bill drawn without a genuine underlying commercial transaction.Accountee n. 开证申请人，开证帐户主Another name for the applicant/opener of a documentary credit i.e. the importer = the person for whose account the transaction is made.Advice of Fate 出险事故通知The Collecting Bank informs the Remitting Bank of non- payment/non-acceptance or (for D/A bills) of acceptance and the bill maturity date - see Handling Import Collections.Advising a. 指导，通知Act of conveying the terms and conditions of a DC to the beneficiary. The advising bank is the issuing bank agent, usually located in the beneficiary country - see Export - DC Advising.Advising also involves authentication i.e. advising bank should take reasonable care to check the apparent authenticity of the credit (ICC UCC 500 Art 7).Amendment n. 修改Alteration to the terms of a DC; amendments must stem from the applicant, be issued and advised to the beneficiary; the beneficiary has the right to refuse an amendment if the credit is irrevocable - see Amendments to DCs.Applicant n. 申请人One who applies to his bank to issue a documentary credit; in the majority of credits issued the applicant is an importer of goodsB返回Back-to-Back Credit 背对背信用证，转开信用证A credit issued against the security back of another credit (master credit) on the understanding that reimbursement will stem from documents eventually presented under the first credit (master credit) issued - see Special DCs. It follows therefore that each side of a B/B transaction covers the shipment of the same goods. Beneficiary n. 受益人，受款人A payee or recipient, usually of money.A party in whose favour a documentary credit is established, usually the exporter. Bill for Collection (BC) 托收票据Document(s) or cheque submitted through a bank for collection of payment from the drawee.Bill of Exchange (B/E) 汇票An unconditional order in writing, addressed by one person to another, signed by the person giving it, requiring the person to whom it is addressed to pay on demand or at fixed or determinable future time a sum certain in money to or to the order of a specified person, or to bearer.Bill of Lading (B/L) 提单A receipt for goods for shipment by sea. It is a Document of Title: see Documents.Bill Receivable (BR) 应收票据Bills which are financed by the receiving branch, whether drawn under a DC or not, are treated as BRs by both the remitting branch and the receiving branches - see Bills Receivable.Blank Endorsed 空白背书，无记名背书When a bill of lading is made out to order or shipper order and the shipper has signed on the back of it, it is said to be blank endorsed. The bill of lading then becomes a bearer instrument and the holder can present it to the shipping company to take delivery of the goods.C返回Carrier n. 运输行，货运商，承运人，货船，运载工具Person or company undertaking for hire the conveyance of goods e.g. shipping companyCase of Need （票据用语）如有必要，需要时的代理Agent nominated by a principal, to whom the collecting bank may refer in specified circumstances concerning collections - see the sections on Collections.Chaser n. 提示行Reminder sent by the collecting (or DC issuing) bank to the importer, repeating a request for payment - see Handling Import Collections.Clean a. 清洁的，未写过的，不附保留条件的Used to describe a draft/cheque with no shipping documents - see Collections Introduction.Used to describe a bill of lading without clauses that expressly declare a defective condition of the goods or the packing.Clean Bill Purchased 购光票A collection bill purchased with no shipping Purchase documents - see FinancingExport Collections.Clean Bill Receivable (CBR) 不附带单据应收票据BR (Bill Receivable) with no shipping documents. The term is more often used for non-trade bills such as travellers cheques.Clean Collection 光票托收A draft with no documents Collection attached - see Collections ?Introduction?Clean Import Loan (CIL) 无抵押进口商融资A loan granted to an importer for payment of import bills, without the Bank havingany claim to the goods.Collection Bank 托收银行Bank in the drawee country that is instructed to collect payment from the drawee - see Collections Introduction.Collection Order 托收委托书Form submitted, with documents, to the Remitting/Negotiating Bank by an exporter with his instructions - see Collections ?Introduction.Confirming a. 确认的，保证的Act of a bank other than the issuing bank assuming the liability for payment, acceptance or negotiation of correctly presented documents under a DC - see Confirmation of DCs.Consignment n. 托运，寄售，寄售货物，交付Shipment of goods.Consignee n. 承销人，收货人，收件人，信用证申请人The person/company/bank to whom the goods are delivered - usually the importeror the Collecting Bank - see Handling Import Collections.Consigner n. 寄售人，托运人，寄件人Also called shipper, is the person/company who sends goods by ship, by land or air.Contingent Liability 或有负债A liability that arises only under specified conditions, e.g. when a bank opens a DCit incurs an obligation to make a future payment on condition that the terms are fully met.D返回DC Bills 信用证跟单汇票Bills drawn under documentary credits.Deferred Payment Credit (DPC) 延期付款信用证A DC which allows the nomination of a bank, or the issuing bank to effect paymentagainst stipulated documents at a maturity date as specified or determinable from the wording of the credit.Demurrage n. 延滞费，滞港费，滞留期A charge made by a shipping company or a port authority for failure to load orremove goods within the time allowed.Discounting n. 贴现，计算现值Act of purchasing an accepted usance bill of exchange at an amount less than the face value.Discrepancy n. 不一致，有差异，价差，异议Any deviation from the terms and conditions of a DC, or the documents presented there under, or any inconsistency between the documents themselves - see Negotiation under DCs.Dishonor v. n. 退票，拒兑，拒付Non-payment or non-acceptance.Documentary Credit (DC) 跟单信用证，押汇信用证A conditional undertaking by a bank to make payment, often abbreviated to credit. More precisely, it is a written undertaking by a bank (issuing bank) given to the seller (beneficiary) at the request of the buyer (applicant) to pay a sum of money against presentation of documents complying with the terms of the credit within a set time limit.Documents n. 文件，单据，证券，记录，货运单据The characteristics and importance of the various documents associated with Import/Export operations are explained and illustrated in Deciding on Documents.Documents Against Acceptance (D/A) 承兑交单Instruction for commercial documents to be released to the drawee on acceptance of the Bill of Exchange - see Collections ?Introduction.Documents Against Payment (D/P) 付款交单Instruction for documents to be released to the drawee only on payment - see Collections ?Introduction.Documents of Title 所有权文件，所有权凭证Documents that give their owner the right to the goods, i.e. Bill of Lading.Draft n. v. 汇票，草案，拟定，吃水Bill of exchange issued by an exporter and submitted to his bank for collection, or under a DC - usually submitted with attached shipping documents - not to be confused with a banker’s draft which is sometimes used as a vehicle for reimbursement.Drawee n. 受票人，付款人Party on whom a bill is drawn and the one to whom presentation is to be made according to the collection order - the importer (NB: for DC bills, the drawee is usually the DC issuing bank).Drawer n. 出票人，开票人The exporter, who draws the Bill of Exchange/draft which in itself is a claim for payment.Due Date 到期日，期满日Maturity date for paymentE返回Expiry Date 有效期截止日期，期满日期Latest date, usually in the country of the beneficiary, on which negotiation/payment of a DC can take place.F返回Financed Bills 金融票据，融通票据Bills sent on collection in which the remitting branch has a financial interest.Foreign Bill Purchased (FBP) 购入外国汇票，购入外国票据A bill remitted to a correspondent bank in which the remitting branch is financingthe exporter - see Financing Export Collections.Forward Exchange Contract 远期外汇合同，远期外汇契约Contract between the Bank and its customer to buy/sell a fixed amount of foreign currency at a future date at a specified rate. This could be for a customer to make payment under a DC or to sell the proceeds received from an export negotiation.Freight v. n. 运费，运输，装运，运送的货物Goods OR the cost of transporting goods.G返回General Average 共同海损Loss which is the result of a sacrifice voluntarily made or an expense incurred; for the sole purpose of saving a ship and its cargo in face of a common danger (e.g.jettison of cargo to lighten a ship in distress). The loss is borne proportionately by ship and cargo owners according to their respective interests in the voyage.Gross Weight 毛重，总重量The weight of the merchandise in its shipping form, i.e. including all its packaging. I返回Import License 进口许可证A permit issued by the importing country'S authorities in respect of goods subjectto import licensing restrictions.Incoterms 国际贸易术语Shipping Terms - see I ntroduction to International Trade.Indemnity n. 赔偿，赔偿金，赔偿物，补偿，赔偿保证Also known as Letter of Guarantee (L/G), it is an undertaking given in respect of discrepancies in documents presented under a credit. The beneficiary who issues the indemnity is primarily liable to repay funds received from the negotiating bank in settlement under the credit, if the negotiating bank cannot obtain reimbursement from the issuing bank as a result of documents being rejected by the applicant.Inherent Vice （货物的）固有缺陷The propensity of a commodity to self-destruction which gives rise to a high insurance risk, therefore cover is given only after payment of an additional premium (e.g. fruit rots, coal-dust spontaneously ignites).International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) 国际商会The international body which promotes and facilitates world trade, and which codifies world trade practices in various publications - see ICC Rules?under Introduction to International Trade.Irrevocable Credit 不可撤销信用证Constitutes a definite undertaking of the issuing bank and the confirming bank, if any, to honour the credit provided the terms of the credit are observed. It may be advised to the beneficiary without engagement by the advising bank, and cannot be amended or cancelled unless the issuing bank, the confirming bank and the beneficiary agree.Issuing Bank 开证行The bank that opens a documentary credit at the request of its customer, the applicant.L返回Letter of Credit (L/C) 信用证American term for documentary credit. In the United States, the terms D/C can often be confused for documentary collection.Letter of Hypothecation 押汇负责书，押货预支书A promise to hold goods as security taken from customers who are granted loansagainst goods imported on a collection basis.Loan Against Imports (LAI) 进口押汇Loans granted to import customers for payment of bills.M返回Master Credit 原信用证In back-to-back operations, the original export credit against which the second credit is openedMaturity n. （票据的）到期，到期日，偿还日Due date of payment of a usance bill or promissory note.N返回Negotiable/Non-Negotiable 可转让的，可流通的／不可转让的，不可流通的Usually used with regard to Bills of Lading: a negotiable B/L is a valid document of title, while a non-negotiable B/L is not - the beneficiary of a DC (the exporter) may send the importer a non-negotiable B/L for information.Negotiation（信用证的）让购，议付Purchase of drafts under a documentary credit which the issuing bank hasundertaken to pay.Net Weight净重The weight of the merchandise before any packaging.Non-DC Bills非跟单信用证项下开立的汇票Bills not drawn under DC i.e. sent on a collection basis (D/P or D/A). In common usage we distinguish between Non DC bills which are financed collections and DCs which are non-financed.Non-Financed Bills无息汇票Bills sent on collection in which the remitting branch has no financial interest.Noting退票通知The first stage in protest of a dishonoured bill: if instructed to protest for non-payment/non- acceptance, the collecting bank must send the bill to a notary public who will represent it to the drawee on the same day it was refused, or the next business day. If the drawee still refuses the bill the notary public notes on the bill: the amount of his charges, the date and his initials. The reason for refusal is shown on a note attached to the bill. The bill is then protested - see Protest.O返回Opener n. （信用证）申请人，开证人See Applicant.Opening Bank 开证行See Issuing Bank.Order (To) 抬头人，指定收货人The phrase To Order is sometimes shown on Bills of Lading against consignee: this means that the Bill of Lading must be endorsed in blank by the shipper (i.e.not to any particular named party which makes it bearer document and it becomes transferable by delivery.)P返回Packing Credit 打包放款A loan given to the beneficiary by the bank to enable him to purchase rawmaterials. The beneficiary is usually requested to deposit the DC with the bank as security.Past Due 过期的，逾期的Bill or loan that has not been paid on the maturity date/due date.Paying Bank 付款行The bank that makes payment to the beneficiary of a payment DC after presentation to it of documents stipulated in the DC.Perils of the Seas 海险，海难They are accidents or casualties of the sea. The ordinary actions of the winds and waves are not included. Heavy or tempestuous weather on a voyage is of sufficient violence to constitute a peril of the sea.Power of Attorney 委托书，代理证书Authority given to one party to act for another.Presentation n. 提示，（单据的）交兑，（信用证的）议付，Act of requesting the importer payment/acceptance of an import bill. - See Handling Import Collections.Presenting Bank 提示行The bank that requests payment of a collection bill - may be the Collecting Bank or its nominated branch or local correspondent, which is better placed to contact the importer.Principal a. n. 主要的，本金的，委托人，本金The exporter in collection transactions, being the initiator of the transaction, whoseinstructions are followed at all stages (may be used to refer to any customer who initiates a transaction e.g. the opener of a DC).Promissory Note 本票A signed statement containing a written promise to pay a stated sum to specifiedperson at a specified date or on demand.Protest n. 拒绝承兑，拒付证书The formal representation of a dishonoured bill of exchange: the bill is presented by a notary public to the drawee - if refused again, it is noted?- see noting. The notary public then issues a formal protest, an official certificate that the bill has been refused: the drawer can use this certificate to sue the drawee in court.R返回Recourse n. 追索权，要求偿还权The right to claim a refund from another party which has handled a bill at an earlier stage.Red Clause Credit 红条款信用证A credit with a clause which authorises the advising bank to make an advancepayment to the beneficiary - see special DCs.Reimbursing Bank 偿付银行，清算银行The bank nominated by the DC issuing bank that will pay the value of the DC to the negotiating/paying bank.Remitting Bank 汇款银行，委托代收银行，（信用证）寄单银行The exporter's bank in collection transactions, which remits the bill to the collecting bank.The exporter's bank in DC transactions, which dispatches the documents to the issuing bank.Retirement n. 赎票The act of paying or settling an outstanding bill or import loan; i.e. payment by theimporter to the Bank.Revocable Credit 可撤销信用证One that may be amended or cancelled without notice to the beneficiary.Revolving Credit 循环信用证A credit automatically reinstated after each drawing or upon receipt ofauthorisation from DC issuing bank, with limits as to the duration of the facility and as to the (cumulative or non-cumulative) amount involved for each drawing - see Special DCs.S返回Schedule （附属）明细表The Remitting/Negotiating Bank's letter covering a bill sent to the Collecting/Issuing Bank, which lists the documents attached and gives collection and/or payment instructions.Self-Liquidating 自动清偿A transaction is said to be self-liquidating when there is a known source of fundsavailable for its settlement on due date.Shipment Date 装船日期The date inserted on the bills of lading evidencing goods received on board is regarded for documentary credit purposes as being the date of shipment.Shipper n. 货主，装货人，托运人，发货人，出口商See consignorShipping Guarantee (SG) 货物保赔书Guarantees of this nature are required to enable customers to obtain goods before the arrival of the documents of title, and are issued to the shipping companies by the Bank against an undertaking to forward the bills of lading when they are received. The Bank normally take 100% cash margin against the value of the goods if the customer does not have T/R facility.Shipping Terms 运输条款See IncotermsSight n. 即期A bill payable at sight is payable on presentation to the drawee i.e. on demand.Snags n.意外的障碍Irregular bills; import and export.Standby Credit 备用信用证This may be established as security for facilities granted at another branch or bank, usually to a subsidiary of the DC applicant. - see Special DCs.Status Report 资信证明Produced by a bank's TCI department or a credit information bureau, giving details of the credit worthiness and business background of traders and manufacturers.Substitution n. 代替，取代，替代The act whereby the prime beneficiary substitutes his own documents i.e. invoices and drafts, in back-to-back and transferable credit operations prior to negotiation of the master credits.T返回Tenor n. 汇票期限Term or Period of credit granted by the drawer. See Usance Bill.Tracer n. 短卸货物查询单See Chaser.Trade and Credit Information (TCI) 贸易信贷情况A bank department that prepares and distributes status reports on its owncustomers, and maintains records of traders and manufacturers with whom its customers deal.Transferable Credit 可转让信用证Permits the beneficiary to transfer all or some of the rights and obligations under the credit to a second beneficiary or beneficiaries - see Special DCs.Transferee n. 受让人，第二受益人A party (2nd beneficiary) to whom a transferable credit is transferred in whole or inpart.Transferor n. 转让人，出让人A party (1st beneficiary) at whose request a transferable credit is transferred to asecond beneficiary in whole or in part.U返回Uniform Customs and Practice for DCs 跟单信用证统一惯例See ICC 500Uniform Rules for Collections 托收统一规则See ICC 522Usance Bill 远期汇票A Bill of Exchange which allows the drawee a term or period of credit (this periodis also called usance).The term is usually stated in days (e.g. 30 days) or months and starts either from the date of the bill (e.g. 30 days date) or from the date of bill of lading, or from sight by the drawee (e.g. 30 days sight) which in practice means from the date of acceptance.An essential feature of acceptance credits and D/A collections.W返回Waive v. 放弃，免除，不坚持（权利，要求）To relinquish a right: used in collections with BC charges and/or interest to be collected from the drawee: these can be waived in certain circumstances as set out in ICC 522.银行基本业务口语What kind of account did you have in your mind?你想开哪种帐户?Do you like to open a current account?你想开一个活期存款帐户吗?A deposit or current account?定期还是活期?Please tell me how you would like to deposit your money.请告诉我你想存何种户头?There's a service charge for the checking account but no charge for the savings.支票户头要收服务费，现金户头不收。

国际结算词汇1. International settlement 国际结算2. money transfer 资金转移3. settle accounts 结清帐款4. debts 欠债5. claims 债权6. international trade 国际贸易7. tangible goods 有形商品8. intangible service transactions 无形服务贸易9. international lending and investment 国际借贷和投资10. international aids and grants 国际援助11. cross-border personal remittance 跨国个人汇款12. international commercial settlement 国际贸易结算13. international non-commercial settlement 国际非贸易结算14. payment methods 支付方式15. sales amount 销售金额16. currency 货币17. make payments 进行支付18. collect payments 收取货款19. cash payments 现金支付20. sales contract 销售合同21. financial instrument 金融单据22. commercial document 商业单据23. Instrument Act 票据法24. bills of exchange 汇票25. cheque/check 支票26. promissory note 本票27. commercial invoice 商业发票28. packing list 装箱单29. bill of lading 提单30. insurance policy 保险单31. inspection certificate 检验证书32. certificate of origin 原产地证书33. collection 托收34. international factoring 国际保理35. letter of credit 信用证36. letter of guarantee 保函37. international convertible currency 国际可兑货币38. medium of exchange 交换的媒介39. intermediary 中间人40. title 物权41. constructive delivery 象征性交货42. actual delivery 实际交货43. trade terms / incoterms 贸易术语44. FAS 船边交货价45. FOB 离岸价46. CFR 成本加运费价47. CIF 到岸价/成本、保险加运费价48. quoted price 报价49. port of loading 装运港50. port of destination 目的港51. certificate of deposit 银行存单52. treasury bills 国库券53. bearer securities 不记名债券54. draw (a bill ) by sb. 由某人出票55. draw (a bill ) on sb. 以某人为付款人56. (a bill ) payable to sb. 付款给57. drawer 出票人58. drawee 受票人59. payee 收款人60. bearer 持票人61. to debit 借记62. to credit 贷记63. drawn under 在…….开立64. drawn clause 出票条款65. tenor 期限66. on demand 即期67. a fixed or determinable future time 在固定的或可以确定的未来某一日68. due date / maturity date 到期日69. demand /sight bill 即期汇票70. since / time / term bill 远期汇票71. to accept (a bill) 承兑72. a valid bill 有效汇票73. an invalid bill 无效汇票74. interest 利息75. the amount in words 大写金额76. the amount in figures 小写金额77. negotiation 流通转让；议付78. restrictive order 限制性抬头79. demonstrative / indicative order 指示性抬头80. bearer order 持票来人抬头81. endorsement 背书82. delivery of a bill 汇票的交付83. in alternative 有选择性的84. in sequence 按先后顺序85. value received 对价付讫86. a set of bill 一套汇票87. acceptor 承兑人88. to honor a bill 兑付汇票89. to dishonor a bill 退票90. endorser 背书任91. endorsee 被背书人92. holder 持票人93. prior party 前手94. subsequent party 后手95. right of recourse 追索权96. to issue a bill 出票97. special endorsement 特别背书98. blank endorsement 空白背书99. to sign 签名100. the authorized signature 有权签名101. presentment 提示102. general acceptance 普通承兑103. qualified acceptance 限制性承兑104. payment in due course 正当（按期）付款105. discharge 注销/清偿债务106. notice of dishonor 拒付通知107. protest 拒绝证书108. notary party 公证人109. domestic / inland bill 国内汇票110. foreign bill 国际汇票111. banker’s / bank draft 银行汇票112. banker’s acceptance bill 银行承兑汇票113. commercial / trader’s bill 商业汇票114. trader’s acceptance bill 商业承兑汇票115. clean bill 光票116. documentary bill 跟单汇票117. finance 融资118. discounting 贴现119. discount house 贴现行120. net proceeds 净款121. balance 余额122. discount interest 贴现息123. face value 面值124. discounting days 贴现天数125. discounting rate 贴现率126. forfeiting 弗费廷/票据包买127. correspondent banking relationship 代理行关系128. correspondent bank 代理行129. representative office 代表处130. subsidiary 子银行131. affiliate 附属行132. branch 分行133. accept deposits 接受存款134. issue loans 发放贷款135. a separately incorporated bank 一家独立注册的银行136. conduct banking business 叙作银行业务137. agency 代理138. control documents 控制文件139. test key 密押140. schedule of terms and conditions 费率表141. mail message 信函信息142. telegraphic message 电子信息143. authenticate 验证144. sign a cooperate agreement 签定合作协议145. maintain / open current accounts 开立活期帐户146. deposit accounts 存款帐户147. initial deposit 开户存款额148. minimum credit balance 最底贷方余额149. statement of balance 对帐单150. your account /V ostro Account/你方帐户/来帐151. our account / Nostro Account 我方帐户/往账152. principal 委托人153. beneficiary 受益人154. trader’s credit 商业信用155. banker’s credit 银行信用156. remittance 顺汇；汇款157. reverse remittance 逆汇158. remitter 汇款人159. the remitting bank 汇出行160. the paying bank 解付行161. remittance by airmail (M/T) 信汇162. remittance by telegraphic transfer (T/T) 电汇163. remittance by banker’s demand draft (D/D) 票汇164. clean collection 光票托收165. documentary collection 跟单托收166. documents release conditions 交单条件167. documents against payment at sight (D/P sight) 即期付款交单168. documents against payment after sight (D/P after sight) 远期付款交单169. D/P after sight against trust receipt (D/P, T/R) 凭信托收据远期付款交单170. Documents against acceptance (D/A) 承兑交单171. collection order 托收指示172. application form for collection 托收申请书173. L/C applicant 信用证申请人174. undertaking 承诺，保证175. L/C issuing bank 信用证开证行176. the advising bank 通知行177. the confirming bank 保兑行178. the negotiating bank 议付行179. the paying bank 付款行180. the accepting bank 承兑行181. the reimbursing bank 偿付行182. the nominated bank 指定银行183. credit number 信用证号码184. date of expiry 到期日185. place of expiry 到期地点186. the validity of a credit 信用证有效期187. partial shipment 分批装运188. transshipment 转船装运189. clean credit 光票信用证190. documentary credit 跟单信用证191. irrevocable credit 不可撤消信用证192. revocable credit 可撤消信用证193. confirmed credit 保兑信用证194. unconfirmed credit 不保兑信用证195. sight payment credit 即期付款信用证196. deferred payment credit 延期付款信用证197. acceptance credit 承兑信用证198. negotiation credit 议付/出口押汇信用证199. sight /demand credit 即期信用证200. usance credit 假远期信用证201. marine insurance 海上保险202. contract of indemnity 赔付契约203. the insurer 保险人204. the insured 投保人205. premium 保费206. the amount insured 保险金额207. risks to be covered 承保险别208. maritime losses 海上损失209. total loss 全部损失210. actual total loss 实际全损211. constructive total loss 推定全损212. total loss of a proportional part 部分全损213. partial loss / average 部分损失214. general average (G.A.) 共同海损215. particular average (P.A) 单独海损216. external losses 外来险217. general risks 一般险218. TPND 偷窃、提货不着险219. risk of leakage 渗漏险220. risk of clash and breakage 碰撞破碎险221. risk of hook damage 钩损险222. FWRD 淡水雨淋险223. risk of shortage 短量险224. risk of intermixture and contamination 混杂污染险225. risk of taint of odor 串味险226. risk of sweat and heating 受潮受热险227. risk of rust 锈损险228. risk of breakage of packing 包装破损险229. special risks 特别险230. failure to deliver 提货不着险231. import duty 进口税232. on deck 仓面险233. rejection 拒收险234. aflatoxin 黄曲酶素险235. FREC存仓火险责任扩展条约236. war risk 战争险237. risk of import duty 进口税险238. SRCC 罢工、暴动、内乱险239. coverage 险别240. basic marine insurance coverage 基本海上运输险241. FPA (free from particular average) 单独海损不赔/平安险242. W A/WPA (with average / with particular average) 单独海损要赔/ 水渍险243. All risks 一切险244. additional risks 附加险245. insurance clause 保险条款246. London Institute Cargo Clause 伦敦协会条款247. underwriter 保险商248. claim payable at 索赔地点249. International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会Promissory Note本票Check or Check支票Remittance汇付Mail Transfer，M/T信汇Telegraphic Transfer，T/T电汇Demand Draft，D/D票汇Payment in Advance预付货款Payment after Arrival of Goods 货到付款Collection托收Principal委托人Remitting Bank托收银行Collecting Bank代收银行Presenting Bank提示行Documents against Payment，D/P付款交单Documents against Payment at sight，D/P sight即期付款交单Documents against Payment after sight，D/P after sight 远期付款交单Documents against Acceptance，D/A承兑交单。

•open account 赊销贸易cash settlement 现金结算•Convertible Currency 可兑换货币•EXW 工厂交货条件FOB 装运港船上交货条件•CFR 成本加运费条件CIF 成本加运保费交货条件•ＳＷＩＦＴ环球银行间金融电讯协会•ＣＨＩPＳ纽约清算所交换银行相互收付系统•ＣＨＡＰＳ伦敦交换银行自动收付系统•ＦＥＤＷＩRＥ联邦储备清算系统•correspondent 代理行Nostro 往账V ostro 来账•Sight bill /Demand bill 即期汇票•Time bill ／Tenor bill 远期汇票•Endorsement 背书Acceptance Partial 接受部分•Acceptance Presentation Protest 拒绝验收Dishonor拒付•Discount 贴现Without recourse 无追索权•promissory note 本票Traveler‘s Check 旅行支票.•Open check 普通支票•Crossed check•Certified check 保付支票•Remittance 顺票Reverse remittance 逆汇•T/T 电汇(telegraphic transfer) M/T 信汇(mail transfer) D/D 票汇(demand draft)•draft on center 中心汇票•D/P 付款交单D/A承兑交单URC T/R•Clean collection 光票托收•Documentary collection 跟单托收•Documentary credit 跟单信用证Confirm 保兑•Sight Payment Credit 即期付款信用证•Deferred Payment Credit 延期付款信用证•Acceptance Credit 承兑信用证•Negotiation Credit 议付信用证•Freely Negotiable L/C 自由议付信用证•Restricted Negotiable L/C 限制议付信用证•Transferable L/C 可转让信用证•Back-to-back L/C 背对背信用证•Revolving L/C 循环信用证•Reciprocal L/C 互惠信用证•Anticipatory L/C 预支信用证•Standby L/C 备用信用证•Ocean Bill of Lading 提单•Clean/Dirty B/L 清洁的/不清洁的运输单据•Non—negotiable ocean waybill 非转让海洋货运单•Multi—modal transport document 多式运输•Commercial Invoice 商业发票•Consular invoice 领事发票•Customs invoice 海关发票•Insurance policy 保险单•Insurance certificate 保险凭证•Cover note 暂保单•Combined certificate 联合凭证•Particular Average 单独海损•General average 共同海损• F.P.A. (free of particular average) 单独海损不赔•W.A. (with average) (保险)担保单独海损• A. R.•Certificate of Origin 原产地证书Packing list 装箱单•Counter-guarantor 反担保人•Tender Guarantee 投标保函Performance Guarantee 履约保函•Advance Payment Guarantee 预约金保函•Payment Guarantee 付款保函•Retention Money Guarantee 保留金保函•Factoring 保理Financed factoring 折扣保理•Maturity factoring 到期保理•Forfeiting 福费廷名词解释• 1.国际结算：是指为清偿国际间的债权债务关系而发生在不同国家之间的货币收付活动•• 2.贸易结算：由国际间商品交换而产生的货币收付或债权债务的结算•• 3.代理行：指接受其他国家或地区的银行委托，代办国际结算业务或提供其他服务,并建立相互代理业务关系的银行。

承兑交单：当代收行向进口方提示跟单汇票时，只要进口方对汇票承兑确认到期付款的责任，即能拿到代表物权的货运单据。

信用证，是银行作出的有条件的付款承诺。

它是开证银行根据申请人的要求和指示作出的在满足信用证要求和提交信用证规定的单据的条件下，向第三者开立的承诺在一定期限内支付一定金额的书面文件。

银行保函或银行保证书，是指商业银行根据申请人的要求向受益人开出的担保申请人正常履行合同义务的书面证明。

它是银行有条件承担一定经济责任的契约文件，当申请人未能履行其所承诺的义务时，银行负有向受益人赔偿经济损失的责任。

国际保理：全称是国际保付代理业务，简称保理（Factoring）或出口代理，在我国大陆又称为代理融通、包销代理、承购应收账款业务，在香港为销售保管，在台湾则一般称作应收账款收买业务。

它是指保理商（Factor）从其客户（出口商）手中，购进通常以发票表示的对债务人的应收账款，并负责信用销售控制、销售分户账户管理和债权回收业务。

汇款头寸偿付指汇出行办理汇出业务时应及时将汇款金额拨交给解付汇款的汇入行的行为，俗称拨头寸。

汇款偿付必须通过代理行之间的资金来往而实现，是通过账户的划拨来完成的，成为银行划拨。

领事发票：按照某些国家的规定，货物从国外进口，需提供领事发票作为核对税款的根据，以防止买方进口时低报货价逃避进口关税，并审查该进口商品有无倾销的情况。

这种发票由进口国驻出口国的领事馆签发，具有固定的格式。

反担保行：反担保行是指接受申请的为推向担保行出具不可撤销反担保，并承诺在申请人违约且无法付款时，负责赔偿担保行全部支付的银行。

反担保行是与申请人有经济往来的银行，负有向担保行赔偿的责任，同时也有权向申请人索偿。

追索权：汇票遭拒付时，持票人要求其前手背书人或出票人或其他票据债务人偿还汇票金额及费用的行为。

持票人所拥有的这种权利就是追索权。

《国际结算》关键术语第一章国际结算导论国际贸易结算: 以票据为基础,单据为条件,银行为中枢,结算与融资相结合的非现金结算体系。

现金结算:指在贸易中,双方直接用现金进行收付的行为。

非现金结算:指在贸易中,双方使用非现金的形式如通过银行进行结算等其她方式。

现汇结算:指贸易双方选择可自由兑换货币即国际货币进行结算的方式,可以就是现金及票据或银行信用。

记账结算:也称协定贸易结算,指国家之间所签贸易协定下的商品进出口贸易结算,只用于支付对方国债务,通过银行办理记账结算,不能自由运用。

货币可兑换性:指一国货币的自由兑换程度,只要不受限制可以自由兑换其她货币则为可兑换货币,反之,则不可兑换。

国际商会:(ICC)国际民间组织,致力于协调国际贸易纠纷,并制定国际统一规则与惯例,虽非强制性公约,但被各国普遍接受。

贸易术语:(Trade Terms)就是规定价格的构成及买卖双方各自的责任、费用、风险以及确定货物所有权转移时限的专门用语。

推定交货:即货物单据化,以货物单据代表货物所有权,从而只处理货运单据而不管货物。

大额资金转账系统:即大额支付系统,就是国际贸易中一国资金支付清算体系的主干线,其运行将对金融市场及金融体系效率产生重大影响。

小额定时结算:即满足社会经济中资金流动额度较小而业务量大的支付系统,一般由极强的支付能力如各国银行系统、私营清算机构经营。

FEDWIRE:联邦资金转账系统,属于美联储,即美元清算体系一员,就是一个实时的、全额的、贷记的资金转账系统,包括电子薄记式政府证劵转账系统。

CHIPS:清算所同业支付系统,由纽约清算协会拥有的私营支付系统,与前者类似,就是一个贷记转账、作为替代纸票据清算的电子系统。

CHAPS:交换银行自动收付系统,一种以英镑为主的清算体系。

TARGET:欧洲间实时全额自动清算系统,即就是一个跨国大额支付系统。

负责欧元国家间大额欧元交易的清算。

SWIFT:环球银行金融电讯协会,影响力最大的组织,其本身不包括结算与清算,只就是通信网络,各国会员银行可通过此电讯系统联机,如此业务即可自动处理。