土木工程专业外语词汇大全中英翻译
1. 综合类
大地工程geotechnical engineering
反分析法back analysis method
基础工程foundation engineering
临界状态土力学critical state soil mechanics
数值岩土力学numerical geomechanics
土soil, earth
土动力学soil dynamics
土力学soil mechanics
岩土工程geotechnical engineering
应力路径stress path
应力路径法stress path method
2. 工程地质及勘察
变质岩metamorphic rock
标准冻深standard frost penetration
冰川沉积glacial deposit
冰积层（台）glacial deposit
残积土eluvial soil, residual soil
层理beding
长石feldspar
沉积岩sedimentary rock
承压水confined water
次生矿物secondary mineral
地质年代geological age
地质图geological map
地下水groundwater
断层fault
断裂构造fracture structure
工程地质勘察engineering geological exploration
海积层（台）marine deposit
海相沉积marine deposit
花岗岩granite
滑坡landslide
化石fossil
化学沉积岩chemical sedimentary rock
阶地terrace
节理joint
解理cleavage
喀斯特karst
矿物硬度hardness of minerals
砾岩conglomerate
流滑flow slide
陆相沉积continental sedimentation
泥石流mud flow, debris flow
年粘土矿物clay minerals
凝灰岩tuff
牛轭湖ox-bow lake
浅成岩hypabyssal rock
潜水ground water
侵入岩intrusive rock
取土器geotome
砂岩sandstone
砂嘴spit, sand spit
山岩压力rock pressure
深成岩plutionic rock
石灰岩limestone
石英quartz
松散堆积物rickle
围限地下水（台）confined ground water 泻湖lagoon
岩爆rock burst
岩层产状attitude of rock
岩浆岩magmatic rock, igneous rock
岩脉dike, dgke
岩石风化程度degree of rock weathering 岩石构造structure of rock
岩石结构texture of rock
岩体rock mass
页岩shale
原生矿物primary mineral
云母mica
造岩矿物rock-forming mineral
褶皱fold, folding
钻孔柱状图bore hole columnar section
3. 土的分类
饱和土saturated soil
超固结土overconsolidated soil
冲填土dredger fill
充重塑土
冻土frozen soil, tjaele
非饱和土unsaturated soil
分散性土dispersive soil
粉土silt, mo
粉质粘土silty clay
高岭石kaolinite
过压密土（台）overconsolidated soil
红粘土red clay, adamic earth
黄土loess, huangtu(China)
蒙脱石montmorillonite
泥炭peat, bog muck
年粘土clay
年粘性土cohesive soil, clayey soil
膨胀土expansive soil, swelling soil
欠固结粘土underconsolidated soil
区域性土zonal soil
人工填土fill, artificial soil
软粘土soft clay, mildclay, mickle
砂土sand
湿陷性黄土collapsible loess, slumping loess
素填土plain fill
塑性图plasticity chart
碎石土stone, break stone, broken stone, channery, chat, crushed sto ne, deritus
未压密土（台）underconsolidated clay
无粘性土cohesionless soil, frictional soil, non-cohesive soil
岩石rock
伊利土illite
有机质土organic soil
淤泥muck, gyttja, mire, slush
淤泥质土mucky soil
原状土undisturbed soil
杂填土miscellaneous fill
正常固结土normally consolidated soil
正常压密土（台）normally consolidated soil
自重湿陷性黄土self weight collapse loess
4. 土的物理性质
阿太堡界限Atterberg limits
饱和度degree of saturation
饱和密度saturated density
饱和重度saturated unit weight
比重specific gravity
稠度consistency
不均匀系数coefficient of uniformity, uniformity coefficient
触变thixotropy
单粒结构single-grained structure
蜂窝结构honeycomb structure
