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人教版英语八年级下册重点语法复习与练习

人教版英语八年级下册重点语法复习与练习
人教版英语八年级下册重点语法复习与练习

一、重点语法

(一)一般将来时

表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表将来的时间连用。

本时态标志词:

1.含tomorrow; next week/month/year; in the future; in 2020;

2.in+ 一段时间;

3.how soon;

4.祈使句句型中:or/and sb. will do

5.在时间/条件状语从句中, 如果从句用一般现在时, 主句用将来时

表示将来时的常见句式:

1.用be doing表示将来:主要是表示按计划,安排即将发生的动作,常用于位置移动的动词;如come ,go, leave, arrive, fly, move, start, 等,也可以用其他动词。

I'm doing my homework tomorrow.

2.be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情。

如:He is going to write a letter tonight.

3.be going to 表示已有迹象表明即将发生的某种情况。

Look at the clouds. It's going to rain.

4.在有条件从句的主句中,多用will, 如:

例Be quick, or you will be late. = If you don’t be quick, you will be late.

练习

( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.

A. will be going to

B. will going to be

C. is going to be

D. will go to be ( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month.

A. isn’t working

B. doesn’t working

C. isn’t going to working

D. won’t work

( ) 3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.

A. will be; is

B. is; is

C. will be; will be

D. is; will be

( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.

A. was

B. is going to have

C. will have

D. is going to be

( ) 5. –_____ you ______ free tomorrow? –No. I _____ free the day after tomorrow.

A. Are; going to; will

B. Are; going to be; will

C. Are; going to; will be

D. Are; going to be; will be

( ) 6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.

A. will gives

B. will give

C. gives

D. give

( ) 7. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? –________. (不,不要。)

A. No, you won’t.

B. No, you aren’t.

C. No, please don’t.

D. No, please.

( ) 8. – Where is the morning paper? – I ________ it for you at once.

A. get

B. am getting

C. to get

D. will get

( ) 9. ________ a concert next Saturday?

A. There will be

B. Will there be

C. There can be

D. There are ( ) 10. If they come, we ________ a meeting.

A. have

B. will have

C. had

D. would have

(二)过去进行时

结构:

句型主语+ was/were +V-ing…

否定句主语+ was/were+not +V-ing…

一般疑问句was/were+主语+V-ing…

过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作,常和表过去的时间状语连用。

标志性词语:

1.at that time/moment

2.(at) this time yesterday(last night/sunday...)

3.at +点钟+Yesterday(last night/ Sunday...)

4.when , while 引导的时间状语从句

例:She was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday evening.

昨天傍晚八点半她正在做家庭作业。

When I got up this morning, Mother was preparing breakfast in the kitchen.

今天早上我起床时妈妈正在厨房里准备早餐。

练习

1.My brother ___ while he ___ his bicycle and hurt himself.

A. fell, was riding

B. fell, were riding

C. had fallen, rode

D. had fallen, was riding

2. Tom ___ into the house when no one ___.

A. slipped, was looking

B. had slipped, looked

C. slipped, had looked

D. was slipping, looked

3.The last time I __ Jane she ___ cotton in the fields.

A. had seen, was picking

B. saw, picked

C. had seen, picked

D. saw, was picking

4.I don ' t think Jim saw me; he ___ into space.

A. just stared

B. was just staring

C. has just stared

D. had just stared

5.I first met Lisa three years ago. She ___ at a radio shop at the time.

A. has worked

B. was working

C. had been working

D. had worked

6.---Hey, look where you are going!

---Oh, I ' m terribly sorry.________.

A. I ' m not noticing

B. I wasn ' t noticing

C. I haven ' t noticed

D. I don ' t notice

7. The reporter said that the UFO ___ east to west when he saw it.

A. was traveling

B. traveled

C. had been traveling

D. was to travel

8. I ___ my breakfast when the morning post came.

A. had

B. had been having

C. have been having

D. was having

9.When I arrived at his office, he ___ on the phone.

A. was speaking

B. spoke

C. had been speaking

D. had spoken

10. “ What ' s the matter, Ali? You look sad. ”

“ Oh, nothing much. As a matter of fact, I ___ of my friends back home. ”

A. just thought

B. have just been thinking

C. was just thinking

D. have just thought

(三)If 的用法

if 引导的条件状语从句。If是连词,所连接的句子叫条件状语从句,表示假设或条件,意思是“ 如果……的话”,用法如下:

表示假设,表示将会发生和可能发生的事,或进行提醒警告。

句子结构如下:

If +句子(一般现在时),+主句(主语will/shall/may/can) +动词原形)(不能用be going to)

a. If you finish your homework, you can go out and play.

b. If I have enough money next year, I will go to travel.

注意:宾语从句中的if与条件状语从句中的区别。宾语从句中的if “是否”相当于whether,引导宾语从句,时态根据句意来确定。

I don't know if (是否)it will rain tomorrow.

If(如果)it rains, I will stay at home.

我不知道明天是否会下雨。如果下雨,我将呆在家里在。

(四)现在完成进行时

表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在,有可能一直延续下去的动作。常与for, since,how long,these days等表示一段时间的状语连用。

现在完成进行式结构:

肯定句:主语+have / has +been+ doing/

否定句:主语+have / has +not+been+ doing

一般疑问句:Have / Has +主语+been+ doing/

1.I have been writing the letter since then.

从那时起我一直在写这封信。(动作从过去一直持续到现在还在继续)

2.I have been collecting stamps for ten years.

自从10年前我就收集邮票了(动作从过去一直现在还在收集)。

3.How long have you been living here?

你在这儿已经住了多长时间了。(“居住”动作从过去一直现在还在继续)

现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别:

1现在完成进行时比现在完成时更强调动作的延续性:

2如果没有时间强调,现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行,现在完成时则表示动作已经结束,

3现在完成进行时一般不适用于表状态的动词,而现在完成时则可

练习

1. —I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. — I think so. He ________

for it for months.

A. is preparing

B. was preparing

C. had been preparing

D. has been preparing

2. By the time he realizes he _________ into a trap, it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it.

A. walks

B. walked

C. has walked

D. had walked

3. So far this year we _____a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.

A. saw

B. see

C. had seen

D. have seen

4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year.

A. studies

B. studied

C. is studying

D. has been studying

5. Danny _______ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.

A. works

B. is working

C. has worked

D. had worked

6. —I have got a headache.—No wonder. You_________ in front of that computer too

long.

A. work

B. are working

C. have been working

D. worked

7. The unemployment rate in this district_______ from 6% to 5% in the past two

years.

A. has fallen

B. had fallen

C. is falling

D. was falling

8. Now that she is out of job, Lucy ___ going back to school,but she hasn’t decided

yet.

A. had considered

B. has been considering

C. considered

D. is going to consider

9. —______ you ______ him around the museum yet?

—Yes. We had a great time there.

A. Have ; shown

B. Do ; show

C. Had; shown

D. Did; show

10. —Hi, Tracy,you look pale.

—I am tired. I _______ the living room all day.

A. painted

B. had painted

C. have been painting

D. have painted

(五)反义疑问句

反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句,是指当提问的人对前面所叙述的事实不敢肯定,而需要向对方加以证实时所提出的问句。其结构为:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简单的问句。完成后一部分简单问句时,要根据前面陈述句的动词时态和人称来选择适当的助动词进行提问,前后两部分的人称和动词时态要保持一致。如果前一部分用肯定式,后一部分一般用否定式;反之,前一部分为否定式,后一部分要用肯定式,即“前肯定后否定,前否定后肯定”。

例You have been to Beijing, haven’t you? 你去过北京,是吗?

1、当陈述句部分的主语是名词时,反意疑问句的主语必须用人称代词来代替。例Your brother has gone to the library, hasn’t he? 你弟弟去图书馆了,是吗?

2、当陈述句的主语是指示代词this, that时,反意疑问句的主语用it代替;指示

代词是these, those时,反意疑问句的主语用they代替。

例That isn’t a useful book, is it? 那不是一本有用的书,是吗?

These are import ant reading materials, aren’t they?

这些都是重要的阅读材料,是吗?

3、当陈述句部分是I am…时,反意疑问句部分通常要用aren’t I;如陈述句部

分的主语是I am not时,反意疑问句部分通常要用am I。

I’m late for the meeting, aren’t I? 我开会迟到了,是吗?

4、当陈述部分是everyone / everybody, someone / somebody, no one / nobody, none

等表示人的不定代词时,反意疑问句部分的主语多用they,但也可用he;当陈述部分的主语是everything, anything, something, nothing等表示物的不定代词时,反意疑问句部分的主语用it。

例Nobody came when I was out, did they? 我在外时,没人来过,是吗?

Everything has gone wrong today, hasn’t it? 今天什么都出问题了,是不是?

5、当陈述部分是“there be + 主语+ 其它”结构时,反意疑问部分要用“be (not) +

there”结构。

例There are some bananas in the basket, aren’t there? 篮子里有些香蕉,是吗?6.当陈述部分有hardly, seldom, few, little, no, never, nothing, nobody, nowhere等否

定词或半否定词时,反意疑问句部分要用肯定形式。

There is little milk in the bottle,is there?

He hardly ever plays computer games, does he?

注:如果陈述句部分是带有否定前缀或后缀时,反意疑问句部分仍用否定结构。例It’s impossible for him to make such a mistake, isn’t it?

他不可能犯这样的错误,是吗?

7.感叹句的反意疑问句一律使用否定式,并用be的一般现在时形式。

例What a foolish child (he is), isn’t he? 多傻的孩子啊,不是吗?

8. 在宾语从句中,如果陈述句部分是“I /we think (believe, suppose, imagine, expect

等) + 宾语从句”,反意疑问句部分应与宾语从句的主谓保持一致,并要注意否定转移。

例I don’t think you have heard of him before, have you?

我认为你以前没有听说过他,是吗?

注:当think等这些动词的主语不是第一人称,或主语是第一人称,而动词时态不是一般现在时或一般过去时,这时,反意疑问句的助动词和人称代词要与主句保持一致。

He thinks HongKong is a good place to take a holiday, doesn't he ?

9. 祈使句构成反意疑问句时,除Let’s用shall we构成反意疑问句外,其它均用

will you。

10.反意疑问句的回答

对反意疑问句的回答,无论问题的提法如何,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no。要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构,反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时,回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes 要译成“不”,no要译成“是”。

例---He likes playing football, doesn’t he? 他喜欢踢足球,是吗?

---Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. 是的。/ 不是。

---His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议,是吗?

---Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. 不,她参加了。/ 是的,她没参加。

练习

1. You’d rather watch TV this evening, ______?

A. isn’t it

B. hadn’t you

C. wouldn’t you

D. won’t you

2. I suppose you’re not going today, ______?

A. are you

B. do you

C. don’t you

D. aren’t you

3. I wish to shake hands with you, ______?

A. shall I

B. may I

C. do I

D. will I

4. Three hours ought to be enough time, ______?

A. oughtn’t three hours

B. didn’t they

C. shouldn’t it

D. shouldn’t three hours

5. They have to study a lot, ______?

A. don’t they

B. haven’t they

C. did they

D. hadn’t they

6. When the car crashed, your brother escaped being hurt, ______ ?

A. didn’t he

B. did he

C. did it

D. didn’t it

7. I'm sure dirty, ______?

A. am I

B. isn’t I

C. aren’t I

D. am not I

8. You seem to be dissatisfied with your present post. I don’t think you judged your

ability objectively when you applied for it, ______ you?

A. do

B. did

C. don’t

D. didn’t

9. That’s the sort of the book you want, ______?

A. is it

B. isn’t that

C. is that

D. isn’t it

10. All these dictionaries are a great help to you, ______?

A. are they

B. aren’t they

C. are all these dictionaries

D. aren’t all these dictionaries

八年级下册英语语法大全

Unit6 Fun Cycling Topic1 We’re going on a spring field trip 一. 重点词汇 ( 一) 词形转换: 1.discuss(名词) discussion 2.queen(对应词) king https://www.doczj.com/doc/459411565.html,fortable(名词) comfort 4.safely (形容词) s afe (名词) safety ( 二) 词的辨析 1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spend on 3. other /else 4. raise /rise 5.each /every 6.exciting / excited (三)重点词组: 1.go on a visit to 去……旅行 2. make the decision 做决定 3.bring back 带回 4.go on a field trip 去野外旅行 5.decide on (upon) Sth 对某事做出决定 6 see the sunrise 看日出 7. make a reservation 预订 8. come up with 想出(主意)

9. look forward to (doing) sth 期望 10. pay for 支付;赔偿 11. raise money 筹钱 12. book a ticket 订票 13. make a room for sb 为……订房间 14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快 15. in the daytime 在白天 16. a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 17.find out 查出 18. some places of interest 名胜 19. rooms with bathtub 带浴室的房间 20.a hard (soft) sleeper 硬(软)卧 21.my pleasure 不客气 二.重点句型及重点语言点 1. I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。 to tell you 是动词不定式短语,作定语。动词不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。如:I have nothing to talk about. He has a lot of work to do. 2. Sounds great!= It sounds great! 听起来不错。

初二英语语法学习归纳

初二英语语法大全 一. 知识点: 一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。 be going to do (动词原形)结构:表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如:It is going to rain. will do 结构表示将来的用法: 1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain? You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow? 基本构成如下: 一般疑问句构成: (1)will+主语+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday? (2)there be 结构的一般疑问句:Will there + be …? Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won?t 否定句构成:will + not (won’t)+do Sarah won?t come to visit me next Sunday. 特殊疑问句构成: 特殊疑问词+will+主语+…?What will Sarah do next Sunday? 根据例句,用will改写下列各句 例:I don’t feel well today. (be better tomorrow) I?ll be better tomorrow. 1. Gina has six classes today. (have a lot of homework tonight) _____________________________ 2. I’m tired now. (sleep later) _____________________________ 3. My parents need a new car. (buy one soon) _____________________________ 4. We can’t leave right now. (leave a little later) _____________________________ 5. The weather is awful today. (be better tomorrow) _____________________________ 答案:1. She’ll have a lot of homework tonight. 2. I?ll sleep later. 3. They?ll buy one soon. 4. We?ll leave a little later. 5. Maybe it?ll be better tomorrow. (二)should的用法: should用来提出建议和忠告,后边加动词原形,否定句直接在should后边加not. 例如:I think you should eat less junk food. 我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。 She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot.

八年级下册英语语法知识点

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八年级外研版--语法知识部分 时态部分 现在进行时:现在进行时的基本用法: 1.表示说话时正在进行的动作常和now 连用,有时用一个look、listen ,来表now 这一时 间概念。Look! A train is coming .看,火车来了 Listen! He is playing the piano.听,他在弹琴。 2.表示现阶段正在进行的动作但不一定是说话时正在进行。常和at present ,this week ,these days…等时间状语连用。 What lesson are you studying this week?你们本周学哪一课了?(说话时并不在学) 3.现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作.即是说可以用来代 替将来时,但此时,一般要与表示将来时的时间状语连用,而且仅限于少量动词。如:go, come, leave, start, arrive, return . sleep Are you going to Tianjin tomorrow? 你明天去天津吗? How many of you are coming to the party next week? 你们有多少人下周要来参加晚会? 一般将来时:.be going to+ 动词原形~ 对于将要发生的事,或打算、计划、决定要做的事情时,皆以be going to + 动词原形的句型来表示因此此句型有be动词,所以是否用am, is, are ,决定于主语 1.肯定句:主语+be (is, am, are) going to +动词原形I am going to play football next Sunday. 下周日我打算踢足球◇He is going to travel around the world. 他计划周游世界。 ◇They are going to meet outside the school gate. 他们打算在校门口见面。◇It is going to rain. 要下雨了。 2.否定句:主语+be (am, are, is) not going to +动词原形We are not going to have any classes next week. 下周我们不上课。◇I’m not going to be a teacher. 我不打算当老师。 ◇He isn’t going to see his brother tomorrow. 他明天不准备去看他哥哥。 3.疑问句:Be (Am, Is, Are) +主语+ going to + 动词原形 ◇Are you going to be a doctor when you grow up? 你长大了,打算当一名医生吗? Yes, I am. 是的,我打算当。No, I’m not. 不,我不打算当。 will 同be going to 的用法相同以今天为起点的所有将来时间,如: this afternoon / this evening = tonight / tomorrow/ tomorrow morning / afternoon / evening , the day after tomorrow / next week , next Wednesday / next month, next September / next year. ★“be going to + 动词原形”表示计划、打算、将来发生的动作,常和this afternoon (今天下午),this evening = tonight (今晚),tomorrow (明天),tomorrow morning (afternoon , evening ) (明早,午,晚),the day after tomorrow(后天),next Sunday (下个星期天),next week (下周),next month (下个月),next year (明年)等的时间状语连用,前不加任何介词。另外,动作性动词go ,come 和leave 等的现在进行时表示一般将来时动作。 四、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1.比较级:句子表示两者之间的比较时用比较级,其标志词是than, much, a little , even和still等。 e.g. ①Her hair is much longer than mine. 她的头发比我的长多了。②I’m a little older than you. 我比你大一点儿。2.最高级:句子表示三者或多者的比较时用最高级,其标志词是表示范围的in…或of …介词短语。在句子中,形容词最高级前必须加the。 e.g. ①The boy is the tallest in our class. 这个男孩是我们班最高的。 ②Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?

八年级英语下册语法

新目标英语八年级下复习资料 总结:第4组 ◆unit 1 Will people have robots? 知识点: 1.形容词,副词的比较等级考查热点透视: a)表示A与B在程度上相同时,“as+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。表示A不如B 时,可用“not as/so+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。 b)表示A比B在程度上“更…..”时,可用“形容词或副词的比较级+than”结构 c)表示三者或三者以上的比较,其中一个在程度上“最…..”时,常用“the+形容词或副词的最高级”结构,后面可带“of/in的短语”来说明比较的范围。(注意:副词的最高级在句中常省略“the”.) d)在形容词或副词的比较级前,可以用“a little, even, far, much,still”的等词语来修饰,以加强语气。 e)表示“越来越….”时,常用“形容词或副词的比较级+and+形容词或副词的比较级”结构,但要注意,对于多音节和部分双音节形容词,副词而言,若要表达此意时,要用“more and more+形容词或副词的原级“结构。 f)在表示“其中最….之一“的含义时,常使用“one of+the+形容词最高级形式+名词复数”结构,其中的定冠词the不可以省略。 g)如果强调“两者中比较…的(一个)”的意思时,可使用“the+形容词比较级+其它”结构。 h)表示“越….越….”, 可使用“the+形容词或副词的比较级,the+形容词或副词的比较级”结构。 2 .一般将来时 a)一般将来时的构成:由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成,shall用于第一人称。在口语中,will在名词或代词后常简略为’ll,will not常简略为won’t。这个时态的肯定,否定和疑问结构可表示如下: 用 b)一般将来时的用法:1)表示将要发生的动作或情况;2)不以人的意志为转移,肯定要发生的事情。The day after tomorrow will be National Day.后天是国庆日。 3. in/after:in是指以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”。也可以表示“在将来多少时间之内”,句子中的谓语动词要用一般将来时态;after常指以过去时间为起点的“一段时间之后”,所以它与过去时态连用。当after指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之后,或指以将来某一时间为起点的若干时间之后时,它可以与将来时态连用。 4.more, less, fewer的用法区别:more为many, much的比较级,意为“更多”,可修饰可数与不可数名词。Less是little的比较级,意为“更好,较少”,修饰不可数名词。Fewer是few 的比较级,意为“更少”,修饰可数名词复数。

新版人教版八年级下英语语法聚焦翻译(全)

P4 grammar focus 1、怎么了?我胃痛。下次你不应该吃这么多。 2、Ben怎么了?他伤到了自己。他背痛。他应该躺下休息。 3、你发烧吗?是的,我发烧。/不,我不发烧。/我不知道。 4、他牙痛吗?是的,他牙痛。他应该去看牙医,拍一张X光照片。 5、她应该怎么办?她应该量体温。 6、我应该在上面敷些药吗?是的,你应该。/ 不,你不应该。 P12 语法聚焦 1、我想帮助无家可归的人。 2、你可以请求医院让你去看望孩子们,让他们振作起来。 3、她自愿一去周去那里一次帮助孩子们学习阅读。 4、她决定尝试参加一个志愿者课外阅读项目。 5、马里奥认为,这可以帮助他得到未来梦想的工作。 6、我在制作-些标牌张贴在学校周围。 P20 语法聚焦 1、我可以和朋友们出去吃饭吗?当然可以,那应该是可以的。 3、我们可以看完电影后去买些喝的吗?不,你不能。你明天有一场篮球赛。 3、请你带着狗去散步好吗?好的,但我想先看个节目。 4、请你倒一下垃圾好吗?好的,当然可以。 P28 语法聚焦 1、你看起来很累。怎么了?昨晚我一直学习到半夜,因此睡眠不足。 2、我该怎么办?你为什么不忘掉它呢?虽然她错了,但这没什么大不了的。 3、他应该做些什么?他应该跟他的朋友谈一谈,以便他可以说他很抱歉。 4、也许你可以去他家。我想我可以,但我不想让他吃惊。 P36语法聚焦 1、昨天晚上八点你在干什么?我在洗操。 2、暴风雨来临时她在干什么?她在做作业。 3、暴风雨来临时他在干什么?暴风雨来临时,他在图书馆读书。 4、当雨开始下大时, Ben在干什么?开始卜雨时, Ben在帮妈妈做晚餐。 5、当琳达在睡觉时,Jenny在干什么?当Linda在睡觉时, Jenny在帮玛丽做作业。 P44语法聚焦 1、故事是怎样开始的?从前,有位老人…… 2、接下来发生了什么?这个人一说完,愚公就说他死后他的家人可以继续移山。

八年级上册英语语法汇总

一. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级 1. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则 (1)单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est。 ①单音节单词 small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest ②少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节单词 clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest (2)以不发音e结尾的单音节单词,比较级在原形后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st。

large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest (3)以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)单词中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。 big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest (4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est。 easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest (5)其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most。

beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily (6)有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。 good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→furthest/farthest 2. 形容词和副词比较级的用法 (1)“甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级+than+乙”表示“甲比乙…”或“甲比乙…几倍”。 Tom is taller than Kate. 汤姆比凯特高。

初二英语语法知识点总结

1.want sb to do sth 想要某人干某事 2.try to do sth 尽力干某事 3. try not to do sth 尽力不干某事 4. try one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力干某事 5. try on 试穿have a try 试一试 6. although /though 引导让步状语从句,“即使,虽然”,不能与but 连用,但可与yet, still 连用。 7.finish doing sth 结束干某事 8.can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待地干某事 9.decide to do sth 决定干某事decide not to do sth 决定不干某事.decide on doing sth 决定干某事同义词组: make a decision to do sth = make up one’s mind to do sth = decide to do sth 10.plan to do sth 计划干某事11.think about doing sth 考虑干某事12.go + v-ing 的用法: 13.:It’s + adj +for /of sb to do sth 同义句:1).I t’s +adj +for sb +to do sth = To do sth + be +adj 2).It’s +adj +of sb +to do sth = Sb +be +adj + to do sth 14. 1).take the train to …=go to …by train take the bus to …= go to …by bus 2).fly to …= go to …by plane /air walk to …. = go to …on foot ride a bike to …= go to …. by bike My uncle went to New York last week . 15. 1).It +takes +sb.+时间+to do sth 2).sb. +spend +时间+on sth (in doing sth ). 16. A +be +距离+from +sb = It’s +距离+from A+ to sb. 17.leave ,leave for , leave …for …1).leave +地点“离开某地”2).leave for +地点“前往某地”=go to +某地3).leave +某地+for +某地“离开某地前往某地” 18.all …not = not all “并非都”部分否定注:not 与all /both /every ….. 连用构成部分否定。19.the number of / a number of 1).a number of 许多= a lot of /many , number 前可用large /small 来修饰,a large / small number of ….. 作主语时,谓语用复数。2).the number of ….的数量, 作主语时,谓语用单数。20. 1).ill 用在系动词之后作表语。 2).sick 既可以放在系动词之后作表语也可放在名词之前作定语。21.表示客气地请求某人干某事1). Would you like to do sth ? 2).Could you please do sth ? 3).Will /Would you please do sth ? 4).Can you do sth ? 22. 1). be busy with sth .忙于某事2).be busy doing sth 忙于干某事3).be busy 的反义词组be free / have time I am busy tomorrow 23. 1).whole 一般置于冠词,物主代词或其他限定词之后,all 位于限定词之前。2).一般不修饰不可数名词,all 既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。24.however / but however “然而,可是”用于句首或句中,须用逗号隔开。而but 不用逗号隔开。25. 1).most of the +复数名词“…..中的大多数”2).most +复数名词“大多数的…….” 26. 1).beat:打败后面接打败的人或对象beat sb 2).win:赢后面接比赛的项目(race , game , match , prize …..) 3).lose:输lose to sb 输给某人lose sth 输了某物27.do you think 作为插入语1).位置:放在疑问词之后2).语序:后面的句子用陈述句语序。 28.常见的不可数名词:weather work food news advice information fun music paper water 29. 1).afford 常与情态动词can , can’t , could , couldn’t 连用2).afford 后面接名词或代词不定时。3).同义句:can’t afford to do sth = sb don’t /doesn’t have enough money to do sth . 30. 1).listen to …仔细倾听强调听的过程2).hear …听到、听见强调听的结果3).sound …. 系动词“听起来…….”后面接形容词而sound like +名词31. 1).not as…as 之间要用原级2).同义句:A + not as/so…as +B= A + 形容词的反义词的比较级+ than + B = B + 形容词的比较级+ than +A 32. finally = at last = in the end Finally he came up with an idea 33.turn on / open 的区别:1.turn on :指打开水流,煤气,电灯,电视,收音机等电器的开关。 2.open:指关着的门,窗,箱子打开。 34.into/ in 的区别: 1.into表示“到……里面去”,进入到……某空间里。属于动态介词。 2.in表示“在……里面”,在某一空间或范围之内。属于静态介词。 35. too…to…= not…enough to …= so…that…. 36.:called = named = with the name (of) ?37. 1.see sb do sth :看见某人做了某事 2.see sb doing sth .看见某人正在做某事(注):类似的动词有:hear ,watch ,notice 等。省to的不定式变被动语态时,需带上

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