高中非限制性定语从句详解共35页

Have a look ：
• China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.
2. He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn’t like.
3.His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.
15. Mencius was a great thinker _w__h_o___
believed people were more important than rulers. （难度 ★）
I like the girl who is making a pose.
修饰限制， 译为“的”
补充说明， 译成并列句
13. The building _w__h_ic_h____ stands near the river is our school . （难度 ★ ★ ）
14. Is there a shop around _w__h_e_r_e___ I can’t get a park of cigarettes? （难度 ★ ★ ）
2. She will fly to Washington, _________ she can enjoy herself. A. where B. that C. which D. /
1. Charles Smith , _w__h_o_ was my former teacher, retired last year.
Xi’an, which I visited last year, is a nice old city.

实际应用场景
在描述某个人、事物或概念时， 可以使用非限制性定语从句来补 充相关信息，使句子更加完整。
在解释某个概念或术语时，可以 使用非限制性定语从句来提供更 多背景信息，帮助读者更好地理
解。
在描述某个事件或情况时，可以 使用非限制性定语从句来提供更 多细节，使句子更加生动有趣。
04
非限制性定语从句的练习与巩固
遗漏逗号分隔
非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常用逗号分隔，如果遗漏逗号，可 能会造成句意混淆。
语序不当
非限制性定语从句的语序应与主句保持一致，否则可能导致句意不 清晰。
经典例句解析
The book, which was written by a famous author, was highly recommended.（这本书是由一位著 名作家所写，受到了高度推荐。）
内容
限制性定语从句用于限定或识别先行 词的身份或属性，不可省略；而非限 制性定语从句则是附加说明先行词， 可以省略不影响主句意义。
02
非限制性定语从句的用法
引导词的选择
关系代词
which、who、whom、whose等。
关系副词
when、where、why等。
复合关系代词
what、whatever、whoever、whomever等。
从句的功能
01
02
03
补充说明
非限制性定语从句可以用 来补充说明先行词的某些 信息，使句子更加完整。
强调先行词
非限制性定语从句可以用 来强调先行词，突出其重 要特征。
转折关系
非限制性定语从句也可以 用来表示转折关系，与主 句形成对比。
注意事项
避免冗余
非限制性定语从句中的信 息应该是必要的，避免重 复和冗余。

不用逗号
用逗号
去掉后句意不完整 去掉后，句意完整
修饰限制
只可修饰先行词
译为“…的”
作宾语时可以省略
补充说明
可修饰先行词或主句
可译为并列句
不可省略且不能用 that , why 引导
1. Apples, that are good at people’s health, which
should be eaten every day.
物
which that object（宾语）
人
物
whose attribute（定语）
关系词 关系 where 副词 when
why
指代 地点 时间 原因
充当成分 状语
非限制性定语从句 与
限制性定语从句
区别1：从句与主句的关系
I like the girl who is making a pose.
(that) you said. • I won't forget the way (that) you're kissing. • But I'm not the man (whom) your heart is
missing.
语法讲解
定语从句（the attributive clause）
在复合句中，修饰名__词___或__代_词___的是定语从句
• 在非限定性定语从句中，不能用关系副词why 和关系代词that。要用for which代替why.
Sum up:
• I like the girl, who is making a pose. • He has a son, who is an actor. • I admire the man , who wears a big smile. • The novel, which I read last night, is very

I’m seeing the manager tomorrow, when he will be back from Shanghai.
限制性&非限制性定语从句比较
限制性
非限制性
与先行词的关系
紧密, 删除后影 松散, 只是补充 响意思表达 说明
逗号
无
有
连接词
所有都可用 一定不能用that
连接词能否省略 作宾语时可省 绝不能省略
differently.
A. all of which B. each of which
C. all of them
D. each of them
4. (2014重庆) We’ll reach the sales targets in a
month ________ we set at the beginning of the
他似乎没理解我的意思，这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.
液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
Complete the following sentences.
1. They got married in September. I was then in the countryside.
2. The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
3. Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
4. This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.

1. My house, garden.
_______w__h__icIhbought
last
year,
has
a
beautiful
2.The girls, ________ the teachers speak highly of, is our monitor.
whom
.
非限制性定语从句不能_省__略___关系代词。关系代词在非限制性 定语从句中作宾语时, 指人只能用_w__h_o_m__不能用__w__h_o
2.Our head teacher is searching for the evidence w__h_ic_h__/ t_h_a_t shows the students are using phone.
3.Peter , _w__h_o__ is quiet in class, studies very hard. 4.The Great Wall is a cultural relic, _w__h_ic_h__ is worth visiting.
Summary of the differences:
•form •antecedent •relative words •Meaning
错漏“摆”出 1. People are excited to meet Zhai Zhigang, he
was the first Chinese to walk in space . who
Compare:
1. He was late, which made the teacher very angry. antecedent： __h_e_w__a_s_l_a_te__ ,__A_s_e_n_t_e_n_ce •

非限制性定语从句
必修第一册第一单元重点语法
定语从句的定义：
定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主 句的某个名词成分，相当于形容词。 定语从句又分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句就是对某个名词（先行词）起约束作用，使该词含义 更具体。
如girl, a girl who is beautiful. 对girl这个词限定起来，而不是随便什么 girl。
A: which B: where C: in which D: what
句式分析，此句不缺少东西， 如果去掉从句，句意完整。
be famous for...
3: Last summer we visited the West Lake, __ Hangzhou is famous in the world.
He said that he had never seen her before, _______ was not true.
In the presence of so many people he was little tense, ______ was understandable.
which在非限制性定语从句中可指代和修饰的是主句中的名词，形容词，短语，其 他从句或整个主句，在从句中作主语，动词宾语，介词宾语或表语。
3: The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.
总结： 1：非限制性定语从句起补充说明的作用， 在句子中不充当成分，缺少也不会影响全 句的理解，它与主句之间通常用逗号隔开。
1：who John,__w_h_o_ sells ancient vases,is an old friend of my father’s. His sister,__w_h_o__ works in an antique shop,is coming to see him tomorrow.

定语从句的分类
课程大纲
从句和定语从句 定语从句的由来 定语从句的基本概念 定语从句的分类
• 限定性定语从句 • 非限定性定语从句 • 分割性定语从句
定语和定语从句
• a phone • a cell phone • a phone which is produced by Apple Computer Inc.
• I admire the man.
• I admire the man , who played Kangxi Emperor in the famous TV series, Kangxi Empire. • 我喜欢那个男人，他在著名的电视剧《康熙帝国 》中扮演康熙皇帝。 • 补充说明； 翻译成另一个分句；
巩固练习
• 判断下列句子是限定or非限定： • 1. The Mississipi River which flows smoothly is the major commercial river in the USA.
• The Mississipi River , which flows smoothly , the major commercial river in the USA.
巩固练习
翻译1： • （2008上海高考）我对学生所谈的电子产品一无 所知，我发现自己落伍了。(ignorant) • I found myself out of date, for I ma ignorant of the electronic products which the students are talking about.
• Mr. Black responded to my letter instantly , which I appreciated very much.

cultural relics in the old days.
(5) They moved the boxes to a mine, where _____
they wanted to hide them.
Task 2: Practice.
(1) What surprised me was not what he said but the way _____________ (that/in which) he said it. (2) We’re just trying to reach a point _____ both sides will sit down where together and talk. (06山东）
As “正如、像……一样” 位置可放在主句前面，也可放 在后面。而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句 之后，且无“正如”之意。
试比较下面两个句子。
as He went abroad, __________was expected.
which He went abroad, __________was unexpected. 当从句是否定句或表示否定意义时，只能用which引导。
(She has only two brothers.)
下面两个句子只有一个逗号之差, 意义大相径庭。
a)He will wear no clothes which will make him
different from others.
他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。
b) He will wear no clothes, which will make him different from others. 他不穿衣服, 这会使他显得与众不同。

• Mr. Wang, who is kind, is popular with
the students.
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从
省略后主语所指 句省略后意义 仍
就不明确，
然完整，
所以不能省略。 所以可以省略。
寒假来临，不少的高中毕业生和大学 在校生 都选择 去打工 。准备 过一个 充实而 有意义 的寒假 。但是 ，目前 社会上 寒假招 工的陷 阱很多
as 引导非限制性从句，常意为“正如”。 可出现在句首、句中、句末。常见结构有：
• as is known to all • as is often the case 这是常有的事 • as might / could be expected 正如人们所预料的 • as has been said before 正如前面所说的 • as has been mentioned above 正如上面所提到的 • as has been pointed out 正如所指出的 • as can be imagined • as can be seen (from these figures) • as often happens • as will be shown 正如…所示ofwhich Nhomakorabea/
whom
之前可以使
用表达数量或定位的数词或代词
1. I am doing different types of exercises, all of _w_h_i_c_h_ are quite helpful to my health.
2. Many people, some of _w_h_o_m___ are not overweight, are going on diets.

与其他从句的区别
与非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句对所修饰的名词或代词进行或代词的附加说明，可以 省略不影响句子意义。
与同位语从句的区别
限制性定语从句是对名词或代词的修饰限定，而同位语从句 则是对名词或代词的补充说明，两者在功能和意义上都有所 不同。
定义
限制性定语从句用于修饰名词或代词 ，对所修饰的名词或代词在意义上进 行限定，使其更具体、更明确。
特点
与主句关系紧密，不可省略，如果省 略会影响句子的完整性或意义。
用法与例句
用法
在句子中，限制性定语从句紧跟在先行词后面，通过关系代词或关系副词引导， 对先行词进行修饰限定。
例句
The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting. (关系代词 that引导)
限制性定语从句和非限 制性定语从句讲解课件
目录
Contents
• 引言 • 限制性定语从句 • 非限制性定语从句 • 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从
句的区别 • 练习与巩固 • 总结与回顾
01 引言
课程介绍
课程背景
介绍定语从句在英语语法中的重 要地位，以及学习定语从句对于 提高英语表达和理解能力的意义 。
03 非限制性定语从句
定义与特点
定义
非限制性定语从句是对先行词的附加说明，与主句关系不紧密，去掉后不影响主 句意思。
特点
使用逗号与主句隔开，对先行词进行补充说明，但不强调先行词与从句的关系。
用法与例句
用法
在句子中充当定语，修饰名词或代词。
例句
The book, which was written by a famous author, was highly recommended.（这本书是由著名作 家所写，备受推荐。）

Look at the following sentences and tell the differences of the Attributive Clauses.
1. He gave me a pen he bought yesterday. 2. He gave me a pen, which he bought
2. Beijing, __w_h__ic_h___ is the capital of China, has a very long history.
3. __A_s___ is known to all, he is the best student. 4. The young man had a new girl friend,
As引导的非限制性定语从句, 常位于 句首, which不可以
I like the house, whose windows face the sea.
先行词在从句做定语, 用关系词whose
Cindy is a lovely girl, with whom many people like to make friends.
which
6. I dream of going to Beijing, whiicchh the 29th Olympic Games was held. where/ in which
competition
Exercises
1. Hangzhou is a beautiful city, _w_h__er_e_/_in__w_h_i_c_h people visit the famous West Lake.
which frightened me very much.

限制性定语从句用来限定先行词，去掉它的话，主句的意思不完整或不清楚，它不能用逗号与其 他成分隔开。
1 位置和引导词
限制性定语从句通常位于先行词之后，引导词有that, who, whom, which, whose, where等。
2 与先行词的关系
限制性定语从句与先行词之间存在紧密的关系，是先行词不可或缺的一部分。
2 与先行词的关系
非限制性定语从句与先行词之间是递进或解释的关系，先行词并不依赖从句。
3 语法结构
先行词，逗号，非限制性定语从句（关系词 + 从句）
非限制性定语从句的例子
我的老师
My teacher, who has a PhD, is very knowledgeable.
我的朋友
My friend, who lives in London, gave me a present.
3 语法结构
先行词 + 定语从句（关系词 + 从句）
限制性定语从句的例子
英语老师
The English teacher who wears glasses is very knowledgeable.
新买的手机
The phone that I bought yesterday is very expensive.
开车上班
The man who drives a red car is my neighbor.
非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句是对先行词进行补充或解释，去掉它的话，主句的意思仍然完整，它一般用逗 号与其他成分隔开。
1 位置和引导词
非限制性定语从句通常位于先行词之后，引导词有which, who, whom等。