社区护理重点.docx

PPT 1(1) Course objectives

Concept ：community, community health, environmental health, and epidemiology to community health nursing practice

Assessment

Intervention

Health promotion individual、family 、groups（community)

Health practice

Framework

PPT1(2)

Community health nursing(填空题)

Nursing practice and public health practice synthesis

Responsibility: to the population as a whole

Focus:Prevention---illness maintenance/Promotion---health

Population(community)(填空题)

Residing in the same area/groups,or a set of person under the statistic study. Environmental or personal characteristics in common

Risk

Based on the probablity

Concerned with disease/disability/premature death

Population at a risk

Population at risk factors/exposures pose a threat to the health

Population of interest

Population is essentially healthy but could improve factors(promote and promote health)

Community

A social network of interacting individuals

Territory (地域)

politics

others

•Same benefits

relationship

feeling

problems be solved

Needs

Empowerment 赋权（简答、填空）

Empowerment is the process of assisting others

to uncover their own inherent abilities,strengths, vigor, wholeness, and spirit. Prevent（填空）

Prevention is anticipatory (预期的) action taken to prevent the occurrence of an event or to minimize its effect after it has occurred

Three levels of prevention

–Primary prevention

----protects against threats to health and Promotes health

----It keeps problems from occurring in the first place

----Be implemented before a problem develops

----It targets essentially well populations

•Strategies

Health promotion

Special prevention

Disease prevention

–Secondary prevention

detects and treats problems

Keep the problem from serious /longterm effect

After the problem has begun ,before the symptoms and signs appear

Population has risk factors in common

–Tertiary prevention

limits further negative effects from a problem

----keeps existing problems from getting worse

----be implemented after a disease or injury has occurred

----it targets population who have experienced disease or injury

Community as partner model 社区作为服务对象的模式

护理程序是以护理模式为指导思想

Assessment Community Assessment Wheel--社区评估车轮)

Diagnosis analysis stressor and stress reaction

Plan 3级预防

Implementation

Evaluation

PPT2 Community Assessment

定义：Nurse assesses the health status of population

目的：Identify factors (both positive and negative)

模型：Community Assessment Wheel

社区评估车轮（重点，预测考）

原则：People as core 以人为核心

Normal line of defense 正常防线

Flexible line of defense 弹性防线

Lines of resistance 抵抗防线

Prevention-oriented 以预防为主

内容：

Community core----people（demographics/values/beliefs/history）

社区核心

Subsystems----determinants,divided by the broken line(not discrete and separate,but influence with each other

子系统8个

recreation/economics(poverty&unemployment)/communication/health&social services(need&utilize--availability/accessibility/affordability)