语法知识：宾语从句
一．定义:在复合句中作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
二．考点：
1.引导词.
2. 语序
3. 时态
1. 引导词
(1). 陈述句由that引导的宾语从句。that可以省略。例如：
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
(2). 一般疑问句由if或whether引导。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether
①在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasn't been decided.
②在介词后：It depends on（依靠）whether it is going to rain.
③与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.
语法点：由if或whether引导的宾语从句
词汇：if, whether, ask, wonder, know, …
句型：…asks/asked/wonders/wondered/wants to know/wanted to know if/whether…
(3). 特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词引导。who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when,
where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例如：
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’t know why the train is late.
2. 语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
3. 时态
(1). 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。
如：I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
(2). 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去
进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meeting.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
(3). 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
补充：宾语从句的简化：特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句可以简化成：特殊疑问词+to do的形式。
（句型转换题）
I don’t know how I should do it next. I don’t know how to do it next.
I don’t know what I should do next. I don’t know what to do next.
一、典型例题【中考链接】
1. Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me ________?
A. where you buy it
B. where do you buy it
C. where you bought it
D. where did you buy it
2.—Excuse me .Could you tell me_____ I can get to the Space Museum?
--Of course. You can take bus No.1.
A. where
B. how
C. if
D. why
3.—Do you know ________the new mobile phone last week?
--Maybe 900 yuan. I’m not quite sure.
A. how much she paid for
B. how much will she pay for
C. how much did she pay for
4. Alice in Wonderland is a fantastic movie. It’s about ______.
A. how did Alice end the Red Queen’s reign of terror（恐怖统治）
B. what did Alice end the Red Queen’s reign of terror
C. how Alice ended the Red Queen’s reign of terror
D. what Alice ended the Red Queen’s reign of terror
5. —Do you know ________the girl in red is?
—I’m not sure. Maybe a teacher.
A. when
B. how
C. where
D. what
6. I want to know ________.
A. when we should arrive at the airport
B. when should we arrive at the airport
C. when the airport we should arrive at
D. when the airport should we arrive at
7. --Would you please tell me __________?
--At 10:00 this evening.
A. when will the train leave
B. when the train will leave
C. when does the train leave
8. —Could you tell me________?
--Fill in this form and I will give you a card.
A. how I can meet Cathy
B. where I can meet Cathy
C. when I can meet Cathy
9. –Do you know ________ the man with sunglasses is?
-I’m not sure. Maybe a reporter.
A. who
B. what
C. where
D. how
10. -Tommy, do you know if Frank ________ to the zoo this Sunday if it ________?
-Sorry, I have no idea.
A. will go; is fine
B. goes; is fine
C. will go; is going to be fine
D. goes; will be fine
12. No one can be sure_________ in a million years.
A. what man looks like
B. what will man look like
C. what man looked like
D. what man will look like
