1. A decision whether to pump or to transport concrete in buckets will directly affect the cost and duration of tasks involved in building construction.
用泵送混凝土还是用吊斗浇筑混凝土的决定将直接影响建筑物施工中各项任务的成本和时间
2. In selecting among alternative methods and technologies, it may be necessary to formulate a number of construction plans based on alternative methods or assumptions. 在选择施工方法和技术时，有必要根据各种备选的施工方法和假设制订若干套施工计划。
3.This examination of several alternatives is often made explicit in bidding competitions in which several alternative designs may be proposed or value engineering for alternative construction methods may be permitted
这种对几个备选方案之间的评比在公开招标中表现的十分明显：在设计招标中会要求提交数个设计方案；在施工招标中会用到价值工程的方法
4. In this case, potential constructors may wish to prepare plans for each alternative design using the suggested construction method as well as to prepare plans for alternative construction methods which would be proposed as part of the value engineering process.在这个案例中，潜在的承包商需要针对每个备选设计方案根据被建议的施工方法来制定具体的计划；也需要针对每个备选施工方法制定具体计划，而这些施工方法选择会被推荐应用价值工程方法
5. In forming a construction plan, a useful approach is to simulate the construction process either in the imagination of the planner or with a formal computer based simulation technique.根据施工计划人员的想象或者利用以计算机为工具的仿真技术队施工过程进行模拟。在制定施工计划时，非常有用的办法是
6. For example, a decision to use a particular piece of equipment for an operation immediately leads to the question of whether or not there is sufficient access space for the equipment.例如，当我们决定使用一台特定的机械设备进行施工时，可能马上会遇到这样一个问题，即，是否有足够的工作面来容纳这台设备。
7. Three dimensional geometric models in a computer aided design(CAD) system may be helpful in simulating space requirements for operations and for identifying any interferences.使用计算机辅助设计系统中（CAD）的三维图形模型对施工中的空间进行模拟，并对干扰因素进行识别是非常有用的，从而解决我们的问题。8. Similarly, problems in resource availability identified during the simulation of the construction process might be effectively forestalled by providing additional resources as part of the construction plan. 类似地，我们还可以用计算机对施工过程中的资源使用情况进行模拟，并根据模拟结果提前制定资源供应计划。
9.The various categories of activity float are illustrated in figure 9-2 in which the activity is represented by a bar which can move back and forth in time depending upon its scheduling start time. 各种工作时差的分类如图9-2所示，图中一项工作的时间安排用一条能根据它的工作开始时间适时前后移动的横线表示
10. Three possible scheduled starts are shown, corresponding to the cases of starting each activity at the earliest event time, E(i),the latest activity start time LS(I,J),and at the latest event time L(i).有三种计划开始时间，分别是与工作最早开始时间相对应的事件最早时间E(i)，工作最迟开始时间LS(I,J)以及事件最迟时间L(i).
11. Thus the start of the activity could be scheduled anytime between time 4 and 14 after the project began without interfering with the schedule of other activities or with the earliest completion time of the project. 因此，该工作可以被安排在项目开工后4到14中的任意时间开始，而不会影响其他工作的进度或者整个项目最早完工时间。
12.Graphical presentation of project schedules are particularly useful since it is much easier to comprehend a graphical display of numerous pieces of information than to sift through a large table of numbers.
项目计划图示的表达特别有用，因为大量的信息通过图的形式表现出来比用包含大量数据的表来表现要容易理解得多。
13. Early computer scheduling systems were particularly poor in this regard since they produced pages and pages of numbers without aids to the manager for understanding them.
早期的计算机进度系统在这方面做得非常欠缺，他们只是产出大量的数据，而不能帮助项目经理去理解他们。
