2020玉溪年教师招聘考试必做题《初中英语学科》——————-育萃教师祝您考试顺利一、单选题1、 Passage 8Seventy years ago, more than 160,000 Allied troops stormed the beaches of Normandy during the D-Day invasion. And while we all know that day served as a huge turning point for the Allied cause, you probably haven't thought much about what those soldiers carried with them to eat during and after the invasion. Food had to be lightweight, nutritious and very high in energy；after all, these men were about to invade Nazi-occupied land. As it happened, the one substance that could fulfill all those requirements was a very unlikely item-a Hershey’s chocolate bar.The Hershey chocolate company was approached back in 1937 about creating a specially designed bar just for U.S. Army emergency rations. According to Hershey’s chief chemist Sam Hinkle, the ernment had just four requests about their new chocolate bars: they had to weight 4 ounces, be high in energy, withstand high temperatures and "taste a little better than a boiled potato". The final product was called the "D ration bar", a blend of chocolate； sugar, cocoa butter, skim milk powder and oat flour. The viscous mixture proved too thick to move through the normal chocolate bar manufacturing set up at the Hershey plant, so initially each bar had to be packed into its 4-ounce mold by hand.As for taste, well, most who tried it said they would 0rather had eaten the boiled potato. The combination of fat and oat flour made the chocolate bar a dense brick, and the sugar did little to mask the overwhelmingly bitter taste to the dark chocolate. Since it was designed to withstand high temperatures, the bar was nearly impossible to bite into. Most men who ate it had to shave slices off with a knife before they could chew it. And despite the U.S. Army’s best efforts to stop the men from doing so, some of the D ration bars ended up in the trash. Later in the war, Hershey introduced a new version, known as the Tropical bar, specially designed for extreme temperatures of the Pacific Theater. By the end of the war, the company had produced more than 3 billion ration bars.But "Hitler's Secret Weapon", as many infantrymen referred to the chocolate bar, was hardly the only candy in the D-Day rations. Candy was an easy way to pep up the troops, and the quick burst of energy provided by sugar was a welcome addition to kit bags. Along with the D rations, troops received three days worth of K ration packs. These were devised more as meal replacements and not sustenance snacks like the D rations, and camecompletely with coffee, canned meats, processed cheese and tons of sugar. At various points during the war, men could find powdered orange or lemon drink, caramels, chewing gum and-of course-more chocolate. Along with packs of cigarettes and sugar cubes for coffee, the K ration packs provided plenty of valuable energy for fighting men.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. How Chocolate Was Made for the WarB. How Chocolate Helped Win the WarC. What Were the Requirements about Chocolate for the WarD.What Were the Differences between D Ration Bars and K Ration Packs2、Passage 18According to one account, the hamburger was first sold at the Erie County Fair in Hamburg, New York, in 1885, by brothers Frank and Charles Menches. The two Ohio brothers had arrived on the grounds of the fair too late to get a supply of chopped pork for their sandwich concession. The butcher sold them beef instead, and after some experimentation they formulated a sandwich, which they named after the Buffalo, New York, .suburb where they were doing business.Hamburg's claim to be the site of the first hamburger is disputed by the town of Seymour, Wisconsin,where a man named Charles Nagreen is claimed to have served hamburger sandwiches in 1885.Another story about the origins of the ubiquitous burger states that in the late 1800's Fletcher Davis, a potter in Athens, Texas, wasn't selling enough pottery. Therefore he opened a lunch counter. His specialty? A ground-beef patty served between slices of home-made bread. In 1904 Davis went to the World's Fair in St.Louis, Missouri, with his recipe, which was, of course, a big hit. At the Fair the ground beef sandwich was deemed the hamburger, because in Hamburg, Germany, ground beef patties were popular, though the patties there are more like meat loaf and lack a bun. (It is believed that 19th-century German sailors learned about eating raw shredded beef, "Steak Tartare," in the Baltic Provinces. A German cook eventually had the idea of cooking the Tartare mixture.)Fletcher Davis is also credited with serving fried potato strips at the World’s Fair. A friend in Paris,Texas, had given him the idea, but a reporter thought that Davis said "Paris, France," and those potatoes are forevermore "French Fries."Another contender in the "hamburger invention" contest is Louie’s Lunch, a Yale off-campus eatery. This New Haven, Connecticut, site is said to have first offered the burger in 1895.The commercial bun on which hamburgers are now served was created .by diner operator Walter Anderson of Wichita, Kansas, who also invented themodern grill (both events around 1916) and then established the chain of White Castle hamburger restaurants.Lionel Clark Sternberger, later proprietor of the Rite Spot steakhouse in Los Angeles, experimentally tossed a slice of cheese on a hamburger he was cooking at his father's short-order shop in Pasadena, California, in 1924, thus originating the cheeseburger.The word "cheeseburger" was patented by Louis Ballast in 1944. Ballast grilled a slice of cheese onto burgers at his Denver, Colorado, drive-in. Well, you know the rest-McDonald's, Burger King, Wendy’s, White Castle, etc.-burgers everywhere. Some good, some so-so. But certainly anall-American favorite. A "classic."Which of the following is closest THREE?A. Deliciously made.B. Easily found.C. Commonly mentioned.D. Hotly disputed.3、Passage 2On average, American kids ages 3 to 12 spent 29 hours a week in school, eight hours more than they did in 1981. They also did more household work and participated in more of such organized activities as soccer and ballet. Involvement in sports, in particular, rose almost 50% from 1981 to 1997: boys now spend an average of four hours a week playing sports; girls log half that time. All in all, however, children’s leisure time dropped from 40% of the day in 1981 to 25%."Children are affected by the same time crunch that affects their parents," says Sandra Hofferth, who headed the recent study of children’s timetable. A chief reason, she says, is that more mothers are working outside the home. (Nevertheless, children in both double-income and "male breadwinner" households spent comparable mounts of time interacting with their parents, 19 hours and 22 hours respectively. In contrast, children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers.)All work and no play could make for some very messed-up kids. "Play is the most powerful way a child explores the world and learns about himself," says T. Berry Brazelton, professor at Harvard Medical School. Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships with their peers, but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it.The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing "free .time" watching television. But that, believe it or not, was one of the findings parents might regard as good news. If they're spending less time in front of the TV set, however, kids aren't replacing it with reading. Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books, the children spent just over an hour a week reading. Let’s face it, who’s got the time?We can infer from the passage that_______.A. extracurricular activities promote children’s intelligenceB. most children will turn to reading with TV sets switched offC. efforts to get kids interested in reading have been fruitfulD. stopping kids watching TV is not a way to let them read二、简答题1、在词汇教学的过程中，教师可教给学生哪些记忆单词的具体方法?请列举四种并举例说明。
