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宾语从句知识点梳理

宾语从句知识点梳理
宾语从句知识点梳理

宾语从句知识点梳理

宾语从句:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。根据作用的不同,宾语从句的引导词通常分为以下几类:

知识点1:宾语从句的连接词的用法在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。常用的连接词有:that; if; whether; what; which; who; whom; when; where; how; why

等。

1. 【考查点】宾语从句是陈述句时,用that 引导。在口语中that 常被省略。如:I know(that) you are a student.

2. 【考查点】宾语从句是一般疑问句时,用if 或whether 来引导。if, whether 意为“是否”,whether 还可以与or not 连用。

如:Lily wanted to know if her grandma liked the handbag. 莉莉想知道她的姐姐是

否喜欢这个手提袋。

3. 【考查点】宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,用疑问词引导。如:He didn 't tell me where he was going.

他没告诉我他想去哪儿。

Can you tell me what he said just now 你

能告诉我他刚才说什么吗

1. 陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不

变。

如: She said, “ I will leave a message on the desk. ”

她说她会在桌上留口信的。 She said that she would leave a message on the desk.

知识点 2:宾语从句的语序

2.【考查点】一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时, 也要注意人称和时态

的 变化,后面接陈述句语序。

如:“ Where are the tickets ” I asked him. 我问他票在哪儿。

I asked him where the tickets were. 注意:宾语从句的人称要遵循“一随主、

二随宾、第三人称不更新”的原则。如 下表:

知识点 3:宾语从句的时态

1. 如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,宾语从句的时态不受限

制, 可以根据实际表达的需要来确定。

如: Could you tell me what he said at the meeting 你能告诉我他在会上说什么。

He will tell us that he has been able to look after himself. 他会告诉我们他已经能

告诉他自己。

Tell him when we will finish our work. 告诉他我们什么时候完成工作。

2. 【考查点】如果主句是过去的某种时态,宾语从句应与主句保持一致,用过去

的某种时态。

如:He said that he was born in Wenzhou in 1996.

他说他 1996年出生于温州。

They said that they had already seen the film. 他们说他们已经看过这部电影

了。

3. 【易错点】如果宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实、格言、科学真理时,从句

时态不受主句限制,用一般现在时。

如:Everyone knew there are 365 days in a year. 大家都知道一年有365 天。She said that two heads are better than one. 她说

三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。

He said that the sun rises in the east.

知识点4:宾语从句的否定前移

【考查点】在宾语从句中,当主句的谓语动词为think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose 等时,如果主句为I 或we 时,从句中表示否定意义的not 应移到think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose 等前。

如:I don 't suppose he will come.

我猜他不会来。

注意:如果主句主语不是I 或we,则not 不前移。如:She thinks she can 't arrive there on time.

她认为她不能按时到那儿。

知识点5:宾语从句的简化

1. 【考查点】当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且谓语动词是hope, wish, decide 等时,从句可简化为不定式结构。

如:I hope that I can see you again.

=I hope to see you again. 我希望能再次见到你。

2. 【考查点】当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且谓语动词是know, remember, forget, learn 等时,句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。

如:I don 't know what I should say.

=I don 't know what to say. 我不知道该说什么。

3. 【考查点】当主句的谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach 等,且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时,从句可简化为不定式结构或“疑问词+不定式” 结构。

如:Mr Hu tells u s that we shouldn 't draw on the wall.

=Mr Hu tells us not to draw on the wall. 胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画画。Will you please tell me where I can buy stamps

=Will you please tell me where to buy stamps 请告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票

练习及分析

1、-Can you tell me

___________________ to London

-Sure .Next

month .(

A.when you will travel B

.when will you travel

C.when you travelled D .when did you travel

【考点】宾语从句。

【分析】- 你能告诉我什么时候去伦敦旅游吗

- 当然了。下周。

【解答】考查宾语从句的用法.宾语从句的语序为陈述语序,故排除B 和D;根据答语next month 可知,从句为一般将来时态,排除 C.

故选:A

2、---Could you tell me ______

---At nine o'clock ,in ten minutes .()

A.how will he leave B .when he has left

C.why he is leaving D .when he will leave

【考点】宾语从句.

【分析】-- 你能告诉我他什么时候离开吗

-- 在十分钟后,九点.

【解答】答案:D

根据问句知此题考查宾语从句.考生可分三步答题:1.陈述语序排除法,2.根据句意选择合适的引导词,3.根据时态判断。首先,排除不是陈述语序的选项A;再根据句意来选择合适的引导词根据答语可排除C,B 选项;最后根据时态检验,主句为Could you tell me 为一般现在时,从句时态可根据自身情况选择,根据答语知为将来的时间,故用一般将来时。故选 D.

3、-Can you tell me ____

-He lives in Shanghai .()

A.where Mark lives B.where does Mark live

C.where Mark lived D.where did Mark live

【考点】宾语从句。

【分析】-- 你能告诉我Mark 住在哪里吗

-- 他住在上海。

【解答】答案: A 根据Can you tell me 再结合选项,可知Can you tell me 后面是跟一个宾语从句,宾语从句中应该用陈述语序,即主语+谓语,所以排除B,D.再根据He lives in Shanghai .是说现在他住在上海。可知是一般现在

时,故排除C。故选:A.

4、-- C ould you tell me___his hometown

--- The day after tomorrow ,I think .()

A.when will you visit B.when you will visit

C.why you will visit D.how you will visit

【考点】宾语从句.

【分析】-- 你能告诉我你什么时候访问张爱萍的家乡吗

-- 我想后天吧.

【解答】答案:B.

根据Could you tell me ,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法.在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项A是疑问句语序,排除掉.再根据The day after tomorrow ,可知这里表示的是时间,提问时间的话应该用when.故选B.

5、---Do you know ______

---Let me see .I remember it was on March 18th .()

A.why did they move here

B.why they moved here

C.when did they move here

D.when they moved here

考点】宾语从句.

【分析】-- 你知道他们什么时候搬到这里来的吗

-- 让我想想,我记得是在3月18日.

【解答】答案:D.

根据Do you know可知,本题考查宾语从句,宾语从句中一般为陈述语序,选项AC是疑问语序,所以排除掉;再根据I remember it was on March 18th ,可知这里表示的是时间,而且是一个过去的时间,所以宾语从句的引导词是when,时态应该用一般过去时.故选D

6、-Excuse me.Could you tell me ______ about the local history and culture

-Of course .You can check it on this computer .()

A.how can I get the information

B.what information did I get

C.where I can get the information

D.that I got the information

【考点】宾语从句.

【分析】-- 对不起,你能告诉我在哪里可以找到有关当地的历史和文化的信息吗

-- 当然可以.你可以在这台电脑上查一下它.

【解答】答案:C.

根据Could you tell me ,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法.在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项AB是疑问句语序,排除掉.再根据on this computer ,可知这里表示的是地点,提问地方的话应该用where。故选C.

7、-What did your father say to you just now

-He asked me ________ .()

A.that I would like to see a movie

B.where I will spend my holiday

C.if I enjoyed myself at the party

D.when did I attend the graduation party

【分析】-- 你爸爸刚才和你说什么了

-- 他问我在聚会上是否玩得很开心.

【解答】答案:C.

考点】宾语从句.

根据He asked me,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法.在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项 D 是疑问句语序,排除掉.再根据He asked me,可知这里句子使用的时态是一般过去时,那么宾语从句就要相应的用过去时,选项 B 是will ,不符合时态要求,排除掉.在这里ask 的意思是询问,后面跟的宾语从句应该有疑问的语气,所以这里使用的引导词是if ,排除A。故选C

8、-Daniel ,could you tell me _________

-Certainly ,in Brazil .()

A.when the 2016 Olympics will be held

B.when will the 2016 Olympics be held

C.where the 2016 Olympics will be held

D.where will the 2016 Olympics be held

【考点】宾语从句.

【分析】--Daniel ,你能告诉我2016 年奥运会在哪里举行吗

-- 当然可以,在巴西.

【解答】答案:C.

根据Could you tell me ,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法.在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项BD是疑问句语序,排除掉.再根据in

Brazil ,可知这里表示的是地点,提问地方的话应该用where。故选C.

9、-I wonder _____ .-It will fall on a Saturday .()

A.how will National Day fall on this year

B.How National Day will fall on this year

C.What day will National Day fall on this year

D.What day National Day will fall on this year

【分析】-- 我想知道今年国庆节将在哪一天

-- 将会是周六.

【解答】答案:D.

根据I wonder ,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法.在宾语从句中所使用的语序应

考点】宾语从句.

该是陈述句语序,选项AC是疑问句语序,排除掉.再根据It will fall on a Saturday ,可知这里表示的是哪一天,提问的话应该用what day 。故选D.

10、I don't know if you ____ to Mary's party next Sunday .If you go ,_____ .()

A.go;so will I B.will go ;so will I

C.will go ;so do I

【考点】宾语从句;状语从句.

【分析】我不知道下个星期天你是否会去参加Mary 的聚会.如果你去的话,我也去.

【解答】答案:B.

根据I don't know if you _____ to Mary's party next Sunday ,可知这里考查了宾语从句的用法,主句是一般现在时,所以后面的从句可以用所需要的时态,在这里next Sunday表示一个将来的时间,所以句子应该用一般将来时,结构为:will+ 动词原形;再根据If you go ,可知这部分考查了倒装句,下句是肯定形式,所以用so+助动词+主语的形式,表示?也是,这里if 引导的是条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,所以在so 引导的句子中还应该用will 。故选B

11、-Would you like to tell me ____

-Sure .Practice makes perfect .()

A.how can I learn English better

B.how I can learn English better

C.why can I learn English better

D.why I can learn English better

【分析】-- 你想告诉我如何能更好地学习英语吗

-- 当然可以.熟能生巧.

【解答】答案:B.

根据Would you like to tell me ,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法.在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项AC是疑问句语序,排除掉.再根据

考点】宾语从句.

Practice makes perfect ,可知这里询问的是如何能把英语学的更好,表示做没事的方式用how。故选B.

12、-I am worried about ___ .

-Whatever the result is ,don't be too hard on yourself ()

A.how have I prepared for my final exams

B.if I can get great grads in the final exams

C.that my school team lost the game because of my fault

D.why did my school team lose the game

【考点】宾语从句.

【分析】-- 我担心我是否能在期末考试中取得好成绩.

-- 无论结果如何,你自己都不要太辛苦了.

【解答】答案:B.

根据I am worried about ______ ,可知,本题考查宾语从句的用法,宾语从句

中一般为陈述语序,选项AD是疑问句语序,排除掉;在这里I amw orried about 含有疑问的口气,所以后面所跟的宾语从句用if 来引导。故选B.

13、-Dad,can you tell me ___ I miss her very much .

-Next month ,dear .()

A.when will my mum come back

B.when my mum will come back

C.how my mum goes to work

D.where will my mum go

根据Can you tell me ,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法.在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项AD是疑问句语序,排除掉.再根据-Next month,可知这里表示的是时间,提问时间的话应该用when。故选 B

14、There are so manyf oggy days recently .Wea ll wonder _________ .()

A.how is the air polluted

B.why the air is seriously polluted

考点】宾语从句.

【分析】-- 爸爸,你能告诉我妈妈什么时候回来吗我非常想念她.

-- 亲爱的,下个月.

【解答】答案:B.

C.what can we do to prevent that bad weather

D.what are the real reasons

【考点】宾语从句.

【分析】最近有这么多雾天.我们都想知道为什么空气污染如此的严重.

【解答】答案:B.

根据We all wonder-- 再结合选项,可知We all wonder 后面是跟一个宾语从句,宾语从句中应该用陈述语序,即主语+谓语,所以排除ACD.选项 B why the air is seriously polluted 为什么空气污染如此的严重,符合题意。故选:B.

15、Could you please tell me ____ I didn't hear it clearly .()

A.what did Mary say B .what Mary says

C.what Mary said

【考点】宾语从句.

【分析】你能告诉我Mary 说了什么吗我没有听清楚.

【解答】答案:C.

根据Could you please tell me _____ ,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法.在

宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项A是疑问句语序,排除掉.再根据I didn't hear it clearly ,可知这里句子使用的时态是一般过去时,表

示说话这个动作发生在过去,时态应该用一般过去时。故选C.

16、--Excuse me ,but could you please tell me

--sure ()

A.where is the restroom

B.when the store opens

C.what time does it begin

【考点】宾语从句.

【分析】-- 打扰一下,但是你能告诉我商店什么时候开门吗

-- 当然可以.

【解答】答案:B.

根据could you please tell me ,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法.在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项AC是疑问句语序,排除掉.选项 B 是正常语序,意思是商店什么时候开门,符合题意。故选B.

17、-What did Max just say to you

-He asked me ____ .()

A.if I would like to go skating

B.when did I buy this CD

C.where I will spend the weekend

D.that I had a good time

【考点】宾语从句.

【分析】--Max 刚才和你说什么了

-- 他问我是否想去滑冰.

【解答】答案:A.

根据He asked me,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法.在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项B是疑问句语序,排除掉.再根据He asked me,可知这里句子使用的时态是一般过去时,那么宾语从句就要相应的用过去时,选项C是will ,不符合时态要求,排除掉.在这里ask 的意思是询问,后面跟的宾

从句应该有疑问的语气,所以这里使用的引导词是if ,排除D。故选A

18、-Look at the man in blue! Do you know _______

-Oh,he is a policeman .()

A.what does he do B.what he does

C.how he does

【考点】宾语从句.

【分析】看看那个穿蓝色衣服的男士!你知道他是干什么的吗

-- 哦,他是一名警察。

【解答】答案:B.

根据Do you know 再结合选项,可知Do you know 后面是跟一个宾语从句,宾语从句中应该用陈述语序,即主语+谓语,所以排除A.再根据he is a policeman .这里表示职业,询问的话应该用what,故排除C。故选:B.

19、-Do you know _________

-Yes .They're from new York .()

A.what do the tourists do

B.where the tourists are from

C.what the tourists do

D.where are the tourists from

【考点】宾语从句.

【分析】-- 你知道这些游客来自哪里吗

-- 是的.他们来自纽约。

【解答】答案:B.

根据Do you know ,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法。在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项AD是疑问句语序,排除掉。再根据from New

York ,可知这里表示的是地点,提问地方的话应该用where。故选B

20、-Do you know ____ this afternoon

-I'm not sure ,but I'll tell you as soon as she comes )

A.how will Betty arrive

B.what time Betty will arrive

C.where Betty will arrive

D.whether will Betty arrive

【考点】宾语从句.

【分析】-- 你知道Betty 今天下午将会什么时候到达吗

-- 我不确定,但是她一来我就告诉你。

【解答】答案:B.

根据Do you know可知,本题考查宾语从句,宾语从句中一般为陈述语序,选项AD是疑问语序,所以排除掉;再根据but I'll tell you as soon as she comes,可知但是她一来我就告诉你,这里谈论的应该是时间,而且应该是一个将来的时间,所以宾语从句的引导词是what time ,时态应该用一般将来时。故选 B.

【初中英语】宾语从句知识点(大全)(1)

必备英语【初中英语】宾语从句知识点(大全) 一、初中英语宾语从句 1.—We can use VQR code(二维码) to find information on the cell phone now. —Really? Can you show me _____________it’? A.how I can use B.how can I use C.why can I use D.what I can use 【答案】A 【解析】 句意:--我们现在可以在手机上使用二维码找到信息。--真的吗?你能教我如何使用它吗?根据Can you show me ,可知本句考查了宾语从句的用法.在宾语从句中所使用的语序应该是陈述句语序,选项BC是疑问句语序,排除掉.再根据Can you show me it,可知这里有it,所以宾语从句的引导词不能再有what.故选A。 2.-Excuse me. Could you please tell me ____________? -Sure. There’s a bookstore on River Road. A.where I can get a dictionary B.if is there a bookstore on River Road C.where can I get a dictionary D.how could I get a dictionary 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意:——打扰了。你能告诉我,我在哪里能买到一本词典吗?——当然可以。在沿江路上有一家书店。where I can get a dictionary我在哪里可以买到一本词典,if is there a bookstore on River Road在沿江路是否有一家书店,where can I get a dictionary 我在哪里可以买到一本词典. how could I get a dictionary我如何能买到一本词典。根据There’s a bookstore on River Road.可知此处询问地点,作为动词tell的宾语从句,故用陈述语序:疑问词+主语+谓语+宾语,故选A。 3.---The light in the professor’s lab was still on at 11:00 o’clock. Do you know ? ---maybe at midnight again. A.how long has he worked B.why does he stay up so late C.if he is busy studying D.when he stopped working 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意“-教授实验室的灯仍然亮着,你知道他什么时候停止工作吗?-可能再一次到半夜”。本题考查宾语从句,宾语从句用陈述句语序,排除A和B;且根据maybe at midnight again可知,应问“他何时停止工作”,故选D。 4.一Why does Jane seem worried?

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初中英语宾语从句知识点大全 宾语从句是初中英语中很重要的语法项目,是学生英语学习的重点更是教与学的难点。我们从初一就开始接触到了宾语从句,但有关宾语从句的知识很零散、很复杂,它不是独立存在的,而是与其他知识有很大的关联,因此很难通过几句话说明白。由于无法系统学习,因此它一直困扰着学生的学习和教师的教学。宾语从句知识涉及到词(助动词、疑问词、行为动词、引导词等)、多种时态、句子类型(肯定句、否定句、疑问句、语序、简单句、复合句)、同义句、被动语态等多方面知识的综合能力的考查。因此宾语从句更是中考试题中倍受青睐的考试内容,出现频率高、考点众多、分值大、题型多样。为了帮助同学们更好的掌握宾语从句,现将宾语从句的有关知识进行全面总结,并通过口诀的形式帮助记忆。希望对于平时的学习尤其对于毕业班教师以及学生的中考复习起到一定的帮助作用,使学生能够快速、准确做题,达到事半功倍的效果。 一、概念:宾语是由一个句子来充当,这个句子就称作宾语从句。 I think he is a good student . 二、可接宾语从句的动词有say 、tell 、think、 know、 see、 hear、hope、 guess、 find、 feel 等,或由形容词构成的系表结构,如:afraid、 sure、 glad、 sorry等 I hope that our team will win the match . I am sure that I can pass the English exam easily . 三、宾语从句的标点符号。 宾语从句的标点符号取决于主句,如果主句是陈述句,句尾用句号,如果主句是疑问句,句尾用问号。 I don’t know what his na me is . Do you know which school he studies in 四、引导词。 1、that (从句是肯定句时,引导词用that ,它本身无词义,不充当成分,在口语中可省略,但在正式场合不可省。)

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中考题例: - Excuse me,could you tell me ___________? - Certainly.It's over there along the street on the left.〔2005年吉林〕 A.where the People's Park is B.where is the People's Park C.the People's Park is where D.the People's Park where is 答案与解析:答案为A项。宾语从句一律使用陈述句语序,应选A项。 三、时态 1.假如主句的谓语动词是一样现在时或一样今后时,宾语从句的时态可视情形使用任何一种相关的时态。 2.假如主句的谓语动词是过去时态,宾语从句必须使用过去相应的某一种时态。 3.假如宾语从句表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或适应性动作等,不管主句是用什么时态,从句时态适应上都用一样现在时。 4.情态动词could / would用于〝要求〞,表示委婉、客气的语气时,从句时态不受主句的约束。 中考题例: Do you know ___________ this time yesterday?〔2005年黑龙江〕 A.what she is cooking B.what is she cooking C.what she was cooking D.what was she cooking 答案与解析:答案为C项。由时刻状语this time yesterday可知,宾语从句应用过去进行时态,应选C项。 四、否定转移 当宾语从句表示否定的意义时,假设主句主语为第一人称且谓语动词是think / believe / suppose / expect等时,应在主句上加以否定。 中考题例:

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