分词作宾语补足语
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分词做宾语补足语(完美高考复习教案)第一章:引言1.1 目的:让学生了解分词做宾语补足语的概念和重要性。
1.2 内容:介绍分词做宾语补足语的定义和用法。
1.3 教学活动:讲解分词做宾语补足语的定义和用法。
举例说明分词做宾语补足语的常见结构。
第二章:现在分词做宾语补足语2.1 目的:让学生掌握现在分词做宾语补足语的用法。
2.2 内容:讲解现在分词做宾语补足语的构成和用法。
2.3 教学活动:讲解现在分词做宾语补足语的构成。
举例说明现在分词做宾语补足语的用法。
进行练习,让学生巩固现在分词做宾语补足语的用法。
第三章:过去分词做宾语补足语3.1 目的:让学生掌握过去分词做宾语补足语的用法。
3.2 内容:讲解过去分词做宾语补足语的构成和用法。
3.3 教学活动:讲解过去分词做宾语补足语的构成。
举例说明过去分词做宾语补足语的用法。
进行练习,让学生巩固过去分词做宾语补足语的用法。
第四章:分词做宾语补足语的辨别4.1 目的:让学生能够正确辨别分词做宾语补足语的结构。
4.2 内容:讲解分词做宾语补足语的辨别方法。
4.3 教学活动:讲解分词做宾语补足语的辨别方法。
举例说明如何辨别分词做宾语补足语的结构。
进行练习,让学生巩固分词做宾语补足语的辨别能力。
第五章:分词做宾语补足语的运用5.1 目的:让学生能够灵活运用分词做宾语补足语。
5.2 内容:讲解分词做宾语补足语的运用技巧。
5.3 教学活动:讲解分词做宾语补足语的运用技巧。
举例说明如何正确运用分词做宾语补足语。
进行练习,让学生巩固分词做宾语补足语的运用能力。
第六章:分词做宾语补足语在语境中的应用6.1 目的:让学生学会在具体语境中正确使用分词做宾语补足语。
6.2 内容:通过实例分析,展示分词做宾语补足语在不同语境中的运用。
6.3 教学活动:分析分词做宾语补足语在各种场合的运用。
提供语境,让学生练习运用分词做宾语补足语。
第七章:分词做宾语补足语的常见错误分析7.1 目的:让学生了解并避免在运用分词做宾语补足语时常见的错误。
现在分词作宾语补足语的例句1. 我看到那只猫追着自己的尾巴跑,那猫像是着了魔似的转圈圈,真让人觉得它是在进行一场无休止的追逐赛。
2. 妈妈发现小明躺在床上玩手机,那小明就像个被手机黏住的小懒虫,动都不动。
3. 老师瞅见同学们在教室里打闹,同学们像一群刚从笼子里放出来的小猴子,上蹿下跳的。
4. 他听到风在窗外呼啸着,那风声像是一个愤怒的巨人在怒吼,似乎要把房子都吹倒。
5. 我看着小狗对着镜子里的自己汪汪叫,小狗就像个傻乎乎的小卫士,在和一个看不见的敌人战斗。
6. 奶奶瞧见爷爷坐在椅子上打瞌睡,爷爷像个点头的不倒翁,脑袋一上一下的。
7. 姐姐发现弟弟在地上爬着找玩具,弟弟就像个小侦探在探寻宝藏,爬来爬去忙得很。
8. 我们看到小鸟站在枝头唱歌,小鸟像个不知疲倦的歌唱家,叽叽喳喳唱个不停。
9. 爸爸看见孩子在雨中蹦跶着,孩子像个无畏的小水怪,在雨里欢快得不得了。
10. 她瞅着那只鸡在院子里啄米,那只鸡就像个无情的小收割机,一粒米都不放过。
11. 朋友看到我在厨房捣鼓着做饭,我像个初次登台的魔术师,手忙脚乱的。
12. 我瞧见那只蜘蛛在墙角织网,蜘蛛像个勤劳的小工匠,忙忙碌碌编织着它的小天地。
13. 妈妈看到妹妹在镜子前扭着跳舞,妹妹像个灵动的小陀螺,转来转去的。
14. 爷爷看到那头牛在田里慢悠悠地走着耕地,牛就像个沉稳的老农夫,一步一步不慌不忙。
15. 他发现那匹马在草原上飞奔着,马像一道闪电划过草原,风在它耳边呼啸好像都跟不上它的速度。
16. 我看到小蚂蚁排着队搬运食物,小蚂蚁像训练有素的小士兵,有条不紊地执行任务。
17. 老师看着学生们在操场跑步,学生们像一群奔跑的小羚羊,充满活力。
18. 奶奶看到那只鹅在院子里晃悠着,鹅像个趾高气昂的小将军,大摇大摆地巡逻。
过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语,表示被动的、完成的动作,宾语补足语与宾语之间常常存在逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。
【归纳】可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的(短语)动词有:1. watch, see, observe, look at, hear, listen to, find, notice等感官动词。
如:I watched the desk carried out of the classroom.The man found his hometown entirely destroyed.2. make, get, have, keep, leave等使役动词。
如:My mother has her hair cut every two months.We must get the work finished before 6 o’clock.The speaker didn’t know how to make himself understood.3. want, order等表示希望、命令等意义的动词。
如:All of us wanted such questions discussed at the meeting.The manager ordered the problem settled as soon as possible.【拓展】★介词with后也可接过去分词作宾语补足语,构成with复合结构。
如:With more flowers planted, the garden looks very beautiful.★动词⁃ing形式、过去分词和不定式作宾语补足语的区别:动词⁃ing形式和不定式作宾语补足语,宾语是其动作的执行者。
动词⁃ing形式强调动作的正在进行或延续性,不定式强调动作的全过程。
过去分词作宾语补足语,通常宾语是其动作的承受者,多强调动作的完成。
现在分词做宾语补足语现在分词在句子中可用作宾语补足语,其结构为:主语+谓语+宾语+现在分词(即宾语补足语)使用此结构要特别注意:句子中的宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是主动关系,并不是所有的动词都可以跟宾语加现在分词作宾语补足语掌握现在分词作宾语补足语的结构要注意下面的五点一感官动词+宾语+现在分词,现在分词做宾语补足语,表示动作正在进行例如:He saw her working in the garden.他看见她正在花园里干活分析:He在句子中做主语,saw作谓语,her作宾语,划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语请看下面的句子,working in the garden宾语补足语I heard a bell ringing.我听见铃在响I could feel the wind blowing on my face.我能感觉到风吹着我的脸高中范围内,适用于感官动词+宾语+现在分词的结构,现在分词作宾语补足语常用的动词有:feel,find,hear,notice,observe,see,watch等在listen to和look at后面也可跟宾语+现在分词(即宾语补足语)例如:Sometimes she would listen to him playing the saxophone.有时她会听他吹奏萨克斯管She looked at him waiting there.她瞧着他等在那里二使役动词+宾语+分词,现在分词在句子中作宾语补足语例如:His question has set me thinking.他的问题让我深思分析:His question在句子中做主语,has set作谓语,me 作宾语,划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语请看下面的句子,thinking做宾语补足语The arrival of the police sent the robbers running away quickly.警察的到来使强盗们四处逃窜The peasants had the tractor working day and night at the harvest time.农忙时,农民们让拖拉机夜以继日地干活The captain got the soldiers moving towards the front after a short rest.休息片刻之后,上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进起来高中范围内,适用于使役动词+宾语+现在分词的结构,现在分词在句子中作宾语补足语常用的动词有:make ,get,have,keep,leave,send,set等三上述两种结构可变为被动形式例如:He was found lying on the floor.有人发现他躺在地上分析:He在句子中做主语,was found作谓语,使用了被动语态,lying on the floor做宾语补足语请看下面的句子,划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语He was seen sitting in a café.有人看见他坐在一家咖啡馆里The papers were left lying around.文件散落了一地四现在分词不定式作宾语补足语的区别feel,find,hear,notice,observe,see,watch等感官动词,既可以跟现在分词也可以跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语现在分词作句子中的宾语补足语,表示动作正在进行;不带to的不定式作句子中的宾语补足语,表示动作的完成试比较下面句子:He saw her working in the garden.(She was working in the garden.)他看见她在花园里干活He saw her enter the room.(She entered the room.)他看见她走进屋子使役动词get,have既可以跟现在分词也可以跟不定式作宾语补足语get sb to do/have sb do sth表示使/让/叫某人去做某事,侧重动作的结果;have sb/sth doing表示使/让某人/物持续地做某事,侧重动作的持续;get sb/sth doing表示使某人/物开始行动起来,侧重动作的开始试比较下面的句子:Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.母亲让我到商店买一些盐I cant get him to stop smoking.He wont listen to me.我不能使他戒烟他不听我的话The mother had the boy cleaning the room the whole afternoon.(母亲让这个男孩整个下午清理房间)I cant get the car starting.(我不能把车发动起来)五现在分词有时用被动形式作宾语补足语,其结构为动词+宾语+being done例如:I saw him being carried away on a stretcher.我看见他被人用担架抬走分析:I在句子中做主语,saw作谓语,him作宾语,划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语请看下面的句子,划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语One could hear all kinds of things being discussed there.你可以听到那里在谈论的问题五花八门,无所不有高中范围内,适用于动词+宾语+being done的结构,现在分词作宾语补足语常用的动词有:feel,find,hear,notice,see,watch等练习:选择最佳答案1.---Why did you go back to the shop?---I left my friend________there.(2002上海)A.waitingB.to waitC.waitD.waits2.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ___ in the kitchen.(2003北京春)A.smokeB.smokingC.to smokeD.smoked3.He looked around and caught a man ___ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.(2004北京春)A.putB.to be puttingC.to putD.putting4.Dont leave the water ___ while you brush yourteeth.(2004天津)A.runB.runningC.being runD.to run答案:1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B★过去分词作宾语补足语请看一道高考题:The murderer was brought in, with his hands ______ behind his back.A. being tiedB. having tiedC. to be tiedD. tied分析:本题考查过去分词在with的复合结构中做宾语补足语的用法。
宾语补足语七种类型英语举例
宾语补足语是英语语法中的一种重要结构,它通常在动词和宾语之间添加一个形容词或副词来进一步描述宾语的状态或行为。
以下是七种常见的宾语补足语类型及其英语举例:
形容词作宾语补足语:
例句:I painted the house blue.(我把房子涂成蓝色。
)
副词作宾语补足语:
例句:He put the book back on the shelf.(他把书放回到书架上。
)介词短语作宾语补足语:
例句:I found the book on the table.(我在桌子上找到了这本书。
)动词不定式作宾语补足语:
例句:She asked me to help her with the task.(她让我帮她完成任务。
)
现在分词作宾语补足语:
例句:They saw the boys playing football.(他们看到男孩们在踢足球。
)
过去分词作宾语补足语:
例句:I heard the door locked.(我听到门被锁上了。
)
名词作宾语补足语:
例句:We elected him president.(我们选他为总统。
)
这些是七种常见的宾语补足语类型,每种都有不同的用法和特点。
理解这些结构可以帮助更好地掌握英语语法。
一、分词做宾语补足语二、教学目标:1. 让学生理解分词做宾语补足语的概念和用法;2. 培养学生正确运用分词做宾语补足语的能力;3. 提高学生对英语语法的综合运用能力。
三、教学内容:1. 分词做宾语补足语的定义和用法;2. 分词做宾语补足语的常见结构;3. 分词做宾语补足语的注意事项。
四、教学过程:1. 导入:通过一个简单的句子让学生感受分词做宾语补足语的用法;2. 新课讲解:详细讲解分词做宾语补足语的定义、用法和常见结构;3. 实例分析:分析一些常见的分词做宾语补足语的例子,让学生加深理解;4. 练习环节:设计一些练习题,让学生巩固所学知识;5. 总结讲解:对分词做宾语补足语的注意事项进行讲解;6. 课堂作业:布置一些相关的作业,让学生进一步巩固所学知识。
五、教学评价:1. 课后收集学生的作业,评估学生对分词做宾语补足语的掌握程度;2. 在下一节课开始时,让学生进行一个小测验,检验他们对分词做宾语补足语的掌握情况;3. 观察学生在课堂上的表现,了解他们在实际运用中是否存在问题,及时进行针对性的辅导。
六、教学步骤:1. 回顾上节课的内容,检查学生对分词做宾语补足语的理解程度;2. 讲解分词做宾语补足语的常见结构,如“分词+名词/代词+介词短语”等;3. 通过实例分析,让学生了解分词做宾语补足语在实际句子中的运用;4. 设计一些练习题,让学生进行分组练习,互相纠正和指导;5. 总结本节课的主要内容,强调分词做宾语补足语的注意事项。
七、巩固练习:1. 设计一些选择题,让学生判断句子中分词做宾语补足语的正确与否;2. 让学生自己造句,运用分词做宾语补足语,并互相交流和评价;3. 挑选一些学生的句子,进行集体讲评和修改。
八、拓展学习:1. 讲解分词做宾语补足语在特定语境下的用法,如被动语态、进行时态等;2. 引导学生思考分词做宾语补足语在其他语法知识点中的运用,如情态动词、助动词等;3. 推荐一些相关的学习资源,让学生课后进行自主学习。
一、介绍分词做宾语补足语的概念分词作宾语补足语是指动词的宾语后面使用分词结构来充当宾语的补充说明,起到补充说明宾语的作用。
这种结构在汉语中十分常见,也是高级汉语语法中的重要内容之一。
二、分词做宾语补足语的形式与用法1. 形式:一般来说,分词做宾语补足语的形式包括动词的现在分词和过去分词。
“我看到他正在吃饭”中的“正在吃”就是分词做宾语补足语的形式。
2. 用法:分词作宾语补足语的主要作用是为了补充说明宾语的状态,行为或特征。
它可以表示宾语的动作状态、进行状态、完成状态、被动状态等。
“我看到他吃完了饭”中的“吃完了”表示宾语的动作已经完成。
三、分词做宾语补足语的常见结构1. 动词+宾语+分词,如“我看到他吃饭”中的“吃”是动词,“饭”是宾语,“吃”和“饭”之间的关系由分词“吃”来表达。
2. 宾语+被/给+动词+分词,如“我把作业写完了”中的“作业”是宾语,“写”是动词,“完”是分词。
3. 宾语+动词+分词+宾补,如“她听到他唱的歌”中的“他唱的”是动词“听”的宾补。
四、分词做宾语补足语的语法特点1. 分词做宾语补足语是中文语法的一个重要特点之一,通过使用分词可以丰富句子的表达方式,增强语言的表现力。
2. 分词做宾语补足语可以根据需要自由组合,灵活运用,使句子更加准确、生动、优美。
3. 分词作宾语补足语的使用不受语法规则限制,有时在口语和书面语中都可以见到,属于比较灵活的语法现象。
五、分词做宾语补足语的语法功能1. 补充说明宾语的动作或状态,使句子更加完整、清晰。
2. 丰富句子的表达方式,增强语言的表现力。
3. 帮助表达说话者对宾语的态度、看法或评价。
六、分词做宾语补足语的实际运用1. 分词做宾语补足语在汉语口语和书面语中都有广泛的运用,是一个很常见的语法结构。
2. 在日常生活中,我们经常会用到分词作宾语补足语的结构,比如“我看见他坐在公园里休息”、“我听到他说的话”。
3. 由于分词做宾语补足语有很强的表达能力,因此在文学作品、新闻报道、广告宣传等领域也都有着广泛的运用。
现在分词做宾语补足语现在分词在句子中可用作宾语补足语,其结构为:主语+谓语+宾语+现在分词(即宾语补足语)使用此结构要特别注意:句子中的宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是主动关系,并不是所有的动词都可以跟宾语加现在分词作宾语补足语掌握现在分词作宾语补足语的结构要注意下面的五点一感官动词+宾语+现在分词,现在分词做宾语补足语,表示动作正在进行例如:He saw her working in the garden.他看见她正在花园里干活分析:He在句子中做主语,saw作谓语,her作宾语,划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语请看下面的句子,working in the garden宾语补足语I heard a bell ringing.我听见铃在响I could feel the wind blowing on my face.我能感觉至U风吹着我的脸高中范围内,适用于感官动词+宾语+现在分词的结构,现在分词作宾语补足语常用的动词有:feel, find, hear, notice, observe, see, watch 等在listen to和look at后面也可跟宾语+现在分词(即宾语补足语)例如:Sometimes she would listen to him playing the saxophone. 有时她会听他吹奏萨克斯管She looked at him waiting there.她瞧着他等在那里二使役动词+宾语+分词,现在分词在句子中作宾语补足语例如:His question has set me thinking.他的问题让我深思分析:His question在句子中做主语,has set作谓语,me 作宾语,划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语请看下面的句子,thinking做宾语补足语The arrival of the police sent the robbers running away quickM警察的到来使强盗们四处逃窜The peasants had the tractor working day and night at the harvest time.农忙时,农民们让拖拉机夜以继日地干活The captain got the soldiers moving towards the front after a short rest.休息片刻之后,上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进起来高中范围内,适用于使役动词+宾语+现在分词的结构,现在分词在句子中作宾语补足语常用的动词有:make ,get,have, keep, leave, send, set等三上述两种结构可变为被动形式例如:He was found lying on the floor.有人发现他躺在地上分析:He在句子中做主语,was found作谓语,使用了被动语态,lying on the floor做宾语补足语请看下面的句子,划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语He was seen sitting in a caf 6.有人看见他坐在一家咖啡馆里The papers were left lying around.文件散落了一地四现在分词不定式作宾语补足语的区别feel,find,hear,notice,observe,see,watch 等感官动词,既可以跟现在分词也可以跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语现在分词作句子中的宾语补足语,表示动作正在进行;不带to 的不定式作句子中的宾语补足语,表示动作的完成试比较下面句子:He saw her working in the garden.(She was working in the garden.)他看见她在花园里干活He saw her enter the room.(She entered the room.)他看见她走进屋子使役动词get,have既可以跟现在分词也可以跟不定式作宾语补足语get sb to do/have sb do sth表示使/让/叫某人去做某事,侧重动作的结果;have sb/sth doing表示使/让某人/ 物持续地做某事,侧重动作的持续;get sb/sth doing表示使某人/物开始行动起来,侧重动作的开始试比较下面的句子:Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.母亲让我到商店买一些盐I cant get him to stop smoking.He wont listen to me.我不能使他戒烟他不听我的话The mother had the boy cleaning the room the whole afternoon.(母亲让这个男孩整个下午清理房间)I cant get the car starting.(我不能把车发动起来)五现在分词有时用被动形式作宾语补足语,其结构为动词+ 宾语+being done例如:I saw him being carried away on a stretcher.我看见他被人用担架抬走分析:I在句子中做主语,saw作谓语,him作宾语,划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语请看下面的句子,划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语One could hear all kinds of things being discussed there.你可以听到那里在谈论的问题五花八门,无所不有高中范围内,适用于动词+宾语+being done的结构,现在分词作宾语补足语常用的动词有:feel, find, hear, notice, see, watch 等练习:选择最佳答案1 .---Why did you go back to the shop---I left my friend there.(2002上海)A.waitingB.to waitC.waitD.waits2 .A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ___ in the kitchen.(2003北京春)A.smokeB.smokingC.to smokeD.smoked3 .He looked around and caught a man ___ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.(2004北京春)A.putB.to be puttingC.to putD.putting4 .Dont leave the water ___ while you brush your teeth.(2004天津)A.runB.runningC.being runD.to run答案:1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B★过去分词作宾语补足语请看一道高考题:The murderer was brought in, with his hands behind his back.A. being tiedB. having tiedC. to be tiedD. tied分析:本题考查过去分词在with的复合结构中做宾语补足语的用法。
现在分词作宾语补足语
现在分词一般来说可以作时间、条件、原因、让步、结果、方式、伴随状语等等。
例句:1,walking in the street,i saw hi当我在街上走时,我看到他了.(时间)
2,working hard,you will succeed.(只要)努力工作,你就会成功.(条件)。
现在分词(英语:present participle),是分词的一种,分词又分为现在分词和过去分词,它们都是非限定动词。
现在分词在句子里面无法当好谓语,但能够当好其它的一些成分(定语、未来式、宾语补齐语、状语),并且它们具备动词的性质(可以存有自己的宾语和状语),所以又就是类动词的一种。
现在分词可以表示主动或正在进行的动作,这往往与过去分词相区别。
两个基本特点
1. 在时间上
则表示动作正在展开。
比如: a developing country. 一个发展中的国家,
boiling water 沸水, rising sun 冉冉升起的太阳。
(先行比较: a developed country 一个发达国家, boiled water沸水, risen sun飘扬的太阳)
2. 在语态上
则表示主动。
比如: the ruling class 统治阶级, the exploiting class 剥削阶级。
(先行比较: the ruled class 被统治阶级, the exploited class被剥削阶级)。
宾语补足语七种类型及要点宾语补足语七种类型:名词做宾语补足语,形容词做宾语补足语,介词短语做宾语补足语,动名词短语做宾语补足语,不定式做宾语补足语,过去分词做宾语补足语,副词做宾语补足语。
1.名词作宾语补足语例如:We call her Goldilocks.我没叫他小金锁。
2.形容词作宾语补足语例如:My work keeps me busy.我的工作叫我忙个不停。
3.介词短语作宾语补足语例如:I left a case on the train.我落了个箱子在火车上。
4.动名词短语作宾语补足语例如:Don't keep me waiting too long.不要让我怎么样、5.不定式作宾语补足语例如:I asked him to help me.我要他帮我。
6.过去分词作宾语补足语例如:Could you make yourself understood?你能让自己被理解吗?7.副词作宾语补足语例如:Don't let your parents down.不要让你的父母失望。
宾语补足语适用类型:1.在表示心理状态的动词后作宾语补足语。
这类动词有:consider,think,believe,discover,find,imagine,judge,suppose,prove等。
这类动词后的不定式通常是“to be+形容词或名词”结构,think,consider,find后的to be常可省略。
例如:We consider him (to be) a good teacher.我们认为他是一个好老师。
2.在表示情感状态的动词后作宾语补足语。
这类动词有:love,like,prefer,hate,want,wish,expect等。
例如:I'd prefer you to leave him alone.我希望你不要打扰他。
3.注意:hope,demand,suggest等动词后面不能接不定式作宾语补足语。
过去分词作宾语补足语例句过去分词作宾语补足语是英语语法中的一种常见结构,用于补充说明宾语的状态或特征。
下面是十个例句,展示了过去分词作宾语补足语的用法和意义。
1. The cake was eaten by the children. (蛋糕被孩子们吃掉了)2. The book was written by a famous author. (这本书是一位著名作家写的)3. The window was broken by a stray baseball. (窗户被一只流浪的棒球打碎了)4. The car was repaired by a skilled mechanic. (这辆车被一位熟练的机械师修理了)5. The house was built in the 19th century. (这座房子是在19世纪建造的)6. The computer was fixed by a technician. (电脑被一位技术员修好了)7. The letter was written in blue ink. (这封信是用蓝色墨水写的)8. The table was set with fine china. (这张桌子上放着精美的瓷器)9. The picture was painted by a famous artist. (这幅画是一位著名艺术家创作的)10. The problem was solved by a team of experts. (这个问题被一组专家解决了)以上例句中,过去分词作为宾语补足语,进一步说明了宾语的状态或特征。
根据句子的语境,过去分词的形式有时会发生变化(如过去分词前加上助动词“be”),以表达不同的时态或语态。
过去分词作宾语补足语的用法在英语中非常常见,掌握好这种结构的用法能够帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思。
考点剖析非谓语动词的三种形式当中,动名词不可作宾语补足语,动词不定式、分词可用来作宾语补足语,说明宾语的情况。
可按照这样的结构进行记忆:主语+谓语+人或物+非谓语动词(分词/动词不定式)。
一、分词作宾语补足语分词有现在分词(doing)与过去分词(done)两种形式,都可作宾语补足语。
现在分词表主动意义,而过去分词表被动意义,这是二者在语态上的区别;现在分词表动作正在进行,而过去分词表动作已经完成,这是二者在时间上的区别。
解答此类试题的关键是:找到句子中的宾语,判断宾语与作宾补的动词所形成的是何种逻辑关系,若形成主动关系,就用现在分词表进行、主动之意;若形成被动关系,就用过去分词表完成、被动的意义。
分词作宾语补足语时,句子的谓语动词通常是感官动词或使役动词。
常见的感官动词有hear,see,feel,find,notice,watch等;常见的使役动词有have,leave,make,get等。
在这两类动词后作宾语补足语时,现在分词表主动、进行,过去分词表被动、完成。
例1:...you see them(orange trees)...65(deco-rate)with red...(2020年全国II卷)解析:decorated。
根据上下文的句意可知,them指代上文中出现过的orange trees,提示词decorate与orange trees之间形成逻辑上的动宾关系,故本题用提示词的过去分词作宾语them的补足语。
例2:The tiger has its teeth__________(design)forcutting its prey.解析:designed。
分析句子结构可知,its teeth与design之间构成动宾关系,故用提示词design的过去分词形式作宾语its teeth的补足语。
二、动词不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾语补足语时,主要有两种用法。
1.动词+宾语(人或物)+不加to的动词不定式这类动词常见的是感官动词,如see,notice等,与使役动词,如make,have,let等。
分词分词作宾语补足语。
1.现在分词和过去分词都可以作宾语补足语。
在5看(look at, see, watch, notice, observe);3使(make, let, have);2听(listen to, hear);1感觉(fell)。
,此外find, catch, keep, have.I heard a girl crying next door.I heard someone knocking at the door.He kept me waiting for a long time.I saw Tom entering the room.I found my key lost.I found the boy beaten black and blue.He made himself understood.John will get his room painted.Exercises1:1) I heard my name ________________ ( call).2) His voice was too low to make himself ________________(hear) .3) We found the eggs_________________( eat) by the snake.4) You’d better have/get your hair ______________ ( cut).5) I had my left arm________________(break) yesterday.ExercisesII:141. She was glad to see her child well __________.A. take care ofB. taken care ofC. taken careD. taking care of142. Why do you stand and watch the milk __________.A. boilingB. boiledC. from boilingD. having been boiled 143. I’ve heard him __________ about you often. A. spoke B. speaking C. speak D. to speak 144. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word __________.A. speakingB. spokenC. speakD. being spoken145. Walking along the river, we heard someone __________ for help.A. shoutingB. shoutC. shoutedD. having shouted146. I held the little bird in my hand and felt its heart __________.A. jumpingB. beatingC. bumpingD. knocking147. ---“Do you smell anything unusual?” ---“Yes. I can smell something __________.”A. burningB. is burningC. having burntD. burn148. Why do you have the water __________ all the time?A. ranB. to be runningC. runningD. being running149. Ellen was absent this morning because she had her tooth __________.A. fillingB. having been filledC. filledD. full150. I can’t ______ you running up and down all day long. A. permit B. let C. have D. allow 151. Is there anything you want from town? I’m going to get __________.A. those letters mailedB. mailed lettersC. to mailed those lettersD. those letters mail 152. The teacher got the students __________ all the words they didn’t know.A. looked upB. looking inC. to look upD. look at153. What did the school master want __________ to the noisy children?A. doingB. to doC. doneD. did154. They wanted the work _______with great care. A. to have done B. to be done C. doing D. to do 155. I need this chapter _______ before tomorrow. A. rewriting B. rewritten C. rewrite D. to write again156. Having read the Emperor’s New Clothes, we all found it __________.A. interestB. interestedC. interestingD. to interest157. When she returned home, she found the window open and something __________.A. to stealB. losingC. missedD. stolen158. My hometown is found __________.A. complete changingB. having completely changedC. completely changepletely changed 159. We found many people __________ in the meeting room.A. seatB. seatingC. to seatD. seated160. There was so much noise that the speaker could not make himself _________.A. being heardB. heardC. hearingD. hear161. Because of my poor English I’m afraid I can’t make myself _________.A. understandB. be understoodC. understoodD. understanding162. Don’t let him __________ you __________ for a long time.A. to make, waitB. make, to waitC. make, waitD. to make, to wait163. He kept me __________ for many hours.A. to waitB. having been waitedC. waitingD. waited164. Mother caught the boy _____in the corner. A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoking D. being smoked 165. John left his coat __________ on the sofa.. A. laying B. lying C. laid D. lain答案:141-145 BACBA 146-150 BACCC 151-155 ACCBB156-160 CDDDB 161-165 CCCCB分词做状语主动被动1) 一般式writing being written2) 完成式having written having been written1. Feeling tired, Tom went to bed early.2. Not wanting to wake her, Steve left the house silently3. Having finished his homework, he went out.4. Asked by my mother, I was eager to help her solve the snake problem.5. Having been told many times, she still can’t remember it.6. Given more time, I can do it better现在分词或分词短语做状语时,也可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随状况等.其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致,有时with\without +名词或代词宾格+分词也可以表示伴随状况如: While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. (时间)The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students. (方式)He sent me an e-mail, hoping to get further information.(伴随)分词作时间状语,如果先与主动词的动作,且强调先后,要用having done。
分词分词作宾语补足语。
1.现在分词和过去分词都可以作宾语补足语。
在5看(look at, see, watch, notice, observe);3使(make, let, have);2听(listen to, hear);1感觉(fell)。
,此外find, catch, keep, have.I heard a girl crying next door.I heard someone knocking at the door.He kept me waiting for a long time.I saw Tom entering the room.I found my key lost.I found the boy beaten black and blue.¥He made himself understood.John will get his room painted.Exercises1:1) I heard my name ________________ ( call).2) His voice was too low to make himself ________________(hear) .3) We found the eggs_________________( eat) by the snake.4) You’d better have/get your hair ______________ ( cut).5) I had my left arm________________(break) yesterday.ExercisesII:141. She was glad to see her child well __________.—A. take care ofB. taken care ofC. taken careD. taking care of142. Why do you stand and watch the milk __________.A. boilingB. boiledC. from boilingD. having been boiled143. I’ve heard him __________ about you often. A. sp oke B. speaking C. speak D. to speak 144. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word __________.A. speakingB. spokenC. speakD. being spoken145. Walking along the river, we heard someone __________ for help.A. shoutingB. shoutC. shoutedD. having shouted146. I held the little bird in my hand and felt its heart __________.A. jumpingB. beatingC. bumpingD. knocking:147. ---“Do you smell anything unusual” ---“Yes. I can smell something __________.”A. burningB. is burningC. having burntD. burn148. Why do you have the water __________ all the timeA. ranB. to be runningC. runningD. being running149. Ellen was absent this morning because she had her tooth __________.A. fillingB. having been filledC. filledD. full150. I can’t ______ you running up and down all day long. A. permit B. let C. have D. allow 151. Is there anything you want from town I’m going to get __________.A. those letters mailedB. mailed lettersC. to mailed those lettersD. those letters mail 152. The teacher got the students __________ all the words they didn’t know.、A. looked upB. looking inC. to look upD. look at153. What did the school master want __________ to the noisy childrenA. doingB. to doC. doneD. did154. They wanted the work _______with great care. A. to have done B. to be done C. doing D. to do155. I need this chapter _______ before tomorrow. A. rewriting B. rewritten C. rewrite D. to write again156. Having read the Emperor’s New Clothes, we all found it __________.A. interestB. interestedC. interestingD. to interest157. When she returned home, she found the window open and something __________.A. to stealB. losingC. missedD. stolen158. My hometown is found __________.:A. complete changingB. having completely changedC. completely change changed159. We found many people __________ in the meeting room.A. seatB. seatingC. to seatD. seated160. There was so much noise that the speaker could not make himself _________.A. being heardB. heardC. hearingD. hear161. Because of my poor English I’m afraid I can’t make myself _________.A. understandB. be understoodC. understoodD. understanding162. Don’t let him __________ you __________ for a long time.A. to make, waitB. make, to waitC. make, waitD. to make, to wait163. He kept me __________ for many hours.#A. to waitB. having been waitedC. waitingD. waited164. Mother caught the boy _____in the corner. A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoking D. being smoked165. John left his coat __________ on the sofa.. A. laying B. lying C. laid D. lain答案:141-145 BACBA 146-150 BACCC 151-155 ACCBB156-160 CDDDB 161-165 CCCCB分词做状语主动被动1) 一般式writing being written&2) 完成式having written having been written1. Feeling tired, Tom went to bed early.2. Not wanting to wake her, Steve left the house silently3. Having finished his homework, he went out.4. Asked by my mother, I was eager to help her solve the snake problem.5. Having been told many times, she still can’t remember it.6. Given more time, I can do it better现在分词或分词短语做状语时,也可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随状况等.其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致,有时with\without +名词或代词宾格+分词也可以表示伴随状况如: While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. (时间)The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students. (方式)《He sent me an e-mail, hoping to get further information.(伴随)分词作时间状语,如果先与主动词的动作,且强调先后,要用having done。
如:Having answered the letter, she went on to listen to the radio.Having been criticized by the teacher, Li Ming gave up smoking .注意:如果是否定句,not 一般放在句首,如:Not having received his reply, he decided to write again.分词做状语时有时可在其前面加上while、when 、if 、even if 、although 、once、unless等连词,使用何种分词仍然取决于与主语的关系,主动关系用现在分词,被动关系用过去分词.如:While staying in Beijing , I visited some of my friends .Unless invited, I will not attend his party.Although working very hard, he couldn't satisfy his boss.%分词短语作状语时,通常与主句中的主语在逻辑上一致,一般来说,句子的主语应是分词的逻辑主语,不然,就会出现不一致的情况但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语,这种结构称为独立主格结构。