英语语法:复合句一
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复合句六个句型【最新版】目录一、引言:介绍复合句的定义和重要性二、复合句的六个基本句型1.并列复合句2.标点符号复合句3.主从复合句4.独立主格复合句5.动词不定式复合句6.介词复合句三、每个句型的特点和用法详解四、总结:复合句在英语中的重要性和应用场景正文一、引言复合句是英语语法中的重要组成部分,它是由两个或多个简单句通过一定的连词或者标点符号组合而成的句子。
掌握复合句的构成和用法对于英语的学习和应用至关重要。
本文将详细介绍复合句的六个基本句型,希望能帮助大家更好地理解和运用复合句。
二、复合句的六个基本句型1.并列复合句:由两个或多个简单句用并列连词(如 and, but, or 等)连接而成。
例如:I like apples and oranges.(我喜欢苹果和橙子。
)2.标点符号复合句:由两个或多个简单句用逗号、分号等标点符号分隔而成。
例如:I like apples, and oranges are my favorite.(我喜欢苹果,橙子是我的最爱。
)3.主从复合句:由一个主句和一个从句组成,从句通常由连词(如that, whether 等)或疑问词(如 what, how, why 等)引导。
例如:What he said is true.(他说的是真的。
)4.独立主格复合句:由一个独立主格结构和一个主句组成,独立主格结构通常由名词或代词 + 现在分词或过去分词构成。
例如:The window being open, the room is very cold.(窗户开着,房间很冷。
)5.动词不定式复合句:由一个主句和一个由动词不定式引导的从句组成。
例如:To learn English well, you need to practice more.(要学好英语,你需要多练习。
)6.介词复合句:由一个主句和一个由介词引导的从句组成。
例如:With the help of my teacher, I passed the exam.(在老师的帮助下,我通过了考试。
英语语法中的复合句语法是语言学的重要组成部分,而在英语语法中,复合句是一个不可避免的话题。
复合句是由两个或两个以上的子句组成的句子。
这些子句之间具有某种关系,从而形成了一个复合句。
在这篇文章中,我们将探讨复合句的不同类型及其用法。
引导连接词复合句由两个或多个子句构成,这些子句之间需要引导连接词以标明它们之间的关系。
引导连接词可以是从属连词、关系代词、关系副词、连词、和其他连接词。
从属连词包括:that、whether、if、unless、as、while、when、since、until、as soon as、although、because、before、even if、even though、though、where、wherever、and whereas。
这些从属连词用来引导从句来描述主句,从而形成一个复合句。
关系代词包括:that、which、who、whom、和whose。
关系代词用来引导一个子句,并将其与前面的句子相关联。
它们用来描述一个名词或代词,并给出更多的细节。
关系副词包括:where、when、和why。
这些关系副词用于连接子句并用来引导一个从句,以便给出更多的信息。
例如:- The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister.- I love to watch movies when I have free time.- He told me that he had never been to Paris before.复合句的种类主从复合句主从复合句包括一个主句和至少一个从句。
主句是最基本的句子类型,而从句是一个不能独立存在的句子。
从句的存在是为了在句子中提供更多的细节或补充信息。
例如:- I will go to the library after I finish my homework.- Although it’s raining, I will still go to the beach.可以看到,这两个句子都包括一个主句和一个或多个从句。
英语基础概念:主句+从句=复合句1有关概念由一个主句和一个或一个以上从句构成的句子叫做复合句。
所谓主句,就是在复合句中起统领作用的句子,它是全句的主体,通常可以独立存在;而从句则是复合句的一个句子成分,不能独立存在。
如:You’ll feel better after you take the pills. 吃完药丸后你会感到好一些。
The police learned that he wasn’t there at that time. 警察获知他那时不在场。
这两句都是复合句,第一句的主句是You’ll feel better,从句是after you take the pills,由after引导,在整个复合句中用作状语,表示时间;第二句的主句是The police learned是主句,that he wasn’t there at that time是从句,由that引导,在整个复合句中用作宾语。
注意,英语的复合句不是简单句的反面,不要将它误解为“复杂句”。
事实上,英语的简单句有时也可以比较“复杂”,而复合句也可以比较“简单”。
如:He stopped because he was tired. 他停下来是因为他累了。
这个句子比较“简单”,却是一个典型的复合句,其中的he stopped是主句,because he was tired是从句,在复合句中用作状语,表示原因。
2从句的分类前面我们说到从句是整个复合句的一个句子成分,它可以用作主语、宾语、定语、状语等。
一般说来,一个从句在复合句充当什么成分我们就叫它为什么从句——从句在复合句用作主语,我们就叫它为主语从句;从句在复合句用作宾语,我们就叫它为宾语从句;从句在复合句用作状语,我们就叫它为状语从句;等等。
如:He answered that he knew nothing about it. 他回答说他不知情。
The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦的是我把他的地址丢了。
初二常规班杨静老师____________________________________________________________________________________________初中英语语法---复合句本部分内容是中考中必考及常考考点。
考点详解:从句的概念:一个句子在另一个句子中充当成分,充当什么成分就做什么状语。
一、宾语从句1、宾语从句的引导词➢宾语从句是陈述句时,常用that引导,that无意义,在口语中和非正式与中常省略。
如:The teacher tells us (that) we will have an English test tomorrow.➢如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来,其引导词用if或whether。
一般情况下,二者可以通用,但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时,只用whether。
如:I don’t know if\whether she will come here.Sorry, I don’t know whether he will come or not➢宾语从句是特殊疑问词时,引导词就是特殊疑问词。
如:Could you tell me where the post office is ?The teacher asked the students what they were doing.2、宾语从句的时态➢主句的时态是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。
如:Do you know who was talking with at 8 o’clock last night?➢主句的时态为一般过去时,从句的谓语动词要用相应的某一过去时态。
如:初二常规班杨静老师____________________________________________________________________________________________ He told me that he had been to England twice.➢从句表示的是客观真理、普遍现象,自然现象时,从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。
复合句是指由两个或两个以上的简单句通过连词连接而成的句子。
在初中英语中,复合句是比较常见的语法知识点之一。
以下是复合句的讲解及例句:1. 宾语从句:宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用,可分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
- 动词的宾语从句:We believe that he is honest.(我们相信他是诚实的。
)- 介词的宾语从句:The doctor insists that I give up smoking.(医生坚持要我戒烟。
)- 形容词的宾语从句:I am sure that he will succeed.(我确信他会成功。
)2. 状语从句:状语从句在句子中作状语,可分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句等。
- 时间状语从句:When the bell rang, the students stopped talking.(铃声响时,学生们停止了谈话。
)- 条件状语从句:If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们将待在家里。
)- 原因状语从句:Since you are free today, you can help me with my homework.(既然你今天有空,你可以帮我做作业。
)- 结果状语从句:He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.(他太累了,以至于立即就睡着了。
)- 目的状语从句:He studies hard so that he can pass the exam.(他努力学习以便能通过考试。
)- 让步状语从句:Though he is young, he knows a lot.(虽然他很年轻,但他懂得很多。
)3. 定语从句:定语从句在句子中作定语,修饰一个名词或代词。
英语语法的复合句和复杂句结构英语作为国际通用语言,其语法结构的复杂性是毋庸置疑的。
其中,复合句和复杂句是最为普遍的句子结构类型。
复合句和复杂句相较于简单句,其语法结构更加丰富,可以使得句子表达的含义更加深入、精确。
本文将介绍复合句和复杂句的基本构成和语法规则,帮助读者更好地掌握英语语法。
一、复合句1.基本构成复合句是由两个或以上的分句构成的,分句之间是通过连词、分号或冒号等标点符号进行连接的。
其中,一个分句是主句,其余的分句是从句。
主句和从句的关系可以是并列、转折、条件、因果等。
以下是一些常见的复合句结构:(1). 并列复合句并列复合句是由两个或以上的并列分句构成的,这些分句之间的关系是平等的,通常用and、or、but等连词进行连接。
例如:I like reading novels, and my sister prefers watching movies.(我喜欢看小说,而我姐姐更喜欢看电影。
)(2). 转折复合句转折复合句由两个分句构成,其中一个分句表达主要的观点,而另一个分句则表达相反、对立的观点。
通常用but、however、although等连词进行连接。
例如:He is very talented, but he lacks confidence.(他很有才华,但缺乏自信。
)(3). 条件复合句条件复合句由两个分句构成,其中一个分句表达条件,另一个分句表达结果。
常用if、unless、whether等连词进行连接。
例如:If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我就会呆在家里。
)2.语法规则在复合句中,主句和从句之间的语句结构和语序可能会不同于简单句。
以下是一些复合句的常规语法规则:(1). 宾语从句宾语从句是一个直接作用于主句谓语动词的从句,通常出现在主句的宾语位置上。
例如:I know that he is coming tomorrow.(我知道他明天要来。
高中英语语法复合句讲解英语的复合句一样分为三大类型:名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。
(一)名词性从句在整个复合句中起名词作用,充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语等的各种从句,统称为名词性从句。
名词性从句要紧有以下几种:1. that 引导的从句 e.g. It is reported that one third of Gua ngzhou citizens plan to buy a private car. (据报道,三分之一的广州市民打算购买私家车。
)2. whether/if 引导的从句 e.g. Whether motorcycles should be banned in Guangzhou has become an issue of controversy.(广州是否禁摩托车成了有争议的话题。
)3. how/why/when/where引导的从句 e.g. This essay aims to ex plore why so many white collar workers suffer from insomnia. (本文将探讨什么缘故这么多白领失眠的缘故。
)4. who/whom/whose/what/which引导的从句 e.g. Who should be responsible for the environmental degradation is still unknown.(谁对环境恶化负责还不清晰。
)(二)形容词性从句具有形容词功能,在复合句中做定语的从句被称之为形容词性从句或定语从句。
被修饰的名词、词组或代词被称为先行词。
形容词性从句分为两种类型:(1)由关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which, as引导的从句。
例如: People who are strongly against human cloning claim that it is im moral and unethical. (强烈反对克隆人的人们认为如此做不道德和不合伦理)(2)由关系副词when, where, why引导的从句。
英语语法中的复合句结构分析引言:语法是语言的基础,它规定了语言的结构和规则。
在英语学习中,理解和掌握语法是非常重要的一部分。
本文将重点探讨英语语法中的复合句结构,帮助读者更好地理解和运用这一知识点。
一、什么是复合句复合句是由两个或更多个句子组成的句子。
它们通过连接词或连接词组进行连接。
复合句可以包含主从句或并列句,通过不同的句子结构和连接词的使用,表达出不同的意思和关系。
二、主从句的结构主从句是复合句的一种形式,由一个主句和一个或多个从句组成。
主从句之间有一定的层次关系,从句在句子中充当一个整体,作为主句的一部分。
1. 名词性从句名词性从句可以在句子中充当名词的角色,作为主句的主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
例如:- 主语从句:What he said is true.(他说的是真的。
)- 宾语从句:I know that he is coming.(我知道他要来。
)- 表语从句:The fact is that she is leaving.(事实是她要离开。
)- 同位语从句:The news that he won the prize is exciting.(他获奖的消息令人兴奋。
)2. 定语从句定语从句用来修饰名词或代词,给出更多的信息和限定。
例如:- The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的书非常有趣。
)- The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister.(穿红裙子的女孩是我妹妹。
)3. 状语从句状语从句用来修饰主句,表达时间、原因、条件、目的等关系。
例如:- When the sun sets, it gets dark.(太阳落山时,天就黑了。
)- Because it was raining, we stayed at home.(因为下雨,我们呆在家里。
)- If you study hard, you will pass the exam.(如果你努力学习,你会通过考试。
英语复合句的用法及解题技巧【摘要】英语复合句在英语语法中起着至关重要的作用,掌握复合句的使用能够提高学习者的英语能力。
本文将从什么是英语复合句、英语复合句的分类、连接词的使用、语法结构以及解题技巧等方面展开讨论。
通过深入理解复合句的结构和使用方法,可以帮助学习者更好地理解和运用它们。
掌握复合句的使用方法不仅有助于提高写作能力,还能使阅读更加流畅和连贯。
本文强调了掌握英语复合句对英语学习的重要性,并总结了学习方法。
深入研究和掌握英语复合句的使用将有助于提高学习者对英语语言的运用能力,使表达更加准确和自如。
【关键词】英语复合句、重要性、分类、连接词、语法结构、解题技巧、提高英语能力、写作、阅读、学习方法。
1. 引言1.1 英语复合句的重要性英语复合句在英语语法中占据着重要的地位,它是由两个或多个简单句子通过适当的连接词或标点符号组合而成的句子结构。
复合句能够使句子更加丰富多变,表达更加准确精细的语义内容,增加句子的信息量,提升整体语言表达的深度和广度。
英语复合句的重要性主要体现在以下几个方面:它能够帮助我们表达更加复杂的思想和意义,使句子不再那么呆板单调,而是更具逻辑性和连贯性。
复合句可以用来表达因果关系、条件关系、让步关系等各种句子关系,使句子之间的逻辑关联更加清晰明了。
复合句还可以帮助我们更好地理解和阅读复杂的文本,提高阅读能力和语言理解能力。
掌握英语复合句的用法对于提高英语能力具有重要意义,不仅可以使我们在写作中表达得更加准确丰富,还可以在阅读和理解他人的文章时更加得心应手。
英语学习者应该重视对复合句的学习和掌握,切实提高语言表达和理解能力。
2. 正文2.1 什么是英语复合句Compound sentences are commonly used in English to express complex ideas and to connect related thoughts or actions. By combining independent clauses, writers can create more sophisticated and nuanced sentences that convey a greater depth of meaning.For example, consider the following compound sentence:2.2 英语复合句的分类英语复合句可根据结构和功能进行分类。
语法专项——复合句【复合句综述】复合句含有两个或两个以上主谓结构,其中一个主谓结构作另一个的成分。
(而并列句的两个主谓结构间是并列关系,而不是从属关系)。
复合句包含一个主句从句和一个或几个从句的句子,从句包含名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句等。
当简单句的一个成分从词或词组变为句子时,整个句子就成为复合句了。
一、如何判断复合句1.What he said is wrong.(what he said,是一个主谓结构,he为主语,said为谓语,what是宾语。
What he said is wrong. 是另外一个主谓结构。
What he said作主语,is wrong系表结构作谓语。
因此,本句是复合句。
What he said 是名词性从句作主语)。
2.The boy who is wearing a hat is my brother.(The boy is my brother.是一个主谓结构who is wearing a hat也是一个主谓结构,作了前一个主谓结构中主语the boy的定语。
因此本句是复合句。
3.I was doing my homework when he came in.(I was doing my homework是一个主谓结构,he came in也是一个主谓结构。
后面一个主谓结构作前一个的时间状语。
因此是复合句。
4.The boy over there is my brother. (只有一个主谓结构,是简单句)5. I was doing my homework at six. (只有一个主谓结构,是简单句)【小叮咛】一个句子如果出现两个主谓结构,那它就不是简单句了,要么是并列句,要么是复合句。
是并列句时要有and, so, but,等并列连词或用分号。
是复合句时也要有连接词。
总之,只用逗号而不用连接词简单的把两个主谓结构连接到一起的句子是错误的。
英语复合句的用法及解题技巧【摘要】英语复合句在英语语法中扮演着重要的角色,对于英语学习者来说,掌握复合句的用法及解题技巧是至关重要的。
本文将首先介绍什么是英语复合句,然后探讨其结构和分类。
接着,将详细解析英语复合句中常用的连接词,以及学习者容易犯的常见错误。
在将提供如何正确使用英语复合句的建议,并总结学习英语复合句的解题技巧。
通过本文的学习,读者将对英语复合句有更深入的理解,提升自己的语法水平,从而在英语学习中取得更好的成绩。
【关键词】英语复合句, 用法, 解题技巧, 结构, 分类, 连接词, 常见错误, 正确使用, 总结1. 引言1.1 英语复合句的用法及解题技巧English complex sentences are an essential part of the English language, providing writers and speakers with the ability to convey complex ideas and relationships between different parts of a sentence. In this article, we will explore the usage of English complex sentences and provide tips for solving questions related to them.Subordinating conjunctions such as 'although', 'because','while', and 'if' are commonly used to connect the independent and dependent clauses in complex sentences.2. 正文2.1 什么是英语复合句英语复合句是由一个主句和一个或多个从句组成的句子。
____________________________________________________________________________________________初中英语语法---复合句本部分内容是中考中必考及常考考点。
考点详解:从句的概念:一个句子在另一个句子中充当成分,充当什么成分就做什么状语。
1、宾语从句1、宾语从句的引导词宾语从句是陈述句时,常用that引导,that无意义,在口语中和非正式与中常省略。
如:The teacher tells us (that) we will have an English test tomorrow.如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来,其引导词用if或whether。
一般情况下,二者可以通用,但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时,只用whether。
如:I don’t know if\whether she will come here.Sorry, I don’t know whether he will come or not宾语从句是特殊疑问词时,引导词就是特殊疑问词。
如:Could you tell me where the post office is ?The teacher asked the students what they were doing.2、宾语从句的时态主句的时态是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。
如:Do you know who was talking with at 8 o’clock last night?主句的时态为一般过去时,从句的谓语动词要用相应的某一过去时态。
如:He told me that he had been to England twice.从句表示的是客观真理、普遍现象,自然现象时,从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。
如She said the sun rises in the east.3、宾语从句的语序在含有宾语从句的复合句中,宾语从句要使用陈述句语序,“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”。
复合句例句英语复合句,又称为复合结构,是由依附词和主句组成的一种句子。
它与简单句的最大区别是,简单句只有一个主谓结构,而复合句中有一或多个从句,这些从句可以有不同的句法成分,如定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句等。
在使用复合句时,需要掌握它的语法结构,以及它的依附词。
下文将举出一些复合句的例句来表明它的应用。
【例句一】 He opened the door and went in.这个句子由谓语动词opened和went组成,并以and连接,形成复合句。
【例句二】 Although she was tired, she kept running.这句话由主句she kept running和从句Although she was tired 组成,并以although开头,属于状语从句,形成复合句。
【例句三】We will go out when the rain stops.此句同样由主句We will go out和从句when the rain stops 组成,并以when开头,属于时间状语从句,形成复合句。
【例句四】He was the one who invented the pen.此句由主句He was the one和从句who invented the pen组成,并以who开头,属于定语从句,形成复合句。
以上仅仅是复合句的一些例子,实际应用中仍然有很多不同类型的复合句,它们可以更加逼真地描述一个句子,增加文字的生动性。
针对不同的句子,可以使用不同的复合句语法,以增强表达,显得更加精彩。
英语中的复合句也可以用来表达复杂的概念。
复合句的结构比简单句更强大,它可以同时起到表达几个概念的作用。
例如,如果我们想要表达“我们应该节约用水”这个概念,我们可以写出一句复合句来表达这个想法:We should conserve water while we use it.这句话同时表达了“节约用水”、“使用水”两个概念,可以在一句话中完成表达。
英语写作的复合句句型例句英语写作的复合句句型例句复合句分为并列复合句compound sentence(也称并列句)和主从或从属复合句complex sentence(也称复杂句),并列复合句compound sentence是有并列连词:and、or、but连接;从属复合句complex sentence由一个主句(Principal Clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(Subordinate Clause)构成。
下面是店铺整理的英语写作的复合句句型例句的相关内容,一起来看看吧。
英语写作的复合句句型例句1、It is quite obvious that they need more help in English.2、It is good news that she is sti3、It was hard to understand why Prof. Hardy had singled out Mary for criticism.1、Nothing could hide the fact that he is growing old.2、The fact that he works hard does not necessarily mean that he is a competent leader.3、I have a complacent feeling that I m highly intelligent.4、The explanation that he didn t see the notice is unsatisfactory./ The explanation is unsatisfactory that he didn t see the notice.5、Most of us don t agree with his view that there is no advantage in introducing the new method.6、The news soon spread throughout the country that he won the first gold medal at the 23rd Olympic Games.7、His suggestion that intelligence is a relative matter is not universally accepted./His suggestion is not universally accepted that intelligence is a relative matter.8、He seconded my motion that the vote be postponed.9、The fear that he might not be able to finish the workdisturbed him greatly./ The fear disturbed him greatly that he might not be able to finish the work.10、We expressed a hope that Mr. and Mrs. Morrison would come and visit China again.英语句型结构知识点“复合句”详解复合句复合句(Complex Sentence)由一个主句(Principal Clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(Subordinate Clause)构成。
考研英语语法大全:复合句复合句(Complex Sentence)一个主句和一个以上的从句所构成的句子称为复合句,也称为主从复合句。
复合句通常由关联词把主句和从句连接起来。
例句: Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayedmonths before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. (选自2008年Text 2)分析:该句是复合句,其中主干结构是Other models exist;that引导的定语从句修饰models,而在从句中又套了一个由where引导的定语从句修饰在where从句中,before引导的时间状语从句中有一个who引导的定语从句修饰everyone。
译文:其他存在的模式都是由以上三种模式相结合的产物。
比如延缓式广开门路的模式,前6个月只允许付费的订阅者查阅相关论文,之后,才对大众免费开放。
例句: However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is,as yet,an unanswered question. (选自2005年Text 1)分析:该句是复合句,本句中由or连接两个并列主语从句,后接系表结构is an unanswered question;定语从句that the species had 35 million years ago修饰the common ancestor。
译文:但是这种公平意识是在卷尾猴和人类身上各自独立演化而成的,还是来自于3500年前他们共同的祖先,这还是一个悬而未决的问题。
初中英语语法---复合句本部分内容是中考中必考及常考考点.考点详解:从句的概念:一个句子在另一个句子中充当成分,充当什么成分就做什么状语.一、宾语从句1、宾语从句的引导词➢宾语从句是陈述句时,常用that引导,that无意义,在口语中和非正式与中常省略.如: The teacher tells us (that) we will have an English test tomorrow.➢如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来,其引导词用if或whether.一般情况下,二者可以通用,但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时,只用whether。
如:I don’t know if\whether she will come here.Sorry, I don’t know whether he will come or not➢宾语从句是特殊疑问词时,引导词就是特殊疑问词。
如:Could you tell me where the post office is ?The teacher asked the students what they were doing.2、宾语从句的时态➢主句的时态是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。
如:Do you know who was talking with at 8 o'clock last night?➢主句的时态为一般过去时,从句的谓语动词要用相应的某一过去时态。
如:He told me that he had been to England twice。
➢从句表示的是客观真理、普遍现象,自然现象时,从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。
如She said the sun rises in the east.3、宾语从句的语序➢在含有宾语从句的复合句中,宾语从句要使用陈述句语序,“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”。
如:I want to know when the train left.➢由do,does,did构成的疑问句,在装换成宾语从句时,要去电do,does,did,且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。
复合句(一)分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。
复合句一直是四级考试的测试重点,重要考查复合句中关联词的使用。
一.名词性从句:包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,相当于名词。
I.主语从句:1.that引导,常用it作形式主语。
eg.That he survived the accident is a miracle. (It is a miracle that he survived the accident.)四种句式:1)It is + n. + that… eg. It’s a great pity that you can’t help us.2) It is + adj. +that… eg. It is surprising that she is (should be) so angry.3) It is +过去分词+ that…eg. It is reported that the number of wild animals in Africa is decreasing.但:这种句式中必须使用it作形式主语,主语从句不能提前。
4) It + 不及物动词 + that… eg. It occurred to me that I would travel to Europe.2.Wh-(疑问词)引导:what, -ever引导的从句一般不能用it作形式主语,其他的可以。
eg.How he escaped still puzzles us. (+It still puzzles us how he escaped.)Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear. (=It is yet clear who was responsible …)Whether (不能用if) he comes or not does not concern me. (=It doesn’t concern me whether …)但:What is most important in life isn’t money. Whoever wants to see the film may get a ticket free.Has it been decided where we will perform the experiment? (主语从句是疑问句时必须用形式主语)It doesn’t matter to me whether she is pleased or not. (It doesn’t matter 句式中必须用形式主语)II.宾语从句:1.that引导。
eg. They promised (us) that they would respect our privacy.但:I move that a special committee (should) be formed for this matter. (谓语表主观愿望,从句用虚拟语气)I heard it said that the meeting would be postponed. (宾语后带补语,一般用it作形式宾语)She took it for granted that you knew the matter. (固定搭配中使用形式宾语)注:doubt, doubtful引导从句时,如果主句为肯定句,连接词用whether/ if;否定或疑问,则用that连接。
I don’t doubt that he will pass the examination. I am doubtful whether I should tell the story to her.2.wh-引导:从句看似疑问,但不用倒装语序,且连接词在从句主语之前;从句可用在介词后。
eg.Scientists demand to know when and where they are wrong. I became aware of how he might feel.I will tell you why I was late for the meeting. Do you know whether/ if any decision had been arrived at?但:It is a question of whether we should go. (介词后只能用whether, 不能用if)3.介词引导:in, except, save, besides, but接that构成固定搭配;介词接形式宾语it后可带一般从句。
eg.I like this city in that (=because) I have many friends here. He would havehelped us but that he was short of money at the time. You may depend upon it that he will join our club.4.形容词(作表语)带从句。
eg. He was afraid that he would lose face. III.表语从句:必须使用在连系动词后,可用that或wh-(不表疑问,而是表示地点、时间、原因、方式等)。
eg. What I particularly dislike about this lesson is that it is really boring.This is where the great man once lived. She is no longer what she was five years ago.as if, as though, because, just as 也可引导表语从句 eg. It looks as if we will be late.It may be because I didn’t have a good sleep yesterday evening.注意:The reason why he was dismissed was that (不能用because) he was careless and irresponsible.His first question was whether (不能用if) Tom had arrived yet.IV.同位语从句:对名词做进一步解释,具体说明名词的实际内容。
1.that引导,作fact, idea, hope, conclusion, evidence, opinion, problem, understanding等的同位语。
eg.He had to face the fact that he was laid off his job. An idea occurred to him that he might go there by air.2.wh-引导。
eg. The question why should do the work requires consideration.They are faced with the problem whether (不能用if) they should continuethe work.1. The mere fact _______ most people believe nuclear war would be madnessdoes not mean that it will not occur. (1997.6)A. whatB. whichC. thatD. why2. When I try to understand _______ that prevents so many Americans frombeing as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes. (1998.1)A. why it doesB. what it doesC. what it isD. why it is3. Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders ______ will happento her private life. (2000.1)A. thatB. whatC. itD. this4. There are signs ______ restaurants are becoming more popular withfamilies. (2000.6)A. thatB. whichC. in whichD. whose5. The basic features of the communication process are identified in onequestion: Who says ______ through what channel to whom? (2001.1)A. whatB. whenC. howD. such6. No one had told Smith about _______ a lecture the following day. (2001.1)A. there beB. there would beC. there wasD. there being7. These people once had fame and fortune; _______ is left to them is utterpoverty. (2002.6)A. all thatB. all whichC. all whatD. that all8. The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways ofdoing things, _____ is often the case in other countries.A. asB. whatC. soD. that9. The pen is to writing _______ the gun is to fight.A. whatB. whereC. whenD. why10. He knew nothing about her journey ______ she was likely to be awayfor two weeks.A. except forB. except thatC. exceptD. exceptthis that11. They lost their way in the forest, and ______ made matters worse wasthat night began to fall.A. thatB. itC. whatD. which12. I’ll give the dictionary to _______ wants to have it.A. whomeverB. someoneC. whoeverD. anyone13. Although ___ happened in this developed country sounds like amiracle, it may occur in some other places.A. itB. whichC. howD. what14. The reason why coal is still a very valuable source of power is _____atomic power is not available in sufficient quantity.A. becauseB. thatC. asD. for15. ________ one can succeed depends on _______ how he works.A. That…howB. That…howeverC. Whether…howD.Whether…however16. _____ college students should learn more about Chinese history.A. I consider important thatB. I consider it importantC. I consider it important thatD. I consider what is important17. She told him she would come and see him often, _________.A. and she would never forget himB. and that she would neverforget himC. she would never forget himD. and she never forgets him18. The question is ________ to land men there.A. if it was safeB. if was it safeC. whether it was safeD.whether was it safe19. The true value of life is not in ________, but ________.A. which we get, what give weB. what we get, what we giveC. which do we get, which do we giveD. what do we get, what do wegive。