在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编
6
(总分：30.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、英文阅读理解题(总题数：3，分数：30.00)
Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take the friendship for granted, we often don"t clearly understand how we make friends. While we get on well with a number of people, we are usually friends with only a very few. For example, the average among students is about 6 per person. In all the cases of friendly relationships, two people like one another and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of intimacy between them and the reasons for their shared interest vary enormously. As we get to know people we take into account things like age, race, economic condition, social position , and intelligence. Although these factors are not of prime importance, it is more difficult to get on with people when there is a marked difference in age and background. Some friendly relationships can be kept on argument and discussion, but it is usual for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs, to have attitudes and interests in common—they often talk about "being on the same wavelength". It generally takes time to reach this point. And the more intimately involved people become, the more they rely on one another. People want to do friends favors and hate to break a promise. Equally, friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to tolerate differences of opinion. In contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the association between two people. But the supporting and understanding of each other that results from shared experiences and emotions does seem to create a powerful bond, which can overcome differences in background, and break down barriers of age, class or race.（分数：10.00）
(1).According to the author, ______.（分数：2.00）
A.all those who get on well with each other are friends
B.friends are closer than people who just get on well with each other √
C.everyone understands clearly how to make friends
D.every student has 6 friends
解析：解析：这是一道考查细节的题型。
文中首段提到“…we often don’t clearly under—stand how we make friends．While we get on well with a number of people，we are usuallyfriends with only a very few．For example，the average among students is about 6 per per—son．”可推出选项A、C 和D都不符合题意。
含有绝对语气的词不能作为答案，A、C、D中含有all，everyone，every，意思太过绝对，也应首先排除。
因此只有选项B正确。
(2).When we make friends, we consider such things as age, race, and background, because______.（分数：2.00）
A.it is not easy to have a friendly relationship with people when there is a marked difference in age and background √
B.the degree of friendship between two people and the reasons for their shared interest can vary greatly
C.friends need to know all these things
D.these are the most important factors to make friends
解析：解析：这也是一道考查细节的题型。
从首段最后一句“Although these factors arenot of prime importance，it is more difficult to get on with people when there is a markeddifference in age and background．”可以看出选项A是符合题意的，选项B、C和D都比较片面。
(3).In Paragraph 2, "being on the same wavelength" means______.（分数：2.00）
ing the same frequency while talking
B.keeping the same friendly relationship as other people do
C.having similar ideas, beliefs, attitudes and interests √
D.having the same background
解析：解析：这是一道考查推理的题型。
题干要求：推出“being on the same wavelength”在文中的意思。
考生首先找到这个短语在文章中的位置，根据前面一句或是后面一句的意思推出短语的意思。
第二段的首句“Some friendly relationships can be kept on argumentand discussion，but it is usual for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs，to haveattitudes and interests in common-they often talk about‘being on the same wave—length’．”短语前出现的破折号有解释说明的意思。
因此，选项C是符合题意的。
值得注意的是，选项A是该短语的本意“说话时用同样的频率”，所以不符合文意。
(4).Which of the following is not implied in the passage?（分数：2.00）
A.Even friends may have differences of opinion.
B.Friends never argue with each other. √
C.It generally takes time for people to become close friends.
D.Someone"s habits may annoy his friends.
解析：解析：这是一道判断是非的题型。
注意题干中的NOT。
选项A，“朋友之间也会存在不同观点”，文中多处提到朋友间不同的信仰、态度、观点和兴趣，因此符合文意。
选项B，“朋友之间从来不发生争吵”，虽然文章并没有直接提到，但明显不符合文意，never一词也太绝对。
选项C，“成为亲密的朋友关系需要花费时间”，主要在文中第二段提及，符合文意。
选项D，“有些人的习惯使朋友感到不快”也是符合文意的。
(5).To strengthen friendly relationship, people______.（分数：2.00）
A.must hold friendship ceremonies
B.have to eliminate differences in background
C.should make friends with those who are of the same age and of the same race
D.should support and understand each other through shared experiences and emotions √
解析：解析：这是一道细节推理题。
题干：人们要增进友谊关系，需要怎么做?含有相关答案的信息的语句，在文中第三段最后一句中有所体现。
“But the supporting and under—standing of each other that results from shared experiences and emotions does seem to cre—ate a powerful bond，which can overcome differences in background，and break down bar—riers of age，class or race．”因此，正确答案为选项D。
Mozart was born in what is now called Austria, but, at that time, it was part of the Holy Roman Empire. He was baptized the day after his birth at St. Rupert"s Cathedral. His father Leopold was from Augsburg. He was a minor composer, and an experienced teacher. In the year of Mozart"s birth, his father published a violin textbook, which achieved a great success. In the fourth year of his age his father, for a game as it were, began to teach him a few minutes and pieces at the clavier. He could play it faultlessly and with the greatest delicacy, and keeping exactly in time. At the age of five, he was already composing little pieces, which he played to his father who wrote them down. While Leopold was a devoted teacher to his children, there is evidence that Mozart was keen to progress beyond what he was taught. His first ink-spattered composition and his efforts with the violin were of his own initiative and came as a surprise to Leopold. Leopold eventually gave up composing when his son"s outstanding musical talents became evident. He was Mozart"s only teacher in his earliest years and taught his children languages and academic subjects as well as music. During Mozart"s youth, his family made several European journeys in which he played at the Court in Munich, and at the Imperial Court in Vienna. A long concert tour spanning three and a half years followed, taking the family to the courts of Munich, Paris, and London. During this trip, Mozart met a great number of musicians and acquainted himself with the works of other composers. These trips were often arduous. Travel conditions were primitive; the family had to wait for invitations and reimbursement from the nobility. They endured long, near-fatal illnesses far from home. After one year father and son set off for Italy, leaving his mother and his sister
at home. This travel lasted from December 1769 to March 1771. As with earlier journeys, Leopold wanted to display his son"s abilities as a performer and a rapidly maturing composer. After finally returning with his father from Italy on 13 March 1773, Mozart was em-ployed as a court musician by the ruler of Salzburg, Prince-Archbishop Hieronymus Col-loredo. The composer had a great number of friends and admirers in Salzburg. Despite these artistic successes, Mozart grew increasingly discontented with Salzburg and redoubled his efforts to find a position elsewhere. One reason was his low salary. In August 1777, Mozart resigned his Salzburg position and, on 23 September, ventured out once more in search of employment, with visits to Augsburg, Mannheim, Paris, and Munich. Since Archbishop Colloredo would not give Leopold leave to travel, Mozart"s mother Anna Maria accompanied him. Mozart became acquainted with members of the famous orchestra in Mannheim, the best in Europe at the time. He also fell in love with Aloysia Weber, one of four daughters in a musical family. There were prospects of employment in Mannheim, but they came to nothing and Mozart left for Paris on 14 March 1778 to continue his search. One of his letters from Paris hints at a possible post as an organist at Versailles, but Mozart was not interested in such an appointment. Mozart"s new career in Vienna began well. He performed often as a pianist, notably in a competition before the Emperor on 24 December 1781, and he soon "had established himself as the finest keyboard player in Vienna".（分数：10.00）
(1).According to the author, Mozart began to show his talent in music composition______.（分数：2.00）
A.when he was at the age of five √
B.when he was at the age of four
C.when he was born
D.when his father taught him music
解析：解析：这是一道考查细节的题型。
题干：莫扎特在几岁开始显露他的音乐天赋?此题关键性的提示信息在文中第二段“At the age of five，he was already composing little pieces，which he played to his father who wrote them down．”里可以找到。
(2).Mozart"s father was a devoted teacher to his children, because______.（分数：2.00）
A.he taught his children only music lessons
B.he taught nobody else except his children
C.he taught his children very well
D.he taught his children languages and academic subjects as well as music √
解析：解析：同样是一道考查细节的题型。
我们直接定位文章第二段最后一句“He was Mozart’s only teacher in his earliest years and taught his children languages and academic subjects as well as music．”注意as well as这是固定词组，意为“除……以外”。
因此正确答案为选项D。
(3).When Mozart was young he made several European journeys with his families in which he played at the court______.（分数：2.00）
A.in Munich, Vienna, Paris and London √
B.in Munich, Vienna, Paris and Italy
C.in London, Vienna, Paris and Italy
D.in Munich, Vienna, Italy and London
解析：解析：这是一道考查细节的题型。
答案需要考生从第三段中总结出来。
第二句提到“…taking the family to the courts of Munich，Paris and London．”第四段首句也提到“After one year father and son set off for Italy”。
因此只有选项A符合题意。
(4).Mozart grew discontented with Salzburg and tried to find another position because______.（分数：2.00）
A.he was not interested in the position of the court musician
B.he was not satisfied with his low salary √
C.he was not getting along well with the ruler of Salzburg
D.He fell in love with Aloysia Weber in Mannheim
解析：解析：这是一道考查细节的题型。
第四段“…Mozart grew increasingly discon—tented with Salzburg and redoubled his efforts to find a position elsewhere．One reason was his low salary．”明显提及此题的答案，因此正确选项为B。
而其他选项并未在文中提及。
(5).In the last paragraph, the last line, the phrase "the finest keyboard player" means______.（分数：2.00）
A.the best violinist
B.the best pianist √
C.the best composer
D.the best organist
解析：解析：这也是一道考查推理的题型。
题干要求：解释短语“the finest keyboard play—er”的意思。
作为全文最后一句的总结，短语前面必然有对这句总结语的解释和说明。
“Mozart’s new career in Vienna began well．He performed often as a pianist，notably in a competition before the Emperor on 24 December 1781”出现“pianist”一词，因此推出选项B是对短语“the finest keyboard player”最合理的解释。
The Mona Lisa painting now hangs in the Musee du Louvre in Paris. The painting"s increasing fame was further emphasized when it was stolen on 21 August 1911. The next day, Louis Beroud, a painter, walked into the Louvre and went to the Salon Carre where the Mona Lisa had been on display for five years. However, where the Mona Lisa should have stood, he found four iron pegs. Beroud contacted the section head of the guards, who thought the painting was being photographed for marketing purposes. A few hours later, Beroud checked back with the section head of the museum, and it was confirmed that the Mona Lisa was not with the photographers. The Louvre was closed for an entire week to aid in investigation of the theft. French poet Guillaume Apollinaire, who had once called for the Louvre to be "burnt down," came under suspicion; he was arrested and put in jail. Apollinaire tried to implicate his friend Pablo Picasso, who was also brought in for questioning, but both were later exonerated. At the time, the painting was believed to be lost forever, and it was two years before the real thief was discovered. Louvre employee Vincenzo Peruggia had stolen it by entering the building during regular hours, hiding in a broom closet and walking out with it hidden under his coat after the museum had closed. Peruggia was an Italian patriot who believed Leonardo"s painting should be returned to Italy for display in an Italian museum. Peruggia may have also been motivated by a friend who sold copies of the painting, which would skyrocket in value after the theft of the original. After having kept the painting in his apartment for two years, Peruggia grew impatient and was finally caught when he attempted to sell it to the directors of the Uffizi Gallery in Florence; it was exhibited all over Italy and returned to the Louvre in 1913. Peruggia was hailed for his patriotism in Italy and only served six months in jail for the crime. During World War II , the painting was again removed from the Louvre and taken safely, first to Chateau d"Amboise, then to the Loc Dieu Abbey and Chateau de Chambo-rd, then finally to the Ingres Museum in Montauban. In 1956, the lower part of the painting was severely damaged when a vandal doused the painting with acid. On 30 December of that same year, a young Bolivian named Ugo Ungaza Villegas damaged the painting by throwing a rock at it. This resulted in the loss of a speck of pigment near the left elbow, which was later painted over. The use of bulletproof glass has shielded the Mona Lisa from more recent attacks. In April 1974, a handicapped woman, upset by the museum"s policy for the disabled, sprayed red paint at the painting while it was on display at the Tokyo National Museum. On 2 August 2009, a Russian woman, distraught over being denied French citizenship, threw a terra cotta mug or teacup, purchased at the museum, at the painting in the Louvre; the vessel shattered against the glass enclosure. In both cases, the painting was undamaged.（分数：10.00）
(1).According to the author, on 21 August 1911 the Mona Lisa painting was stolen by______.（分数：2.00）
A.the section head of the guard
B.French poet Guillaume Apollinaire
C.Pablo Picasso
D.a Louvre employee called Vincenzo Peruggia √
解析：解析：这是一道考查细节的题型。
题干问：1911年8月21日《蒙娜丽莎》是被谁偷走的?这道题有很大的迷惑性，文章第一段出现了题干中的时间，即1911年8月21日，但是并未具体讲是被谁偷走，而且文章中也多次出现人名，因此考生容易在这里出现误判，而问题的真正答案却是在第二段讲述中提到：Louvre employee Vincenzo Peruggiahad stolen it by entering the building during regular hours…第二段最后一句Peruggia washailed for his patriotism in Italy and only served six months in jail for the crime．如果考生不认真读完，很容易忽略掉这些细节。
此题正确答案为选项D。
(2).The thief was caught two years later______.（分数：2.00）
A.when he tried to sell it to the directors of the Uffizi Gallery in Florence √
B.when he returned to Italy with it hidden under his coat
C.when it was exhibited all over Italy
D.when he told it to his friend
解析：解析：这也是一道细节题，此题在短文第二段的最后有所体现：After having keptthe painting in his apartment for two years，Peruggia grew impatient and was finallycaught when he attempted to sell it to the directors of the Uffizi Gallery in Florence．因此可得出正确答案为选项A。
(3).In Paragraph 2, the last line, the word "patriotism" means______.（分数：2.00）
A.the love for his own family
B.the love for his own country √
C.the love for other countries
D.the love for the people all over the world
解析：解析：这是一道词义辨别题。
题干要求推断单词patriotism在短文中的含义。
这个词语要从它出现的上下文中推断出其所含的意思：Peruggia was an Italian patriot who be—lieved Leonardo’s painting should be returned to Italy for display in an Italian museum．综合四个选项一起考虑，我们可以推出选项B最符合题意。
(4).Which of the following is not implied in the passage?（分数：2.00）
A.The Louvre was closed for a whole week because of the theft.
B.The thief was put into prison for only six months.
C.The Mona Lisa painting was removed from place to place for display.
D.The Mona Lisa painting was attacked many times, so now it has been completely damaged. √解析：解析：这是一道判断是非题。
注意题干中的NOT，此题可采用排除法。
选项A，可从短文首段的最后一句中直接找到：The Louvre was closed for an entire week to aid in in—vestigation of the theft．选项B，在第二段的末句中也可直接找到：Peruggia was hailedfor his patriotism in Italy and only served six months in jail for the crime．选项C，在第三段中也可以推断出“这幅作品在世界许多地方展出”。
选项D，“这幅作品已经被完全损坏”与原文不符。
(5).The woman attacked the painting because______.（分数：2.00）
A.she was a handicapped woman
B.she was a disabled woman
C.she was made angry by the museum"s policy for the disabled √
D.she was not permitted to go into the museum
解析：解析：这是一道考查细节的题型。
短文第三段中提到，In April 1794，a handicappedwoman，upset by the museum’s policy for the disabled，sprayed red paint at the paintingwhile it was oil display at the Tokyo National Museum．因此正确答案为选项C。
