(第3部分)词汇与结构(翻译版)

第三章英语词汇的形态结构第三章英语词汇的形态结构【概要】本单元阐释了英语词汇的形态结构～讨论了词素、词素变体、词素的分类和辨别、以及词素和构词的关系～并介绍了词缀、词根、词干、词基等基本概念。

【知识点】1. Morphemes2. Morphs and Allomorphs3. Classifying Morphemes4. Identifying Morphemes5. Morpheme and Word-formation(1)Affix(2)Root, Stem, Base【文本翻译】我们已经讨论了推动英语词汇发展的历史、文化和社会因素。

正如我们所见，借词在扩大词汇量方面起到了积极的作用。

然而，在现代，主要是在内部基础之上来扩大词汇量的。

也就是说，我们运用英语中可以得到的构词材料去创造新的单词。

但是在我们讨论创造新词的实际方法和途径以前，我们需要对英语单词的结构和它们的成分—构词因素有一个清楚的认识。

这一章将讨论词素、词素的分类和辨别，以及词素与构词法之间的关系。

3.1 词素传统上，单词通常被作为一种语言里基本和最小的单位用于遣词造句，而句子则是根据句法规则将单词组合到一起。

但是，从结构上来看，单词并不是最小的单元，因为很多单词都能被分解成更小的意义单位。

以decontextualization一词为例，这是一个单词，但是可以被分解为de-， con-， text，-al， -iz(e)， -ation，每一个都有其独特的意义。

这些成分不能被进一步地切分了，否则，它们中的任何一个都不会具有完整的意义。

虽然-ation有着一系列的变体形式，比如-tion，-sion，-ion，它们都属于同一个后缀。

因为它们有着同样的意义和语法功能，仅仅是出现在不同的语音环境之中。

这些最小的意义单位被称为词素(morphe 是希腊词汇，意思是…形式?;-eme出现于…phoneme?这样的单词中，意为…类?)。

中国地质大学(武汉)远程与继续教育学院大学英语2 课程综合测试2学习层次：高起专时间：90分钟第一部分：交际用语(共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分)此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请你从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

A. Do you still have a room for tonight?B. What would you like, please?C. Is there anything I can do for you?D. Who is that speaking, please?2. ---Is Peter there?---____ , please. I’ll see if I can find him for you.A. Hold upB. Hold onC. Hold outD. Hold off3. ---Say, Jane, will you come with me to the game Friday?--- ____, Bob, but I promised Mary I’d go with her.A. My pleasureB. ThanksC. Take it easyD. Forget it4. ---I think you’d better type this letter again before Mr. Smith see it.--- Oh, dear! ___________.A. Who cares?B. No problemC. I don’t mind at allD. Is it as bad as that?5. ---Did you have a good time in Thailand last week?--- _____, it was too hot.A. Not really goodB. Yeah, why notC. Oh, greatD. You’re right第二部分：阅读理解(共10小题，每小题3分，满分30分)此部分共有2篇短文。

大学英语（B）考试大纲试点高校网络教育部分公共基础课全国统一考试，旨在遵循网络教育应用型人才的培养目标，针对从业人员继续教育的特点，重在检验学生掌握英语基础知识的水平及应用能力，全面提高现代远程高等学历教育的教学质量。

“大学英语”课程是现代远程教育试点高校网络教育实行全国统一考试的部分公共基础课之一。

该课程的考试是一种基础水平检测性考试，考试合格者应达到与成人高等教育本科相应的大学英语课程要求的水平。

考试对象教育部批准的现代远程教育试点高校网络教育学院和中央广播电视大学“人才培养模式改革和开放教育试点”项目中自2004年3月1日（含3月1日）以后入学的本科层次学历教育的学生，应参加网络教育部分公共基础课全国统一考试。

“大学英语（B）”考试大纲适用于除英语类和艺术类专业以外的其他专业高中起点与专科起点本科学生。

考试目标本考试旨在考查现代远程教育所有专业（除英语类和艺术类专业）的学生掌握英语基础知识的水平及应用能力。

考生应掌握基本的英语语法知识和词汇，具备运用不同语言技能进行交际的基本能力。

考试内容与要求【语法】考生应较好地掌握基本的英语语法知识，并能在交际中较正确地加以运用。

【词汇】考生应认知3 000个单词，并熟练掌握其中的1 800个单词及其基本的搭配。

【交际能力】考生应掌握日常生活常见情景中的基本交际用语。

【阅读】考生应能读懂与日常生活和社会活动相关的不同类型的文字材料，包括应用文、描述文、记叙文、说明文和议论文等，阅读速度为每分钟50个单词。

考生应能：1．理解主旨要义；2．理解文中具体信息；3．根据上下文推测生词词义；4．进行有关的判断、推理和引申，理解作者的意图、观点或态度。

【翻译】考生应能在10分钟内将3个难度适中的英文句子翻译成中文。

考生应能：1. 对英语原文有准确的理解；2. 做到译文通顺、达意。

【写作】考生应能在30分钟内写出长度不少于80词的常见应用文及一般的叙述文、说明文或议论文。

江南大学现代远程教育第二阶段测试卷考试科目:《大学英语（二）》时间：90分钟学习中心（教学点）批次：层次：专业：学号：身份证号：姓名：得分：第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。

1．- Good morning, John . How are you doing?- _________A：I’m pleased.B：Good night.C：Not so bad. And you?D：How do you do?2．- How do I get to the cinema?- _________A：It's very far.B：Yes, there is a cinema near here.C：It's well known.D：Go down this street and turn left.3．- This is a challenging job. Who wants it?- _________A：I'll take it.B：It's a good idea.C：You bet!D：No sweat!4．- I hope you have a most happy and prosperous new year!- _________A：You are welcome!B：How smart you are!C：The same to you!D：Nice going!5．- Would you like to see a film?- _________A：Yes, I'd love to.B：Do it, please.C：No, you like it?D：How do you do?第二部分：阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）此部分共有2篇短文，第一篇短文后有5个问题。

第三部分词汇与结构全翻译版1.55个红色的题目，重点复习得分值为6分2.根据预测考试出现频率高低，次重点45个标注为蓝色，得分值为4分考前的准备也必不可少,本部分考5 题共10 分,基础较差的先重点温习标注红色的55 题。

----题号1-55 重点掌握，得分值6 分，每5 小题后面KEY 为答案1.Neither Bill nor his parents_______at home.比尔和他的父母都不在家。

A.isB.hasC.areD.was2.If you don't want to get wet,you had better this umbrella with you.如果你不想被弄湿，最好带上这把伞。

A.takeB.to takeC.takenD.for taking3.Measles along time to get over.麻疹需要很长一段时间才会治好A.spendB.spendsC.takeD.takes4.Do you want to wait? 您愿意等吗?Five days____too long for me to wait.五天等待的时间对于我来说太长了。

A.wasB.wereC.isD.are5.There a book and some magazines on the desk. 桌子上有一本书和一些杂志。

A. isB. a reC.haveD.hasKEY:C A D C A6.She is not only my classmate also my good friend.她不仅是我的同班同学，还是我的好朋友。

A.orB.butC.andD.too7.He asked the waiter the bill.他向服务员要账单A.onB.ofC.forD.After8.When Lily came home at 5 p.m.yesterday,her mother dinner in the kitchen.莉莉昨天五点钟回家时，她妈妈正在厨房里做晚饭。

【知识清单】译林版英语五年级上册Unit3Unit 3 Our animal friends一、重点词汇【四会】1.no 没有,无2. leg 腿3. arm 手臂4.foot 脚，足5.give 给【三会】1.body 身体2. or 也不，也没有3. wing 翅膀4.rabbit 兔子5. finger 手指二、短语:1.two feet 两只脚2. big eyes 大眼睛3. no legs 没有腿4. big ears 大耳朵5. long ears 长耳朵6. ten legs 十条腿7. animal friends 动物朋友8. big tails 大尾巴9. two wings 两只翅膀10. a long tail 一条长尾巴11. its body 它的身体12. your fingers 你的手指13. four legs 四条腿14. red eyes 红眼睛15. a new friend 一位新朋友16. big arms 大手臂17. big bodies 大身体18. a short tail 一条短尾巴19. a big mouth 一张大嘴巴20. don't shout 不要大喊21. give it a cake 给它一块蛋糕22. one ..., the other ... 一个···,另一个···.三、经典句型1. A: Do you have an animal friend? 你有一个动物朋友吗?B: Yes, I do. 是的,我有.2.A: Does he have an animal friend? 他有一个动物朋友吗?B: No, he doesn’t，不, 他没有。

3.You can see pandas in China. 你可以在中国看见大熊猫.4.He doesn't like sunny weather. 他不喜欢晴朗的天气.5.One is red and the other is black. 一个是红色的，另一个是黑色的.6.They have no legs or arms. 它们没有腿，也没有手臂.7.My animal friend is yellow and green. 我的动物朋友是黄绿相间的.8.It can run and jump. 它会奔跑和跳跃.9.It can talk and fly. 它会说话和飞翔。

第三部分：词汇与结构翻译版1.55个标成红色的题目,重点复习,得分值6分2.次重点41个为除红色外12月出现频率较高的题目,分值为4分,重点掌握内部资料请勿传播，复习本资料无需看其他额外资料，词汇结构虽然功在平时，但临考前的准备也必不可少，本部分考5题共10分，基础较差的先重点温习标注红色的55题。

-------- 以下红色1-55 需重点掌握，得分值6分，每5小题后面KEY为答案--------1．Neither Bill or his parents at home. 比尔和他的父母都不在家。

A．is B．has C．are D．was2．If you don’t want to get wet, you had better this umbrella with you.如果你不想被淋湿，最好带上这把伞。

A．take B．to take C．taken D．for taking3．Measles a long time to get over. 麻疹需要很长一段时间才能治好.A．spend B．spends C．take D．takes4．-Do you want to wait? 您愿意等吗？-Five days too long for me to wait. 五天等待的时间对于我来说太长了。

A. was B．were C．is D．are5．There a book and some magazines on the desk.桌子上有一本书和一些杂志。

A．is B．are C．have D．hasKEY:CADCA6．She is not only my classmate also my good friend. 她不仅是我的同学，还是我的好朋友。

A．or B．but C．and D．too7．He asked the waiter the bill. 他向服务员要账单。

A．on B．of C．for D．after8．When Lily came home at 5 p.m. yesterday, her mother dinner in the kichen.莉莉昨天下午五点钟回家的时候，她妈妈正在厨房里做晚饭。

全国高校网络教育部分公共基础课统一考试用书大学英语（B）模拟试卷 (2010年修订版)Test 1第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分10分）此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出正确选项。

1．—How are you，Bob?— __________Ted.A．How are you? B．I’m fine．Thank you.C．How do you do? D．Nice to meet you.2．—Thanks for your help.—A．My pleasure．B．Never mind.C．Quite right．D．Don’t thank me.3．—Hello．I’m Harry Potter.—Hello，my name is Charles Green, but ____________.A．call my Charles B．call me at CharlesC．call me Charles D．call Charles me4．—Paul，______?—Oh，that’s my father! And beside him，my mother.A．what is the person over there B．who’s talking over thereC．what are they doing D．which is that5．—Hi, Tom, how’s everything with you?—, and how are you?A．Don’t mention it B．Hmm, not too badC．Thanks D．Pretty fast第二部分：阅读理解（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分）此部分共有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5个问题。

请从每个问题后面的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。

大学英语B仿真模拟题二十第一部分：交际用语（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分）此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A, B, C, D四个选项中选出正确选项。

1. —Excuse me, could you show me the way to the nearest post office?—_____________ Oh yes! Two blocks away from here at the Green Avenue. You can’t miss it.A. I beg your pardon?B. What do you mean?C. You’ re welcome.D. Mm, let me think.2. —Is it possible for you to work late tonight?—_____________A. I like it.B. I’ll do that.C. I’d love to.D. I think so.3. —Doctor, I don’t feel well.—_____________A. You are fine.B. It doesn’t matter.C. What’s the matter?D. Don’t take it seriously.4. — This is Bill speaking. May I speak to Mr. Smith?— __________. Here he comes.A. Yes, speaking．B. Don’t go away.C. Go ahead.D. Hold on．5. —Paul, this is my friend, Ann.—______________.A. Very well, thank youB. How do you like the party?C. Glad to meet you, Jack．D. Glad to meet you, Ann．第二部分：阅读理解（共10小题，每小题3分，满分30分）此部分共有2篇短文，在第一篇短文后有5个正误判断题，从每题后的两个选项中选出正确答案；在第二篇短文后有5个问题。

第三部分：词汇与结构（2011.04网考）词汇与结构考试5题10分，此部分对于基础不是很好的同学比较难，较难突击，能掌握最好，如果无法掌握，在考试中靠感觉，或填写C或 B1．Professor smith promised to look ______ my paper，that is，to read it carefully before the defence．A．after B．over C．on D．into史密斯教授答应帮我看一下我的论文，也就是说，要在答辩前仔细看一下。

2．Our house is about a mile from the railway station and there are not many houses ______.A．in between B．far apart C．among them D．from each other我们家离火车站大概一英里左右，而且两者之间房子不多。

3．As the bus came round the corner，it ran ______ a big tree by the roadside.A．into B．on C．over D．up汽车开到转角时撞到了路边的一棵大树4．When Lily came home at 5 p.m. yesterday, her mother dinner in the kitchen.A．cooked B．was cooking C．cooks D．has cooked莉莉昨天五点钟回家时，她妈妈正在厨房里做晚饭。

5．Did you notice the guy ______ head looked like a big potato?A．who B．which C．whose D．whom你注意到了那个脑袋看上去像个大土豆的家伙了吗？KEY:BAABC6．I don’t know the park, but it’s to be quite beautiful.A．said B．old C．spoken D．talked我不了解这公园，但据说很美。

大学英语B仿真模拟题十二第一部分：交际用语（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分）此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A, B, C, D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。

1. — Thanks for your help.— ______________A. My pleasure.B. Never mind.C. Quite right.D. Don’t thank me.2. —Haven’t seen you for ages! What are you busy doing now?— ______________A. I hate the weather here.B. My hair is getting a bit longer.C. Yeah, thanks for coming.D. I am working part time in a bookshop, you know.3. —It’s rather cold in here. Do you mind if I close the window?— ______________A. Yes, please.B. No, go ahead.C. Sure, please.D. I don’t like it.4. — How often do you go dancing?— ______________A. I will go dancing tomorrow.B. Yesterday.C. Every other day.D. I've been dancing for a year.5. — You know, I have three kids now.— ______________A. Well, I’ve grown a mustache.B. That’s terrific!C. Say, you’ve really changed your hair.D. Well, I gave up drinking.第二部分：阅读理解（共10小题，每小题3分，满分30分）此部分共有2篇短文，每篇短文后有5个问题。

第三局部：词汇与构造1. Professor Johnson comes from either Oxford or MIT, I can’t remember .A whereB thereC whichD that2.Never get off the bus it has stopped.A ifB as soon asC untilD or3.The red flower goes from one to in the class.A the otherB othersC anotherD other4.Important his discovery was, it was regarded as a matter of no account in his time.A whenB untilC asD although5.The manager will not us to use his car.A haveB letC agreeD allowACCCD6.The car accident happened at crossroads a few metres away frombank.A the;/B /;aC /;theD the;the7.Of all the students in our class, Betty writes .A very carefullyB most carefullyC more carefullyD the most carefully8.—Don’t you feel surprised to see George at the meeting--Yes.I really didn’t think he here.A has beenB had beenC would beD would have been9.—The physics exam is not difficult,is it?-- .Even Harry to the top students failed in it.A Yes;beiongB No;belongedC Yes;belongingD No;belonging10.You don’t mind you Xiao Li,do you?A callB to callC to callingD callingBBCCD11.It’s to interrupt the others while they are talking.A roughB rudeC politeD troublesome12.When we write,we must write as as we can.A carefulB carefullyC more carefulD more carefully13.People at the party worried about him,because no one was aware he had gone.A of whereB of the place whereC whereD the place14.Therefore,other things eaual,the number of workers that employers want decreases.A isB areC beingD having15.I have the complacent feeling I’m hight ly intelligent.A whatB whichC thatD this16. Jane’s cap is red. But_________is blue.A. HerB. HimC. HisD. It’s17. __________there any good news in today’s newspaper?A. AreB. IsC. HaveD. Has18. -Hi,Jane.Would you like to go to the ball this evening?-Sorry,Frank.__________tomorrow’s lessons,I have no time to go out with you.A. Not preparingB. Not having preparedC. Not to prepareD. Being not prepared19. Both the kids and their parents_________English, I think. I know it from their accent.A. isB. beenC. areD. was20. The young lady coming over to us__________our English teacher; the way she walks tells us that!CBBCAA. must beB. can beC. would beD. could be21. On formal________, people pay more attention to manners.A. situationsB. casesC. conditionsD. occasions22.We all thought_______pity that you were unable to come to our meeting.A. thatB. whichC. thisD. it23. The old lady is quarrelling as if she________mad.A. wasB. isC. areD. were24. Did you notice the guy________head like a big potato?A. whoB. whichC. whoseD. Whom25. If you_______your work, you can go there first.A. will finishB. finishedC. finishingD. have finishedDDDCD26. He asked the waiter__________the bill.A. onB. ofC. forD. after27. Today’s weather is________worse than yesterday’s.A. veryB. muchC. very muchD. much too28. In_________, the northerners have a particular liking for dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice.A. commonB. totalC. generalD. particular29. Do you know the man________under the apple tree?A. layB. lainC. lyingD. laying30. The soup smells________.Would you like some?A goodB wellC properlyD finely31. Eggs, though rich in nourishments, have ________ of fat.A a large numberB the large numberC a large amountD the large amount32. They have learned about ________ in recent years.A several hundreds English wordsB hundreds of English wordsC hundred of English wordsD several hundred English word33.—Is the library ________ now?--No,it’s ________.A open;closeB opening;closingC open;closedD opened;closed34．He never does his work ________ Mary.A as careful asB so careful asC as carefully asD carefully as35.-How much did you ________all these things?-More than forty dollars.A spendB costC giveD pay forCBCCD36.It is said that ________ boys in your school like playing football in their spare time, though others prefer basketball.A very littleB quite a fewC quite a bitD quite a little37.-Nancy was badly injured in the accident yesterday and she was sent to hospital.-Oh, really? I ________. I ________visit her.A didn’t know;will go toB don’t know;will go toC didn’t know;am going toD haven’t know;am going to38.You object ________ ,don’t you?A that they comeB that they cameC to their comeD to their coming39.As it was going to rain, she was ________ to leave as soon as possible.A hurriedB anxiousC worriedD nervous40. I can’t find the key ________the door. Maybe I lost it.A toB ofC withD forBADBA41. It’s high time that he settled down in the country and ________ a new life.A startB startedC startingD to start42. Hardly ________ on stage ________ the audience started cheering.A he had come/thanB he had come/whenC had he come/whenD had he come/than43. His salary as a driver is much higher than ________.A a porterB is a porterC that of a porterD as a porter44. Stars have better player, so I ________them to win.A hopeB prefectC expectD want45. Mr.John was busy, ________he could not come.A butB thereforeC andD norBCCCB46.-Did the medicine make you feel better?-No, the more ________ , ________I feel.A medicine I take;and the worseB medicine I take;the worseC I take medicine;the worseD I take medicine;worse47.I would rather ________ two weeks earlier.A you should come hereB you came hereC you must come hereD you come here48.He is interested ________ football,but not good at it.A atB inC onD of49.They have done ________work these days.A too muchB much tooC too manyD many too50.This overcoat cost ________.What’s more,they are ________small for me.A very much;veryB too much;much tooC much too;too muchD very much;too muchBBBAB51.Equipped with modern facilities,today’s libraries differ greatly from ________.A those of the pastB the pastC which of the pastD these past52.Chinese is spoken by the ________ number of people in the world.A smallestB mostC largestD wide53. ________no need ________ the radio as I’ve used to studying with it on.A It’s;to turn downB It’s;turning upC There’s;to turn offD There’s;turning off54.Neither John_________ his father was able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train.A norB orC butD and55.Children under fifteen are not permittes to see such kind of movies ________ bad for their mental development.A that isB that areC as isD as areACDAD56.What we have done is far from ________.A satisfactoryB satisfiedC satisfactionD satisfy57.They were the only men who received votes ________me.A nextB besidesC unlessD except58. ________is the population of Paris?A How manyB How muchC HowD What59.-What’s his mother like?- ________.A She’s very happyB She’s at homeC She likes watching TVD She’s tall and thin60.-Why does he look sad?-There are so many problems ________.A remaining to settleB remained settlingC remaining to be settledD remained to be settledCDDDC61. Don’t worry.There’s still_______time to go.A.Little.B. a little.C. fewD. a few.62. My parents are teachers.They________teach English.A. either.B. all.C. both.D. are.63. Would you like something________?A. drink.B. to drink.C. drinking.D. for drinking.64. A sudden noise of a fire-engine made him________to the door.A. hurryingB. hurriedC. hurryD. to hurry65. Had you come five minutees earlier,you______the train to Birmingham.But now you missed it.A.would catchB.would have caughtC.could catchD.should catchBCBCB66. A man should not be judged always______what he says.A.byB.inC. withD. to67. He is not a child________.A no more B. no longer C. any much D. any more68. It was on the beach______Miss White found the kid lying dead.A thatB thisC itD which69. It was getting_________, he had to stop to have a rest.A very darkerB dark and dark C.darker and darker D. darkest and darkest70. It’s time we ________the lecture because everybody has arrived.A. will startB. shall startC. startD. startedADACD71. How often do you_______your brother?A.hear aboutB. hear ofC. hear toD. hear from72. If we could learn English in the same_______,it would not seem so difficult.A. roadB. wayC. theoryD. means73. The young_________eaten up almost everything on the table.A. isB. areC. hasD. have74. John’s father_______mathematics in this school ever since he graduated from Harvard University.A. taughtB. teachesC. has taughtD. is teaching75. --Would you like a bag of rice?--Yes, I have________rice at home.A. someB. littleC. a littleD. anyDBDCB76. The young seedlings remained alive______the protecting snow.A. underB. belowC. beneathD. beyond77. ______his examination of the patient,the doctor wrote out a prescription.A. Having finishedB. FinishingC. FinishedD.Having been finished78. Every year thousands of lives_____in road accidents because of careless driving.A. loseB. lostC. have lostD. are lost79.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket_________the desert.A coveringB coveredC coverD to cover80. _________is the temperature today?A WhatB HowC How manyD How muchDADAA81.It’s cold outside.You’d better _________ your coat.A wearB dressC put onD in82.Although he did not know London well, he made his way_________to the airport.A easy enoughB enoughC easily enoughD enough easily83.How can he _________ if he is not_________?A listen;hearingB hear;listeningC be listening;heardD be hearing;listened to84.When the railway is completed,we_________get to town much easily.A canB couldC are able toD will be able to85. I won’t be free_________I finish this work.A afterB untilC butD whenCCBDB86. My wallet is nowhere to be found.I_________in the store.A must drop itB must have dropped itC should have dropped itD ought to have dropped it87. Measles_________a long time to get over.A spendB spendsC takeD takes88.Professor,would you slow down a bit,please? I can’t _________ you.A keep up withB put up withC make up toD hold on to89.A police officer claimed he had attempted to_________paying his fare.A avoidB rejectC refuseD neglect90.The film brought the hours back to me_________I was taken good care of in that remote willage.A whenB whereC thatD untilBDAAA91.The boy is not happy at the new school.He has_________friends there.A fewB a fewC littleD a little92.He didn’t pass the final examination. He_________it.A must have prepared forB ought to prepare forC ought to have prepared forD should prepare for93.Two days is not enough for him to finish the work. He needs_________day.A otherB the otherC the thirdD a third94.The window was broken.Try to_________who has broken it.A find outB findC look forD look95.The new order means_________overtime.A worksB workedC to workD workingACDAD96. How can he be _________ stupid?A muchB thatC suchD enough97.Please hurry up, _________we’ll be late.A andB butC orD so98.She took a short cut_________the fields.A throughB overC belowD across99.Never before_________see such a terrible car accident on the road!A I haveB have IC I didD did I100.I have been looking forward to_________from my parents.A hearB being heardC be heardD hearingBCABD101.Wouldn’t it be_________wonderful world if all nations lived in_________peace with one another?A a;/B the;/C a;theD the;the102.The weather in Harbin is quite different from_________in Hainan.A thatB itC the oneD one103.“Can you speak Fre nch?〞“Yes,but_________.〞A not manyB only littleC not muchD only a few104.You’d better_________in bed.It’s bad for your eyes.A not to readB not readC don’t readD read105.It is not until you have lost your health_________you know its value.A untilB whenC whatD thatAACBD106.After the Minister of Education had finished speaking at the press conference,he was made_________all sorts of awkward questions.A answerB answeringC answeredD to answer107.It was a great pleasure_________me to be invited to the party.A forB onC toD of108.The girl is _________of a film star.A somebodyB somethingC anybodyD anyone109.I saw that she was in a difficulty with all those parcels,so I offered my_________.A serviceB moneyC useD chance110.I am not used to speaking_________public.A inB atC onD toDAAAA111.He is fond of playing_________piano while his brother is interested in listening to_________music.A /;theB /; /C the;/D the;the112.This kind of material expends_________the temperature increasing.A toB forC withD at113.-Can you come on Friday or Saturday?-I’m afraid_________day is possible.A eitherB someC anyD neither114.Who jumps_________in your class?A farB fartherC farthestD longer115.-Take this medicine twice a day,Peter?-Do I have to take it? It_________so terrible.A is tastingB is tastedC tastesD has tastedCCDCC116.We are next-door_________.A neighborhoodsB neighborC neighborhoodD neighbors117.Would you let_________ to the park with my classmate,Mum?A me goB me goingC I goD I going118.Who’s _________ ,Jim,Jack or John?A tallB tallerC much tallerD the tallest119.It is the best_________I have seen.A thatB whoC whomD which120.-I made the cake by_________. Help yourself,Tom.-Thanks ,Jane.A ourselvesB himselfC myselfD herselfDADAC1.He didn’t go to bed_________the TV play was over.A ifB becauseC untilD that2. _________is important that you choose clothes that suit your shape.A ThereB ItC ThisD That3.She has two best friends. _________of them is in the country.A AllB BothC No oneD Neither4.There’s_________water in the bottle.Don’t throw it away.A littleB a littleC a fewD few5.The man _________Mary was so tall that she could hardly see the show.A in front ofB in the front ofC at the back ofD at the beginning of CBDBA6.The dean of the Philosophy Department requested that the visiting scholar_________a lecture on Sartre.A gaveB giveC would giveD had given7.Charles regretted _________the TV set last year.The price has now gone down.A buyingB to buyC of Dfrom8.If you want to change for a blue shirt,you’ll have to pay_________$10.A anotherB otherC moreD each9.Do n’t _________your study.We are going to help you.A worryB be afraidC be worriedD worry about10. _________you like some coffee?A willB shallC WouldD shouldBAADC11.-Write to me when you get home.-OK,I _________.A mustB shouldC willD can12.Paper money was in_________use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in _________thirteenth century.A the;/B the;theC /;theD /;/13.The Chinese women volleyball players_________both in and out of China.A are thought good ofB are highly thought ofC are well thoughtD are ill thought of14.There are a lot of news_________today’s newspaper.A inB onC atD with15.I had my meals_________when I was ill in bed with a bad cold.A to bringB bringC broughtD bringingCCBAC16．_________fine weather it is today!A WhatB HowC What aD How a17.There was so much noise in the classroom that the teacher couldn’t make himself_________.A heardB hearingC to hearD hear18.The children are too young to tell good books_________the bad ones.A amongB fromC withD between19.Two thousand dollars _________enough for the car.A beingB wereC areD is20. _________of them thinks that is a good idea.A AnyoneB No oneC NoneD SomeoneAABD C21.You’ll find t his map of great_________in helping you to get around Beijing.A priceB costC valueD useful22.The music sounded_________.I enjoyed every minute of it.A wellB boringC wonderfullyD beautiful23.What a beautiful house!Especially there are many_________.A furnitureB furnituresC pieces of furnitureD pieces of furnitures24. Mr.Smith_________me to buy several eggs for the dinner.A hadB suggestedC askedD made25. -Is this your shoe?-Yes ,but where is _________?A the other oneB other oneC another oneD the othersCDCCA26．The taxi driver always reminds passengers to _________their belongings when they leave thecar.A keepB catchC holdD take27.You _________buy some reference books when you go to college.A mustB will have toC must toD have to28.Oh,your voice sounds quite different_________the phone.A inB onC forD from29.It’s a fine day.Let’s go fishing, _________?A won’t weB will weC don’t weD shall we30.No matter_________,the little sisters managed to round the sheep up and drive them back homs safely.A it was snowing hardB hard it was snowingC how it was snowing hardD how hard it was snowingDBBDD31.While I was in the university ,I learned taking a photo, _________is very useful now for me.A itB whichC thatD what32.The _________is just around the corner and you won’t miss it.A bicycle’s shopB bicycle shopC bicycles shopD bicycles’ shop33.What a bad memory I’ve got!I even forgot ________the book with me.A to takeB takingC takeD taken34.As the busiest woman there, she made _________her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town.A thisB thatC oneD it35.He is an old friend of ________.A myB mineC meD myselfBBADB36.Some architectural designs are better than _________.A othersB anotherC the otherD the rest37.The dog was tearing the cloth_________its teeth.A withB byC throughD in38.I won’t make the _________mistake next time.A likeB sameC nearD similar39.I will count three hundred and not one of you _________move a muscle.A is toB are toC isD are40.One day while Mr.King was working,he had a/an _________; his left leg was badly injured.A businessB accidentC matterD eventABBAB41.We all thought_________pity that you were unable to attend our meeting.A thatB whichC thisD it42.The old man lives_________.He always feels_________.A lonely,lonelyB alone,aloneC lonely,aloneD alone,lonely43.Smoking is bad for your health.So please_________A give it upB give it inC give it outD give it away44.I wish everybody _________the meeting tomorrow.A will attendB would attendC had attended Dis going to attend45.We go to the cinema _________a week.A oftenB onceC seldomD ususllyDDABB46.Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas,wind and other forms of_________.A energyB sourceC powerD material47.He couldn’t buy the dictionary because he had _________money with him.A a fewB fewC a littleD little48.There have been many_________in their marriage but they still love each other.A right and wrongB back and forthC ups and downsD right and left49.It was well known that Thomas Edison________the electric lamp.A inventedB discoveredC foundD developed50.I paid________for the new book.A half poundB one pound and halfC one and a half poundsD one and half a pound51.I was satisfied with her explanation, ________.A so my classmates wereB so were my classmatesC so my classmates didD so did my classmates52.This is ________film I have ever seen.A a wonderfulB the most wonderfulC wonderfulD most wonderful53.I forgot to return the book to you yesterday.So I ________today.A might do itB must do itC had to do itD must have to do itADCAC BBB。

第三部分汉译英的标准与可译度相关参考：语言之间的词汇空缺现象是一种普遍存在而又给翻译造成很多困难的现象，可以概括为：一、由于生活环境、经验的差异而引起的词汇空缺”；二、由于风俗习惯的不同而引起的词汇空缺；三、由于宗教信仰的不同而引起的词汇空缺；四、由于对客观世界认识的不同而引起的词汇空缺；五、由于语言或非语言方面的原因而引起的词汇空缺。

辩证唯物主义认为，语言常常是客观世界的反映，是一种社会现象。

人们生活、劳动在一种什么样的环境里，就会产生出什么样的语言。

如果某一事物在人们所生活的客观环境里不存在，那么语言中就可能出现空缺。

比如在英国，竹子不是一种土生土长的植物，因此，语言中就缺乏这方面的原始词汇。

汉语中的“笋”字只能译成“bamboo-shoot”（意即“竹芽”），甚至连bamboo这个词也是从外来语接引过去的。

又比如“salad”（色拉）这种凉拌蔬菜源于法国，英国人最先没有这道菜，语言中也不存在这个词，只好从法语中原封不动地移过来。

其次由于风俗习惯的不同，不同语言之间可能出现相对的词汇空缺现象。

中国人把生孩子、娶媳妇、贺生日称为“红喜”，把死人的事称为“白喜”，语言中也有“红白喜事”的表示法。

对于没有接触过中国文化或佛教文化的欧美人来说，把死人也当成一大“喜事”，令人大惑不解。

欧美人多信基督教，认为世界是上帝创造的，世上一切也都按上帝的旨意安排。

而在传统中，中国人心目中只有“开天辟地”的盘古和“主宰自然界”的天老爷。

“上帝”（God, Dieu, Gott）和“天老爷”所代表的东西不相同，含义也不一样。

特别是“上帝”这个概念，它具有较浓的基督色彩，是欧美文化的个性，虽然我们可以把英语的“My God!”译成“天哪！”把法语的“Dieu soit loue”译成“谢天谢地”，但反过来把汉语的“天”译成“God”或“Dieu”，有时就不很合适。

翻译古典文献时尤其如此。

再如，汉语和英语中都有“龙”的字眼，但“龙”在英语文化中是没有“地位”的爬行动物，是可怕的恶的象征，在汉语中则恰恰相反。

大学英语B统考仿真模拟题十五大学英语B仿真模拟题十五第一部分：交际用语（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分）此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A, B, C, D四个选项中选出正确选项。

1. —Could I borrow your car for a few days?—_____________A. Yes, you may borrow.B. Yes, go on.C. Sure, here your are. Enjoy your journey.D. It doesn’t matter.2. —Thank you for inviting me.—____________A. I really had a happy time.B. Oh, it’s too late.C. Thank you for coming.D. Oh, so slowly?3. —I was worried about my maths, but Mr. Brown gave me an A.—_____________A. Don’t worry about it.B. Congratulations! That’s a difficult course.C. Mr. Brown is very good.D. Good luck to you!4. —Oh, sorry to bother you.—_____________A. That’s Okay.B. No, you can’t.C. That’s good.D. Oh, I don’t know.5. —Please help yourself to the seafood.—_____________A. No, I can’t.B. Sorry, I can’t help.C. Well, seafood don’t suit for.D. Thanks, but I don’t like the seafood.第二部分：阅读理解（共10小题，每小题3分，满分30分）此部分共有2篇短文，在第一篇短文后有5个正误判断题，从每题后的两个选项中选出正确答案；在第二篇短文后有5个问题。

全国高校网络教育部分公共基础课统一考试用书大学英语（B）模拟试卷 (2011年修订版)Test 3第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）此部分共有5个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出正确选项。

1. —Could you help me with my physics, please?—A. No, no way.B. No, I couldn’t.C. No, I can’t.D. Sorry I can’t. I have to go to a meeting right now.2. —Could I speak to Don Watkins，please?—A. I’m listening.B. Oh，how are you?C. Speaking，please.D. I’m Don.3. —Could I borrow your car for a few days?—A. Yes，you may borrow.B. Yes, go on.C. Sure，here your are. Enjoy your journey.D. It doesn’t matter.4. —Thank you for inviting me.—A. I really had a happy time.B. Oh，it’s too late.C. Thank you for coming.D. Oh，so slowly?5. —May I see your tickets，please?—A. SureB. No，you can’t.C. No，they are mine.D. Yes，you can.第二部分：阅读理解（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分）此部分共有2篇短文，在第一篇短文后有5个正误判断题，从每题后的两个选项中选出正确答案；在第二篇短文后有5个问题。

内部资料第三部分 词汇与结构2014 年12 月《大学英语B 》统考题库全翻译版2014年10月17日更新（内部资料）1．本部分重点选出65个出现几率大的题目，重点复习。

2．根据预测考试出现频率高低统计，次重点55个，标注为蓝色（蓝色为除红色外出现几率大的考题）。

复习本资料无需看其他资料，基础较差的重点温习标注红色的 60 题即可。

考5 题共 10 分。

----------------以下红色1-70重点掌握，考试出现2-4个可得分值4-8分------------------一些同学基础较差，直接看英语无法掌握，现将全部短文翻译为中文，方便记忆1. –The workers are busy___D ____models for the exhibition.那些工人在忙着为展览会做模型。

A. to makeB. with makingC. being makingD. making2.-It was well known that Thomas Edison ____B ____ the electric lamp.大家都知道托马斯.爱迪生发明了电灯。

A. discoveredB. inventedC. foundD. developed3.-She wonders ____D ____will happen to her private life in the future.她不知道未来在她私人生活中会发生什么事。

A. thatB. itC. thisD. what4.-The higher the temperature, ____A ____the liquid evaporates.温度越高，液体蒸发得越快。

A. the faster B. the more fastC. the slowerD. the more slower 5.-Australia is one of the few countries ____C ____ people drive on the left of the road.澳大利亚是少数几个沿左侧开车的国家之一。

第三部分：词汇与结构全翻译版（重点看）1．This train is going _______ the tunnel quickly.A、downB、throughC、alongD、in这列火车正在快速地穿过隧道。

go through介词的固定搭配。

2. This room ______ cool in summer and warm in winter. It's quite comfortable to live here.A、feelsB、is feltC、findsD、is founded我们的房子冬暖夏凉，住在这里非常舒服。

3．John succeeded _______ what he wanted.A、to getB、to gettingC、in gettingD、and getting约翰成功地完成了他想要做的事情。

Succeeded in dong sth 成功地做了某事。

4. I forgot to return the book to you yesterday. So I ________today.A might do itB must do itC had to do itD must have to do it我昨天忘记把书还给你了，所以我今天必须去做。

5．They sent the letter to me ________ mistake.A、byB、forC、onD、with他们误把这封信寄给了我。

By mistake 错误的KEY:BACBA6．We are disappointed to find that the quality of the products here _______ very poor.A、to beB、have beenC、isD、being我们非常失望的发现这个产品的质量非常差。

7．The twin brothers are only _______ in appearance.A、likeB、likelyC、likelihoodD、alike这对双胞胎兄弟外表上只有一点像。