【参考借鉴】现代大学英语第二册unit5课后答案.docx

课后练习答案（全新版大学英语综合教程第二版第2册UNIT5）Book 2Unit 5 Overcoming ObstaclesText A True HeightKey to Book 2 Unit 5VocabularyI. 1.1) startled 2) mere3) motion 4) sweating5) stretched out 6) vain7) On one occasion 8) anxiety9) emotions 10) ashamed of11) In my mind's eye12) recurring2.1) Mrs. White's birthday coincides with her husband's.2) They make big profits on the stuff they sell by creating an artificial shortage, which sends the prices soaring / results in thesoaring of prices.3) It has been a week of alternate sunshine and rain.4) Politics and philosophy have been his lifelong passions, although he studied economics at university.5) Tension came over her, as she waited for her first TV interview.3.1) media; dedication to; grace.2) his competitors; in excitement; hug him; congratulate him on3) emotions; numerous; intensity; passion forII. Collocation1) Mike, a Green, made the suggestion thata large park be built near the community.2) In a letter to his daughter, Mr. Smith expressed his wish that she (should) continue her education to acquire stillanother degree.3) There is no reason to hold the belief that humans have no direct moral responsibility to safeguard the welfare of animals.4) Children need to feel safe about the world they grow up in, and it is unwise to give them the idea that everything they come into contact with might be a threat. 5) Anxiety can result from the notion that life has not treated us fairly.6) Nobody believed his claim that he was innocent.III. Words with Multiple Meanings1. work out in the gym for one hour every morning.2. Florence has worked as a cleaner at the factory for five years.3. The wounded man worked his way across the field on his hands and knees.4. The safe load for a truck of this typeworks out at about twenty-five tons.5. It is difficult to understand how human minds work.6. To my disappointment, the manager's plan of promoting the new products doesn't work at all.7. The teacher has a lot of experience of working with children who don't know how to learn.8. The medicine began to work one hour after the child took it..Comprehensive exercisesI. Cloze(A) Text-related1. In my mind's eye2. groan3. competitor4. intensity5. anxiety6. tense7. sweat8. tension9. soaring10. recurring11. brought me back to earth12. fantasy13. sweat14. congratulate15.numerous16. media(B)Theme-related1. engineer2. forget3. convinced4. how5. build6. accident7. thought8. only9. sharp10. touched11. instructions12. finallyII. Translation1.1) It is the creativity and dedication of the workers and executives that turned the company into a profitable business.2) The prices of food and medicine have soared in the past three months.3) We plan to repaint the upper floors of the office building.4) His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimes coincide.5) I don’t want to see m y beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed and groaning painfully.2.Numerous facts bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry. You needn’t / don’t have to be ashamed of crying. Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case of Donna. Take Donna as an example/ Donna is a case in point. Her son unfortunately died in a car accident. The intensity of the blow made her unable to cry. She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry. And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders. It was the tears that brought me back to earth and help me survive the crisis.”。

Unit5 Overcoming ObstaclesPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.Because the pole was set at 17 feet which was three inches higher than hispersonal best.2.Because pole-vaulting combines the grace of a gymnast with the strength of abody builder.3.His childhood dream was to fly. His mother read him numerous stories aboutflying when he was growing up.4.Because he believed in hard work and sweat. His motto: If you wantsomething, work for it!5.Michael's mother wished he could relax a bit more and be that "freedreaming" little boy. On one occasion she attempted to talk to him and his father about this, but his dad quickly interrupted, smiled and said, "You want something, work for it!"6.He began a very careful training program.7.He seemed unaware of the fact that he had just beaten his personal best bythree inches. He was very calm.8.He began to feel nervous when the bar was set at nine inches higher than hispersonal best.9.What his mother had taught him about how to deal with tension or anxietyhelped him overcome his nervousness.10.The singing of some distant birds in flight made him associate his final jumpwith his childhood dream.11.He could imagine the smile on his mother’s face. He thought his father wasprobably smiling too, even laughing. However, in fact, his father hugged his wife and cried like a baby in her arms.12.Because he was blind.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.Part One: Michael faced the most challenging competition in his pole-vaulting career.Part Two: Michael’s childhood was marked with dreams and tough training. Part Three: Michael topped his personal best, won the championship and set anew world record.2.(1)It also has the element of flying, and the thought of flying as high as atwo-story building is a mere fantasy to anyone watching such an event.As long as Michael could remember he had always dreamed of flying.(2)All of Michael’s vaults today seemed to be the reward for his hard work. Language Sense Enhancement1.(1)startled(2)bale of hay(3)off(4)intensity (5)shaking thetension(6)tense(7)description(8)out of nowhere(9)pictured(10)s caredVocabulary I1.1)startled2)mere3)motion4)sweating5)stretched out 6)vain7)On the occasion8)anxiety9)emotions10)ashamed of11)In my mind’seye12)recurring2.1)coincides with her husband’s.2)sends the prices soaring/results in the soaring of prices.3)of alternate sunshine and rain.4)have been his lifelong passions, although he studied economics atuniversity.5)Tension came over her3.1)media; dedication to; grace2)his competitors; in excitement; hug him; congratulate him on3)emotions; numerous; intensity; passion forII.Collocation1.Mike, a Green, made the suggestion that a large park be built near thecommunity.2.In a letter to his daughter, Mr. Smith expressed his wish that she (should)continue her education to acquire still another degree.3.There is no reason to hold the belief that humans have no direct moralresponsibility to safeguard the welfare of animals.4.Children need to feel safe about the world they grow up in, and it is unwiseto give them the idea that everything they come into contact with might be athreat.5.Anxiety can result from the notion that life has not treated us fairly.6.Nobody believed his claim that he was innocent.III.Words with Multiple Meanings1.I work out in the gym for one hour every morning.2.Florence has worked as a cleaner at the factory for five years.3.The wounded man worked his way across the field on his hands and knees.4.The safe load for a truck of this type works out at about twenty-five tons.5.It is difficult to understand how human minds work.6.To my disappointment, the manager’s plan of promoting the new productsdoesn’t work at all.7.The teacher has a lot of experience of working with children who don’t knowhow to learn.8.The medicine was like magic, and it worked instantly after you took it. Comprehensive ExercisesI.cloze1.(1)In my mind’s eye(2)groan(3)competitor(4)intensity(5)anxiety(6)tense(7)sweat(8)tension (9)soaring(10)r ecurring(11)b rought me back to earth(12)f antasy(13)s weat(14)c ongratulate(15)n umber(16)m edia2.(1)engineer(2)forget(3)convinced(4)how(5)build(6)accident(7)thought(8)only(9)sharp(10)t ouched(11)i nstructions(12)f inallyII.Translation1.1)It is the creativity and dedication of the workers and executives thatturned the company into a profitable business.2)The prices of food and medicine have soared in the past three months.3)We plan to repaint the upper floors of the office building.4)His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimes coincide.5)I don’t want to see my beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed andgroaning painfully.2.Numerous facts bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry. You needn’t/don’t have to be ashamed of crying. Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case of/Take Donna. Her son unfortunately died in a car accident. The intensity of the blow made her unable to cry. She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry. And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders. It was the tears that brought me back to earth and helped me survive the crisis.”。

第5课Text ALife Is Difficult.This is a great truth, one of the greatest truths. It is a great truth because once we truly see this truth we transcend it. Once we truly know that life is difficult--once we truly understand and accept it--then life is no longer difficult. Because once it is accepted, the fact that（引出同位语从句）life is difficult no longer matters.Most people do not fully see this truth that life is difficult.生活是艰难的。

这是一条真理，是众多伟大真理之一。

一旦我们真正认识了它，才会超越其本身。

一旦我们真正认识到生活的艰难所在，真正理解并接受它，生活将不再如那般的艰难，生活是艰难的这一事实，也不会再影响到我们。

大多数人并未真正认识到生活是艰难的这一事实。

Instead they moan more or less incessantly, noisily or subtly, about the enormity of their problems, their burdens, and their difficulties as if life were generally easy, as if life should be easy. They voice their belief, noisily or subtly, that（引出同位语从句）their difficulties represent a unique kind of affliction（痛苦）that should not be and that has somehow been especially visited upon（施加，造成，使遭受）them, or else upon their families, their tribe, their class, their nation, their race or even their species, and not upon others. I know about this moaning because I havedone my share.相反，他们不停地无病呻吟，或是聒噪地，或是微弱地，絮叨着他们所遭遇的种种问题、所承受的负担以及所忍受的苦难，好像生活应该是一帆风顺的。

Units Overcoming ObstaclesPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.Because the pole was set at 17 feet which was three inches higher than his personal best.2・Because pole-vaulting combines the grace of a gymnast with the strength of a body buildc匸3・His childhood dream was to fly. His mother read him numerous stories about flying when he was growing up.4.Because he believed in hard work and sweat. His motto: If you want something, work for it!5.MichaeKs mother wished he could relax a bit more and be that "free dreaming M little boy. On oneoccasion she attempted to talk to him and his father about this, but his dad quickly interrupted, smiled and said, "You want something, work for it!”6.He began a very careful training program.7.He seemed unaware of the fact that he had just beaten his personal best by three inches・ He wasvery calm・8・He began to feel nervous when the bar was set at nine inches higher than his personal best.9.What his mother had taught him about how to deal with tension or anxiety helped him overcome hisnervousness・10.The singing of some distant birds in flight made him associate his final jump with his childhooddream.11.He could imagine the smile on his mother's face. He thought his father was probably smiling too,even laughing・ However, in fact, his father hugged his wife and cried like a baby in her arms. 12.Because he was blind・Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.Part One: Michael faced the most challenging competition in his pole-vaulting career.Part Two: Michaefs childhood was marked with dreams and tough training.Part Three: Michael topped his personal best, won the championship and set a new world record・2.(1)It also has the element of flying, and the thought of flying as high as a two-story building is amere fantasy to any one watching such an event.As long as Michael could remember he had always dreamed of flying.(2)All of MichaePs vaults today seemed to be the reward for his hard work.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1) startled (5) shaking the tension (9) pictured⑵bale of hay (6) tense (10) scared⑶off (7) description⑷intensity (8) out of nowhereVocabularyI1) startled 5) stretched out 9) emotions2) mere 6) vain 10) ashamed of3) motion 7) On the occasion H) In my mincTs eye4) sweating 8) anxiety 12) recurring2.1)coincides with her husband's・2)sends the prices soaring/results in the soaring of prices.3)of alternate sunshine and rain.4)have been his lifelong passions, although he studied economics at university.5)Tension came over her3.1)media; dedication to; grace2)his competitors; in excitement; hug him; congratulate him on3)emotions; numerous; intensity; passion forIL Collocation1 ・Mike, a Green, made the suggestion that a large park be built near the community.2.In a letter to his daughter, M匚Smith expressed his wish that she (should) continue hereducation to acquire still another degree.3・ There is no reason to hold the belief that humans have no direct moral responsibility to safeguard the welfare of animals.2.Children need to feel safe about the world they grow up in, and it is unwise to give them the idea thateverything they come into contact with might be a threat・5・ Anxiety can result from the notion that life has not treated us fairly.6・ Nobody believed his claim that he was innocent.IIL Words with Multiple Meanings1 ・ I work out in the gym for one hour every morning.2. Florence has worked as a cleaner at the factory for five years.3・The wounded man worked his way across the field on his hands and knees-4.The safe load for a truck of this type works out at about twenty-five tons.5.It is difficult to understand how human minds work.6・ To my disappointment, the manager's plan of promoting the new products doesn^t work at all.7. The teacher has a lot of experience of working with children who don't know how to learn.8・ The medicine was like magic, and it worked instantly after you took 让・Comprehensive ExercisesL clozeLII. Translation 1.1) It is the creativity and dedication of the workers and executives that turned the company into aprofitable business.2) The prices of food and medicine have soared in the past three months. 3) We plan to repaint the upper floors of the office building.4) His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimes coincide.5) I don^t want to see my beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed and groaning painfully. 2.Numerous facts bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry. You needn ,t/don ,t have to be ashamed of crying. Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case ofTTakc Donna. Her son unfortunately died in a car accident. The intensity of the blow made her unable to cry. She said, Tt was not until two weeks later that I began to cry. And then 1 felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders. It was the tears that brought me back to earth and helped me survive the crisis?5engineer(5) build(9) sharp forget (6) accident (10) touched convinced (7) thought (11) instructions how (8) only(12) finally4 z (\ z (\ z (\.(1) In my mind s eye (2) groan (3) competitor (4) intensity (5) anxiety (6) tense (7) sweat (8) tension2.(9) soanng (10) recun*ing (11) brought me back to earth(12) fantasy (13) sweat (14) congratulate (15) number (16) media。

Unit 5一、词汇短语Text Aturnpike [] n. 收费公路；收税关卡【例句】A lot of motels lie beside the turnpike. 很多汽车旅馆都位于付费公路旁边。

【词组】heavy traffic on the turnpike收费高速公路上交通繁忙a main road; a turnpike road主干道interstate [] adj. 州际的n.洲际公路【例句】We were driving along Interstate 280, toward my home in Woodside.我们正驾车沿280号州际公路往我在伍德赛德的家行驶。

gorgeous [] adj. 华丽的，漂亮的；令人愉快的；极好的【例句】We had a gorgeous time. 我们玩得快活极了。

【助记】gorge（峡谷）+ous→峡谷很美丽→极好的，华丽的。

pastoral [] n. 牧歌，田园文学，田园诗adj.牧师的；田园生活的，田园风光的，宁静的，乡村生活的【例句】①The priest makes pastoral visits every Tuesday. 牧师每星期二作履行神职的访问。

②The ancient vase was painted with pastoral scenes. 这古老的花瓶上绘饰着田园景色。

【词组】a tranquil pastoral scene 宁静的田园风光pastoral poetry/verse 田园诗【助记】past + or 过去的人的生活，古时候人们都过着田园生活，现在是都市生活scenery [] n. 布景，道具布置；自然景物，天然风光【例句】The scenery in the mountains is very beautiful. 山里的景色非常美。

【助记】scene 景色，see 看，看情景，风景。

Fifteen years ago the typical worker with a college degree made 38 percent more than a worker with a high school diploma. Today that figure is 73 percent more. Two years of college means a 20 percent increase annual earnings. People who finish two years of college earn a quarter of a million dollars more tan their high school counterparts over a lifetime.Unit 5Task 1【答案】A.1) People’s ideas on permanent education.2) One is an ordinary “man in the street”. The other is an educational psychologist.3) The first person thinks this idea of permanent education is crazy. He can’tunderstand people who want to spend all their lives in school. The second person thinks the idea of permanent education is practical because people are never really too old to go on learning.B.1) was; hated; stand; got out 2) all their lives 3) certain limits; age limits 【原文】Two people are interviewed about their ideas on education. One is an ordinary "man in thestreet"; the other is an educational psychologist.The man in the street:When I was at school, I hated it. I couldn't stand it. I wasn't happy until I got out. I think this idea of permanent education is crazy. I know some people go back to school when they're older, go to language classes at the local "tech" and all that, but I can't understand people who want to spend all their lives in school.The educational psychologist:The idea of permanent education is practical because we're never really too old to go on learning. Of course, there are certain limits, but they aren't age limits. For example, let's say a man past sixty tries to learn how to play football. It's foolish for him to do that, but only because his body is too old, not his mind!Task 2【答案】A.B.1) He stayed there for a year.2) He has faint, but very pleasant memories of it. He had fun and played games---including story-telling, drawing, singing and dancing.3) He began t have more formal lessons and even worry about exams.4) The exam was called the “Eleven Plus”. Students took the exam to see what kind of secondary school they would get into.【原文】John is talking to Martin about his primary schooling.Martin: Did you go to a state primary schoolJohn: Yes, I did. I went to a nursery school first, at the age of four, but this was purely voluntary. There was a good kindergarten in our neighbourhood so my parents decided to send me there for a year.Martin: Can you still remember itJohn: Yes, I have faint, but very pleasant memories of it. It was a delightful place, full of fun and games. As in most nursery schools, work — if you can call it that — consisted of storytelling, drawing, singing and dancing. Martin: You probably don't remember but you must have missed it when you left —you know, when you went to the Infants' School at the age of five.John: I suppose I must have, but you know, right up to the age of seven, school life was very pleasant. It was only later in the Junior School that we began to have more formal lessons and even worry about exams.Martin: Really Did you have to do exams at that ageJohn: Yes, we used to then. We had to take an exam at the age of eleven called the "Eleven Plus" to see what kind of Secondary school we would get into. But this exam has disappeared nowadays.Task 3【答案】A.1) compulsory; the ages of 5 and 16; state-funded; independent2) available; at a nursery school; in the nursery class at a primary school3) preparatory; primary; aged 5 to 134) enter the state education system; at the age of 5; secondary school5) 7, 11, 13 or 16; gain admission at 11 or 13; the Common Entrance Examination6) one further year; Advanced Supplementary Examinations; Advanced Level Examinations7) classroom; laboratory; work independently; undertake research for projects8) vocational; conventional9) secondary education; with A-levels; further; higherB.1) GCSE stand for the General Certificate of Secondary Education. It is normally take at the age of sixteen.2) Students usually study form 8 to 12 subjects over two years.3) Some subjects take account of the work students do throughout the year, while others are assessed entirely by examination.【原文】Education in the United Kingdom is compulsory for everyone between the ages of five and sixteen, and is provided by two kinds of schools: state-funded schools and independent (fee-charging) schools.Children educationPre-school or pre-preparatory education: pre-school education is available in both the independent and the state systems. Many children start their education at the age of three or four at a nursery school or in the nursery class at a primary school.Preparatory education: in the independent system, preparatory (or primary) education is available for children aged 5 to 13.Primary education: most children in the United Kingdom enter the state education system when they go to primary school at the age of five and generally move to secondary school or college at the age of 11.Secondary education (including the General Certificate of Secondary Education and equivalents)Most pupils enter independent boarding schools at the age of 7, 11, 13 or 16. To gain admission at 11 or 13, some pupils sit an exam called the Common Entrance Examination. At 16, they enter the school to study in its sixth form (for A-levels and equivalent qualifications).All UK secondary schools, both state and independent, teach pupils at least until the age of sixteen and prepare them for the General Certificate of SecondaryEducation (GCSE) or equivalent qualifications. Significant numbers of international students enter the UK secondary education system when they are either eleven or thirteen. Many attend independent boarding schools.GCSEs in vocational subjects are normally taken at the age of 16. Following these, students can do one further year of academic study before taking Advanced Supplementary examinations (AS-levels).Alternatively, there are career-based qualifications, such as General National Vocational Qualifications (GNVQs) or vocational A-levels, which can be taken after one or two years of study. All these courses give access to university or further study.Students usually study from 8 to 12 GCSE subjects over two years. Most students study a core of statutory subjects and choose additional subjects from a list.On any GCSE course, you receive formal tuition in the classroom and laboratory but are also encouraged to work independently and undertake research for projects, often outside school hours. Educational visits, either on your own or as part of a small group, are often part of the timetable. Some subjects take account of the work you do throughout the year, while others are assessed entirely by examination. Examinations are independently marked and graded. GCSE grades range from A (the highest) to G.New GCSEs in vocational subjects are a career-based version of the GCSE. Eight subjects are available: Art and Design, Business, Engineering, Health and Social Care, Information and Communications Technology (ICT), Leisure and Tourism, Manufacturing, and Science. One vocational GCSE is equivalent to two conventional GCSEs. As with other GCSEs, grades range from A (the highest) to G.Sixth-formers usually finish their secondary education at the age of eighteen with A-levels or equivalent qualifications, then go on to study at either furtheror higher education level.Task 4【答案】A.B.1) F 2) F【原文】Kate: Yes, it's difficult to teach children these days, when many of them know they won't get jobs. It's hard to control the class if you can't punish them.I often hit them with a ruler. Of course, in my part of Scotland we'reallowed to hit them, and I think it's necessary — some children needdiscipline.Interviewer: What do you think, Rolf I know you feel very strongly about corporal punishment.Rolf: I don't agree with Kate. I know it's difficult to be a teacher, but I think it always has been. But you don't have to use violence. It'simpossible to teach students about non-violence and being good citizenswhen you are violent yourself.Interviewer: What do the Welsh think, Jane Rolf thinks corporal punishment is wrong. Jane: Yes, I think so too.Interviewer: And RaoulRaoul: Well, I think it's sometimes necessary. When one child constantly disobeys, you have to beat him, or else send him away —maybe to a specialschool. It's impossible to teach the rest of the class if you have onestudent who constantly misbehaves. It's bad for the others. Interviewer: Did anyone beat you when you were at schoolRaoul: Well...Task 5【答案】A.1) Because the television program by that name can now be seen in many parts of the world.2) This program is very popular among children. Some educators object to certain elements in the program. Parents praise it highly. Many teachers also considerit a great help, though some teachers find that problems arise when first graders who have learned from “Sesame Street” are in the same class with children who have not watched the program.3) In order to increase the number of children who can watch it regularly.4)1. The reasons may include the educational theories of its creators, the supportby both government and private businesses, and the skillful use of a variety of TV tricks2. Perhaps an equally important reason is that mothers watch “Sesame Street”alongwith their children. This is partly because famous adult stars often appear on “Sesame Street”.3. The best reason for the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching it feel able to learn. The child finds himself learning, and he wants to learn more.B.1) six million; regularly; half; economic; racial; geographical2) fifty; Spanish; Portuguese; German; one hundred thousand; English; every two weeks3) songs; stories; jokes; pictures; numbers; letters; human relationships【原文】Sesame Street" has been called "the longest street in the world. That is because the television program by that name can now be seen in so many parts of the world. That program became one of America’s exports soon after it went on the air in New York in 1969.In the United States more than six million children watch the program regularly. The viewers include more than half the nation’s pre-school children, from every kind of economic, racial, and geographical group.Although some educators object to certain elements in the program, parents praise it highly. Many teachers consider it a great help, though some teachers find that problems arise when first graders who have learned from “Sesame Street” are in the same class with children who have not watched the program.Tests have shown that children from all racial, geographical, and economic backgrounds have benefited from watching "Sesame Street". Those who watch it five times a week learn more than the occasional viewers. In the United States the program is shown at different hours during the week in order to increase the number of children who can watch it regularly.In its American form "Sesame Street" is shown in nearly fifty countries. Three foreign shows based on "Sesame Street" have also appeared in Spanish, Portuguese, and German. Viewers of the show in Japan buy one hundred thousand booklets with translations of the English sound track every two weeks.The program uses songs, stories, jokes and pictures to give children a basic understanding of numbers, letters and human relations. But there are some differences. For example, the Spanish program, produced in Mexico City, devotes more time to teaching whole words than to teaching separate letters.Why has "Sesame Street" been so much more successful than other children's shows Many reasons have been suggested. People mention the educational theories of its creators, the support by the government and private businesses, and the skillful use of a variety of TV tricks. Perhaps an equally important reason is that mothers watch "Sesame Street" along with their children. This is partly because famous adult stars often appear on "Sesame Street". But the best reason for the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching it feel able to learn. The child finds himself learning, and he wants to learn more.Task 6【答案】A.1) It is to have all public schools connected to the Internet computer system andhave computers available for all students.2) Its web site provides information about the school, the teacher and their mailaddresses. It also lists student events and organizations.3) They learn numbers and letters. They also learn how to use the computers theywill need later in their education.B.1) 1994; 35%; Last year; 89%2) universities; colleges; urge; require【原文】One of the goals of American education officials is to have all public schools connected to the Internet computer system and have computers for all students. Government studies show that in 1994 only 35 percent of American public schools were connected to the Internet. Last year, that number reached 89 percent.Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University is a large university in the southern state of Virginia. Officials at Virginia Tech say computers are very important to a student's education. All students at Virginia Tech have been required to have a computer since 1998.Each student's living area at Virginia Tech has the necessary wires to link a computer to the Internet. The students can send and receive electronic mail, use the World Wide Web part of the Internet and link with other universities, all without leaving their rooms. They can also use their computers to send electronic copies of their school work to their teachers. And they can search for books in the school's huge library.Most major American universities and colleges strongly urge or require new students to have a computer. Most colleges and universities also have large roomswhere students can use computers for classwork.American high schools also have computers. Many have their own areas on the World Wide Web. If you have a computer you can learn about Fremont Union High School in Sunnyvale, California, for example. Its web site provides information about the school, the teachers and their electronic mail addresses. It also lists student events and organizations.Young children also use computers in school. Smoketree Elementary School, in Lake Havasu, Arizona is a good example. The school also has a World Wide Web site. It tells about the school and the teachers and has an area for young children. These young children use computers in school to learn numbers and letters. They also learn how to use the computers they will need later in their education.Task 7【答案】A.I. spoken; writtenA. saying poetry aloud; giving speechesB. advanced degrees; field of study; custom; candidates; doctor’s degreeII. writtenA. nineteenthB. the great increase in population; the development of modern industryC.1. objective; personal opinions; memory of facts and details; range of knowledge;a fairer chance; easier; quicker; learning2. essay; ling answers; broad general questions; the element of luck; put facts together into a meaningful whole; really knowing much about the subject; have trouble expressing their ideas in essay form; examiner’s feelings at the time of reading the answer.III.unsatisfactory; along withB.b【原文】In ancient time the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome , testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctor's degree.Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same question, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory. Certainly, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines. There is nothing very human about the examination process.Two types of tests are commonly used in modern schools. The first type sometimes called an “objective” test. It is intended to deal with facts., not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material properly.For testing a student's memory of facts and details, the objective testhas advantages. It can be scored very quickly by the teacher or even by a machine. In a short time the teacher can find out a great deal about the student's range of knowledge.For testing some kinds of learning, however, such a test is not very satisfactory.A lucky student may guess the correct answer without really knowing the material. For a clearer picture of what the students knows, most teachers use another kind of examination in addition to objective tests. They use “essay” tests, which require students to write long answer to broad general questions.One advantage of the essay test is that it reduces the element of luck. The student cannot get a high score just by making a lucky guess. Another advantage is that it shows the examiner more about the student’s ability to put facts together into a meaningful whole. It should show how deeply he has thought about the subject. Sometimes, though, essay tests have disadvantages, too. Some students are able to write rather good answers without really knowing much about the subject, while other students who actually know the material have trouble expressing their ideas in the essay form.Besides, on an essay test the student's score may depend upon the examiner's feelings at the time of reading the answer. If he is feeling tired or bored, the student may receive a lower score than he should. Another examiner reading the same answer might give it a much higher mark. From this standpoint the objective test gives each student a fairer chance, and of course it is easier and quicker to score.Most teachers and students would probably agree that examinations are unsatisfactory. Whether an objective test or an essay test is used, problems arise. When some objective questions are used along with some essay questions, however, a fairly clear picture of the student's knowledge can usually be obtained.Task 8Americans know that higher education is the key to the growth they need to lifttheir country, and today that is more true than ever. Just listen to these facts. Over half the new jobs created in the last three years have been managerial and professional jobs. The new jobs require a higher level of skills.Fifteen years ago the typical worker with a college degree made 38 percent more than a worker with a high school diploma. Today that figure is 73 percent more. Two years of college means a 20 percent increase annual earnings. People who finish two years of college earn a quarter of a million dollars more tan their high school counterparts over a lifetime.。

第5单元课后练习答案P137Pair Work1. Because the pole was set at 17 feet which was three inches higher than his personal best.2. Because pole-vaulting combines the grace of a gymnast with the strength of a body builder.3. His childhood dream was to fly. His mother read him numerous stories about flying when he was growing up.4. Because he believed in hard work and sweat. His motto is: If you want something, work for it!5. Michael’s mother wished he could rela x a bit more and be that “free dreaming” little boy. On one occasion she attempted to talk to him and his father about this, but Michael’s father quickly interrupted, smiled and said, “You want something, work for it!”6. He began a very careful training program.7. He seemed unaware of the fact that he had just beaten his personal best by three inches. He was very calm.8. He began to feel nervous when the bar was set at nine inches higher than his personal best.9. What his mother had taught him about how to deal with tension or anxiety helped him overcome his nervousness.10. The singing of some distant birds in flight made him associate his final jump with his childhood dream.11. He could imagine the smile on his mother’s face. He thought his father was probably smiling too, even laughing. However, in fact, his father hugged his wife and cried like a baby in her arms. 12. Because he was blind.P138Text Organization1. Michael faced the most challenging competition in his pole-vaulting career.Michael’s childhood was marked with dreams and tough traini ng.Michael topped his personal best, won the championship and set a new world record.2. 1) It also has the element of flying, and the thought of flying as high as two-story building is a mere fantasy to anyone watching such an event.As long as Michael could remember he had always dreamed of flying.2) All of Michael’s vaults today seemed to be the reward for his hard work.P139(1) startled (2) bale of hay (3) off (4) intensify (5) shaking the tension (6) tense (7) description (8) out of nowhere (9) pictured (10) scaredP142Vocabulary1. 1) startled 2) mere 3) motion 4) sweating 5) stretched out 6) vain 7) On one occasion 8) anxiety 9) emotions10) ashamed of 11) In my mind’s eye 12) recurringP1432. 1) coincides with her husband’s 2) sends the pric es soaring/results in the soaring of prices3) of alternate sunshine and rain 4) have been his lifelong passions, although he studied economics at university5) Tension came over her3. 1) media dedication to grace 2) his competitors in excitement hug him congratulate him on3) emotions numerous intensify passion forP1441. Mike, a Green, made the suggestion that a large park be built near the community.2. In a letter to his daughter, Mr. Smith expressed his wish that she (should) continue her education to acquire still another degree.3. There is no reason to hold the belief that humans have no direct moral responsibility to safeguard the welfare of animals.4. Children need to feel safe about the world they grow up in, and it is unwise to give them the idea that everything they come into contact with might be a threat.5. Anxiety can result from the notion that life has not treated us fairly.6. Nobody believed his claim that he was innocent.P145/1461. I work out in the gym for one hour every morning.2. Florence has worked as a cleaner at the factory for five years.3. The wounded man worked his way across the field on his hands and knees.4. The safe load for a truck of this type works out at about twenty-five tons.5. It is difficult to understand how human minds work.6. To my disappointment, the manager’s plan of promoting the new products doesn’t work at all.7. The teacher has a lot of experience of working with children who don’t know how to learn.8. The medicine was like magic, and it worked instantly after you took it.P146/147Comprehensive ExercisesI. Close1.1) In my mind’s eye 2) groan 3) competitor 4) intensify 5) anxiety 6) tense 7) sweat 8) tension9) soaring 10) recurring 11) brought me back to earth 12) fantasy 13) sweat 14) congratulate15) numerous 16) media2.1) engineer 2) forget 3) convinced 4) how 5) build 6) accident 7) thought 8) only 9) sharp 10)touched 11) instructions 12) finallyP147II. Translation1) It is the creativity and dedication of the workers and executives that turned the company into a profitable business.2) The prices of food and medicine have soared in the past three months.3) We plan to repaint the upper floors of the office building.4) His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimes coincide.5) I don't want to see my beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed and groaning painfully.P148Numerous facts bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry. You needn't/don't have to be ashamed of crying. Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case of/Take Donna. Her son unfortunately died in a car accident. The intensity of the blow made her unable to cry. She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry. And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders. It was the tears that brought me back to earth and helped me survive the crisis.”P152Comprehension Check1. b2. c3. b4. b5. c6. aP1531.我觉得如果有一天我无法再抬起一只脚迈上一个台阶，再痛苦地拖起另一只脚——将这个过程重复14遍，直到精疲力竭爬上去——到那时我就会服输并躺下死去。

UNIT 5TEXT在一个年轻朋友的眼中，爱因斯坦是一位朴素、谦虚的普通人。

教授和溜溜球托马斯. 李. 巴基及约瑟夫.布兰克我父亲与阿尔伯特. 爱因斯坦是密友。

青年时上爱因斯坦家去拜访，我很害羞，爱因斯坦就说：“我给你看一样东西。

”他的话使我感到释然。

他走向他的书桌，转过身时拿着一个溜溜球。

他试着给我演示它如何运动，却不能让它沿绳子卷上去。

该轮到我时，我仅略施小技，并且向他指出他将绳子卷错了，玩具就失去了平衡。

爱因斯坦点着头，对我的技巧和知识留下了很深的印象。

后来，我买了一个新的溜溜球，寄给教授作为圣诞礼物，并收到了他的一首充满感谢的诗。

由少年而至成年，我从未失去对爱因斯坦独具人格的好奇心。

他是我所知的唯一的一个对自己对周围很淡泊的人。

他知道自己需要什么，仅需要：在作为人的能力范围内去了解宇宙的特性，它的逻辑及功能的易行性。

他知道有他智力所不能及的答案。

但这并不令他泄气。

他对自己所能做到的感到满足。

在我们长达23年的友情里，我从未见他表示过妒忌、虚荣心、痛苦、愤怒、憎恨或个人野心。

他不弄玄虚。

尽管他与世界上许多头面人物有过书信交往，他的信笺上却只有一个水印-W-代表伍尔沃斯连锁店。

他工作只需一支铅笔和一本便签薄。

物质财富对他来说并不意味着什么，我知道他身上从不带钱，因为他不需要它。

他恪守俭朴，节俭之甚，仅用安全剃刀和水来刮胡须。

当我向他建议用刮须膏时，他说：“刀和水能管用。

”他耸耸肩。

最后，我送他一管刮须膏。

第二天早晨他下楼吃早餐时，脸上洋溢着伟大新发现的喜悦。

“你知道刮须膏真管用，”他宣称，“感觉真好。

”尔后，他每天使用刮须膏，直到那一管用完为止。

然后他重又使用清水。

爱因斯坦是一个地地道道的理论家。

他对自己的思想和理念在实际上的应用毫无兴趣。

他的E=mc2可能是历史上最有名的方程式-然而爱因斯坦不愿到外面去看核反应堆产生原子能。

他的光电理论，他认为不甚重要的一系列方程式，为他赢得了诺贝尔奖，但他对他的理论如何用来生产电视机毫不关心。

Unit 5(英语二)Text AExercises for the TextI.1.d2.a3.b4.d5.bII.1.original2.transformation3.distinct4.spontaneous5.individual6.essentially7.diverse 8.live 9.imitate 10.out of doorsIII.1.maintenance2.spontaneity3.popularity4.expression5.rhythm6.distinction/distinctness7.penetration 8.immigration 9.transformation10.synthesisIV.1.a.blues b.rock'n'roll c.folk music2.a.essentially a black mediumb.rhythmic dance musicc.popular among college students3.a.originated in San Francisco,in the United Statesb.led by the Beatles,in England4.a.it brings together separate musical traditions;b.it makes use of the full range of electric instruments and the technology of electric amplifiers;c. it becomes a multimedia experienceV.1.The new music was made out of the three forms of music in existence.2.Rock'n'Roll is very rhythmic,so it is popular among young people.3.The Beatles was a famous Rock group in England.4.Modern music pays a great deal of attention to the participation of its audience.5.Electric amplifiers make music loud and penetrating.Vocabulary ExercisesI.1.a.music b.musical c.musically d.musician2.a.conscious b.Consciousness c.consciously3.a.limited b.limits c.limitations d.limitless4.a.original b.originated c.origianlityII.1.synthesis2.studio3.spontaneous4.readily5.passive6.multimedia7.distinct 8.sentiment 9.anti-war10.EclecticismIII.1.This chapter is on the transformation of heat energy into dynamic energy.2.A group of people gathered spontaneously on the spot of the accident.3.The quarrel originated form misunderstanding.4.The army took over the city after 1949.5.You should not take on too much work for the sake of your health.Text BExercises for the TextI.1.T2.T3.F4.T5.T6.T7.F8.T9.T 10.FII.1.the spontaneously inspired type; the constructive; the traditionalist type2.wellpleted composition; musical theme4.the shorter; a stretch5.creative; musical theme6.notebooks7.preliminary8.pattern; theme9.for the sake of10.harmonies; sonorities; formal principlesVocabulary ExercisesI.1.a2.b3.b4.b5.aII.1.不变地常变的多样化多种多样的2.有创造力的创造创造3.作曲家创作作品4.特有的特性塑造特性特性塑造5.各种各样的多样化的使不同多样性6.传统传统的传统主义者7.建造建设性的建筑8.果实有收益的无收获的Grammar Exercises。

Unit 5 Pursuit of Happiness1. Background Information (1)2. Lead-in Video clip --- Script (4)3. Questions for discussion (5)II. Detailed Reading (7)1. Structure Analysis (7)2. Comprehension Questions (7)3. Difficult Sentence (8)4. Vocabulary & Expressions (9)III. After Reading (21)1. Oral Activity (21)2. Proverbs & Quotations (22)3. Practical Writing --- Letter of Application (22)IV. Supplementary Reading (25)1. Lead-in questions (25)2. Detailed reading --- Vocabulary and Expressions (25)3. Difficult Sentences (41)4. Interaction (42)V. Key to Exercises (32)I. Starter1.Background Information1) A brief introduction to the movie “ The Pursuit of Happyness”The Pursuit of Happyness is a 2006 American biographical based on 's nearly one-year struggle with homelessness. Directed by , the film features as Gardner, an on-and-off-homeless salesman. Smith's son co-stars, making his film debut as Gardner's son, Christopher.The title -- "The Pursuit of Happyness" comes from a misspelled schoolhouse mural -- has a lot on its mind but mostly this: If America is about the promise of bettering oneself, why does it have to be so freaking hard? In the movie, Jefferson's Declaration of Independence words about happiness kept recurring to Chris Gardner. Every day, Christ had to work hard from morning till night, but still could hardly make a living. Chris saw a bunch of suits, mostly male, pouring out of the Dean Witter Reynolds brokerage firm in downtown San Francisco. They all looked “happy,” “Why not me? “ Christ wondered. He did have an adorable boy, Christopher, but wife Linda was becoming a scarecrow of overworked anxiety. Finally, his wife left Christ because of life pressure, leaving him and her five-year-old son, Christopher. And naturally, Christ became a single father.With the failure of his business, Christ had no money to pay for the rent, so they were driven away from the flat. They became homeless. They slept in asylum, subway station public bathroom or anywhere as a temporary shelter. The destitution of life was absolutely depressing, but for his son’s future, for his own belief, Christ never gave up and he still strongly believed that happiness would come one day if he worked hard enough today.With his great efforts, Christ won a six-month internship at Dean Witter, but there was no pay at all. So on one hand, Christ had to work hard to make a living; on the other hand, he had to fight for his intern work, since only one of the twenty interns would succeed finally. Besides, he had to take good care of his son after day care. However, Christ made it with his amazing willpower.Christ was unfortunate, for he got a wife who was not understandable at all (though she has her own difficulties) and was in bad luck with his business. But he was very fortunate also, for he got a son who was very thoughtful and, I think, toughlife experiences always make a great person.2)Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness"Life, Liberty and the pursuit ofHappiness" is a well-known phrase inthe . The phrase gives examples of the various"unalienable rights" which the Declarationsays all human beings have been given bytheir Creator and for the protection of whichthey institute governments.The was drafted by , edited by the , thenfurther edited and adopted by the of the onJuly 4, 1776. The second section of text in theDeclaration contains the phrase.Jefferson's "original Rough draught" is on exhibit in the Library of Congress. This version was used by to create a transcript of Jefferson's draft, which reads: We hold these truths to be sacred & undeniable; that all men are created equal & independent, that from that equal creation they derive rights inherent & inalienable, among which are the preservation of life, & liberty, & the pursuit of happiness; ...The Committee of Five edited Jefferson's draft. Their version survived further edits by the whole Congress intact, and reads:We hold these truths to be self-evident, that , that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. ——A number of possible sources or inspirations for Jefferson's use of the phrase in the Declaration of Independence have been identified, although scholars debate the extent to which any one of them actually influenced Jefferson. Jefferson declared himself an Epicurean during his lifetime: this is a philosophical doctrine that teaches the pursuit of happiness and proposes , which translates as self-sufficiency or freedom.The greatest disagreement comes between those who suggest the phrase was drawn from and those who identify some other source.3)Consumer ReportsConsumer Reports is an published monthly by since1936. It publishes reviews and comparisons of consumerproducts and services based on reporting and results fromits in-house testing and survey research center. It alsopublishes cleaning and general buying guides. It hasapproximately million subscribers and an annual testingbudget of approximately US$21 million.2. Lead-in Video clip --- ScriptChris Gardner: Hey, you know what today is?Christopher: Yeah.Chris Gardner: What?Christopher: Saturday.Chris Gardner: You know what Saturday is. Right?Christopher: Yeah.Chris Gardner: What?Christopher: Basketball.Chris Gardner: You wanna go play some basketball?Christopher: Okay.Chris Gardner: All right, then w e’re gonna go sell a bone-density scanner. How about that?Wanna do that?Christopher: No. Hey, Dad. I’m going pro. I’m going pro.Chris Gardner: Okay. Yeah, I don’t know, you know. You’ll probably be about as good as I was.That’s kind of the way it works, you know. I was below average. Youknow, so you’ll probably ultimately rank...somewhere around there, youknow, so...I really—You’ll excel at a lot of things, just not this. I don’t want youshooting this ball all day and night. All right?Christopher: All right.Chris Gardner: Okay. All right, go ahead. Hey, don’t ever let somebody tell you...you can’t do something. Not even me. All right?Christopher: All right.Chris Gardner: You got a dream...you gotta protect it. People can’t do somethin g themselves...they wanna tell you you can’t do it. If you want something, go get it. Period. Let’sgo.Christopher: Dad, why did we move to a motel ?Chris Gardner: I told you, because I’m getting a better job. You gotta trust me, all right? Christopher: I trust you.Chris Gardner: All right, here. Come on, come on. Keep up.Christopher: Dad, when’s Mom coming back? Dad, when’s Mom coming back?Chris Gardner: I don’t know, Christopher.Christopher: Dad, listen to this. One day, a man was drowning in the water. And a boat came by and said, “Do you need any help?” He said, “No, thank you. God willsave me.” Then another boat came by. Said, “Do you need any help?” Andhe said, “No, thank you. God will save me.” Then he drowned, and he went toh eaven. And he said, “God, why didn’t you save me?” And God said, “I sent youtwo big boats, you dummy.” Do you like it?Chris Gardner: Yeah, that’s very funny, man. Give me you hand.(From: The Pursuit of Happiness 53'38"—56'45").3. Questions for discussion1. How do you understand the expression “The Pursuit of Happiness”?2. Why did Chris Gardner discourage Christopher at first and then encourage him in another way?3. Christopher told a story about a drowning man in the end of the movie clip, what can you get from this story?4. Do you have a good relationship between your father and you? Please share a story about your father.II. Detailed Reading1. Structure AnalysisParts Para(s) Main Ideas1 1-2 Surprisingly, investigations show that overall well-being in the period ofeconomic downturn was higher.2 3-6 By lowering living standard, people realized that happiness has a closerrelationship with their causes and relatives than with their properties.3 7 The author concludes the characteristics of happiness.prehension Questions1). According to Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index, which state is the glummest one? (b)a. California.b. West Virginia.c. Utah.d. Florida.2). According to an August report from the Pepsi Optimism Project, which of the followings cannot reflect that Americans are more optimistic than a year ago?(b)a. Interpersonal relationships.b. Achievements of work and finances.c. Chances of pursuing love.d. Well-being and health.3). Which parts of raised expectations are plainly good? (d)a. We expect to live well into our 80s because medicine keeps getting better.b. Many more high school students expect to go to college.c. We expect our gadgets to get smaller and smarter, cooler and cheaper, becausetechnology evolves exponentially, and at light speed.d. All of the above.4). Why so many people tell pollsters that the voluntary downshifting and downsizing of the past year have come as a kind of relief? (a)a. Because they already knew that money can buy only comfort, not contentment;happiness correlates much more closely with our causes and connections than with our net worth.b. Because optimism is the all-American anesthetic.c. Because it is a coincidence.d. Because they flashed back a generation and finally realized that money has norelation with happiness.5). Which of the followings is not stated in text? (c)a. Happiness rises as it ricochets off other people, returning to us stronger by virtueof being released.b. A million more Americans volunteered their time to a cause, although they mayhave less money.c. A surprising fact of life is that in countries where nearly everyone can affordlife’s necessities, increasing affluence matters surprisingly little.d. Expectation Inflation is a phenomenon that can be as corrosive to our spirits asprice inflation is to our savings.3.Difficult Sentence1)Happiness is a sappy word and a flimsy concept—more fleeting than contentment,several octaves lower than joy.Translation: “幸福”是一个感性的字眼，并非实打实的概念—比“满足”更短暂，比“高兴”则要低几个八度。

Fifteen years ago the typical worker with a college degree made 38 percent more than a worker with a high school diploma. Today that figure is 73 percent more. Two years of college means a 20 percent increase annual earnings. People who finish two years of college earn a quarter of a million dollars more tan their high school counterparts over a lifetime.Unit 5Task 1【答案】A.1) People’s ideas on permanent education.2) One is an ordinary “man in the street”. The other is an educational psychologist.3) The first person thinks this idea of permanent education is crazy. He can’t understand peoplewho want to spend all their lives in school. The second person thinks the idea of permanent education is practical because people are never really too old to go on learning.B.1) was; hated; stand; got out 2) all their lives 3) certain limits; age limits【原文】Two people are interviewed about their ideas on education. One is an ordinary "man in the street"; the other is an educational psychologist.The man in the street:When I was at school, I hated it. I couldn't stand it. I wasn't happy until I got out. I think this idea of permanent education is crazy. I know some people go back to school when they're older, go to language classes at the local "tech" and all that, but I can't understand people who want to spend all their lives in school.The educational psychologist:The idea of permanent education is practical because we're never really too old to go on learning. Of course, there are certain limits, but they aren't age limits. For example, let's say a man past sixty tries to learn how to play football. It's foolish for him to do that, but only because his body is too old, not his mind!Task 2【答案】1) He stayed there for a year.2) He has faint, but very pleasant memories of it. He had fun and played games---including story-telling, drawing, singing and dancing.3) He began t have more formal lessons and even worry about exams.4) The exam was called the “Eleven Plus”. Students took the exam to see what kind of secondary school they would get into.【原文】John is talking to Martin about his primary schooling.Martin: Did you go to a state primary school?John: Yes, I did. I went to a nursery school first, at the age of four, but this was purely voluntary.There was a good kindergarten in our neighbourhood so my parents decided to send me there for a year.Martin: Can you still remember it?John: Yes, I have faint, but very pleasant memories of it. It was a delightful place, full of fun and games. As in most nursery schools, work —if you can call it that —consisted of storytelling, drawing, singing and dancing.Martin: You probably don't remember but you must have missed it when you left — you know, when you went to the Infants' School at the age of five.John: I suppose I must have, but you know, right up to the age of seven, school life was very pleasant. It was only later in the Junior School that we began to have more formal lessons and even worry about exams.Martin: Really? Did you have to do exams at that age?John: Yes, we used to then. We had to take an exam at the age of eleven called the "Eleven Plus"to see what kind of Secondary school we would get into. But this exam has disappeared nowadays.Task 3【答案】A.1) compulsory; the ages of 5 and 16; state-funded; independent2) available; at a nursery school; in the nursery class at a primary school3) preparatory; primary; aged 5 to 134) enter the state education system; at the age of 5; secondary school5) 7, 11, 13 or 16; gain admission at 11 or 13; the Common Entrance Examination6) one further year; Advanced Supplementary Examinations; Advanced Level Examinations7) classroom; laboratory; work independently; undertake research for projects8) vocational; conventional9) secondary education; with A-levels; further; higherB.1) GCSE stand for the General Certificate of Secondary Education. It is normally take at the age of sixteen.2) Students usually study form 8 to 12 subjects over two years.3) Some subjects take account of the work students do throughout the year, while others are assessed entirely by examination.【原文】Education in the United Kingdom is compulsory for everyone between the ages of five and sixteen, and is provided by two kinds of schools: state-funded schools and independent (fee-charging) schools.Children educationPre-school or pre-preparatory education: pre-school education is available in both theindependent and the state systems. Many children start their education at the age of three or four at a nursery school or in the nursery class at a primary school.Preparatory education: in the independent system, preparatory (or primary) education is available for children aged 5 to 13.Primary education: most children in the United Kingdom enter the state education system when they go to primary school at the age of five and generally move to secondary school or college at the age of 11.Secondary education (including the General Certificate of Secondary Education and equivalents)Most pupils enter independent boarding schools at the age of 7, 11, 13 or 16. To gain admission at 11 or 13, some pupils sit an exam called the Common Entrance Examination. At 16, they enter the school to study in its sixth form (for A-levels and equivalent qualifications).All UK secondary schools, both state and independent, teach pupils at least until the age of sixteen and prepare them for the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) or equivalent qualifications. Significant numbers of international students enter the UK secondary education system when they are either eleven or thirteen. Many attend independent boarding schools.GCSEs in vocational subjects are normally taken at the age of 16. Following these, students can do one further year of academic study before taking Advanced Supplementary examinations (AS-levels).Alternatively, there are career-based qualifications, such as General National Vocational Qualifications (GNVQs) or vocational A-levels, which can be taken after one or two years of study. All these courses give access to university or further study.Students usually study from 8 to 12 GCSE subjects over two years. Most students study a core of statutory subjects and choose additional subjects from a list.On any GCSE course, you receive formal tuition in the classroom and laboratory but are also encouraged to work independently and undertake research for projects, often outside school hours. Educational visits, either on your own or as part of a small group, are often part of the timetable. Some subjects take account of the work you do throughout the year, while others are assessed entirely by examination. Examinations are independently marked and graded. GCSE grades range from A (the highest) to G.New GCSEs in vocational subjects are a career-based version of the GCSE. Eight subjects are available: Art and Design, Business, Engineering, Health and Social Care, Information and Communications Technology (ICT), Leisure and Tourism, Manufacturing, and Science. One vocational GCSE is equivalent to two conventional GCSEs. As with other GCSEs, grades range from A (the highest) to G.Sixth-formers usually finish their secondary education at the age of eighteen with A-levels or equivalent qualifications, then go on to study at either further or higher education level.Task 4【答案】1) F 2) F【原文】Kate: Yes, it's difficult to teach children these days, when many of them know they won't get jobs.It's hard to control the class if you can't punish them. I often hit them with a ruler. Ofcourse, in my part of Scotland we're allowed to hit them, and I think it's necessary —some children need discipline.Interviewer: What do you think, Rolf? I know you feel very strongly about corporal punishment.Rolf: I don't agree with Kate. I know it's difficult to be a teacher, but I think it always has been. But you don't have to use violence. It's impossible to teach students aboutnon-violence and being good citizens when you are violent yourself.Interviewer: What do the Welsh think, Jane? Rolf thinks corporal punishment is wrong.Jane: Yes, I think so too.Interviewer: And Raoul?Raoul: Well, I think it's sometimes necessary. When one child constantly disobeys, you have to beat him, or else send him away — maybe to a special school. It's impossible toteach the rest of the class if you have one student who constantly misbehaves. It's badfor the others.Interviewer: Did anyone beat you when you were at school?Raoul: Well...Task 5【答案】A.1) Because the television program by that name can now be seen in many parts of the world.2) This program is very popular among children. Some educators object to certain elements in the program. Parents praise it highly. Many teachers also consider it a great help, though some teachers find that problems arise when first graders who have learned from “Sesame Street” are in the same class with children who have not watched the program.3) In order to increase the number of children who can watch it regularly.4)1. The reasons may include the educational theories of its creators, the support by bothgovernment and private businesses, and the skillful use of a variety of TV tricks2. Perhaps an equally important reason is that mothers watch “Sesame Street”along with theirchildren. This is partly because famous adult stars often appear on “Sesame Street”.3. The best reason for the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching it feel able to learn. The child finds himself learning, and he wants to learn more.B.1) six million; regularly; half; economic; racial; geographical2) fifty; Spanish; Portuguese; German; one hundred thousand; English; every two weeks3) songs; stories; jokes; pictures; numbers; letters; human relationships【原文】Sesame Street" has been called "the longest street in the world. That is because the television program by that name can now be seen in so many parts of the world. That program became one of America’s exports soon after it went on the air in New York in 1969.In the United States more than six million children watch the program regularly. The viewers include more than half the nation’s pre-school children, from every kind of economic, racial, and geographical group.Although some educators object to certain elements in the program, parents praise it highly. Many teachers consider it a great help, though some teachers find that problems arise when first graders who have learned from “Sesame Street” are in the same class with children who have not watched the program.Tests have shown that children from all racial, geographical, and economic backgrounds have benefited from watching "Sesame Street". Those who watch it five times a week learn more than the occasional viewers. In the United States the program is shown at different hours during the week in order to increase the number of children who can watch it regularly.In its American form "Sesame Street" is shown in nearly fifty countries. Three foreign shows based on "Sesame Street" have also appeared in Spanish, Portuguese, and German. Viewers of the show in Japan buy one hundred thousand booklets with translations of the English sound track every two weeks.The program uses songs, stories, jokes and pictures to give children a basic understanding of numbers, letters and human relations. But there are some differences. For example, the Spanish program, produced in Mexico City, devotes more time to teaching whole words than to teaching separate letters.Why has "Sesame Street" been so much more successful than other children's shows? Many reasons have been suggested. People mention the educational theories of its creators, the support by the government and private businesses, and the skillful use of a variety of TV tricks. Perhaps an equally important reason is that mothers watch "Sesame Street" along with their children. This is partly because famous adult stars often appear on "Sesame Street". But the best reason for the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching it feel able to learn. The child finds himself learning, and he wants to learn more.Task 6【答案】A.1) It is to have all public schools connected to the Internet computer system and have computersavailable for all students.2) Its web site provides information about the school, the teacher and their mail addresses. It alsolists student events and organizations.3) They learn numbers and letters. They also learn how to use the computers they will need later intheir education.B.1) 1994; 35%; Last year; 89%2) universities; colleges; urge; require【原文】One of the goals of American education officials is to have all public schools connected to the Internet computer system and have computers for all students. Government studies show that in 1994 only 35 percent of American public schools were connected to the Internet. Last year, that number reached 89 percent.Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University is a large university in the southern state of Virginia. Officials at Virginia Tech say computers are very important to a student's education. All students at Virginia Tech have been required to have a computer since 1998.Each student's living area at Virginia Tech has the necessary wires to link a computer to the Internet. The students can send and receive electronic mail, use the World Wide Web part of the Internet and link with other universities, all without leaving their rooms. They can also use their computers to send electronic copies of their school work to their teachers. And they can search for books in the school's huge library.Most major American universities and colleges strongly urge or require new students to have a computer. Most colleges and universities also have large rooms where students can use computers for classwork.American high schools also have computers. Many have their own areas on the World Wide Web. If you have a computer you can learn about Fremont Union High School in Sunnyvale, California, for example. Its web site provides information about the school, the teachers and their electronic mail addresses. It also lists student events and organizations.Young children also use computers in school. Smoketree Elementary School, in Lake Havasu, Arizona is a good example. The school also has a World Wide Web site. It tells about the school and the teachers and has an area for young children. These young children use computers in school to learn numbers and letters. They also learn how to use the computers they will need later in their education.Task 7【答案】A.I. spoken; writtenA. saying poetry aloud; giving speechesB. advanced degrees; field of study; custom; candidates; doctor’s degreeII. writtenA. nineteenthB. the great increase in population; the development of modern industryC.1. objective; personal opinions; memory of facts and details; range of knowledge; a fairer chance; easier; quicker; learning2. essay; ling answers; broad general questions; the element of luck; put facts together into a meaningful whole; really knowing much about the subject; have trouble expressing their ideas in essay form; examiner’s feelings at the time of reading the answer.III.unsatisfactory; along withB.b【原文】In ancient time the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome , testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctor's degree.Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same question, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory. Certainly, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines. There is nothing very human about the examination process.Two types of tests are commonly used in modern schools. The first type sometimes called an “objective” test. It is intended to deal with facts., not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material properly.For testing a student's memory of facts and details, the objective test has advantages. It can be scored very quickly by the teacher or even by a machine. In a short time the teacher can find out a great deal about the student's range of knowledge.For testing some kinds of learning, however, such a test is not very satisfactory. A lucky student may guess the correct answer without really knowing the material. For a clearer picture of what the students knows, most teachers use another kind of examination in addition to objective tests. They use “essay”tests, which require students to write long answer to broad general questions.One advantage of the essay test is that it reduces the element of luck. The student cannot get a high score just by making a lucky guess. Another advantage is that it shows the examiner more about the student’s ability to put facts together into a meaningful whole. It should show how deeply he has thought about the subject. Sometimes, though, essay tests have disadvantages, too. Some students are able to write rather good answers without really knowing much about the subject, while other students who actually know the material have trouble expressing their ideas in the essay form.Besides, on an essay test the student's score may depend upon the examiner's feelings at the time of reading the answer. If he is feeling tired or bored, the student may receive a lower score than he should. Another examiner reading the same answer might give it a much higher mark.From this standpoint the objective test gives each student a fairer chance, and of course it is easier and quicker to score.Most teachers and students would probably agree that examinations are unsatisfactory. Whether an objective test or an essay test is used, problems arise. When some objective questions are used along with some essay questions, however, a fairly clear picture of the student's knowledge can usually be obtained.Task 8Americans know that higher education is the key to the growth they need to lift their country, and today that is more true than ever. Just listen to these facts. Over half the new jobs created in the last three years have been managerial and professional jobs. The new jobs require a higher level of skills.Fifteen years ago the typical worker with a college degree made 38 percent more than a worker with a high school diploma. Today that figure is 73 percent more. Two years of college means a 20 percent increase annual earnings. People who finish two years of college earn a quarter of a million dollars more tan their high school counterparts over a lifetime.。

现代大学英语口语2第二版unit5答案1、一Mary wants to invite you to see the movie today. 一I would rather she（B）me tomorrow. [单选题] *A.tellsB. told (正确答案)C. would tellD. had told2、33．Will Mary's mother ______ this afternoon? [单选题] *A．goes to see a filmB．go to the filmC．see a film(正确答案)D．goes to the film3、80．Thousands of ________ from other countries visit the village every year. [单选题] *A．robotsB．postcardsC．tourists(正确答案)D．bridges4、( ) No matter _____ hard it may be, I will carry it out. [单选题] *A whatB whateverC how(正确答案)D however5、70．Would you like ________，sir? [单选题] *A．something else(正确答案)B．nothing elseC．else somethingD．else anything6、52．I'm happy to ________ a birthday card from an old friend. [单选题] * A．buyB．makeC．loseD．receive(正确答案)7、I do not have my own room,_____. [单选题] *A. neither does Tom(正确答案)B. neither has TomC. so does TomD. so has Tom8、I saw the boy _______?the classroom. [单选题] *A. enter intoB. enter(正确答案)C. to enter intoD. to enter9、This kind of banana tastes very _______. [单选题] *A. nice(正确答案)B. wellC. nicelyD. better10、Be careful when you _______ the street. [单选题] *A. are crossingB. is crossingC. cross(正确答案)D. is cross11、Don’t forget _______ those books when you are free. [单选题] *A. to read(正确答案)B. readingC. readD. to reading12、18．Monica wants to be a _______. She is good at sports and she loves teaching others. [单选题] *A．coach(正确答案)B．secretaryC．architectD．waiter13、———Must I return the book you lent me to you now? ——No, you( ）. You can keep it for another few days. [单选题] *A.can’tB. shouldn'tC. mustn'tD. don, t have to(正确答案)14、--_______ I borrow these magazines?--Sorry, only the magazines over there can be borrowed. [单选题] *A. MustB. WouldC. May(正确答案)D. Need15、Nowadays schools should care for the full _______ of a student’s talents. [单选题] *A. satisfactionB. development(正确答案)C. communicationD. preparation16、Chinese people spend _____ money on travelling today as they did ten years ago. [单选题] *A. more than twiceB. as twice muchC. twice as much(正确答案)D. twice more than17、You can ask（）is on duty there tonight. [单选题] *A. WhatB. whomC. whoever(正确答案)D. whomever18、She spoke with a strong Scottish（）[单选题] *A. speechB. accent(正确答案)C.voiceD. sound19、- I haven't been to Guilin yet.- I haven t been there, ______. [单选题] *A. tooB. alsoC. either(正确答案)D. neither20、Our campus is _____ big that we need a bike to make it. [单选题] *A. veryB. so(正确答案)C. suchD. much21、Since we have _____ money left,we can't afford the expensive computer. [单选题] *A. a littleB. a fewC. little(正确答案)D. few22、Three ______ died of water pollution last winter. [单选题] *A. hundreds of villagersB. hundred villagers(正确答案)C. hundreds villagersD. hundred of villagers23、--Why are you late for school today?--I’m sorry. I didn’t catch the early bus and I had to _______ the next one. [单选题] *A. wait for(正确答案)B. ask forC. care forD. stand for24、Tom is very _______. He never cleans his room. [单选题] *A. lazy(正确答案)B. activeC. shyD. healthy25、64．Would you like to drink ________？[单选题] * A．something else(正确答案)B．anything elseC．else somethingD．else anything26、Guilin is _______ its beautiful scenery. [单选题] *A. famous for(正确答案)B. interested inC. fond ofD. careful with27、31．A key ring is used __________ holding the keys. [单选题] * A．toB．inC．for (正确答案)D．with28、The notice put _______ on the wall says “No Smoking”. [单选题] *A. up(正确答案)B. offC. awayD. out29、It is my _______ to meet you here. [单选题] *A. pleasure(正确答案)B. pleaseC. pleasedD. pleasant30、The（)majority of the members were against the idea. [单选题] *A. substantialB. enormousC. considerable(正确答案)D. overwhelming。

he seemed no more adapted by resemblance of manner to be his friend than Lady Bird wasto be his wife.Unit 5Key to ExerciseVocabulary1.2.1. 一件撕破的夹克2. 冰封的河流3. 书面文件4. 满意的表情5. 一个受尊敬的教授6. 苦笑7. 他有限的词汇8. 压低的价位9. 归国华侨10. 深谋远虑的举动11. 破裂的家庭12. 干果13. 一个松花蛋14.发达国家15. 已经上锁的门16. 被打败的敌人17. 导弹18. 上述各个理由19. 进口机器20. 为数不多的幸运儿21. 一个受伤的士兵22. 事先准备好的讲话23. 开水24. 退休工人25. 罐头食品26．已经完成的表格/形式27. 一位有经验的教师28. 敌占区29. 在打一场已经失败的战争2. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets according to the sentence patterns in bold1. that he decided to devote his whole life to teaching in his home village after he finished school.2. that he soon lost his power (or was overwhlemed)3. that people generally agree that few major/big issues/problems can be resolved without China;s participation.4. with a gun in his hand5. with a page boy standing on either side of his and a few elderly soldiers sweeping the ground outside the city gate.6. with the roaring river in front and the enemy soldiers following closely7. to keep calm8. to be a professor means9. to know a lot of names, persons and events in the past does not necessarily mean3. Fill in the blacks with the correct prepositions or adverbs.1 for, on2 against, out3 to, in4 with, to5 of, of6 of, in spite of, on7 of, in8 Upon, into9 in, with 10 to/with4. Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate phrase in the brackets. Change the form if necessary.1. springing up/ going up (两者均可。

Fifteen years ago the typical worker with a college degree made 38 percent more than a worker with a high school diploma. Today that figure is 73 percent more. Two years of college means a 20 percent increase annual earnings. People who finish two years of college earn a quarter of a million dollars more tan their high school counterparts over a lifetime.Unit 5Task 1【答案】A.1) People’s ideas on permanent education.2) One is an ordinary “man in the street”. The other is an educational psychologist.3) The first person thinks this idea of permanent education is crazy. He can’t understand peoplewho want to spend all their lives in school. The second person thinks the idea of permanent education is practical because people are never really too old to go on learning.B.1) was; hated; stand; got out 2) all their lives 3) certain limits; age limits【原文】Two people are interviewed about their ideas on education. One is an ordinary "man in the street"; the other is an educational psychologist.The man in the street:When I was at school, I hated it. I couldn't stand it. I wasn't happy until I got out. I think this idea of permanent education is crazy. I know some people go back to school when they're older, go to language classes at the local "tech" and all that, but I can't understand people who want to spend all their lives in school.The educational psychologist:The idea of permanent education is practical because we're never really too old to go on learning. Of course, there are certain limits, but they aren't age limits. For example, let's say a man past sixty tries to learn how to play football. It's foolish for him to do that, but only because his body is too old, not his mind!Task 2【答案】1) He stayed there for a year.2) He has faint, but very pleasant memories of it. He had fun and played games---including story-telling, drawing, singing and dancing.3) He began t have more formal lessons and even worry about exams.4) The exam was called the “Eleven Plus”. Students took the exam to see what kind of secondary school they would get into.【原文】John is talking to Martin about his primary schooling.Martin: Did you go to a state primary school?John: Yes, I did. I went to a nursery school first, at the age of four, but this was purely voluntary.There was a good kindergarten in our neighbourhood so my parents decided to send me there for a year.Martin: Can you still remember it?John: Yes, I have faint, but very pleasant memories of it. It was a delightful place, full of fun and games. As in most nursery schools, work —if you can call it that —consisted of storytelling, drawing, singing and dancing.Martin: You probably don't remember but you must have missed it when you left — you know, when you went to the Infants' School at the age of five.John: I suppose I must have, but you know, right up to the age of seven, school life was very pleasant. It was only later in the Junior School that we began to have more formal lessons and even worry about exams.Martin: Really? Did you have to do exams at that age?John: Yes, we used to then. We had to take an exam at the age of eleven called the "Eleven Plus"to see what kind of Secondary school we would get into. But this exam has disappeared nowadays.Task 3【答案】A.1) compulsory; the ages of 5 and 16; state-funded; independent2) available; at a nursery school; in the nursery class at a primary school3) preparatory; primary; aged 5 to 134) enter the state education system; at the age of 5; secondary school5) 7, 11, 13 or 16; gain admission at 11 or 13; the Common Entrance Examination6) one further year; Advanced Supplementary Examinations; Advanced Level Examinations7) classroom; laboratory; work independently; undertake research for projects8) vocational; conventional9) secondary education; with A-levels; further; higherB.1) GCSE stand for the General Certificate of Secondary Education. It is normally take at the age of sixteen.2) Students usually study form 8 to 12 subjects over two years.3) Some subjects take account of the work students do throughout the year, while others are assessed entirely by examination.【原文】Education in the United Kingdom is compulsory for everyone between the ages of five and sixteen, and is provided by two kinds of schools: state-funded schools and independent (fee-charging) schools.Children educationPre-school or pre-preparatory education: pre-school education is available in both theindependent and the state systems. Many children start their education at the age of three or four at a nursery school or in the nursery class at a primary school.Preparatory education: in the independent system, preparatory (or primary) education is available for children aged 5 to 13.Primary education: most children in the United Kingdom enter the state education system when they go to primary school at the age of five and generally move to secondary school or college at the age of 11.Secondary education (including the General Certificate of Secondary Education and equivalents)Most pupils enter independent boarding schools at the age of 7, 11, 13 or 16. To gain admission at 11 or 13, some pupils sit an exam called the Common Entrance Examination. At 16, they enter the school to study in its sixth form (for A-levels and equivalent qualifications).All UK secondary schools, both state and independent, teach pupils at least until the age of sixteen and prepare them for the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) or equivalent qualifications. Significant numbers of international students enter the UK secondary education system when they are either eleven or thirteen. Many attend independent boarding schools.GCSEs in vocational subjects are normally taken at the age of 16. Following these, students can do one further year of academic study before taking Advanced Supplementary examinations (AS-levels).Alternatively, there are career-based qualifications, such as General National Vocational Qualifications (GNVQs) or vocational A-levels, which can be taken after one or two years of study. All these courses give access to university or further study.Students usually study from 8 to 12 GCSE subjects over two years. Most students study a core of statutory subjects and choose additional subjects from a list.On any GCSE course, you receive formal tuition in the classroom and laboratory but are also encouraged to work independently and undertake research for projects, often outside school hours. Educational visits, either on your own or as part of a small group, are often part of the timetable. Some subjects take account of the work you do throughout the year, while others are assessed entirely by examination. Examinations are independently marked and graded. GCSE grades range from A (the highest) to G.New GCSEs in vocational subjects are a career-based version of the GCSE. Eight subjects are available: Art and Design, Business, Engineering, Health and Social Care, Information and Communications Technology (ICT), Leisure and Tourism, Manufacturing, and Science. One vocational GCSE is equivalent to two conventional GCSEs. As with other GCSEs, grades range from A (the highest) to G.Sixth-formers usually finish their secondary education at the age of eighteen with A-levels or equivalent qualifications, then go on to study at either further or higher education level.Task 4【答案】1) F 2) F【原文】Kate: Yes, it's difficult to teach children these days, when many of them know they won't get jobs.It's hard to control the class if you can't punish them. I often hit them with a ruler. Ofcourse, in my part of Scotland we're allowed to hit them, and I think it's necessary —some children need discipline.Interviewer: What do you think, Rolf? I know you feel very strongly about corporal punishment.Rolf: I don't agree with Kate. I know it's difficult to be a teacher, but I think it always has been. But you don't have to use violence. It's impossible to teach students aboutnon-violence and being good citizens when you are violent yourself.Interviewer: What do the Welsh think, Jane? Rolf thinks corporal punishment is wrong.Jane: Yes, I think so too.Interviewer: And Raoul?Raoul: Well, I think it's sometimes necessary. When one child constantly disobeys, you have to beat him, or else send him away — maybe to a special school. It's impossible toteach the rest of the class if you have one student who constantly misbehaves. It's badfor the others.Interviewer: Did anyone beat you when you were at school?Raoul: Well...Task 5【答案】A.1) Because the television program by that name can now be seen in many parts of the world.2) This program is very popular among children. Some educators object to certain elements in the program. Parents praise it highly. Many teachers also consider it a great help, though some teachers find that problems arise when first graders who have learned from “Sesame Street” are in the same class with children who have not watched the program.3) In order to increase the number of children who can watch it regularly.4)1. The reasons may include the educational theories of its creators, the support by bothgovernment and private businesses, and the skillful use of a variety of TV tricks2. Perhaps an equally important reason is that mothers watch “Sesame Street”along with theirchildren. This is partly because famous adult stars often appear on “Sesame Street”.3. The best reason for the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching it feel able to learn. The child finds himself learning, and he wants to learn more.B.1) six million; regularly; half; economic; racial; geographical2) fifty; Spanish; Portuguese; German; one hundred thousand; English; every two weeks3) songs; stories; jokes; pictures; numbers; letters; human relationships【原文】Sesame Street" has been called "the longest street in the world. That is because the television program by that name can now be seen in so many parts of the world. That program became one of America’s exports soon after it went on the air in New York in 1969.In the United States more than six million children watch the program regularly. The viewers include more than half the nation’s pre-school children, from every kind of economic, racial, and geographical group.Although some educators object to certain elements in the program, parents praise it highly. Many teachers consider it a great help, though some teachers find that problems arise when first graders who have learned from “Sesame Street” are in the same class with children who have not watcTests have shown that children from all racial, geographical, and economic backgrounds have benefited from watching "Sesame Street". Those who watch it five times a week learn more than the occasional viewers. In the United States the program is shown at different hours during the week in order to increase the number of children who can watch it regularly.In its American form "Sesame Street" is shown in nearly fifty countries. Three foreign shows based on "Sesame Street" have also appeared in Spanish, Portuguese, and German. Viewers of the show in Japan buy one hundred thousand booklets with translations of the English sound track every two weeks.The program uses songs, stories, jokes and pictures to give children a basic understanding of numbers, letters and human relations. But there are some differences. For example, the Spanish program, produced in Mexico City, devotes more time to teaching whole words than to teachingWhy has "Sesame Street" been so much more successful than other children's shows? Many reasons have been suggested. People mention the educational theories of its creators, the support by the government and private businesses, and the skillful use of a variety of TV tricks. Perhaps an equally important reason is that mothers watch "Sesame Street" along with their children. This is partly because famous adult stars often appear on "Sesame Street". But the best reason for the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching it feel able to learn. The childTask 6【答案】A.1) It is to have all public schools connected to the Internet computer system and have computersavailable for all students.2) Its web site provides information about the school, the teacher and their mail addresses. It alsolists student events and organizations.3) They learn numbers and letters. They also learn how to use the computers they will need later intheir education.B.1) 1994; 35%; Last year; 89%2) universities; colleges; urge; require【原文】One of the goals of American education officials is to have all public schools connected to the Internet computer system and have computers for all students. Government studies show that in 1994 only 35 percent of American public schools were connected to the Internet. Last year, that number reached 89 percent.Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University is a large university in the southern state of Virginia. Officials at Virginia Tech say computers are very important to a student's education. All students at Virginia Tech have been required to have a computer since 1998.Each student's living area at Virginia Tech has the necessary wires to link a computer to the Internet. The students can send and receive electronic mail, use the World Wide Web part of the Internet and link with other universities, all without leaving their rooms. They can also use their computers to send electronic copies of their school work to their teachers. And they can search for books in the school's huge library.Most major American universities and colleges strongly urge or require new students to have a computer. Most colleges and universities also have large rooms where students can use computers for classwork.American high schools also have computers. Many have their own areas on the World Wide Web. If you have a computer you can learn about Fremont Union High School in Sunnyvale, California, for example. Its web site provides information about the school, the teachers and their electronic mail addresses. It also lists student events and organizations.Young children also use computers in school. Smoketree Elementary School, in Lake Havasu, Arizona is a good example. The school also has a World Wide Web site. It tells about the school and the teachers and has an area for young children. These young children use computers in school to learn numbers and letters. They also learn how to use the computers they will need later in their education.Task 7【答案】A.I. spoken; writtenA. saying poetry aloud; giving speechesB. advanced degrees; field of study; custom; candidates; doctor’s degreeII. writtenA. nineteenthB. the great increase in population; the development of modern industryC.1. objective; personal opinions; memory of facts and details; range of knowledge; a fairer chance; easier; quicker; learning2. essay; ling answers; broad general questions; the element of luck; put facts together into a meaningful whole; really knowing much about the subject; have trouble expressing their ideas in essay form; examiner’s feelings at the time of reading the answer.III.unsatisfactory; along withB.b【原文】In ancient time the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome , testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctor's degree.Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same question, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory. Certainly, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines. There is nothing very human about the examination process.Two types of tests are commonly used in modern schools. The first type sometimes called an “objective” test. It is intended to deal with facts., not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material properly.For testing a student's memory of facts and details, the objective test has advantages. It can be scored very quickly by the teacher or even by a machine. In a short time the teacher can find out a great deal about the student's range of knowledge.For testing some kinds of learning, however, such a test is not very satisfactory. A lucky student may guess the correct answer without really knowing the material. For a clearer picture of what the students knows, most teachers use another kind of examination in addition to objective tests. They use “essay”tests, which require students to write long answer to broad general questions.One advantage of the essay test is that it reduces the element of luck. The student cannot get a high score just by making a lucky guess. Another advantage is that it shows the examiner more about the student’s ability to put facts together into a meaningful whole. It should show how deeply he has thought about the subject. Sometimes, though, essay tests have disadvantages, too. Some students are able to write rather good answers without really knowing much about the subject, while other students who actually know the material have trouble expressing their ideas in the essay form.Besides, on an essay test the student's score may depend upon the examiner's feelings at the time of reading the answer. If he is feeling tired or bored, the student may receive a lower score than he should. Another examiner reading the same answer might give it a much higher mark.From this standpoint the objective test gives each student a fairer chance, and of course it is easier and quicker to score.Most teachers and students would probably agree that examinations are unsatisfactory. Whether an objective test or an essay test is used, problems arise. When some objective questions are used along with some essay questions, however, a fairly clear picture of the student's knowledge can usually be obtained.Task 8Americans know that higher education is the key to the growth they need to lift their country, and today that is more true than ever. Just listen to these facts. Over half the new jobs created in the last three years have been managerial and professional jobs. The new jobs require a higher level of skills.Fifteen years ago the typical worker with a college degree made 38 percent more than a worker with a high school diploma. Today that figure is 73 percent more. Two years of college means a 20 percent increase annual earnings. People who finish two years of college earn a quarter of a million dollars more tan their high school counterparts over a lifetime.。

现代大学英语精读第二版第二册课后练习答案参考答案（Units1—8）Unit OneKey to ExercisePreview:1 True or false1F 2T 3F 4F 5T 6F 7T 8T 9T 10TVocabulary4. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets1. differ2. differently, different3. difference4. serious, serious, seriously5. seriousness, seriously polluted6. Fortunately/ Luckily, pollution, seriously, pollute7. attention 8. attentively, attentive3 Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases and expressions.4 Translate the following sentences using words and expressions taken from the text.1. 他们利用我们求助无门的困境把我们公司接管了。

They took advantage of our helpless situation and took over our company.2. 虽然我们面前仍有困难，但我肯定我们中国人有智慧靠自己实现国家的和平统一。

Although there are still difficulties ahead of us, I am sure that we Chinese people will have the wisdom to bring abou t the peaceful unification of our country on our own.3. 只强调国内生产总值是错误的，它会引起很多严重问题。