Unit 7 被动语态

被动语态学案英语动词有两种语态, 主动语态(The Active V oice)和被动语态（The Passive V oice)。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,如:Many students study English.(主动语态)被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,如: English is studied by many students.(被动语态)英语动词的主动态是没有标记的，而被动态则是有标记的，通常由助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。

为什么用被动语态?1.动作的执行者是谁显而易见. The plane is used as a training centre.2.不知道没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁. More trees are planted every year.3.动作比动作的执行者更重要Chinese is spoken by more and more people.判断下面的句子属于主动语态还是被动语态1.They make trains in Zhuzhou . ( ）Trains are made in Zhuzhou. （）2.The farmers grow cotton every year. （）Cotton is grown by the farmers every year. （）3.This book was bought by my father.( ) My father bought this book.( )一般现在时态的被动语态构成：S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词1. The bottle __________ (fill) with hot water. 瓶子里装满了热水。

2. Cameras _________ (use) for taking photos.相机是用来照相的.3. The classroom is very clean and it ____________ (clean) by us every day.4.The toys in the supermarket ___________ (make) in China.5.Beijing is a beautiful city and it ____________ (visit) by many people every year.主动语态和被动语态结构的转换：We clean our classroom every day.（主动）His brother washes bowls every day.（主动）They make shoes in that factory.（主动）例题：将下列句子改为被动语态They play football on Sunday.Lucy does the homework in the evening.They often use computers in class.We make these machines in Beijing.一般过去时的被动语态:主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词1.A new machine _______________ (invent) last month.一种新型机器上个月被发明。

被动语态(三)
本单元我们学习含有情态动词的被动语态，其构成为：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。

如：
Seats in the restaurant must be booked by phone.
Those books needn't be returned to the library today.
—Can the music be heard from a long way away?
—Yes, it can. / No, it can't.
Where should this book be put?
【拓展】
1. “动词+名词+介词”构成的短语动词(如take care of, pay attention to, make fun of, play tricks on等)变为被动句时，通常把整个短语当作一个及物动词来处理。

如：Mandy took good care of her books.
→Her books were taken good care of by Mandy.
2. 在need, require, worth等后用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义。

如：The floor requires cleaning.
= The floor requires to be cleaned.
The book is well worth reading.。

人教版英语九年级U n i t-7《T e e n a g e r s-s h o u l d-b e-a l l o w e d-t o-c h o o s e-t h e i r-o w n-c l o t h e s》知识点总结(总7页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their ownclothesSection A1. 语态：1) 英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。

Fish is eaten by cats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。

2）被动语态的构成由“助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。

（如果要强调动作的执行者，可加上by+执行者。

助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完3）含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。

如：The trees may be planted in spring. 树可在春天种植。

The room must be kept clean. 房间必须保持整洁。

Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.青少年应当被允许选择他们自己的衣服。

4）被动语态的用法当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。

English is spoken in Canada. 加拿大说英语。

The bridge was built in 1949. 这座桥建于1949年。

The car is being repaired. 车正在被修理。

This novel has been translated into many languages. 这部小说已被译成多种语言。

牛津译林英语8年级下册Unit7 International charities语法专题七: 被动语态一、单元语法全解：一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态：passive voice在英语中，句子有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。

语态说明句子主语和谓语之间的关系。

主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者。

被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。

其谓语动词的构成：be+及物动词的过去分词。

Be动词有人称、时态和数的变化。

考点1：主动语态和被动语态的变化图主动语态：动作执行者+谓语动词主动形式+动作承受者被动语态：动作承受者+谓语动词被动形式+by+动作执行者Eg. 主动句: They planted a tree.主语谓语宾语被动句: A tree was planted by them宾语变主语be+过去分词主语变为by...考点3：被动语态的几种特殊情况1 含有双宾语的动词的被动语态谓语动词带有双宾语时，既可以将间接宾语转化成主语，也可以将直接宾语转化为主语，但应在被保留的间接宾语前加介词for 或to.Eg. I gave him a piece of advice. 我给了他一条建议。

→ He was given a piece of advice by me.→ A piece of advice was given to him by me.2含有感官动词及使役动词的被动语态。

在主动语态中，不定式作使役动词和感官动词的的宾语补足语时要省略to，但在变为被动语态时，要加上to.这些动词有：let, make, have, see, hear, watch, feel, notice等。

Eg. I saw her play computer games. 我看到她玩电脑游戏了。

→She was seen to play computer games by me.3 含有动词短语的被动语态含有动词短语的句子变为被动语态时，短语后的介词或副词不可漏掉。

译林版八下U7知识点总结1.You have some pocket money left.你有一些剩余的零用钱。

解析：句中left是动词leave的过去分词，意为“剩下的,余下的”，在句中作后置定语修饰pocket money。

固定结构have sth. left 意为“剩下/剩余某物”。

如: ➢ I have a little milk left.我剩了一点牛奶。

2.It helps build a better world for everyone, especially children all over the world.它帮助为每个人，尤其是全世界的孩子们建造一个更好的世界。

解析：especially,副词，意为“特别，尤其”，在句中可修饰名词、动词、形容词介词短语等，especially多放在它所修饰的内容的前面，后面常跟强调的内容，在句中作状语。

如: ➢ I love the country, especially in spring.我喜欢乡村，尤其在春天的时候。

➢ The sun looks especially beautiful from this angle.太阳从这个角度看起来特别美。

拓展：special,形容词，意为“特别的;特殊的”，副词为specially,意为“特意;专门地”。

如: ➢ He came here specially to get a grammar book.他专门来这儿买一本语法书。

3.It provides basic education for children in poor areas.它为贫困地区的孩子提供基础教育。

解析：education,不可数名词,意为“教育”。

如: ➢ She received medical education in Japan.她在日本受过医学教育。

拓展：①education的动词为educate,意为“教育;教养”，固定结构educate sb to do sth.意为“教育某人做某事”。

人教版九年级全一册英语Unit 7 知识点总结（短语+句型+精讲+作文）Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.一、短语归纳1. sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old kids 16岁的孩子们2. go to the shopping center 去购物中心3. get one’s driver’s /driving license 取得驾驶执照4. no way 没门,不行5. have/ take part-time jobs = work part-time 做兼职工作6. get ears pierced 打耳洞7. get/have one’s hair cut 剪头发8. choose their own clothes 选择他们自己的服装9. serious enough 不够严肃10. be excited about (doing) sth. 对(做)…感到兴奋11. take lots of photos 拍许多照片12. all night 整夜13. use a flash 使用闪光灯14. stay by my side 陪伴在我的身旁15. run through the field 跑过田野16. make sure 确信17. keep sb./sth. (away) from 让某人/某物远离…18. give sb. a hug=hug sb. 拥抱某人19. lift up 举起(动副短语) lift it/them up20. talk back to sb. 跟某人顶嘴21. make one’s own decisions =decide for oneself自己做决定22. allow doing sth. 允许做某事23. allow sb. (not) to do sth. 允许某人(不)做某事24. be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事25. cough badly 咳嗽得厉害26. go out with friends 和朋友外出27. have awful /scary dreams 做噩梦28. think back to those times 回顾过去那些时光29. stay out 待在外面30. move out 搬出去31. regret doing sth. 后悔做了某事（事已做）32. regret to do sth. 遗憾地去做某事（事未做）33. educate sb. to do sth. 教育某人做某事34. agree with sb. 同意某人的观点35. manage one’s own life 应付自己的生活36. in most Asian societies 在大多数亚洲社会37. take the test 参加考试38. pass the test 通过考试39. fail a math test 数学考试不及格40. take the test later补考41. get to class late=be late for late for class 上课迟到42. be strict in sth. 在某方面要求严格43. be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格44. get in the way of… 挡…的路,妨碍…45. suppor t one’s dream 支持某人的梦想46. teenagers under eighteen 18岁以下的青少年47. have nothing against (doing) sth. 不反对(做)某事48. be serious about…= take…seriously 对…认真,热衷于…49. spend more time on his homework在他的家庭作业上多花点时间50. care about sb. 关心/担心某人51. a professional runner 一名职业赛跑运动员52. end up as 最终成为…53. how much 多么(提问程度)54. enter university 进入大学55. make a choice (oneself) (自己)做选择56. have no choice but to do sth.除了做某事以外，别无选择57. hurt oneself 伤到自己58. have a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事59. reply to sb.= answer sb. 回答/答复某人二、词汇精讲1.choosechoose作动词，意为“选择，挑选”，后接宾语，常用搭配如下：choose sth. for sb. 为某人选择某物；choose sb. to do sth. 选择某人做某事；choose + wh从句（where，what，when等引导的特殊疑问句）例如：We has chosen a birthday present for you. 我们已经为你选择了一个礼物。

Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.基础知识点复习一．重点短语1. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态）如：Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。

be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态）如：LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州。

2. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞让/使（别人）做某事get sth. done(过去分词)have sth. done 如：I get my car made. == I have my car made. 我让别人修好我的车3. enough 足够形容词＋enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮enough＋名词如：enough food 足够食物enough to 足够…去做…如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。

She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。

4. stop doing sth. 停止做某事Please stop speaking.请停止说话。

stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事Please stop to speak. 请停下来说话。

5. 看起来好像…sb. seem to do sth. He seems to feel very sad.it seems that +从句It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。

6. stay up 熬夜如：I often stay up until 12:00pm.我经常熬夜到12点。