过去分词作宾语补足语

高中英语学习资料madeofjingetieji3．过去分词作宾语补足语可以接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下两类:A) 表示感觉或心理状态的动词.如 :see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think 等.I heard the song sung in English.我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌She found the door closed.B)表示 "致使 "意义的动词 .如 :have, make, get, keep, leave 等比方：He’ s going to have his hair cut.I must get my bike repaired.He was trying to make himself understood.注意：使役动词have 接过去分词作宾补有两种情况.1.过去分词所表示的动作由别人完成 . (1) He had his money stolen. 他的钱给偷了 .( 被别人偷去了 )2.过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历 .如 : (2) He had his leg broken. 他的腿断了 . ( 自己的经历 )4．过去分词作状语过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语 ,此时应注意人称一致，即二者是被动关系。

这跟现在分词作状语正好相反。

表示被动的和完成的动作修饰谓语，说明动作发生的背景或情况。

如：Given another hour, I can also work out this problem.再给我一个小时,我也能解这道题.(given 为过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语为主句主语I ,即 I 被再给一个小时.)Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮 .(seen 为过去分词作状语 ,表 " 被看 ",由语境可知 ,它的逻辑主语必定是城市 ,而不是 " 我们 ", 因为" 我们 " 应主动看城市 .)A)作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。

过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动的、完成的动作，宾语补足语与宾语之间常常存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。

【归纳】可以接过去分词作宾语补足语的（短语）动词有：1. watch, see, observe, look at, hear, listen to, find, notice等感官动词。

如：I watched the desk carried out of the classroom.The man found his hometown entirely destroyed.2. make, get, have, keep, leave等使役动词。

如：My mother has her hair cut every two months.We must get the work finished before 6 o’clock.The speaker didn’t know how to make himself understood.3. want, order等表示希望、命令等意义的动词。

如：All of us wanted such questions discussed at the meeting.The manager ordered the problem settled as soon as possible.【拓展】★介词with后也可接过去分词作宾语补足语，构成with复合结构。

如：With more flowers planted, the garden looks very beautiful.★动词⁃ing形式、过去分词和不定式作宾语补足语的区别：动词⁃ing形式和不定式作宾语补足语，宾语是其动作的执行者。

动词⁃ing形式强调动作的正在进行或延续性，不定式强调动作的全过程。

过去分词作宾语补足语，通常宾语是其动作的承受者，多强调动作的完成。

过去分词作宾补1. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.2. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful government.3. You find most of the population settled in the south.4. They found the window broken.5. ..., so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the line.1. 及物动词的过去分词作宾语补足语与宾语在逻辑上常存在着被动关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象，表示被动意义或已完成意义，有时候两者兼而有之。

补语表示宾语的动作、行为、状态、特性、身份等。

如：I heard my name called. 我听见有人叫我的名字。

When I opened the door, I found the ground covered by fallen leaves. 当我打开门时，我发现地面已被落叶所掩盖。

2. 不及物动词用作宾语补足语时，与宾语没有逻辑上的动宾关系，只表示动作的完成或状态。

如：When I returned there, I found the bag gone.当我返回那儿时，我发现包不见了。

They found all the guests gone when they woke up.当他们醒来时，发现所有的客人都走了。

3. 过去分词常在下列情况下用作宾语补足语：(1) 在感观动词consider, feel, find, hear, listen to, notice, see, think, watch等后。

过去分词作定语过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。

从语法功能分析，过去分词兼有动词，形容词或副词的特性，可在句中充当定语，表语，宾语补足语或状语。

考点1. 过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语的位置1）单个过去分词：一般情况下。

单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。

有时为了表示强调，也可放在所修饰词之后。

A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开。

（谚语）Money spent is more than money earned。

花的钱比挣的钱多。

2）过去分词短语：过去分词短语往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后。

This will be the best novel of its kind of ever written. 这部小说将是这类小说中写得最好的。

This is the soldier wounded in the battle. 这就是战斗中受伤的战士。

真题链接After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _______.A. providingB. providedC. have providedD. provide2.过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义1）及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受着，且该动作已经完成。

The question discussed yesterday. 昨天讨论的那个问题。

The person killed last year. 去年被杀的那个人。

2）不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成，不表示被动。

Autumn comes, and there are many fallen leaves in the yard. 秋天来了，院子里有许多落叶。

When I got up and went into the yard, I saw the risen sun. 当我起床并走进院子时，我看到太阳已经升起来了。

过去分词作宾语补足语宾语补足语用来补充说明句子的宾语。

过去分词作宾补时具有以下特点：（1）过去分词（done ）常表示动作的完成、状态或动作的全过程。

（2）宾语与过去分词在逻辑上常存在着被动关系。

（3）不及物动词的过去分词作宾补时没有被动意味，只表示动作的完成和状态。

I was glad to see the child well taken care of .He kept the windows shu t all the year.Could you please mak e yourself known to us ?You must get your article finished before going home.When I returned there, I found the bag gone.2. 后接过去分词作宾补的词：（1）表感知的动词：see, watch, find, observe, notice, hear, feel, taste, smell , etc.I heard the song sung in the next room.（2）表使役的动词：have, make, get , etc.We should work harder to get the work done on time.（3）表想法、愿望的动词：want, should like, would like , etc.I want the photo copied.I ’d like Lucy invited, too.（4）表某种状态的词：keep, leave , etc.When you were out, you should keep the lights turned off.The boys went to play football, leaving their homework undone.(5) with +n+P.PHe sat there with his eyes fixed on the TV . with his eyes closed. He went home happily with his work finished. 重难点1： make / have sb. do 命令/安排某人做某事 have sb. doing have sb. / sth. done重难点2：过去分词作宾补和其他非谓语作宾补。

Unit2 The United Kingdom过去分词作宾语补足语The past participle as the Object Complement过去分词在句中可以作1.定语2.表语3.宾语补足语4.状语a lighted candle 、a broken heart、fallen leaves、cooked food、honored people他写的小说很畅销。

The novel written by him sells well.过去分词短语作后置定语表被动和完成坐在那的那个人是我的叔叔。

（seat）The man seated there is my uncle.过去分词短语作后置定语表状态不表被动他看起来很着急。

He looked worried. 过去分词作表语表状态我的眼镜破了。

My glasses are broken .过去分词作表语表状态1）Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.find + object+ past participle2）… to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. get + object+ past participle英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。

这类常用的及物动词有：make, consider, keep, see , find, call, get, have, let等。

We think him clever.What he said made me angry.We consider the answer correct.Everyone calls him Tom.宾语补足语的表示法1.His father named him Jack. ( 名词)2.They painted their house white.(形容词)3.You mustn’t force him to go at once.（不定式）4. Nobody noticed him enter the room.（不定式短语）5. We saw her entering the room. (现在分词或其短语)5. We must get the work finished by 10 o’clock.(过去分词)6. We take English as a useful tool for research work.用介词引出）7. Whenever you may go, you will find him at work.（介词短语）8. Let the fresh air in.（副词）9. The plant has its own name. You cannot call it what you will. (从句)过去分词作宾语补足语，表示动作已经完成或结束。

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Grammar——过去分词作宾语补足语[思维导图]作宾语补足语的过去分词一般来自及物动词，表示被动和完成意义，说明宾语所处的状态。

一般跟它前面的宾语在逻辑上构成动宾关系，表示被动意义，其结构形式为：主语＋谓语动词＋宾语＋过去分词。

一、常见的过去分词作宾语补足语的情况1.感官动词see，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。

When I came in，I saw a strange girl seated in the corner.我进来时发现一个陌生的女孩坐在角落里。

The next morning people noticed the world outside their houses completely changed.第二天早上，人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了样。

2.使役动词have/get和make后，用过去分词作宾语补足语。

(1)“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”可以表示两种含义：“让别人做某事”或“遭遇到某种不幸”。

She had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.她在飞机起飞前一个小时对她的行李进行了安检。

Before driving into the city，you are required to get your car washed.在开车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。

My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.上个月，我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。

(2)在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。

He walked into the room quietly in order not to make himself noticed.他悄悄地走进房间，以免引起别人的注意。

过去分词作宾语补足语讲解
过去分词作宾语补足语是英语语法中的一种结构，通常用于描述被动或完成的动作。

这种结构的构成方式是动词的过去分词形式加上助动词'have, has, had'或'be, am, is, are, was, were'。

例如： I have eaten lunch.（我已经吃过午饭了。

）
The book was written by her.（这本书是她写的。

）这种结构通常出现在及物动词后面，作为宾语的补足语来进一步描述宾语。

在被动语态中，这种结构强调的是动作的接受者，而在完成时态中，它强调的是动作的完成。

需要注意的是，过去分词作宾语补足语时需要与主语保持一致。

例如：
The book has been read by me.（这本书已被我读过。

）
The books have been read by us.（这些书已被我们读过。

）以上就是过去分词作宾语补足语的讲解。

在写作或口语表达中，正确使用这种结构能够使语言更加丰富生动。

- 1 -。

as well. 构。

构。

这首柔美的音乐使我们放松了。

这首柔美的音乐使我们放松了。

Great changes have taken plac e in e in my hometown. my hometown. The work seemed difficult to us. Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables. Our hotel serves you breakfast in your room. They saw little Tom being punished by his parents. There is a small village below the mountain. 含有宾语补足语的句子变成被动句时，原来的宾语补足语就变成了主语补足语。

含有宾语补足语的句子变成被动句时，原来的宾语补足语就变成了主语补足语。

He was found sleeping under the tree. 他被发现正在树下睡觉。

他被发现正在树下睡觉。

（补充说明主语，与主语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，是主语补足语）（补充说明主语，与主语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，是主语补足语）（补充说明主语，与主语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，是主语补足语）4. 介词的宾语补足语 有些介词的宾语有时也需有补足语，构成介词宾语的复合结构。

有时也需有补足语，构成介词宾语的复合结构。

We were all excited, with the bonfire burning late into the night. 篝火一直烧到深夜，我们都很兴奋。

篝火一直烧到深夜，我们都很兴奋。

（burning 作介词with 的宾语the bonfire 的补足语）的补足语）过去分词作宾语补足语的意义：过去分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语的状态或性质，宾语是其逻辑主语，一般是过去分词动作的承受者，即逻辑上的被动关系。

宾语补足语的五种形式
宾补常见的类型有名词作宾语补足语、形容词作宾语补足语、介词短语作宾语补足语、动名词短语作宾语补足语、不定式作宾语补足语、过去分词作宾语补足语等等。

宾语补足语指在英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有一个其他的句子成分，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，简称宾补。

1.名词作宾语补足语
We call her Goldilocks. 我没叫他小金锁。

这句话中的宾语是her，Goldilocks跟在her后面，补充说明“叫什么”，这就是名词做宾补。

2.形容词作宾语补足语
My work keeps me busy. 我的工作叫我忙个不停。

此句中，me是宾语，busy补充说明me的状态---忙。

3.介词短语作宾语补足语
I left a case on the train. 我落了个箱子在火车上。

宾语是a case，作为left的宾语，落在哪了?---on the train 火车上。

4.动名词短语作宾语补足语
Don't keep me waiting too long. 别让我等太久。

宾语是me，waiting补充说明“不要让我怎么样”----等太久。

5.不定式作宾语补足语
I asked him to help me. 我要他帮我。

him是宾语，to help me作为him的补足说明：要求他做什么？----帮助我。

6.过去分词作宾语补足语
Could you make yourself understood?你能让自己被理解吗？understood作为宾语yourself的补足说明。