小升初英语衔接班名词专项讲解及练习
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小升初名词专项
一、定义
名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西,也可以是表示抽象的东西。
二、分类
一.名词分类
专有名词
个体名词可数名词(普通名词所表示的
普通名词集体名词人或事物是可以按个数计算的,这类名词叫可数名词)
物质名词不可数名词(普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的,
抽象名词事物是不能按个数来计算的,这类名词就叫不可数名词。)二、名词的数
不可数名词没有复数形式。可数名词有单数和复数之分,单数变复数形式变化规则如下:
1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 。如:
(书)book → books (钢笔)pen → pens (房子)house → houses (天,日子)day → days 2. 以s, ch, sh, x 结尾的名词,在词尾加-es 。如:(公交车)bus → buses (玻璃)glass → glasses (手表)watch → watches (盘,碟)dish → dishes (盒子)box → boxes
3. 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的名词,要先将y改为i再加-es。如:(城市)city → cities (身子,身体) body → bodies
(工厂)factory → factories等等。(典型例子:“元音字母+y”的名词直接+s boy → boys) 4. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词,要将f或fe改为v再加-es。如: half → halves leaf → leaves knife → knives wife → wives 5.以o结尾的名词分两种情况a. 有生命的:+es 如:(土豆有生命)potato → potatoes (西红柿有生命)tomato → tomatoes b.无生命的:+s 如:(照片无生命)photo → photos (钢琴无生命)piano →piano
1. 名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词
如:John is a student
student是普通名词,John是专有名词
普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an, 定冠词the 或不加冠词,专有名词前一般不加冠词,专有名词的首字母要大写。
2. 普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词,其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词,物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。
3. 专有名词
专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词,多为独一无二的事物。
名词复数的构成法
一.写出下列各单词的复数形式。
1. glass __________
2. family __________
3. wolf __________
4. country_________
5.radio__________
6. photo __________
7. fox __________
8.fridge __________
9.bus__________ 10. box__________ 11.watch__________ 12.brush _________
13.policeman__________14.farm__________ 15.fish __________ 16.sandwich__________
17. apple __________ 18.foot __________ 19.ruler __________ 20.tooth __________
二.画横线,选出下列正确的单词或词组。
1.Do you drink much(milk ,milks )?
2.I visited (Jim ,Jim’s)house yesterday.
3.This is (Tom and Mary’s,Tom’s and Mary’s)house.
4.He had two(cup ,cups )of tea.
5.Those(books ,book )are on the desk.
6.Look at this(boy ,boys ).
7.That(dogs ,dog )is mine.
8.Would you like some(bananas ,banana )?
9.The sperm whale has 50(tooth ,teeth ).
10.These (shoes ,shoe )are very nice.
三.选择填空。
()1.This is ______room.
A.Jack and Lucy B.Jack and Lucy’s C.Jack’s and Lucy’s D.Jack’s and Lucy ()2.She is a good _____.
A.student B.students C.boy D.boys ()3.I want two _____.
A. pencil–box B.pencil–boxes C.pencils–box D.pencils–boxes
()4.How many _____ do you have?
A.friend B.friends C.friendes D.friend’s ()5.These _____ are Judy’s.
A.fish B.fishes C.fishs D.fish’s ()6.Look at those ____.
A.child B.childs C.children D.childrens ()7.He has two big ____.
A.eye B.eyes C.eyees D.eye’s ()8.He is Jeff’s ____.
A.brothers B.brother C.brotheres D.brother’s ()9.— ____is this pen ?
—It’s Wang Fang’s.
A.Who’s B.Whose C.Where D.Which ()10.____birthday is September 5th.
A. Her mother
B. her mother’s
C. Her mothers’
D. Her moth er’s
四.将下列表示单数的句子改成复数的句子。
1. This is a boy.______________________________________________
2. Do you have a new rubber?______________________________________________