简单句的五种基本类型
一、一个完整的简单句由“主语部分+谓语部分”构成The man is a teacher.
主语部分谓语部分
He works hard.
主语部分谓语部分
He teaches English well.
主语部分谓语部分
●连系动词be (am is are was were) / seem / keep
是/好象(似乎)是/保持
look / feel / taste / smell / sound
看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去)
become / turn / get / grow 变得
●主要动词
行为动词不及物动词laugh / smlie / look / listen
及物动词see / hear / drank / eat
助动词be (am / is /are / was / were)
do / does / did
have / has / had
辅助动词will / shall / be going to
情态动词can / may / must / shall / need
could / should / would / might
have (has) to / had better
●表语:表示主语是什么(身份)或者怎么样(处于什么状态)。
由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。
和连系动词一起构成谓语,也就是说: 连系动词后面的才是表语!
eg.He is a boy. She is a girl. They are students. They are good.
He looks / seems ill.
The apple tastes nice.
Trees turn green.
Your idea sounds good.
●什么是及物动词和不及物动词呢
⑴、及物动词是后面可以直接跟宾语的动词: see / hear / drank / eat / …
I saw him last week.
We heard the bad news yesterday.
They eat bread every day.
He drank a glass of milk just now.
⑵、不及物动词是后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词: laugh / smile / look / listen / …
She smiled happily.
They laughed loudly.
（3）、如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助:
She look at the blackboard carefully.
He listened to his teacher in class.
They laughed at us after the match.
及物动词例句：
She teaches us.
She teaches English
She teaches us English
She told me a story
He gave me a present
二、主谓双宾结构
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
可以用于这种句式的动词主要有
(A) buy / build / catch / cut choose / cook / find / get / keep / make / draw / do
He bought me a new bike.
也可以改为for sb. 的句式He bought a new bike for me.
(B) give / take / send / bring / teach / show / tell / pay / write / read / sell / lend / pass / return / throw / offer / hand
She lent me a book.
也可以改为to sb. 的句式She lent a book to me.
三、主谓宾宾补结构
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语的补足语
He told me to clean my room.
I saw her dancing
Our teacher asks us to read English every day.
可以用于这种句式的动词主要有
let / make sb. do sth.
ask / tell / want / allow / wish . sb. to do sth.
expect / encourage / invite / teach
find / see / hear / watch / notice / feel ①sb. do sth.
②sb. doing sth
help sb. (to) do sth
hope和welcome 比较特殊－－我们可以说:
I hope to visit your school.
I hope that you can visit our school.
I wish you to visit our school.
Welcome to visit our school.
You are welcome to visit our school.
Welcome to our school.
但不可以说：I hope / welcome you to visit our school
原来也蛮简单的哦!我来分析一下这些句子中所包含的成分
[1]主系表型
She is a very good girl .
(主语) (连系动词) (表语)
The girl is very good.
(主语) (连系动词) (表语)
[2] 主谓型
①、主谓式: They ‖laughed.
(主语) (谓语动词)
The kites ‖fly in the sky.
(主语) (谓语动词)
②主谓宾式: I ‖bought a new bike.
(主语) (谓语动词) (宾语)
He ‖plays volleyball.
(主语) (谓语动词) (宾语)
[3]主谓宾宾式:
She ‖told me a story.
(主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) (宾语
He ‖gave me a good book.
(主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) (宾语)
[4]主谓宾宾补式
He ‖asked me to help him.
