《英语词汇学教程》（2004年版）练习答案【Chapter 1】
7． tart: loose woman bloke: fellow
gat: pistol swell: great
chicken: coward blue: fight
smoky: police full: drunk
dame: woman beaver: girl
8. haply = perhaps albeit = although
methinks = it seems to me eke = also
sooth = truth morn = morning
troth = pledge ere = before
quoth = said hallowed = holy
billow = wave/ the sea bade = bid
12.
【Chapter 2】
Ex.1
The Indo-European Language Family is one of the most important language families in the world. It is made up of most of the languages of Europe, the Near East and India. English belongs to this family and the other members of the Indo-European have more or less influence on English vocabulary. A knowledge of the Indo-European Language Family will help us understand English words better and use them more appropriately.
2. Indo-European Language Family
Balto-Slavic Indo-Iranian Celtic Italian Hellenic Germanic
Roumanian Hindi Breton Spanish Greek English
Lithuanian Persian Scottish French Swedish
Prussian Irish Italian German
Polish Portuguese Norweigian
Slavenian Icelandic
Russian Danish
Bulgarian Dutch
6.
When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bonds which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
Most of the content words are either of Greek or Latin origin. What are left are mostly functional words. This shows that Greek and Latin play a very important part in the English vocabulary.
8. eventful [Latin + English] hydroplane [Greek + Latin]
falsehood [ Latin + English] pacifist [Latin + Greek]
saxophone [German + Greek]
heirloom [ French + English]
joss house [ Portuguese + English] television
[Greek + Latin]
9.
amateur (late) finacé (late) empire (early)
peace (E) courage (E) garage (L)
judgement (E) chair (E) chaise (L)
grace (E) servant (E) routine (L)
jealous (E) savaté (L) genre (L)
gender (E) début (L) morale (L)
state (E) chez (L) ballet (L)
11.
allegro, f轻快
andante, j 行板
diminuendo, g 渐弱
largo, d 缓慢
pianoforte, a轻转慢
alto, i女低音
crescendo, b渐强
forte, e 强
piano, h轻
soprano, c女高音
12.
cherub (Hebrew) snorkel (G) coolie (Hindi) tulip (Turk)
lasso (Sp) wok (Ch) shampoo (Indian) chocolate (Mex) tepee (Am Ind) jubilee (Gr) kibitz (G) Sabbath (Heb) chipmunk (Am Ind) tamale (Mex) cotton (Arab) voodoo (Afr) loot (Hindi) sauerbraten (G)
13.
a. alligator
b. loco
c. rodeo
d. bonanza
e. igloo
f. blitzkrieg
g. wigwam h. canoe
i. hurricane j. boomerang
