2020年高考英语语法讲解及考点练习虚拟语气含解析202101181169
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高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习附答案
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高考英语：虚拟语气全解析(含具体讲解,习题及答案)
例如：
I wish (ed) I could (would, might) go to the moon in a
与将来事实相反 动词过去式， would/ should/ should + 动词原 could/ might + 动 形，were to + 动 词原形 词原形
• 注: 主句中的should只用于I、we，但在美国 英语中，should常被would代替；从句中的 should 可用于各种人称。
例如：
I would rather he stayed at home now. 我宁愿他现在在家里．
he stayed at home tomorrow. 我宁愿他明天在家里.
he had stayed at home yesterday. 我宁愿他昨天在家里 ( 4 ) wish=if only+从句（从句谓语动词有三种形式） ①would (could, might) +动词原形（与过去事实相反） ②动词过去式（与现在事实相反） ③had+过去分词或用could have+ 过去分词（与过去事 实相反）
现将虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下与现在事实相反动词的过去式的过去式一般用werewouldshouldcouldmight词原形与过去事实相反had过去分词wouldshouldcouldmight过去分词与将来事实相反动词过去式should动词原形wouldshouldcouldmight主句中的should只用于iwe但在美国英语中should常被would代替
• 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大 可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天 见到你，他会问你这件事的。(事实上他昨天没见到你， 因此也未能问你这件事。)
2020年高考英语语法必考考点 8 虚拟语气及情态动词
2020年高考英语语法必考考点（8）虚拟语气及情态动词【考点解读】 情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点，每年单项填空题必考一题。
考点集中在：情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别;情态动词否定式的用法辨析：“情态动词+have done”的用法区别等。
虚拟语气在高考命题中不是重点，但是难点。
考点常集中在含蓄条件句以及主语、宾语从句等特定句型中虚拟语气的使用上，因此考生应熟练掌握含蓄条件句中主从句的时态要求以及一些典型句型中虚拟语气的具体形式。
虚拟语气考点透析 考点一、虚拟语气的基本用法 1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的一般过去时(be动词用were)+其他成分+if +should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。
例如： ①If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing，I would invite her to the party.A. couldn’tB. shouldn’tC. can’tD. might not 解析句意为：如果不是因为她不会唱歌的事实，我会邀请她来参加那次聚会的。
that从句为同位语从句，描述的是事实，用陈述语气。
正确答案为C。
2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语+动词的过去完成时+其他成分+if +should/would/could...+have done+其他成分。
例如： If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic. But it ______ all day.A. rainedB. rainsC. has rainedD.is raining 解析句意为：如果天气好的话，我们是能够去野餐的，但是下了一天的雨。
句子前半部分陈述的是与过去事实相反的事情，所以用了虚拟语气。
“下了一天的雨”是事实，所以用陈述语气。
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习题(附答案)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
虚拟语气讲解及练习题(含答案和解释)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高中英语虚拟语气知识点详解及练习(含答案)
虚拟语气详讲及练习一、定义：虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反，或不可能发生的情况。
1．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1）表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）Eg. If he had time, he would (could, might) go with youEg.If I were you, I would work hard.2）表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生Eg.If he had taken my advice，he would have succeeded in passing the examination.Eg.If they had helped us, we would have finished the task. (实际上没帮)3）表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生Eg.If it should rain, the crops would be saved.Eg.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.4）※注意：虚拟语气的倒装语序：如果if从句里含有should, had, were或其他助动词,则可将从属连词if省去,将助动词.情态动词.be或have放在句首形成部分倒装.Eg.If he had finished the work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you.=Had he finished the work yesterday, he would have gone to the concert with you.Eg.If I were you, I would go to the party.=Were I you, I would go to the party.Eg.If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home=Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.2. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法➢在动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句通常省略连词that。
2020高考英语语法专题讲解与训练 虚拟语气
语法专题虚拟语气[考点解析]1 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中（1）表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式（be动词过去式用were）”，主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。
如：If she had time, she would(could, might)help me.如果她有时间，她就会帮我了。
（事实上她没有时间）（2）表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would / should / might / could + have +过去分词”。
如：It we had started earlier, we should not have missed the train.如果我们早点出发, 就不会错过这列火车了。
（3）表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形，主句中的谓语动词则用would / should/could might + 动词原形。
如：If Professor Li should have/were to have/had time tomorrow, we could ask himquestions. 如果李教授明天有时间的话, 我们就可以问他问题了。
虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式见下表：(1)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。
如：If China had not been liberated, the working people would still be leading a miserablelife. 如果中国没有解放，那么劳动人民仍会过着悲惨的生活。
(从句指过去, 主句指现在)（2）在if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中，常可以省略if，将had, were或should 提至句首。
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习附答案解析
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析专题13：虚拟语气
2020年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析13虚拟语气虚拟语气表示与事实相反的假设。
高考对虚拟语气的考查主要在于条件句、含蓄条件句、名词性从句和其他一些从句中。
考生应当熟悉使用虚拟语气的各种情况，并牢记不同情况下虚拟语气的动词形式。
考点一用于条件句虚拟条件句可表示与现在、过去或将来事实相反，从句和主句谓语动词根据不同的时间，用不同的形式。
时间条件从句结果主句现在动词过去式would/should/could/might + 动词原形过去had + 过去分词would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词将来should/were to + 动词原形would/should/could/might + 动词原形1. They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers. （2018北京）A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven【答案】D【解析】由语境可知，主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时。
2. If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.（2017北京）A. had been putB. were putC. should be putD. would be put【答案】A【解析】由语境可知，主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时。
3. Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you _______ me, I could have helped. （2016北京）A. toldB. had toldC. were to tellD. would tell【答案】B【解析】由last week可知，主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时。
高考英语虚拟语气专项讲解及练习含答案
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
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虚拟语气重难点分析虚拟语气是英语中一个较大的语法项目，高考语法填空和短文改错都曾经设过考点，考生应予以重视。
英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。
虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不是表示客观存在的事实。
此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
一、虚拟语气在从句中的用法和构成一览表二、其他要注意的事项1. 虚拟语气中出现be的过去式，在口语中，当主语是第一、三人称单数时，可用was，但在if的倒装句中只能用were。
如：Were I you, I would apologize to her. 如果我是你的话，我就会去向她道歉。
2. suggest表“暗示、表明”和insist表“坚持认为”时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。
如：Your pale face suggests that you are ill. 你苍白的脸色表明你生病了。
He insisted that he was right. 他坚持认为他是对的。
(如insist表“坚持要求”时，其后的宾语从句则要用虚拟语气)3. if虚拟语气条件句中如有had, should, were，可省略if，并将这些词提前引起倒装。
如：Were I you, I would remain. 如果我是你，我会留下来。
Had you told me earlier, I wouldn’t have missed it. 如果你早点告诉我，我就不会错过它了。
4. 可用without, but for构成的介词短语代替虚拟语气条件句。
如：But for your help, I would have failed the exam. 如果没有你的帮助，我不会通过考试的。
Without water, there would be no life. 没有水，就没有生命。
5. as if/though, even if/though引导的从句也可以不用虚拟语气，表示真实的情况。
如：It looks as if it is going to rain. 看起来似乎要下雨了。
考点练透一、单句填空用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. —If he ___________ (warn), he ___________ (not take) that food.—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.2. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ___________ (break).3. I would rather they ___________ (not hear) of the news.4. I wish ___________ (have) a room of my won when I was a child.5. But for the teacher, I ___________ (not change) my attitude to study yet.6. Without air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night ___________ (be) freezing cold, too cold for us to stay.7. If I had worked harder at school, I ___________ (sit) in a comfortable office now.8. Her pale face suggested that she ___________ (be) ill, and her colleagues suggested that she ___________ (have) a medical examination.9. I insisted he ___________ (go) to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing ___________ (be) wrongwith him.10. He asks that he ___________ (give) an opportunity to explain why he has refused to go there.11. It is high time we ___________ (get) down to discuss this plan.12. If it were not for the fact that you ___________ (be) too busy, I would ask you to help me do this right now.13. Who do you suggest ___________ (send) to work there?14. I would have come earlier, but I ___________ (not know) that you were waiting for me.15. If it ___________ (rain) tomorrow, the outing would be cancelled.16. If there were no air, people ___________ (die).17. If he ___________ (study) harder, he might pass the exam.18. If he ___________ (take) my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.19. We would rather you ___________ (go) here tomorrow.20. It is high time that you ___________ (go) to pick up your daughter at school.二、语篇填空用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
I am a middle school student. I have many dreams. If therehomework, I would have more time to do what I like to do. How I wish I 2 (listen) to my favorite music for an hour a day and 3 (play) table tennis for an hour in the morning. It isactivities at weekend. I suggest that there 6 (be) not so many tests. You can imagine(encourage) myself and worked hard from now on.三、语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
What will happen if ice caps melt?The level of the world’s oceans will rise. 1 this is not the real problem, the problem is that these white ice caps reflect sunlight, much of 2 isreflector is the ocean, darker color absorbs sunlight causing further warming of the earth which can be up to 80 °C which is fatal (致命的) and can cause 5 (extinct) of all living organisms.●If all the ice melted, north and south pole, Antarctica, Greenland, and all, sea levels would rise 6 175 and 225 feet.●Coastal areas would essentially disappear, and roughly a third of the earth’s existing landmass (大陆) 7 (flood). It is estimated that 60% of the world’s population lives in the coastal plains.●Many inland areas would be affected as well, 8 water tables, rivers, and lakes would all rise 9 their previous heights.●The animals that live in the cold (polar bears, penguins and arctic foxes) will become endangered.Most important of all, there are many other 10 (predict) bad results human may be faced with. Are you afraid of that now?助读词汇reflector n. 反射物absorb vt. 吸收essentially adv. 基本上roughly adv.粗略地plain n. 平原in turn 转而be up to 达到living organism 生物体north and south pole 北极和南极coastal area 沿海地区It is estimated that…据估计……arctic fox 北极狐参考答案考点练透一、单句填空1. had been warned; wouldn’t have taken2. were broken3. hadn’t heard4. had had5. wouldn’t have changed6. would be7. would be sitting8. was; (should) have9. (should) go; was 10. (should) be give 11. got 12. are 13. be sent 14. didn’t know 15. should/were to rain 16. would die 17. studied 18. had taken 19. went 20. went二、语篇填空1. were2. listened3. played4. (should) hold5. (should) organize6. (should) be7. would8. realized / should realize / were to realize9. would 10. encouraged三、语法填空如果地球上的冰帽都融化的话，会发生什么？1. But 根据上文和空后的this is not the real problem可知填But。