2020届上海市上海交大附中高三上学期10月月考英语试题 (解析版)

2020届高三各地10月和11月英语试卷精选汇编：写作专题含范文衡阳市八中2020届高三月考试题 (四)书面表达（满分25分）我们学校一年一度的秋季运动会即将进行。

假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter 来信询问平常你校学生体育运动情况。

请给他回信，内容包括：（1）学校的体育场馆；（2）主要的运动项目；（3）你喜欢的项目。

注意：（1）词数100左右；（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

书面表达：Dear Peter,How are you doing? You asked me about how our school performs our PE classes in your last letter, so I’m writing to share some details with you.Equipped with two playgrounds as well as a splendid stadium, our school offers us an opportunity to do a variety of sports. Not only do we take volleyball and basketball courses, but our school also holds all kinds of sports competitions. Among all sport s, I’m crazy about volleyball, which contributes to us cooperating with others.Yours,Li Hua武威六中2020届高三一轮复习过关考试（三）书面表达(满分25分)假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Jack给你发来邮件，告诉你他参加美国中西部“汉语桥”比赛（U. S. Midwest Chinese Bridge Speech Contest）获得了一等奖，希望你继续帮他学习中文。

2020届上海市交通大学附属中学嘉定分校高三英语第三次联考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AObesity (肥胖症) is becoming a problem in our busy society, and almost one in three American adults is now considered to be obese. Children obesity is alsoat an all-time high.Obesity means being very overweight. If you are obese, you have too much bodyfat. If you eat more food than your body can use, this will make you put on weight. Food that your body does not need will be stored as fat by your body.The following are the major factors that increase the risk of obesity.What you eat plays a major role in weight gain. Eating a lot of fast food such as hamburgers, sweet drinks, ice creams and other sweet food can increase the risk of becoming obese.If you do not do enough exercise, you will put on weight as the food you eat is not being used to make energy for physical activities.The chances of you being obese are greater if your parents are obese.There are many psychological factors that cause people to eat too much. People who are worried, unhappy or bored will often eat to make themselves feel better. This is known as comfort eating.Age is another factor, as you tend (趋于) to be less active when you get older. When you get older, you need to eat less, and if you do not eat less, you will put on weight. Obesity can cause many health problems such as heart problems, high blood pressure and many other serious medical conditions.1. The underlined sentence in paragraph 1 means that ____.A. obesity does not do harm to health.B. there are more obese children than before.C. all the American children are obese.D. there are less obese children in the USA.2. According to the passage, there are ____ major factors that increase the risk of obesity.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six3. What will the writer most probably talk about after the last paragraph?A. How to avoid obesity.B. How to live in the busy USA.C. What illnesses are caused by obesity.D. How doctors treat heart problems.BJack was 11 months old in the spring of 2015 when his parents, Erika and Christopher, recognized his development was not progressing as it should. The feeling was familiar to the couple. Just a few months earlier, Jack’s brother Chase, who is 16 months older, had been diagnosed with autism(自闭症) after he did not reach motion and language standards as expected.Jack’s behaviors were similarly delayed, and his parents moved quickly to seek help. Today, Jack is 5 — he celebrated his birthday on May 13 — and he can speak in full sentences and read. After two years at a preschool that specializes in services for children with developmental disabilities, he will start kindergarten in theSmithtownschool district in September. “Our family’s experience is a good example of the power and effectiveness of early intervention. The services our boys have received made all the difference,” the parents said.According to scientists, autism can be detected at 18 months or younger, and by age 2 a diagnosis can be considered “very reliable.” The parents said they were happy with Chase’s success at the learning center, but still had concerns for Jack because he was not speaking. Developing social and communication skills can be among the greatest challenge for individuals with autism, even if they are able to say a few words early on. “We didn’t know if he was ever going to talk,” Erika said. “That was my biggest fear. We just didn’t know.”Looking ahead, the parents are cautiously optimistic about Jack’s next educational move. He doesn’t handle change well, they said, and he likes to know his routine. Still, they expressed confidence that his time at the learning center has given him the skills he needs to be successful.4. How did Jack’s parents know he suffered from autism?A. They found the baby clever.B. They judged by their experience.C. They found he didn’t develop.D. They checked on him in the hospital.5. What did the parents think of the early intervention?A. It made no difference to the babies.B. It benefitted the babies greatly.C. It got their babies more disabled.D. It helped their babies speak fluently.6. What can we learn from the third paragraph?A. Autism can be confirmed at 18 months old.B. Jack’s parents were confident about his motor skills.C. Chase’s parents were doubtful about his developmentD. Jack’s parents worried about his language skills most.7. What is the text mainly talking about?A. Autism can be curedif parents take actions early.B. Parents should be confident about their children’s future.C. Early intervention in autism could improve children’s life.D. Communication skills should be developed as early as possible.CAs I work in theLarkwhistle Garden in Dyer's Bay, Ontario, I take my time and the garden is teaching me about working with the earth. I recognize that there will be both successes and failures and there are many variables(变量)that affect them both.The quality of the seeds planted has a bearing on how the plants will grow. The weather can be too hot, too cold, or exactly right, and usually varies between all three. Weeds seem to grow in the garden and need to be taken care of, pulled, and removed to ensure they do not eat into the fruits, vegetables, and flowers we have so lovingly planted.I take time to stand back and rest, and to observe the plants and how they are growing. Each plant is unique and develops in the way that is best for them. Some have large broad leaves to shadow their fruit from the severe rays of the sun, while other plants are more open, their fruit needing the light to grow and ripen.Getting my hands dirty, feeling the sweat on my forehead, and the strength and flexibility of my body as I dig, bend and work under the warm summer sun, reminds me I am alive in ways I would not have remembered sitting on the couch.It is attractive to move things around, to transplant, and to disturb the natural order of how plants grow. The garden teaches me that it is important to know when to disturb things and when to let them be. The garden's life cycle follows a pattern that is repeated according to laws of nature, birth, growth, and then dies and it teaches us to accept this fact.8. How many variables may affect the growth of plants in the garden?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.9. What can we learn about the author?A. He feels exhausted while gardening.B. He enjoys life from working practice.C. He takes pleasure in harvesting fruits.D. He dreams away his time in the garden.10. How is the garden tended by the author?A. Its rank grass is got rid of.B. Its plants are left to grow freely.C. Its temperature is controlled properly.D. Its plants with large broad leaves are cut off.11. What fact does the author learn from gardening?A. Life takes its course.B. Hard work benefits health.C. Time is short and precious.D. Gardening brings good harvest.DThe Gata used to look annoyed when they received power bills that routinely topped $200. Last September the couple moved into a 1,500-square-foot home in Premier Gardens, an area of 95 “zero-energy homes” (ZEH) just outside town. Now they're actually eager to see their electricity bills. The grand total over the 10 months they've lived in the three-bedroom house: $75. For the past two months, they haven’t paid a cent.ZEH communities are the leading edge of technologies that might someday create houses that produce as much energy as they consume. Premier Gardens is one of a half-dozen subdivisions (住宅开发项目) in California where every home cuts power consumption by 50%, mostly by using low power appliances and solar panels.Aside from the panels on the roof, Premier Gardens looks like a community of traditional homes. But inside, special windows cut power bills by blocking solar heat in summer and keeping indoor warmth winter.The rest of the energy savings comes from the solar units. They don't just feed the home they serve. If they generate more power than the home is using, the excess flows into the utility's power grid(电网). The residents are billed by “net metering”: they pay for the amount of power that they get from the grid, minus the kilowatts(千瓦) they feed into it. If a home generates more power than it uses, the bill is zero.That sounds like a bad deal for the power company, but it's not. Solar homes produce the most power on the hot sunny afternoons when everyone rushes home to turn up the air conditioner. "It helps us lower usage at peak power times," says solar expert Mike Keesee. “That lets us avoid building costly plants or buying expensive power at peak usage time.”What’s not to like? Mostly the costs. The special features can add $25,000 or more to the purchase price of a house. Tax breaks bring the cost down, especially in California, but in many states ZEHs can be extremely expensive. For the consumer, it's a matter of paying now for the hardware to save later on the power bill.12. Why is the Gata eager to see their electricity bills now?A. They want to cut down their utility' expenses.B. They want to know if they are able to pay.C. They want to see how much they have saved.D. They want to avoid being overcharged.13. What is special about the ZEH communities?A. They are built in harmony with the environment.B. They have created cutting edge technologies.C. They are subdivided into half a dozen sections.D. They aim to be independent in power supply.14. What does the "net metering" practice mean to the power company?A. More pressure at peak timeB. Reduced operational costs.C. Increased electricity output.D. Less profits in the short term.15. The author believes that buying a house in a ZEH community __________.A. is a worthy investment in the long runB. is but a dream for average consumersC. gives the owner great tax benefitsD. contributes toenvironmental protection第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

上海市上海交大附中2020届高三英语上学期10月月考试题（含解析）Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before ___1___ visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camel’s hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat ___2___ (make) a brush.The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged（蓬乱）. His father said that the cat ___3___ be sick. Benjamin ___4___ (force) to admit what he had been doing.The cat’s lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin’s cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin’s drawings. ___5___ he went home, he sent Benjamin a box for paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings（版画）by an artist. ___6___ were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had even seen. In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at ___7___ Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin’s paren ts ___8___ he might take the boy to Philadelphia for a visit.In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape painting. William Williams, a well-known painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, ___9___ (be) a poor student. But he later said, “Those two books were my companions by day, and ___10___ my pillo w at night.” While it is likely thathe understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.【答案】1. a 2. to make3. must4. was forced5. When6. These7. what 8. whether9. being 10. under【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。

2020年上海民办浦东交中高级中学高三英语月考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AObesity (肥胖症) is becoming a problem in our busy society, and almost one in three American adults is now considered to be obese. Children obesity is alsoat an all-time high.Obesity means being very overweight. If you are obese, you have too much bodyfat. If you eat more food than your body can use, this will make you put on weight. Food that your body does not need will be stored as fat by your body.The following are the major factors that increase the risk of obesity.What you eat plays a major role in weight gain. Eating a lot of fast food such as hamburgers, sweet drinks, ice creams and other sweet food can increase the risk of becoming obese.If you do not do enough exercise, you will put on weight as the food you eat is not being used to make energy for physical activities.The chances of you being obese are greater if your parents are obese.There are many psychological factors that cause people to eat too much. People who are worried, unhappy or bored will often eat to make themselves feel better. This is known as comfort eating.Age is another factor, as you tend (趋于) to be less active when you get older. When you get older, you need to eat less, and if you do not eat less, you will put on weight. Obesity can cause many health problems such as heart problems, high blood pressure and many other serious medical conditions.1. The underlined sentence in paragraph 1 means that ____.A. obesity does not do harm to health.B. there are more obese children than before.C. all the American children are obese.D. there are less obese children in the USA.2. According to the passage, there are ____ major factors that increase the risk of obesity.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six3. What will the writer most probably talk about after the last paragraph?A. How to avoid obesity.B. How to live in the busy USA.C. What illnesses are caused by obesity.D. How doctors treat heart problems.BPaper is one of our oldest, simplest and most important inventions. But it also presents a danger to the world in two important ways. First, the making of paper requires the loss of many millions of trees each year. And worldwide use of paper is expected to double in the next 40 years. Clearly, the planet cannot stand such a high rate of forest loss. The second great problem with paper is what happens once it is no longer useful. A large amount of wastepaper ends up in landfills, where it can produce harmful gases and finally contribute to global climate change.One simple solution can greatly reduce both of these problems: paper recycling. Instead of cutting down trees, recycle existing paper to feed the paper-making process.Paper is mainly made from cellulose (纤维素)，which can be used repeatedly in papermaking. Unfortunately, it also means that paper waste takes a surprisingly long time to break down in landfills. So far, trees are the only source(来源) of cellulose that can fill the great demand for paper products. Therefore, recycling paper is simply one of the best ways to save trees. Thanks to advances in processing, recycled paper need not be the dark-color1 edstuff many of us are familiar with. It now can offer the same print performance as non-recycled paper.Effective recycling requires a continuous effort from everyone at all levels of society. The way to begin is with education and understanding. Once enough people realize the need for recycling, more effective recycling systems can be developed.The need is real. The massive loss of trees affects everybody on earth. Everyone should do their part to recycle paper and encourage government and industry to do the same. The world will be a better place for it!4. What can we infer from the text?A. The use of recycled paper will double in 40 years.B. Recycling paper helps relieve global climate change.C. Wastepaper can easily break down in landfills.D. There are not enough landfills for wastepaper.5. What makes recycled paper more acceptable?A. The great demand of trees.B. The low processing cost.C. Its dark-color1 ed feature.D. Its improved print performance.6. What does the author propose?A. Punishing the act of cutting trees.B. Recycling paper.C. Improving recycling system.D. Promoting paper industry.7. How is the text mainly developed?A. By analyzing causes and effects.B. By offering research plans and data.C. By discussing problems and solutions.D. By comparing strengths and weaknesses.CPlastic is piling up in ecosystems all over the world. Although its harmful impacts on both species and ecosystems have been documented, a few animals—like bowerbirds and hermit crabs—are doing what they can to recycle it. And according to a recent study, wild bees in Canada have joined the effort, which is a rare observation of behavioral flexibility in species especially insects, in increasingly plastic-rich environments.The researchers found two species of leafcutter bees putting plastic into their nests. One of the bees they studied, the alfalfa leafcutter bee, normally bites off pieces of leaves and flowers while the second bee gathers sticky substances from trees. Leafcutter bees don't build big nests or store honey like honeybees, choosing instead small nests in underground holes, tree holes or cracks（裂缝）in buildings. But the researchers found that three of eight brood cells（育雏巢室）contained pieces of plastic bags, replacing 23 percent of the cut leaves in each cell on average.While they don't make honey,alfalfa leafcutter bees still make money for theU. S. and Canadian farmers by pollinating（给......传授花粉）crops including alfalfa , carrots and melons. The European insects were introduced to North America in the 1930s for that purpose, and they've since become wild, joining the continent's many native species of leafcutter bees.In a separate study conducted in Argentina between 2017 and 2018, researchers found a bee nest made entirely of plastic, which consisted of three separate cells. It's the first known example of such construction worldwide. Compared to the other nests the researchers examined, which were made of natural materials, this one had a pretty lower success rate of the bees' survival. One of the cells had a dead baby bee , another seemed to have housed an adult that had left the nest, and the third was unfinished.8. What does the animals' use of plastic show according to the study?A. How widely plastic is used.B. How strange the behavior of wildlife is.C. How some wildlife is adapting to plastic.D. How plastic pollution has harmed them.9. What do leaves mean to alfalfa leafcutter bees?A. Food.B. Shelter.C A plastic substitute. D. Traditional nest materials.10. Which is one characteristic of leafcutter bees?A. They have great economic value.B. They store honey like honeybees.C. They prefer to live in tree holes.D. They have evolved into a new species.11. What was the nest made entirely of plastic like?A. It might be warmer.B. It might be unhealthy.C. It might be easy to finish.D. It might be recyclable.DIf there is no difference in general intelligence between boys and girls, what can explain girls’ poor performance in science and math?It hasbeen suggested that girls do not take math courses, not because they are difficult, but for social reasons. Girls do not want to be in open competition with boys because they are afraid to appear less feminine (女性的) and attractive (有魅力的).However, there are still more high-achieving boys than girls when taking math exams. This difference appears to be worldwide. Biological explanations have been offered for this, but there are other explanations too.Perhaps the difference which comes out during the teenage years has its roots in much earlier experiences. From their first days in kindergarten, boys are encouraged to work on their own and to complete tasks. Facts show that outstanding mathematicians and scientists have not had teachers who gave answers.Besides, there can be little doubt that teachers of math and science expect their boy students to do better at these subjects than their girl students. They even appear to encourage the difference between boys and girls. They spend more time with the boy students, giving them more time to answer questions and working harder to get correct answers from them. They are more likely to call on boys for answers and to allow them to take the lead in classroom discussion. They also praise boys more frequently. All of this seems to encourage boys to work harder in science and math and to give them confidence that they are able to succeed.Such a way of teaching is not likely to encourage girls to take many math and science courses, nor is it likelyto support girls who do. When it comes to these subjects it seems certain that school widens the difference between boys and girls.12. Why does the author raise a question in paragraph 1?A. To find differences between boys and girls.B. To explain the poor performance of girls.C. To ask readers a question.D. To introduce the topic.13. The text mainly discusses ________ reasons for the difference between boys and girls in scientific achievements.A. biologicalB. personalC. socialD. historical14. What does the text say about great mathematicians?A. Their teachers did not offer answers to them.B. They started learning math at an earlier age.C. They showed mathematical abilities in their teenage years.D. Their success resulted from their strong interest in math.15. The author would probably agree that ________.A. boys and girls learn in the same wayB. boys and girls are equal in general intelligenceC. girls are more confident in themselves than beforeD. girls should take fewer science courses than boys第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

上海交通大学附属中学2017-2018学年度第一学期高三英语10月月考出卷人：陈宇杨珺洁审卷人：程姌（满分150分，答案一律写在网上阅卷答题纸上）I. Listening Comprehension (25’)Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. It was moving. B. It was boring.C. It was more interesting than TV programs.D. It was horrible.2. A. 85 dollars. B. 55 dollars. C. 80 dollars. D. 70 dollars.3. A. Her doctor. B. Her husband. C. Her boss. D. Her secretary.4. A. At the luggage claim area. B. At the boarding gate.C. At the reception desk.D. At the Customs.5. A. The library is generally locked on Friday afternoon.B. Something unusual happened in the library on Friday.C. The library should never be locked.D. The man doesn’t have a key to the library.6. A. He came to the meeting. B. He planned the meeting.C. He had no idea about the meeting.D. He hasn’t come to the meeting yet.7. A. Jewels. B. Books C. Shaver. D. Souvenirs.8. A. Buy a new motocycle.B. Buy a second motorcycle.C. Save money for a long time.D. Buy a used motocycle.9. A. In the apartment. B. On the phone.C. In the office.D. Out of the apartment.10. A. Alex works very hard.B. Alex’s pay will be raised next month.C. The woman is unhappy about Alex’s salary.D. Alex will get 3,100 dollars next month.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passage will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Toothbrush. B. Wood. C. Peg. D. Metal.12. A. Because they could make beautiful keys.B. Because they wore some of their keys as rings.C. Because they designed locks and keys that were better at preventing thieves.D. Because they were invited by kings to design castle keys.13. A. By using smartphone apps. B. By using traditional metal keys.C. By using electronic keycards.D. By facial recognition.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. They hope to portray the coming date as the trigger of a worldwide disaster.B. They hope to hinder the nation’s $70 billion tourism industry.C. They hope to promote 2012 as the year of the tourist.D. They hope to make the rounds in their northern neighbor.15. A. Hollywood stars. B. Their northern neighbor.C. Old and wealthy Mexicans.D. Old and wealthy Americans.16. A. The Hollywood blockbuster 2012 depicts the doomsday as the spark of a global calamity.B. The Mexican government hopes that the doomsday will boost its tourism industry.C. The Mexican government has urged tourists to visit archaeological sites.D. The Mayan doomsday will bring growth and prosperity to the world.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear one longer conversation, and you will be asked four questions on it. The conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 17 and 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The Thanksgiving party. B. Gary’s farewell party.C. Eating out in a restaurant.D. Sending invitations.18. A. Oct.21st. B. Oct. 28th. C. Oct. 25th. D. Oct.26th.19. A. A book. B. Flowers. C. Dictionaries. D. A football.20. A. Gary. B. The class teacher.C. The classmates.D. The headmaster.II. Grammar and Vocabulary (30’)Section A (20*1’=20’)Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)A young man was getting ready to graduate from college. For many months he had wanted a beautiful sports car in a dealer’s showroom, and (21) __________ (know) his father could well afford it, he told him that was all he wanted.As Graduation Day came near, the young man expected signs (22) __________ his father had bought the gift. Finally, on the morning of his graduation, his father called him into his own study, and told him how proud he was (23) __________ (have) such a fine son and how much he loved him. He handed his son a beautifully wrapped gift box.Curious and somewhat disappointed, the young man opened the box and found a lovely leather (24) __________ (bind) Bible, with the young man’s name written in gold. Angry, he raised his voice to his father, and said, “With all your money you give me a Bible?” and stormed (25) ________ ________ the house.Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, (26) __________ realized his father was very old, and thought perhaps he should go to see him. However, (27) __________ he could make arrangements, he received a telegram (28) __________ (tell) him his father had passed away and willed all of his possessions to his son. When he arrived at his father’s, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart. He began to search through his father’s important papers and saw the still new gift-wrapped Bible, just as he (29) __________ (leave) it years ago. With tears, he opened the Bible and began to turn the pages. His father had carefully underlined a verse, Mathew 7-11, “And if you, being evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more shall your Heavenly Father, which is in Heaven, give to those who ask Him?”As he read those words, a car key dropped from the back of the Bible. It had a tag, which (30) __________ (read) the date of his graduation and the words: PAID IN FULL.(B)The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world's supply of water.(31) __________ 97% of the world's water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. (32) __________ the idea of a water shortage seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the world's agricultural industries (33) __________ (experience) constant water shortages.Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution are very high. Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. (34) __________valleys are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to (35) ________ ________. Each country (36) __________ therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation. In Texas, farmers' overuse of irrigation water (37) __________ (result) in a 25% reduction of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA, a huge water engineering project provides water (38) __________ farming in dry valleys, but much of the water use is being poorly managed.Saudi Arabia's attempts (39) __________ (grow) wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping (40) __________ (see) them run dry.Section B (10*1’=10’)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beA wise man once said that the only thing necessary for the victory of evil is for good men to do nothing. So, as a police officer, I have some urgent things to say to good people. Day after day my men and I struggle to 41 an epidemic of crimes. Something has gone terribly wrong with our once-proud way of life. It has happened in the area of values. A significant 42 is disappearing, and I think I know what it is: accountability.Accountability isn’t hard to define. It means that every person is r esponsible for his or her actions and liable for their consequences. Of the many values that hold civilization together --- honesty, kindness, and so on --- accountability may be the most important of all. Without it, there can be no respect, no trust, no law --- and, ultimately, no society.My job as a police officer is to 43 accountability on people who refuse, or have never learned, to oblige themselves to do so. But as every policeman knows, external controls on people’s behavior are far less ef fective than internal restraints such as guilt, shame and embarrassment.Fortunately there are still communities --- smaller towns, usually --- where schools maintain discipline and where parents hold up standards that declare: “In this family certain things are not 44 --- they simply are not done!” Yet more and more, especially in our larger cities and suburbs, these inner restraints are 45 . Your typical robber has none. He considers your property his property; he takes what he wants, including your life if you 46 him.The main cause of this breakdown is a radical shift in 47 . Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed, society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, it’s the criminal who is considered victimized: by his underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didn’t teach him to read, by the church that failed to reach him with 48 guidance, by the parents who didn’t provide a stable home.I don’t believe it. Many others in equally 49 circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of endless 50 where no one accepts responsibility for anything. We desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits a crime is the one responsible for it.III. Reading Comprehension (15’+22’+8’=45’)Section A (15*1’=15’)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A recent survey in the United States showed that the average family spent more money on its pets than on its children. Although this is a rather shocking statistics, it should not 51 anyone who has seen the beautiful doggy bedroom or the quiet shady groves where loved pets rest. It is possible that Americans are unique in treating their little friends in this way, but the information we have suggests that the English, too, are 52 to their pets.This can clearly be seen when we look at pet foods, which often contain more vitamins than human food or, at least, are 53 less nutritious. They certainly cost much. Last year the British public spent two hundred million pounds on pet food alone, 54 veterinary (兽医的) bills or animal furniture. It is difficult not to feel 55 with this when one considers what the same amount could do for victims of starvation and poverty, so it is 56 for me to get hot under the collar when I read an old man left all his money to his dog home.There are a variety of reasons why I find the popularity of British pets 57 . They cause physical problems. An example of this is New York where they have great difficulty getting rid of the mess that dogs leave on the streets. Many people find this funny, but in a number of large cities it is a major problem. Animals can cause disease, too. It is the threat of rabies---a disease with no known cure---that has made the English government impose strict 58 on animals coming into the United Kingdom. When the Spanish government recently 59 a number of homeless dogs as protection against the same threat, English tourist immediately wrote letters to the newspapers 60 about mass murder.Another problem is the 61 of pet owners. Most little children want a dog or a cat, and they continually pester their mothers and fathers until they get one. It is only when the sweet little thing has been brought home that the parents realize how much time and money must be spent on "Rover" or "Bonzo". Then they just 62 it. This brings me to my last point. Pets, which run free, are often not 63 at all. English farmers lose hundreds of sheep a year, killed by someone's pet and you must have read of children being hurt by some pets of their own.64 , I would only suggest that we have got our 65 wrong and that something should be done about it.51. A. alert B. surprise C. disappoint D. interest52. A. hostile B. polite C. subject D. available53. A. seldom B. far C. frequently D. totally54. A. in spite of B. regardless of C. not to mention D. rather than55. A. delighted B. patient C. concerned D. unsatisfied56. A. usual B. natural C. ridiculous D. essential57. A. inevitable B. understandable C. unacceptable D. common58. A. orders B. punishments C. treatments D. restrictions59. A. cured B. destroyed C. enclosed D. drove60. A. inquiring B. caring C. worrying D. complaining61. A. thoughtlessness B. hesitation C. expectation D. kindness62. A. isolate B. scold C. desert D. bind63. A. funny B. sweet C. precious D. loving64. A. Nevertheless B. Moreover C. Therefore D. Meanwhile65. A. mind B. behavior C. love D. prioritySection B (11*2’=22’)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In agrarian(农业的),pre-industrial Europe, "you'd want to wake up early, start working with the sunrise, have a break to have the largest meal, and then you'd go back to work," says Ken Albala, a professor of history at the University of the Pacific, "Later, at 5 or 6, you'd have a smaller supper."This comfortable cycle, in which the rhythms of the day helped shape the rhythms of the meals, gave rise to the custom of the large midday meal, eaten with the extended family, "Meals are the fou ndation of the family,” says Carole Couniban, a professor at Millersville University in Pennsylvania, "so there was a very important interconnection between eating together and strengthen ing family ties.”Since industrialization, maintaining such a slow cultural metabolism has been much harder. With the long midday meal shrinking to whatever could be stuffed into a lunch bucket or bought at a food stand. Certainly, there were benefits. Modern techniques for producing and shipping food led to greater variety and quantity, including a tremendous increase in the amount of animal protein and dairy products available, making us more vigorous than our ancestors.Yet plenty has been lost too, even in cultures that still live to eat. Take Italy. It's no secret that the Mediterranean diet is healthy, but it was also a joy to prepare and eat. Italians, says Counihan, traditionally began the day with a small meal. The big meal came at around 1 p.m. In between the midday meal and a late, smaller dinner came a small snack. Today, when time zones have less and less meaning, there is little tolerance for offices' closing for lunch, and worsening traffic in cities means workers can't make it home and back fast enough anyway. So the formerly small supper after sundown becomes the big meal of the day, the only one at which the family has a chance to get together. "The evening meal carries the full burden that used to be spread over two meals" says Counihan.66.What do we learn from the passage about people in pre-industrial Europe?A.They had to work from early morning till late at night.B.They were so busy working that they only ate simple meals.C.Their daily routine followed the rhythm of the natural cycle.D.Their life was much more comfortable than that of today.67.What does the underlined phrase "cultural metabolism" refer to?A.Evolutionary adaptation.B.Changes in lifestyle.C.Social progress.D.Pace of life.68. What does the author think of the food people eat today?A.Its quality is usually guaranteed.B.It is varied, abundant and nutritious.C.It is more costly than what our ancestors ate.D.Its production depends too much on technology.69.What does the author say about Italians of the old days?A.They enjoyed cooking as well as eating.B.They ate a big dinner late in the evening.C.They ate three meals regularly every day.D.They were expert at cooking meals.70. John, who is a SentosaPLAYPass holder, needn’t pay for the activities EXCEPT ______.A. Storytelling Comes AliveB. Art Excursion at SentosaC. Boogie with Captain PalawanD. Storytelling at Underwater World Singapore71. Which of the following statements is true?A. Boogie with Captain Palawan is an activity that happens daily.B. Denise Tan will share her stories at Images of Singapore Forecourt.C. Storytelling Comes Alive is recognized globally for its engaging content.D. You will win prizes if you spend at least $40 in a single receipt at Sentosa.72. On a Saturday at 2pm, Mr Smith and his family want to buy the Sentosa Play Pass. He shouldgo to ______.A. Bugis stationB. Somerset stationC. any TransitLink ticket officeD. any Sentosa ticketing office(C)I'll admit I've never quite understood the obsession (难以破除的成见) surrounding genetically modified (GM) crops. To environmentalist opponents, GM foods are simply evil, an understudied possibly harmful tool used by big agricultural businesses to control global seed markets and crush local farmers. They argue that GM foods have never delivered on their supposed promise, that money spent on GM crops would be better channeled to organic farming and that consumers should be protected with warning labels on any products that contain genetically modified ingredients. To supporters, GM crops are a key part of the effort to sustainably provide food to meet a growing global population. But more than that, supporters see the GM opposition of many environmentalists as fundamentally anti-science, no different than those who question the basics of man-made climate change.For both sides, GM foods seem to act as a symbol: you're pro-agricultural business or anti-science. But science is exactly what we need more of when it comes to GM foods, which is why I was happy to see Nature devote a special series of articles to the GM food controversy. The conclusion: while GM crops haven't yet realized their initial promise and have been dominated by agricultural businesses, there is reason to continue to use and develop them to help meet the enormous challenge of sustainably feeding a growing planet.That doesn't mean GM crops are perfect, or a one-size-fits-all solution to global agriculture problems. But anything that can increase farming efficiency--the amount of crops we can produce per acre of land-- will be extremely useful. GM crops can and almost certainly will be part of that suite of tools, but so will traditional plant breeding, improved soil and crop management--and perhaps most important of all, better storage and transport infrastructure (基础设施), especially in the developing world. (It doesn't do much good for farmers in places like sub-Saharan Africa to produce more food if they can't get it to hungry consumers. I'd like to see more non-industry research done on GM crops--not just because we'd worry less about bias(偏见), but also because seed companies like Monsanto and Pioneer shouldn't be the only entities(实体) working to harness(掌控) genetic modification. I'd like to see GM research on less commercial crops, like corn. I don't think it's vital to label GM ingredients in food, but I also wouldn't be against it--and industry would be smart to go along with labeling, just as a way of removing fears about the。

上海市闵行区六校联考2024-2025学年高一上学期10月期中英语试题一、听力选择题1．A．$30.B．$27.C．$20.D．$10.2．A．He may feel better soon.B．He doesn’t like to take pills.C．He may not be able to wake up on time.D．He may want to take the pills without food. 3．A．Post her the paper after the deadline.B．Hand in a handwritten draft of the paper.C．Attend a conference with her two weeks later.D．Complete the course without handing in the paper.4．A．Lose some weight.B．Shop for new clothes.C．Have his jeans altered.D．Wear clothes that fit better.5．A．Sharpen the man’s pencil.B．Ask the model to move his arm.C．Give the man a new sheet of paper.D．Show the man a drawing technique.6．A．Disappointed.B．Curious.C．Satisfied.D．Casual.7．A．He’d like some help at the baggage counter.B．He doesn’t know the woman ahead of him.C．He was permitted to carry one extra bag.D．He is carrying someone else’s suitcase.8．A．Some of her colleagues may not take part in the program.B．A few of them are allowed to participate in the training.C．All her colleagues have agreed to go for the program.D．Employees are all required to receive the training.9．A．She would rather take a direct train.B．It doesn’t take long to get to Chongqing.C．She doesn’t care how long the trip takes.D．Taking an airplane might be more practical.10．A．If he has more than a dollar.B．If he makes a phone call first.C．If he finds the change machine.D．If he buys something from her.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

2020-2021学年上海市第十中学高三英语月考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you are sending a text message watching TV or listening to the radio, you may stop and give this your full attention. Multitasking shrinks (使.....萎缩)the brain? research suggests.A study found that men and womenwho frequently used several types of technology at the same time had less grey matter in a key part of the brain. University of Sussex researchers said, " Using mobile phones, laptops and other media devicessimultaneouslycould be changing the structure of our brains."Worryingly, the part of the brain that shrinks is involved in processing emotion. The finding follows research which has linked multitasking with a shortened attention span, depression , anxiety and lower grades at school.The researchers began by asking 75 healthy men and women how often they divided their attention between different types of technology. This could mean sending a text message while listening to music and checking e-mail, or speaking on the phone while watching TV and surfing the Internet. The volunteers were then given brain scans which showed they had less grey matter in a region called the anterior cingu-late cortex (ACC)(前扣带皮层).Scientists have proved that brain structure can be changed on exposure to fresh environments and experience.Other studies have shown that training—such as learning to play magic tricks or taxi drivers' learning the map of London―can increase grey matter densities (密度)in certain parts.Experts have also warned of the harmful impact technology can have on our memory and attention span. The University of California team conducted a survey of more than 18,000 people aged between 18 and 99，and found 20%had problems with memory. Researchers were shocked greatly by the 14 % of 18 to 39-year-old people who also worried about their memories.Multitasking may shorten attention span, making it harder to focus and form memories, the researchers said, adding that youngsters may be particularly affected by stress.1. The underlined word " simultaneously" in Paragraph 2 means "________，"A. on one's ownB. at no timeC. at the same timeD. by accident2. All of the following are possible effects of multitasking EXCEPT________ .A. saving timeB. a shortened attention spanC. lower grades at schoolD. depression and anxiety3. Which ofthe following can be the best title of this passage?A. Media multitasking is becoming more popularB. Multitasking shrinks the brainC. Multitasking may shorten attention spanD. People are worried about their memories.BIn this day and age, there seems to be a move towards secondary school subjects. For that reason, some parents and some students feel that the compulsory study of English literature is misguided and disadvantageous to students, particularly if they are second language learners of English. However, there are still good reasons for the study of English literature.Students of English language sometimes fail to see the point of studying English literature,especially if they have no plans to study English or translation at university. But English literature can introduce students to a range of aspects, not only of the English language but also the culture of English-speaking countries.There are aspects of English culture that are summarised by English literature. Of course, this is quite obvious when studying the works of Shakespeare or of writers, poets and playwrights of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It is, however, also true when studying other works of English literature. Students can learn about good stories and references to different aspects of English culture. They can also learn the context and meanings of famous quotes and phrases.Studying literature does not confine the students to the traditions ofEnglandbut includes the possibility of introducing them to traditions which inform English literature, such as the study of Ancient Greek drama, and to literature in other contexts, such as American literature.An enjoyment and appreciation of literature will give students the ability to develop this into an interest in books and reading as they move away from their studies and into the adult lives. They will have the confidence to approach and cope with new forms of books and writing, since they were exposed to a range of literature during their school days.When studying literature, students can learn not only language aspects such as vocabulary items but also the language aspects which can be used for specific purposes. For example, if the students are familiar with theconcepts of beat and rhythm of English poems, they can improve their own writing as they are able to appreciate and apply these ideas.Finally, the study of literature can provide students with a fresh and creative angle, from which the students can approach their studies in particular and their lives in general.So the next time you are reading a newspaper article complaining of the lack of creativity and initiative in the local workforce, remember that in a small way the study of English literature can help to add a refreshing and further dimension to a person’s life.4. The author may agree that the study of English literature________.A. has a long-lasting influence on studentsB. is misguided and has more disadvantagesC. is not necessary for second language learnersD. only allows the students to learn the traditions ofEngland5. We can learn from the passage that ________.A.schools fail to care about students’ needsB. learning English literature makes students smarterC. English culture is closely related to English literatureD. the more you read literary works, the more you complain6. What’s the author’s attitude towards the study of English literature?A. Critical.B. Cautious.C. Supportive.D. Anxious.7. What’s the best title of the passage?A. Parents and Students’ DemandsB. Why We Learn English LiteratureC. English Culture and English LiteratureD. Suitable Courses for Secondary SchoolsCWhere doyou usually put your toothbrush?Do you keep it in the bathroom? How’s your toothbrush looking these days? Even if you can’t see it with a naked eye, experts say it may be saturated(使饱和)with millions of toilet germs!Dr. Charles Oerba, a germ expert, is amicrobiology professor at the University of Arizona. He says there are approximately 3 million bacteria per square inch in most toilet bowls, and every time you flush it without closingthe lid, those millions of bacteria droplets spray into the air as far as twenty feet away and dirty everything in their path. And a common victim is your poor toothbrush, usually, left out on the bathroom sink, right?So, what do we do? Dr. Gerba says it’s easy. Close the toilet lid before you flush—that’ll greatly cut downthe germs, which will otherwise float in the air. And wash your toothbrush every few days in mouthwash or peroxide to get rid of any germs hiding in it. You can even put it through the dishwasher to sanitize(消毒)it. And always store your toothbrush in a closed cabinet.Here’s one more tip from Dr. Gerba, who says our kitchen sink is probably dirtier than our toilet. “If an alien came from space and studied the bacterial counts, he probably would conclude he should wash his hands in your toilet and go to the bathroom in your sink.” He says that’s because the kitchen sink is a great place where E. coli(大肠杆菌)to live and grow since it’s wet and damp. Bacteria feed on the food that people put down the drain or—that’s left on dishes in the sink. To reset your sink’s bacteria count back to zero, you’d better regularly wash it with hot water and sanitize yoursink with special chemicals. In fact, you may want to do it every day or before preparing dinner.8. What is the purpose of the text?A. To show how to brush your teeth.B. To tell people the importance of health.C. To warn people of the invisible germs.D. To introduce a microbiology professor.9. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Bathroom sinks are the dirtiest places.B. Bacteria are bad for people’s health.C. Why bacteria spread through the air.D. How bacteria spread in the bathroom.10. What does the underlined word“that”in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. The food.B. The toothbrush.C. The sink.D. The chemical.11. Why does Dr. Gerba mention the example of an alien?A. To tell us a fiction story of an alien studying bacteria.B. To show our kitchen sink may be dirtier than our toilet.C. To teach us how to reset sink’s bacteria count back to zero.D. To prove coli prefers to live in the kitchen and the drain.DFor fishermen and sailors in the seaside town of Shangpan in Linhai, Zhejiang province, where recently 12 stranded（搁浅的）whales were found, it is not unusual to spot whales or dolphins in the sea — they would always call them haizi, or “son of the ocean”. And if the local fishermen spot such intelligent sea creatures in need, they will save them from danger without hesitation.In the recent rescue of melon-headed whales, they tried their best to help as a 37-second video of a young man sleeping in the water holding a whale soon went viral online, with netizens applauding his constant efforts and caring heart in trying to keep the whale alive. “The melon-headed whale knew I was trying to save it and would be more cooperative and wouldn’t move.” said Lu Wenhui, a 21-year-old diver from Hangzhou Changqiao Polar Ocean Park, who held up the whale’s head so it could breathe easily. Lu had been staying in the water for 10 hours by 4 a.m. Wednesday after coming for the rescue work on Tuesday, when the stranded whales were first spotted.“Whales are mammals and need to breathe in air — that’s why I had to hold its head, to ensure it could breathe smoothly the whole time,” Lu said. The stranded whales, after the struggling of being transported, were worn out when they arrived at the fish farm and might have drowned if they were left unattended.The reason why the whales were stranded is still not clear. And these stranded whales were returned to the ocean because they are not adapted to artificial breeding environments on land.12. What do local fishermen usually do after finding haizi in danger?A. Ignore them.B. Feed them.C. Transport them.D. Protect them.13. Why does the author describe Lu’s rescue work?A. To introduce the whales in detail.B. To voice his views on the diver.C. To praise the efforts made by rescuers.D. To explain the value of the whales.14. What can we say about the melon-headed whales according to the text?A. They are rarely seen by locals.B. They are used to breathing in the sea.C. They aren’t suited to artificial surroundings.D. They are fond of swimming near the seaside.15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Melon-headed Whales Were StrandedB. Rescuers Went All out to Help WhalesC. Fishermen Transported Stranded WhalesD. Witnesses Voiced Opinions on Rescue Work第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

9.贡献宝贵的艺术作品并做出重大科学发现(汉译英)
【答案】contribute valuable artworks and make important scientific discoveries
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和形容词和固定短语。此短语用动宾结构，动词contribute（贡献）+名词短语valuable artworks（宝贵的艺术作品，形容词valuable“宝贵的”作定语修饰名词artworks），动词make（做出）+名词短语important scientific discoveries（重大科学发现，形容词important“重要的”和scientific“科学的”作定语修饰名词discoveries），两个名词短语作宾语。故翻译为：contribute valuable artworks and make important scientific discoveries。
【答案】be supposed to warn us about danger
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查固定短语。根据提示词可知，“应该做某事”翻译为：be supposed to do；warn sb. about sth.“警告某人某事”，danger“危险”是不可数名词，故翻译为：be supposed to warn us about danger。
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词短语和不定式。can't wait to do sth“迫不及待做某事”，set out on sth“开始某事”，travel/journey“旅程”，故翻译为can’t wait to set out on his travels/journey。
【点睛】

2020届上海交通大学附属中学高三英语月考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen the sun shines brightly, it provides a great chance to get outdoor things done. Like making hay! At least, that is what farmers from the past would say. ―Make hay while the sun shines.This idiom is very old, dating back to Medieval times. Rain would often ruin the process of making hay. So, farmers had no choice but to make hay when the sun was shining.Today, we all use this expression, not just farmers. When conditions are perfect to get something done, we can say, ―It’s a good idea to make hay while the sun shines.In other words, you are taking advantage of a good situation or of good conditions. You are making the most of your opportunities. These all mean ―making hay while the sun shines.And sometimes we use this expression to mean we beat someone to the punch, or we got ahead of someone else. And other times you make hay while the sun shines to make good use of the chance to do something while it lasts. You are being opportunistic – taking advantage of a good opportunity. For example, my friend Ozzy was sick for a week and could not go to work. So, his co-worker Sarah -- who doesn’t like him -- took advantage of his illness and stole his project! Talk about making hay while the sun shines.Sometimes when you make hay while the sun shines you are staying ahead of a problem – like in this example:Hey, do you want to go hiking with me and my friends this weekend? The weather is going to be beautiful! I wish I could. But I have to finish my taxes. It’s the last weekend before they’re due.Oh, that’s too bad.Wait. What about your taxes?My taxes are done. I was off from work a couple of weeks ago and made hay while the sun shined. I got all of it done!I wish I would have taken advantage of my time off last week___1___All I did was lay around thehouse.And that’s all the time we have for these Words and Their Stories. But join us again next week. You can listen while you’re making dinner or riding to work. Yeah, make hay while the sun shines.1.Which of the following best matches ―make hay whilethe sun shines in paragraph 2?A.Sow nothing, reap nothing.B.Sharp tools make good work.C.Strike while the iron is hot.D.One swallow doesn’t make a summer.2.According to the underlined sentence, what feeling does the speaker express?A.AdmirableB.RegretfulC.AnnoyedD.Indifferent3.Where is the passage probably taken from?A.A radio programB.A magazineC.A brochureD.A novelBA growing body of research is revealing associations between birth defects (缺陷) and a father's age, alcohol use and environmental factors, say researchers atGeorgetown University Medical Center. They say these defects result from epigenetic changes that can potentially affect multiple generations.The study, published in theAmerican Journal of Stem Cells, suggest both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring — a common sense conclusion which science is only now beginning to demonstrate, says the study's senior investigator, Joanna Kitlinska, PhD, an associate professor in biochemistry, and molecular and cellular biology.“We know the nutritional, hormonal and psychological environment provided by the mother permanently influences organ structure, cellular response and gene expression in her offspring,” she says.“But our study shows the same thing to be true with fathers — his lifestyle, and how old he is, can be reflected in molecules that control gene function,” she says. “In this way, a father can affect not only his immediate offspring, but future generations as well.”For example, a newborn can be diagnosed with fetal (胎儿的) alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), even though the mother has never consumed alcohol, Kitlinska says. “Up to 75 percent of children with FASD have biological fathers who are alcoholics, suggesting that preconceptual paternal alcohol consumption negatively impacts their offspring.”Advanced age of a father is correlated with elevated rates of certain diseases, and birth defects in his children.A limited diet during a father’s preadolescence has been linked to reduced risk of cardiovascular death in his children and grandchildren. Paternal obesity is linked to enlarged fat cells, changes in metabolic regulation, diabetes, obesity and development of brain cancer. Psychosocial stress on the father is linked to defective behavioral traits in his offspring. And paternal alcohol use leads to decreased newborn birth weight, markedreduction in overall brain size and impaired cognitive function.“This new field of inherited paternal epigenetics needs to be organized into clinically applicable recommendations and lifestyle alternations,” Kitlinska says. “And to really understand the epigenetic influences of a child, we need to study the interplay between maternal and paternal effects, as opposed to considering each in isolation.”4. What’s the message the writer conveys in the passage?A. Both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring.B. Father’s age and lifestyle are tied to birth defects.C. Father plays a more critical role in birth defects.D. Birth defects can potentially affect multiple generations.5. What can we infer from the example in Paragraph 5?A. FASD can only be diagnosed in a newborn whose father is addicted to alcohol.B. A newborn will not contract FASD if his mother has never consumed alcohol.C. A father’s lifestyle can negatively impact his offspring.D. Most children have biological fathers who are alcoholics.6. Which of the following situations is less likely to lead to children’s birth defects?A. Having a father with a limited diet.B. Having a father who is an alcoholic.C. Having an overweight father.D. Having a father with psychosocial stress.7. What will the research probably continue to focus on in the part that follows?A. The maternal epigenetic influences of a child.B. The ways to avoid negative paternal influence on children.C. The clinical application of the research findings.D. The interaction between maternal and paternal effects.CEach year, the women of Olney and Liberal compete in an unusual footrace. Dressed in aprons (围裙) and headscarves, they wait at both towns’starting lines. Each woman holds a frying pan with one pancake inside. At the signal, the women flip (轻抛) pancakes and they’re off!This “pancake racing” tradition is said to have started on Shrove Tuesday, 1445, in Olney. Shrove Tuesday is the day beforethe Christian season of Lent (大斋戒) begins. During Lent, many people decide to give up sugary or fatty foods.Legend says that in 1445, an Olney woman was making pancakes to use up some of her sugar and cooking fats before Lent. She lost track of time and suddenly heard the church bells ring, signaling the beginning of the Shrove Tuesday service. Realizing that she was going to be late for church, she raced out the door still wearing her apron and headscarf and holding her frying pan with a pancake in it. In the following years, the woman’s neighbors imitated her dash to church, and pancake racing was born.The rules are simple. Racers must wear the traditional headscarf and apron. They must flip their pancakes twice - once before starting and once after crossing the finish line. After the race, there are Shrove Tuesday church services. Then Liberal and Olney connect through a video call to compare race times and declare a winner.In both towns, the races have grown into larger festivals. Olney’s festival is an all-day event starting with a big pancake breakfast. Liberal’s festival lasts four days and includes a parade, a talent show, and contests that feature eating and flipping pancakes. Although the women’s race is still the main event, both towns now hold additional races for boys and girls of all ages.8. How did pancake racing start?A. A woman in Olney created it.B. Women made pancakes before Lent.C. A woman dashed to church with a pancake.D. People followed the suit of an interesting incident.9. What should racers obey during the race?A. They can wear fashionable headscarves and aprons.B. They must flip their pancakes once in the race.C. They must flip their pancakes at the beginning of the race.D. They can flip their pancakes in the middle of the race.10. What can we learn about the race from the last paragraph?A. People can show their talent in Olney festival.B. People can enjoy a one-day holiday in Liberal.C. The race is not only intended for women now.D. People can have a big pancake breakfast in both towns.11. What is the text mainly about?A. The origin of pancake racing.B. The history of pancake racing.C. The development of pancake racing.D. The introduction to pancake racing.DCoke was introduced by the Coca Cola company in 1886, making it a rather true andtested favorite of generations of people in over 200 countries. This list should give you some ideas on how to get more from your coke than usual.. Coca Cola is an excellent rust buster (除锈剂). If you have a bunch of small rusty objects, put them in coke overnight and give them a goodscrubin the morning. Coke helps to break down the rust, making cleaning much easier. Be sure to throw out the used coke when you are done with it or you might be taking a trip to the doctor.. Like the previous item, the citric acid (柠檬酸) in coke makes for an excellent window cleaner. This is especially useful for car windows. Pour a can of coke over the window and rub the window, then wipe it off with a wet cloth to remove any sugary matter from the sugar in the drink. As coke is fullof sugar, you should clean the sticky matter off the window glasses, or it will be not a cleaner but a dirt.. For those of you who live in areas where skunk (臭鼬) smells can be an issue from time to time, one can of coke added to water with detergent (清洁剂) really helps to break the smell down. If you have been sprayed, stand in the shower and cover yourself from head to toe with coke — wait for a few minutes, then wash yourself with a shower. Coke is an excellent hair treatment so you get two tips for the price of one with this item!. Pots can sometimes get black on the bottom. The black is almost impossible to remove; this is caused by over-cooking. To remove the black and renew your pot, pour in a can of coke (or as much as you need to cover the blackened area by an inch) and put it on the stove on a low heat. After an hour or so, wash the pot as normal.12. What does the underlined word “scrub”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Start.B. Cleaning.C. Shake.D. Example.13. What is important while using coke to clean car windows?A. Use a dry cloth.B. Rub the window lightly.C. Don’t pour too much coke.D. Clean the sugary matter thoroughly.14. For which purpose does coke have to be mixed with other material?A. To get rid of the black on the pot.B. To breakdown the rust,C. To remove smells.D. To clean windows.15. What type of writing is this text?A. An advertisement.B. A review.C. A news report.D. A practical guide.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

五校2020届高三上学期英语10月月考试卷一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）1. 阅读理解To ensure an excellent experience during your tour of the Mark Twain House, here are some guidelines and general information:The House is Shown Only by Guided Tour.To ensure an optimum (最佳) experience, house tours are limited to 14 people, first-come, first-served. If your group has more than 10 people, call (860) 280-3130 to reserve a discounted group tour in advance of your visit. If you have a party of fewer than 10 people feel free to purchase tickets online: We will hold them at Will Call. The tour schedule is usually online about a month in advance.Our site is made up of three buildingsThe Webster Bank Museum Center at the Mark Twain House & Museum is always your first and last stop as it houses our ticket counter, museum store, film, exhibits and cafe. All tours gather in the museum center before heading over to Mark Twain's historic 1874 home. Mark Twain's historic carriage house is the third building on our property, but is generally notopen to the public. The hayloft (干草棚) has been repurposed into offices and the main floor of the barn is a space available for rent for parties and meetings.Coupons & DiscountsThe Mark Twain House offers only a few coupons and discounts. The price you pay for admission helps us maintain the beauty of this icon of American architecture. If you are lucky enough to find one of those special offers online or at your local library, keep in mind they are good only for the general Mark Twain House Tours. No passes or discounts may be applied to our specialty tours.1.（1） What kind of tour booked beforehand enjoys adiscount?A . Specialty tour.B . Guided tourC . Group tour with 9 people.D . Group tour with 13 people.2.（2） Which place is not available to tourists?A . The Webster Bank Museum Center.B . Mark Twain's historic carriage house.C . The hayloft.D . Mark Twain's historic 1874 home.3.（3） What is the purpose of charging admission fees?A . To earn more money.B . To well preserve the house.C . To support Mark Twain's family.D . To offer parties and meetings.2. 阅读理解My father loves his garden. He planted some seeds in it. But at that time I didn't understand why working in the dirt excited him so much.Unfortunately, in early May, my father was seriously injured in an accident. He had to stay in bed for a while. My mother had several business trips so she couldn't take care of the garden. I didn't want my father to worry, so I said that I would take care of his garden until he recovered. I assumed that the little plants would continue to grow as long as they had water, and luckily it rained fairly often so I didn't think much about the garden.One Saturday morning, my father said to me, "Christine, the vegetables should be about ready to be picked. Let's have a salad today!" I went out to the garden and was upset to see that many of the lettuce leaves and carrots had been half eaten by bugs. There were hundreds of bugs all over them!I panicked for a moment, but then I quietly went to the nearest store to buy some vegetables.When I gave the salad to him, he said, "Oh, Christine, what a beautiful salad! I can't believe the carrots are this big already. You must be taking very good care of my garden." I felt a little bit guilty.Coming home, my mother saw the bag from the supermarket in the kitchen. I was embarrassed and I admitted, "Dad wanteda salad, but the garden was a disaster. I didn't want to disappoint him so I went to the store." She laughed but promised to help me in the garden and weeks later I was finally able to pick some.I carefully made a salad and took it to my father. He looked at it with a hint of a smile. "Christine the carrots are smaller in this salad, but they taste better."Now, I better understand how putting a lot of effort into caring for something can help you appreciate the results more, however small they maybe. Perhaps this was one of the reasons for my father's love of gardening.1.（1） Christine originally said she would do the gardeningbecause she ________.A . knew it was important to her fatherB . wanted to improve her gardening skillsC . was asked by her father to do itD . was interested in growing vegetables2.（2） Which of the following was a problem in the garden?A . Animals often dug in the garden.B . Insects destroyed the lettuce and carrots.C . The plants were given too much water.D . The vegetables were marked incorrectly.3.（3） Christine could secretly make the salad from store-bought vegetables because ________.A . her father couldn't see the garden's progressB . her fatherwas in hospital at that time C . her mother helped her to buy the vegetables D . her mother helped her to make a spray4.（4） What did Christine learn through her experience ofgardening?A . Always prepare for a rainy day.B . Don't be disappointed by bugs.C . Hard work can be rewarding.D . Working alone produces results.3. 阅读理解From quiet paths by a stream in a forest to busy roads running through a city, people have created various forms of routes in different places. These now exist all around us, and their use is imperative for societies. These routes have enabled people to move, transport things, and send information from one place to another quickly and safely. Throughout history, they have been important in our daily lives.Early routes were often formed naturally on land. They gradually developed over long periods of time while people traveled them on foot or horseback. A significant turning point in their history arrived when the first wheeled carts appeared in ancient times. Once this happened, people recognized the importance of well-maintained routes. Therefore, towns, cities, and entire countries improved them. As a result, life became more convenient, communities grew, economies evolved, andcultures expanded.People have established routes on water, too. Rivers and canals have served as effective routes for people to move around and carry things. For instance, in the old, Japanese city of Edo, water routes were used for the transportation of agricultural products, seafood, and wood. People have also opened routes across the sea. The seaways were critical for the navigation of ships, particularly in the days when they moved mainly by wind power. Using these sea routes, people could travel great distances, and go to places they had not previously been able to reach.People have gone on to open routes in the sky as well. Since the invention of the airplane, they have made it possible to travel long distances easily. Eventually, people became able to travel safely and comfortably high in the sky, and going vast distances only took a small amount of time.Today, we have a new type of route, the Internet. By using this worldwide route, people can easily obtain information that once was available mainly from books and face-to-face communication. They can also instantly send messages to large numbers of people all at once.As long as there have been people, there have been routes to connect them. Currently unknown routes will surely take useven further in the future.1.（1） Which of the following is closest to the meaning ofthe underlined word imperative in paragraph 1?A . accidentalB . industrialC . essentialD . traditional2.（2） Why is the example of Edo introduced in paragraph3?A . To describe the difficulty of creating routes on the water.B . To emphasize the fact that it was an important city.C . To explain the use of water routes to move along the coastlines.D . To illustrate the important roles of water routes for cities.3.（3） What does paragraph 5 tell us about routes?A . Routes can be thought of as existing invisibly in the world.B . Routes that move information can be regarded as dangerous.C . The fundamental functions of routes are declining.D . The importance of different kinds of routes is the same.4.（4） What is the main idea of this article?A . Humankind first created various types of convenient routes on land.B . Improvements in transportation have come at great cost.C . Technology has interfered with opening up routes around the world.D . The advancement of humanity was aided by the development of routes.4. 阅读理解Attitudes toward new technologies often fall along generational lines. That is, generally, younger people tend to outnumber older people on the front end of a technological change. It is not always the case, though. When you look at attitudes toward driverless cars, there doesn't seem to be a clear generational divide. The public overall is split on whether they'd like to use a driverless car. In a study last year, of all people surveyed, 48 percent said they wanted to ride in one, while 50 percent did not.The fact that attitudes toward self-driving cars appear to be so steady across generations suggests how transformative the change to driverless cars could be. Not everyone wants a driverless car now-and no one can get one yet—but among those who are open to them, every age group is similarly involved.Actually, this isn't surprising. Whereas older generations are sometimes reluctant to adopt new technologies, driverless cars promise real value to these age groups in particular. Older adults, especially those with limited mobility or difficulty driving on their own are one of the classic use-cases for driverless cars.This is especially interesting when you consider that younger people are generally more interested in travel-relatedtechnologies than older ones.When it comes to driverless cars, differences in attitude are more pronounced based on factors not related to age. College graduates, for example, are particularly interested in driverless cars compared with those who have less education: 59 percent of college graduates said they would like to use a driverless car compared with 38 percent of those with a high-school diploma or less.Where a person lives matters, too. More people who lived in cities and suburbs said they wanted to try driverless cars than those who lived in rural areas.While there's reason to believe that interest in self-driving cars is going up across the board, a person's age will have little to do with how self-driving cars can become mainstream. Once driverless cars are actually available for sale, the early adopters will be the people who can afford to buy them.1.（1） What happens when a new technology appears?A . It farther widens the gap between the old and the young.B . It usually draws different reactions from different age groups.C . It often leads to innovations in other related fields.D . It contributes greatly to the advance of society as a whole.2.（2） What does the author say about the driverless car?A . It will not necessarily reduce road accidents.B . It has givenrise to unrealistic expectations. C . It does not seem to create a generational divide. D . It may start a revolution in the car industry.3.（3） Why does the driverless car appeal to some oldpeople?A . It adds to the safety of their travel.B . It saves their energy.C . It arouses their interest in life.D . It helps with their mobility.4.（4） What is likely to affect one's attitude toward thedriverless car?A . The location of their residence.B . The amount of training they received.C . The length of their driving experience.D . The field of their special interest.二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）5. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届上海大学附属中学高三英语月考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AJuanito Estrella has been a housekeeping manager on the US-based large passenger ship Carnival Spirit for 18 months and feels he has found the suitable position in his career(职业). He has always wanted to travel. “I guess I am a really restless spirit.I like traveling, so when the chance came, I jumped at it,” he says.The chance came in the form of a newspaper advertisement for work on cruise ships（游船）. At the time Estrella was the housekeeping manager at a Melbourne hotel. He applied and, after two interviews, a medical check and police clearance, the job was his.Estrella is responsible(负责的)for the cleanliness of the ship, making sure that 160 crew work properly. “I enjoy it because there is no other work-you wake up each day in a different place anda different culture. It’s exciting when you go to the next country and you don’t understand the language,” he says.Estrella likes being busy and getting to know people from all over the world. The 1,000 crew come from 94 countries, and Estrella has learnt Spanish and a little Croatian.But there is adownside. “You cannot get really drunk...because you have safety responsibilities to yourself and others,” he says. “You don’t really think about home.You start to think about home only when you get closer to your vacation and wonder what you’ll be doing.”Life on the ship is anything but cruising. Estrella and his fellows work at least 10 hours a day, seven days a week. He warns the job is not for everybody. “You have to love being busy and be prepared to work every day-and to give up drinking too much alcohol.” In his spare time, if the ship sails into a port, Estrella explores it, otherwise he works out in the crew’s gym, goes on the internet or calls home.1.Which of the following is true?A.He has been a housekeeping manager for 18 months.B.He doesn’t drink wine now.C.He cannot speak a foreign language.D.He used to be a housekeeping manager.2.The underlined word“downside”in paragraph 5 probably means ________ .A.disappointmentB.disadvantageC.failureD.loss3.In the last paragraph, the writer thinks that life on the ship is ________.A.not a tiring journey at allB.just an interesting voyageC.far from a voyage for pleasureD.more than a pleasant travel by seaBSummer is quickly passing by—but not without the ultimate meteor（流星）shower event!The2021 Perseids Meteor Shower, which is considered to be the best meteor shower of the year, is expected to start lighting up skies on this Wednesday, according to NASA. Known for fireballs, the Perseids typically light up skies on warm summer nights, leaving “long wake（尾迹）of light and color1 behind them.”Under ideal conditions, sky watchers may see approximately 50-100 meteors per hour with each meteor traveling at 37 miles per second. .Because the meteors appear in all parts of the sky, it will be pretty easy to witness the celestial（天上的）event from anywhere in the world. To get the best show, it is advised to view the Perseids from the Northern Hemisphere（半球）during the pre- dawn hours, ideally between 2 a.m. and dawn. In some cases, sky gazers may be able to seemeteors during this shower as early as 9 or 10 p. m.“If it's not cloudy, pick an observing spot away from bright lights, lie on your back, and look up! You don't need any special equipment to view the Perseids—just your eyes,” NASA wrote on their site, adding that telescopes or binoculars are not recommended due to their small fields of view.Remember to let your eyes become adjusted to the dark. Try to stay off of your phone too, as looking at devices with bright screens will negatively affect your night vision and thus reduce the number of meteors you see!For those who may be unable to view the Perseids in person, a live broadcast will be streaming from NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, starting around 8 p. m. on Aug. 11 and continuing through sunrise on Aug. 12.4. What can we learn about the Perseids Meteor Shower?A. It will be the best meteor shower in history.B. The ultimate shower only happens on this Wednesday.C. We can observe 50- 100 meteors per hour in any place.D. The Meteors usually have long and bright trails behind them.5. Which of the following may be the best time to view the shower?A. At 4 a. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.B. At 2 p. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.C. At sunrise on the Southern Hemisphere.D. At dawn on the Southern Hemisphere.6. What can be inferred about the observation of Meteors?A. If you use a telescope, you will see more meteors.B. You can use smartphones to record the grand scene.C. The brighter the moon is, the more meteors you can see. .D. Bright lights will reduce the visibility of meteors.7. If you are not available to watch the Perseids personally, you can ________.A. browse the unofficial website of NASAB. watch a video recorded by a flight centerC. stream a live show on Aug. 11 nightD. use special devices to connect with the showerCAs we all know, there are plenty of different parks to visit in theUK. All theme parks inBritainhave cafes, restaurants, picnic areas and gift shops, so you'll still have plenty to see and do when you and the kids have been on enough rides. There are usually smaller “funfair“ rides and games as well, so younger children won't get bored. Several theme parks also have other attractions next to them, e. g. water parks often open all year round, unlike the theme parks.Whenever you are inBritain, there's likely to be a theme park within one or two hours,drive, bus ride or train journey. Several theme parks even have accommodation(膳宿)so you can stay for a day or two if you want to make a trip into a short holiday.Prices forUKtheme parks vary considerably; some have an entrance price which allows you to go on all the rides, while in others you have to pay for every ride individually. It can also make a difference whether you go during peak time or not. For example, tickets always cost more during school holidays and weekends than they do during the weekdays.Theme parks always get very busy during the summer months, so if you don't like crowds ifs usually a good idea to go earlier or later in the year!If you're thinking of visiting aUKtheme park, it's worth having a look for special offers on tickets. Products such as chocolate bars and cereals sometimes have " buy one get one free" offers on theme park tickets, so keep alook out in shops and supermarkets.8. This passage mainly talks about all the following EXCEPT.______.A. things to doB. prices for theme parksC. rules to obeyD. special offers9. If you go to the theme park during the weekdays, you'll probably.______.A. have to spend moreB. save some moneyC. win a big prizeD. get something free10. According to the passage, what should you do if you are tired of crowds in the theme park?A. Avoid the busiest months.B. Go earlier or later in the daytime.C. Choose one with few visitors.D. Go there when no one is in it.11. The best title for the text would be ______.A. What to Do in the Theme ParkB. Theme Parks in theUKC. Visiting the Theme ParkD. Introduction to Famous Theme ParksD36-year-old Juan Dual likes to joke that he’s empty inside. Juan’s story began when he was only 13. It was then that he was diagnosed with a terrible disease, which left him with a 99.8% chance of developing cancer of the digestive system. At age 19, right after finishing high-school, Juan underwent a tough operation to take away his colon and rectum. Sadly, it was only the beginning. By age 28, Juan’s disease had affected his stomach and gallbladder so he had to go under the knife again.Having just recovered from several serious surgeries, Juan Dual decided to accept the invitation of some friends of his parents and travel to Japan. It was there that things started to change for the better. He didn’t speak a word of Japanese, so he spent most of his time walking his dog. One day, the dog pulled harder, and Juan realized that he was still able to jog, and he started to do just that.Months later, he found himself working in a small, peaceful town in England. There was little in terms of entertainment, but the town was surrounded by hills, so he devoted even more of his time to running. He befriended some like-minded folks and told them what he’d been through, and they seemed amazed at the fact that he was still alive, let alone that he was pushing himself to exercise. That’s when the idea of focusing on motivating others took root in his mind.With the help of Pepa, a nutritionist, Juan Dual slowly relearned how to eat to keep his energy level high enough to sustain him during physical activity. Eight months after his last operation, he finished the Barcelona halfmarathon in two hours. He then started training for mountain running and ultra-marathons.12. Why does Juan Dual say he is empty inside?A. Because he has no desire for anything.B. Because he doesn’t have much knowledge.C. Because he always suffers from great hunger.D. Because many of his organs have been removed.13. What made Juan Dual aware that he could still run?A. His parents’ support.B. A walk with his dog.C. The idea of challenging himself.D. His quick recovery from surgeries.14. When did Juan Dual decide to inspire others with his story?A. After finishing the Barcelona half marathon.B After being introduced to a nutritionist named Pepa.C. After sharing it with his friends in an English town.D. After making friends with people with similar sufferings.15. Which of the following words can best describe Juan Dual?A. Ambitious and intelligent.B. Inspiring and responsible.C. Unfortunate but determined.D. Confident but stubborn.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

上海交通大学附属中学2023-2024学年度第一学期高三英语十月月考试卷（满分150分，120分钟完成。

答案请写在答题纸上。

）I.Listening Comprehension(25’)Section ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Go to catch the next train. B.Listen to the traffic report.C.Go to the city by other transportation.D.Check the weekend schedule.2.A.It doesn’t take a long time to get there. B.The lectures have been put off.C.There is no need to hurry.D.The lectures have already started.3.A.The woman should have gone to Paris earlier.B.He studied French in a different way in high school.C.Life in Paris helped improve the woman’s language skills.D.The woman must have had a good teacher in Paris.4.A.She thinks the post office is nearby. B.She is also looking for the post office.C.She thinks the man’s guess is right.D.She doesn’t know where the post office is.5.A.Her coat is similar to the man’s. B.The man needn’t have brought the coat.C.Her sweater is not warm enough.D.The man shouldn’t have worn a sweater.6.A.Make sure the registration office didn’t make a mistake.B.Decide whether to drop the course in the first week.C.Find out if a place opens up in the course later.D.Take the course of the creative writing next year.7.A.He recently spent a month in New York. B.He can recommend many things to do.C.He suggests the woman extend her trip.D.He bets the woman will have fun there.8.A.Disappointed. B.Excited. C.Proud. D.Embarrassed.9.A.He talks less than he used to. B.He hasn’t had time to play tennis recently.C.He shouldn’t have behaved so proudly.D.He has never talked to her after the game.10.A.The man should have had his car inspected earlier.B.There are always a lot of people at the auto inspection center.C.She waited longer than the man did to have her car inspected.D.The auto inspection center will close at the end of the month.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear several longer conversation(s)and short passage(s),and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s)and the passage(s).The conversation(s)and passage(s)will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following passage.11.A.The truck’s over speeding. B.The truck’s heavy load.C.The terrible weather.D.The pedestrians’carelessness.12.A.The relocation of several factories. B.The company’s pay offer.C.The high rate of unemployment.D.The union’s demand.13.A.They will increase by a third this year.B.They have been rising in the last five years.C.The average price of a house in the UK is£255,900.D.They make it extremely difficult for those on the property ladder to buy a house. Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.What causes fearfulness externally. B.Why mice are particularly fearful animals.C.Whether fearfulness is inherited or not.D.How animals react to frightening situations.15.A.They wandered around the box. B.They bred again and again.C.They couldn’t find a hiding place.D.They remained close to one wall.16.A.Some changes in the nervous system. B.The interference from human beings.C.The size of nerve cells in the brain.D.The existence of certain nerve cells. Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.In the woman’s hometown. B.In the man’s hometown.C.Outside their hometown.D.In a small town.18.A.Choose whichever friend can give the best toast.B.Choose whichever friend can plan the reception.C.Choose whichever friend knows all their in-laws.D.Choose whichever friend knows a lot about weddings.19.A.The bride’s family. B.A wedding planner.C.The groom’s family.D.The new couple.20.A.She doesn’t think it is a tradition.B.She thinks her mother-in-law can plan the wedding well.C.She thinks it will cost too much to have a wedding planner.D.She doesn’t want her wedding to be in the charge of someone unknown to her.II.Grammar and Vocabulary(20’)Section ADirections:After reading the passages below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.(A)What is nirvana(涅槃、超脱)for a potato?To be sliced and bathed in boiling oil before ____21____(emerge)as a French fry?To have its weight matched in butter and cream and be transformed into glorious mounds of mash?No.The answer is found in a plastic bag.For a potato,there is no nobler fate than to end up in a packet of Tayto cheese-and-onion crisps.Taytos are the perfect crisps.The company was established in Ireland in1954by Joe Murphy.He was not the inventor of crisps,but he has been credited____22____ transforming them.Until then there was no way to flavour the individual crisps____23____. Instead,each bag came with a small blue packet of salt____24____(shake)over the contents.Murphy started with artificial flavours of cheese and onion.The pairing is a classic,and the flavour combines well with potatoes.“Potatoes,”____25____(write)Seamus Heaney, one of Ireland’s greatest poets,“promise the taste of ground and root”.The ____26____(poetic)might describe them as a bit plain.Sprinkled with the salty umami(鲜味) of Murphy’s seasoning,however,they became a cut-price sensation.Taytos remain the classic Irish crisp,but now they are available elsewhere,____27____, of course,many other brands of flavoured crisps are.That is a mixed blessing.Once upon a time even industrially produced foods had a limited range.To travel was to discover not only the cooking in other places,but the snacks.Going to France was a chance to chug(一饮而尽)a bottle of Orangina,a fizzy drink.For me,Taytos were____28____once-a-year treat, to be eaten on a beach in south-west Ireland shivering after an icy swim or sweating at the top of a mountain.Thanks to a globalised food system and the appetites of homesick migrants,such items are now available far beyond their lands of origin.That shift results in the loss of a modest joy.At first glance a bag of Taytos is the opposite of a seasonal or local food.____29____(enclose)in their silvery plastic,they survive in all seasons and locales.And yet,for me at least,these potato snacks are entangled with their Irish roots.The ingenious seasoning should taste no different____30____I am in a London park or in Murphy’s homeland.But somehow it does.(B)Are you afraid of getting old?____31________31________31____we get past the age of25,many of us immediately feel the urge to stop the signs of ageing—especially the visible ones.Men and women are now using topical“anti-ageing”creams,spa treatments and medical procedures____32____(counter)many of them.____33____these methods can somewhat affect the way you look,ageing is an internal process.A new study has found exactly when during your lifetime this process peaks.A group of scientists based out of the Stanford University School of Medicine have discovered that____34________34____being a smooth,continuous process,ageing surges forward at three distinct stages of life:first,at the age of34,then at age60,and finally at78.The study,published in Nature Medicine,reveals that scientists can not only predict your age by studying the proteome(protein levels in the blood)but also determine which organs are ageing faster than____35________35____,and which age-related diseases your body is more likely to develop.The study measured plasma proteins(血浆蛋白) collected from4,263adults between the ages of18-95years and studied the changes in the proteome that occurred with age.Their ultimate goal was to understand how to identify the changes associated with cardiovascular issues and age-related diseases like Alzheimer's____36________36____ therapeutic treatments can be devised to counter their onset while there's still time.Dr Tony Wyss-Coray,one of the leading members of the study,told Stanford Medicine News Center,“We've known for a long time that____37____(measure)certain proteins can give you information about a person's health status—lipoproteins(脂蛋白)for cardiovascular(心血管的)health,for example.But it____38____(not appreciate)that so many different proteins'levels—roughly a third of all the ones we looked at—change markedly with advancing age.”This difference between the chronological(按时间计算的)and physiological(生理的) age,according to the scientists'“plasma-protein clock”,showed that a lot of people in the study seemed younger than they actually are.What's more,the study also confirmed that men and women,though equally____39____(represent)in the study,age differently.Does this mean medications and lifestyle methods,with further research,can also be devised to help____40____ages too rapidly and is at risk of contracting age-related diseases like hypertension and Alzheimer's?You never know.Section B:Directions:Complete the following passages by using the words in the box.Each word can only beIt launched an independent review of security after items including gold jewellery and gems of semiprecious stones and glass dating from the15th century BC to the19th century AD were found to be missing,stolen or damaged.Legal action against the____41____member of staff will be taken and the matter is also being investigated by the economic crime command of the Metropolitan police.George Osborne,the museum’s chair,said:“The trustees of the British Museum were extremely____42____when we learned earlier this year that items of the collection had been stolen.“The trustees have taken____43____action to deal with the situation,working with the team at the museum.We called in the police,imposed emergency measures to increase security,set up an independent review into what happened and lessons to learn,and used all the____44____powers available to us to deal with the individual we believe to be responsible.“Our priority is now threefold:first,to____45____the stolen items;second,to find out what,if anything,could have been done to stop this;and third,to do whatever it takes,with investment in security and collection records,to make sure this doesn’t happen again.“This incident only reinforces the____46____for the reimagination of the museum we have embarked upon.It’s a sad day for all who love our British Museum,but we’re determined to____47____the wrongs and use the experience to build a stronger museum.”Hartwig Fischer,the museum’s director,said:“This is a highly unusual incident.We take the safeguarding of all the items in our care____48____.The museum apologises for what has happened,but we have now brought an end to this–and we are determined to put things right.We have already tightened our security arrangements and we are working alongside outside experts to complete a definitive____49____of what is missing,damaged and stolen.This will allow us to____50____our efforts into our work to ensure the stolen items are returned to the museum.”III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.I own a market research company,so I understand the importance of gathering data from your target audience and using that data in order to make product development.I also know that surveys can provide____51____information that's extremely valuable to our clients.But the quality of the data you get as an output from surveys is only as strong as how well you____52____the survey questions.One of the main pitfalls I see teams make is writing leading questions that might get the company results they want to hear,but those results are not always____53____.Below are common ways I've seen companies ask leading questions and how to avoid them:1.Don't make assumptions for your participants.“How well do you think we delivered on your project?”implies your team did a good job.To make it more objective,____54____to ask,“How did we deliver on your project?”It's a subtle change,but the second question takes out the implicit bias.2.Balance the options from which participants can choose.Let's say you want to know the level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction customers have with your product or service.If you ask this in a multiple-choice format,you need to ensure the____55____is balanced for both positive and negative responses.The following options, for example,would not work:•Extremely satisfied•Very satisfied•Satisfied•Somewhat unsatisfied•UnsatisfiedAs a rule of thumb,if you have“extremely”on the positive end,you should have “extremely”on the negative side as well,and give a(n)____56____option in the middle of the scale.3.Don't'lead the witness'(or participant).Again,if you're seeking____57____(and you should have started with knowing why you're conducting the survey in the first place),you don't want to put statements in front of a question that will lead participants to____58____in a certain way.____59____,my company works a lot with educational technology companies.We would never write a question such as this:“Most of the people who use this educational technology product say that the adaptive and personalized nature of the product is better than others on the market.What do you think?”This is because,now,the participant knows exactly what we want them to think.4.Avoid double-barrel questions.Be mindful about including two questions in one and____60____how a participant can respond.Say you ran an event for customers;you wouldn't want to ask,“What do you think about the location and the quality of the speakers?”and then have multiple choice options where they are really only able to respond to one question.They might have loved the venue but hated your presenters.The____61____of the data you gather is compromised when you put questions together.5.Don't write coercive questions.These questions don't sit well.In my experience,they tend to come up more in customer ____62____surveys and employee surveys when you really want to be able to highlight the positives.Examples of coercive questions include:"You'll leave us a positive Google Review,won't you?""You'll tell your friends to visit our restaurant,right?"Naturally,these are full of bias,so they should be avoided____63____.Know what the goals of your survey are.If you want to get data that____64____biases, yes,leading questions can help you get those data points.But the integrity of the data cannot be trusted when you're not writing questions in a(n)____65____way for your participants to answer.51. A.quantitative B.controversial C.mysterious D.proper52. A.craft B.pave C.tempt D.anchor53. A.delightful B.dominant C.accurate D.independent54. A.repeat B.rephrase C.restore D.refresh55. A.portion B.category C.thread D.scale56. A.random rmative C.sacred D.neutral57. A.instinct B.gratitude C.truth D.harmony58. A.reverse B.respond C.deny pete59. A.In addition B.For instance C.After all D.Above all60. A.limiting B.spilling C.inserting D.distracting61. A.integrity B.endurance C.exploitation D.highlight62. A.discrimination B.satisfaction C.transition D.perseverance63. A.on good terms B.by no means C.at all costs D.to some extent64. A.conserves B.entitles C.seals D.includes65. A.isolated B.objective C.selected D.reflectiveSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In winter,Hammerfest is a thirty-hour ride by bus from Oslo,though why anyone would wantto go there in winter is a question worth considering.It is on the edge of the world,the northernmost town in Europe,a place of dark and fierce winters,where the sun sinks into the Arctic Ocean in November and does not rise again for ten weeks.I wanted to see the Northern Lights...but now as l picked my way through Oslo in late December.I was beginning to have my doubts.Things had not started well.I had overslept at the hotel,missing breakfast,and had to leap into my clothes.I couldn't find a taxi and had to drag my over-weighted bag eight blocks to the central bus station.I had had huge difficulty persuading the staff at the Kreditkassen Bank on Karl Johans Gate to cash sufficient traveller's cheques to pay the1,200-kroner bus fare------they simply could not be made to grasp that the William McGuire Bryson on my passport and the Bill Bryson on my traveller's cheques were both me-and now here l was arriving at the station two minutes before departure...and the girl at the ticket counter was telling me that she had no record of my reservation.'This isn't happening,'I said.'I'm still at home in England enjoying Christmas...'Actually,I said, 'There must be some mistake.Please look again.'The girl studied the passenger list.'No,Mr Bryson,your name is not here.'But I could see it,even upside-down.'There it is,second from the bottom.''No,'the girl decided,'that says Bernt Bjornson.That's a Norwegian name.''It doesn't say Bernt Bjorson.It says Bill Bryson.Look at the y,the two ls.Miss,please,’But she wouldn't have it.'If I miss this bus,when does the next one go?''Next week at the same time.'Oh,splendid.'Miss,believe me,it says Bill Bryson.''No,it doesn't.''Miss,look,I've come from England.I'm carrying some medicine that could save a child's life.' She didn't buy this.'l want to see the manager.''He's in Stavanger.''Listen,I made a reservation by telephone.If I don't get on this bus,I'm going to write a letter to your manager that will cast a shadow over your career prospects for the rest of this century.'This clearly did not alarm her.Then it struck me.'If this Bemt Bjorson doesn't show up,can l have this seat?''Sure.'Why don't I think of these things in the first place...?'Thank you,'I said...66.What can be learned from the passage about Hammerfest?A.It is located in the South of the city of Oslo.B.It is where the Northern Lights can be seen.C.It remains a town without sufficient power supply.D.It remains in the darkness from November till next March.67.The writer got to the station just two minutes before the train's departure because he spent much time_____.A.cashing his traveller's chequesB.finding a place to have breakfastC.waiting for a taxi to send him thereD.choosing suitable clothes to wear68.By“Oh,splendid”,the writer meant that he actually felt_____.A.puzzledB.amazedC.worriedD.relieved69.Why did the writer say he was carrying some medicine and he would write to the manager?A.To tell the girl what he really wanted to do.B.To show the girl how angry he was with her.C.To warn the girl of the potential consequences.D.To persuade the girl to give him a seat on the bus.(B)Care for a zoom-in observation of animals with no bars between you and the observed as opposed to ordinary zoos?Where to have close-up encounters with some of the world’s most rare animals？We are revealing for you：1.Right whales,Bay of Fundy,CanadaNorthern right whales are on the brink of extinction,but survivors arrive in the Bay of Fundy each summer(May through October)to feed east of Grand Manan Island.They are recognized by a broad back and no dorsal fin,which distinguish them from other whales entering the bay.Planning:Whale-watching tours operate out of Digby Neck peninsula on Nova Scotia and nearby islands,such as Brier Island.St.Andrews.Grand Manan Island.and Deer Island.2.Grizzly bears,AlaskaGrizzlies like salmon.In mid-July and again in mid-August,grizzlies make for Alaskan rivers to hook out the fish with their formidable claws.The bears gather in large numbers at rapids and pools,sometimes fighting for the best sites.Brooks Falls in Katmai National Park,and Fish Creek, near Hyder,have viewing platforms.Planning:Most fishing sites are reached by chartered light aircraft and a hike.Hyder is off the Swart-Cassiar Highway.3.Monarch butterflies,Sierra Chincua,MexicoEach fall,millions of North American monarch butterflies migrate thousands of miles to the oyalmel fir forests of the Transvolcanic Mountain Range,in the state of Mchoacdn.They flock intimately(closely)on tree trunks,bushes,and on the ground,fully showing their gregarious natureand occupy Sierra Chincua and four neighbouring hills that make up the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve.Planning:Chineua is one of two hills in the reserve open to the public from November through March.4.Komodo dragons,Komodo Island,IndonesiaLanding on Komodo,you would feel like stepping back to a time when dinosaurs ruled the Earth,as park maps reported,“Here be dragons!”This mountainous volcanic island is home to the world's largest living lizard---the Komodo dragon.Weighing79to91kg.the Komodo dragon has a tail as long as its body.You can hike to a viewpoint at Banugulung and watch as park rangers feed food to the lizards,some of which are more than10ft(3m)long.Planning:Komodo is reached solely by boat from Bima(on eastern Sumbawa)or Labuan Bajo (on western Flores).5.Wildebeest migration,Serengeti,TanzaniaUndoubtedly the world's most spectacular wildlife sight is the annual wildebeest migration, when1.4million wildebeest and200,000zebras and gazelles are on the move across the Serengeti plains.The animals are trekking to chase the clean water and fresh grass.Along the way,lions and hyenas stalk them,and crocodiles lie in wait.Planning:The herds migrate across Tanzania from December through July,and then pass through the Masai Mara in Kenya in August and September.70.The underlined word gregarious is closest in meaning to________________.A.being able to climbB.preferring group livingC.migrating in small numbersD.moderate in temper71.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A.Right whales are distinguished from other whales by unique appearance features.B.Viewing spots for grizzly bears are accessible by air and on foot.C.Komodo Island is located east of Flores and West of SumbawaD.Wildebeest herds travel to pursue favourable food conditions.72.Li Hua is an adventurous visitor longing for closer look at animals.He is taking a gap year and doing voluntary work now in Indonesia.He will go back to China and further his study next fall. Which of the following will be the most reasonable wildlife-watching route after he finishes his voluntary work this winter?A.Alaska→Bay of Fundy→Sierra Chincua→SerengetiB.Serengeti→Alaska→Bay of Fundy→Sierra ChincuaC.Bay of Fundy→Sierra Chincua→Serengeti→AlaskaD.Sierra Chincua→Serengeti→Alaska→Bay of Fundy(C)Many Americans harbor a false and exaggerated view of most of the risks surrounding food. Fergus Clydesdale,head of the department of food science and nutrition at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst,points out that if the dangers from bacterially polluted chicken were as great as some people believe,“the streets would be littered with people lying here and there.”Though the public increasingly demands no-risk food,there is no such thing.Bruce Ames, chairman of the biochemistry department at the University of California,Berkeley,points out that up to10%of a plant’s weight is made up of natural pesticides.Says he:“Since plants do not have jaws or teeth to protect themselves,they employ chemical warfare.”And many naturally produced chemicals,though occurring in tiny amounts,prove in laboratory tests to be strong carcinogens-a substance which can cause cancer.Mushrooms might be banned if they were judged by the same standards that apply to food additives.Declares Christina Stark,a nutritionist at Cornell University:“We’ve got far worse natural chemicals in the food supply than anything man-made.”Yet the issues are not that simple.While Americans have no reason to be terrified to sit down at the dinner table,they have every reason to demand significant improvements in food and water safety.They unconsciously and unwillingly take in too much of too many dangerous chemicals.If food already contains natural carcinogens,it does not make much sense to add dozens of new man-made ones.Though most people are subject to the small amounts of pollutants generally found in food and water,at least a few individuals will probably get cancer one day because of what they eat and drink.To make good food and water supplies even better,the Government needs to tighten its regulatory standards,enhance its inspection program and strengthen its enforcement policies.The food industry should modify some long-accepted practices or turn to less risky alternatives.Perhaps most important,consumers will have to do a better job of learning how to handle and cook food properly.The problems that need to be tackled exist all along the food-supply chain,from fields to processing plants to kitchens.73.What does the author think of the Americans’view of their food?A.They overstate the government’s interference with the food industry.B.They are overoptimistic about the safety of their food.C.They overestimate the risk of the food they eat.D.They overlook the potential danger caused by the food.74.The author considers it impossible to obtain no-risk food because________.A.no food is free from pollution in the environmentB.pesticides are widely used in agricultureC.many vegetables contain dangerous natural chemicalsD.almost all foods have hazardous additives75.By saying“they employ chemical warfare”(Para.2),Bruce Ames means“________”.A.plants produce certain chemicals to resist pests and diseasesB.plants absorb useful chemicals to promote their growthC.farmers use man-made chemicals to dissolve the natural chemicals in plantsD.farmers use chemicals to protect plants against pests and diseases76.What is the message the author wants to convey in the passage?A.Eating and drinking have become more dangerous than before due to additives.B.Sweeping measures must be taken immediately to ensure safety in food industry.C.Healthy food is a distant dream in the modern society,remaining to be realized.D.There is reason for caution but no cause for alarm with regard to food consumption.Section CDirections:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A.They differ in how they space the syllables in a sentence.B.Unlike other languages,English is unusually rich in consonant(辅音)clusters.C.French-speakers are familiar with a U.S.city called yoos-TON,not the English HYOO-ston.D.In“civilisation”the primary and secondary stress is on the4th and1st syllable respectively.E.There is much more to learning a foreign accent than the sounds that the letters on the page represent.F.As with chemistry,the important thing is not just how the elements behave in isolation,but how they cometogether.Why you have an accent in a foreign languageOpen a textbook for a foreign language,the first thing you see is an alphabet,listing the lettersand the sounds they represent.This is obviously crucial for unfamiliar systems,say those of Greek or Russian.But even for languages that rely on the Latin alphabet,the guide will explain how accentmarks change a letter’s pronunciation,and strange features such as the-gl-in Italian.And with that,it’s off to master greetings,vocabulary and so on,with little further thought for pronunciation.This is a shame.____87____To begin with,the rough equivalents given in Englishare often quite rough indeed.In French,the p in Paris sounds rather different from the p in English,a contrast often neglected in textbooks:the French version lacks the strong puff of air of the Englishone.Even when textbooks or instructors mention this sort of difference,the next step is often missing.____88____Each language has rules for these combinations,which native speakers generally grasp but don’t or can’t explain.。

2020-2021学年上海市第十中学高三英语月考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATwitter humorist and TV writer Jonny Sun is the author of the 2017 best-sellereveryone'sa aliebn when ur a aliebn too. This time, he recommends some emotionally powerful books.The Book of Delightsby Ross Gay(2019)Gay's collection of 102 short but emotional stories, begun in mid-2016 and written in the order of time over a year in America, focuses on the careful observation of ordinary delights in daily life. The writing is personal and grounded in thoughtful joy.100 Essays I Don't Have Time to Writeby Sarah Ruhl(2014)Seemingly a collection of essays on theater, Ruhl's book feels instead like the playwright's thoughts all of life. Her writing here is deeply personal, sharply argued but also playful. The book is actually a detailed description of the artist herself.They Can't Kill Us Until They Kill Usby Hanif Abdurraqib(2017)I am always so moved by Abdurraqib's writing. He combines cultural criticism and personal memory in such a beautiful way, making the two styles naturally bound.Space Struckby Paige Lewis(2019 )This poetry collection awakened emotions in me that I did not know existed, or that I could feel, or that one could ever put words to. Every line is playful, honest, complex, and gentle.If you want to get more books, you can click here:Try more books1. Which book is a collection of short stories of daily happiness?A. The Book of Delights.B. 100 Essays I Don't Have Time to Write.C. They Can't Kill Us Until They Kill Us.D. Space Struck.2. Who is probably a poet?A. Ross Gay.B. Sarah Ruhl.C. Hanif Abduraqib.D. Paige Lewis.3. Where is the text most likely from?A. A diary.B. A brochure.C. A website.D. A magazine.BWhat about your emotions? How do they help you to understand what you are reading?In Jane Yolan'sOwl Moon,a girl explores with her father on a snowy night. She longs for this special night.And she's amazed when she sees an owl.Have you felt longing before? Amazement? Well, if you have, it helps you have a sense of agreement. When we can put ourselves inside a story we can understand it better. Our brain tells us,"Oh, this girl's experience is a bit like mine."And boom! We can relate to her.But this skill is not born in us.So young kids have to learn it.Pictures and images help young readers to understand and recognize feelings.Readers feel joy when seeing the smiling faces of friends.They feel fear when turning the page to find a scary monster. They are just pictures,but the feelings are real. This skill, to understand the thinking and feeling of others, is what researchers call "theory of mind".For example, think about the faces of people and animals in stories. The Big Bad Wolf's scary teeth. The 'o' shape of a surprised character's mouth. Or big, wide eyes like the girl inOwl Moon.By noticing the faces,readers can start to figure out what it feels like to be that character.And that helps to figure out how people feel and think in real life.But most young readers don't go into deep,scary woods.And some may not go to the beach or play basketball.In the bookYo!Yes?two kids meet and play ball. The kids start the story on opposite pages.But as the story goes on,they get closer until they are together.Some young readers might not play basketball, but they can read the clues on the page to figure out how the kids are feeling.And some readers might not like the game,but they can feel excited for the characters because of how the characters look and move.4. What can we learn from the second paragraph?A.Owl Moontalks about the exploration of the Moon.B. The feeling of"amazement"is a sense of agreement.C. Readers are blessed with the ability to interpret others.D. Readers with similar experience understand the story better.5. Which of the following might help readers develop"theory of mind"?A. True feelings.B. Smiling faces.C. Picture books.D. Reading skills.6. Young readers can go deeper into a story by________.A. tracking the plotB. developing new skillsC. sharing similar hobbiesD. analyzing the background7. What is the text mainly about?A. How thinking influences reading.B. How readers improve reading skills.C. How emotions help enhance reading.D. How kids figure out the clues of stories.CA Hug from a Teenage BoyFifteen years spent in the field of education have provided Nancy Marra with many treasured moments. One of the most endearing happened when she was teaching second grade.That year, she decided to plan something special for the children: a Mother’s Day tea. After all the preparations were made for it, each child took home an invitation.Nancywas surprised and relieved to see that every mother was planning to attend. She even invited her own mother.Finally, the day arrived. That afternoon, each child lined up at the classroom door expecting the arrival of his or her mom. As it got closer to starting time,Nancylooked around and her eyes quickly found Jimmy. His mother hadn’t shown up and he was looking upset.Nancytook her mother by the hand and walked over to Jimmy. “Jimmy,”Nancysaid, “I have a bit of a problem here and I was wondering if you could help out. Since I’m going to be really busy today, I was wondering if you could keep my mother company.”Nancy’s mom and Jimmy sat at a table with two other mother-child pairs. Jimmy servedNancy’s mom her treats, presented her with the giftNancyhad made, and pulled out and pushed in her chair, just as they had practiced the day before. WheneverNancylooked over, her mom and Jimmy were in deep conversation Ten years later,Nancywas at a high school to take a senior class on a field trip, and there was Jimmy. On the way back,Nancyhad the students complete an evaluation form of their trip. She collected and checked the forms one by one.When she came to Jimmy’s evaluation page, he had written, “Remember our Mother’s Day tea we had in second grade, Mrs. Marra? I do! Thanks for all you did for me, and thank your mother, too.”As they began unloading at the school, Jimmy made sure he was the last one to go.Nancytold him she really enjoyed what he had written. He looked rather embarrassed, mumbled (咕哝) his own thanks, and then turned towalk away. As the bus driverbegan pulling the bus away, Jimmy ran back and knocked on the bus door. He jumped back on board and gaveNancya big hug. “Thanks again, Mrs. Marra. No one even knew my mom didn’t make it that day!”She ended her workday with a hug from a teenage boy who had probably stopped hugging teachers years ago.8. Why was Jimmy paired withNancy’s mother?A. Nancy was too busy to spend time with her.B. Jimmy’s mother didn’t come to the event.C. Nancy wanted Jimmy to get to know her.D. Jimmy could get along well with her.9. Where did Jimmy meetNancyten years later?A. Near Jimmy’s high school.B. At a Mother’s Day tea.C. In Nancy’s classroom.D. On a field trip.10. How did Jimmy feel about whatNancyhad done for him?A. Upset.B. Embarrassed.C. Grateful.D. Satisfied.11. Which of the following best presents the theme of the passage?A. No act of kindness is ever wasted.B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.C. A mother’s hug lasts long after she lets go.D. The best teacher must be the best performer.DCoke was introduced by the Coca Cola company in 1886, making it a rather true andtested favorite of generations of people in over 200 countries. This list should give you some ideas on how to get more from your coke than usual.. Coca Cola is an excellent rust buster (除锈剂). If you have a bunch of small rusty objects, put them in coke overnight and give them a goodscrubin the morning. Coke helps to break down the rust, making cleaning much easier. Be sure to throw out the used coke when you are done with it or you might be taking a trip to the doctor.. Like the previous item, the citric acid (柠檬酸) in coke makes for an excellent window cleaner. This isespecially useful for car windows. Pour a can of coke over the window and rub the window, then wipe it off with a wet cloth to remove any sugary matter from the sugar in the drink. As coke is fullof sugar, you should clean the sticky matter off the window glasses, or it will be not a cleaner but a dirt.. For those of you who live in areas where skunk (臭鼬) smells can be an issue from time to time, one can of coke added to water with detergent (清洁剂) really helps to break the smell down. If you have been sprayed, stand in the shower and cover yourself from head to toe with coke — wait for a few minutes, then wash yourself with a shower. Coke is an excellent hair treatment so you get two tips for the price of one with this item!. Pots can sometimes get black on the bottom. The black is almost impossible to remove; this is caused by over-cooking. To remove the black and renew your pot, pour in a can of coke (or as much as you need to cover the blackened area by an inch) and put it on the stove on a low heat. After an hour or so, wash the pot as normal.12. What does the underlined word “scrub”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Start.B. Cleaning.C. Shake.D. Example.13. What is important while using coke to clean car windows?A. Use a dry cloth.B. Rub the window lightly.C. Don’t pour too much coke.D. Clean the sugary matter thoroughly.14. For which purpose does coke have to be mixed with other material?A. To get rid of the black on the pot.B. To breakdown the rust,C. To remove smells.D. To clean windows.15. What type of writing is this text?A. An advertisement.B. A review.C. A news report.D. A practical guide.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年上海交通大学附属中学高三英语月考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATheatre reflects the values of the civilization out of which it grows. The following are the types of theatre performances an ancient Roman might have witnessed then.Fescennine VerseFescennine Verse was a pioneer of Roman comedy. Ironic and improvisational（即兴的）, it was used mainly at festivals or weddings, and as invective. With early native Italian funny dialogues in Latin verse, it was thought to have combined with a tradition of performances by masked dancers and musicians from Etruria.Fabula AtellanaFabula Atellana relied on common characters, masks, direct humor, and simple plots. They were performed by actors improvising. Fabula Atellana came from the Oscan city of Atella. There were 4 main types of characters: the braggart, the greedy blockhead, the clever hunchback and the stupid old man, like modern Punch and Judy shows.Fabula TogataNamed for the clothing symbolic of the Roman people Fabula Togata had various subtypes. One was the Fabula Tabernaria, named for the tavern（酒馆）where the comedy’s preferred characters, lowlifes, might be found. One describing more middle-class types, and continuing the Roman clothing theme, was the Fabula Trabeata.Fabula PraetextaFabula Praetexta is the name for Roman tragedies on Roman themes, Roman history or current politics. Fabula Praetexta was less popular than tragedies on Greek themes. During the Golden Age of drama in the Middle Republic, there were four great Roman writers of tragedy, Naevius, Ennius, Pacuvius, and Accius. Of their surviving tragedies, 90 titles remain.All the performances above began as a translation of Greek forms, even to the extent of their being performed in Greek costume.1.Where might an ancient Roman witness Fescennine Verse?A.At a party.B.At a funeral.C.At a wedding.D.At a concert.2.Which type of performance describes the middle-class life?A.Fabula Atellana.B.Fabula Tabernaria.C.Fabula Trabeata.D.Fabula Praetexta.3.What do the listed types of performances have in common?A.They copy Latin dramas.B.They take on Greek forms.C.They reflect Roman themes.D.They refer to Italian stories.BEarthquakes are a natural disaster—except when they're man-made. The oil and gas industry has forcefully used the technique known as hydraulic fracturing (水力压裂法) to destroy sub-surface rock and liberate the oil and gas hiding there. But the process results in large amounts of chemical-filled waste water. Horizontal drilling (水平钻孔) for oil can also produce large amount of natural, unwanted salt water. The industry deals with this waste water by pumping it into deep wells.On Monday, the US Geological Survey published for the first time an earthquake disaster map covering both natural and “induced” quakes. The map and a report show that parts of the central United States now face a ground-shaking disaster equal to the famously unstable terrain (不稳定地形) of California.Some 7 million people live in places easily attacked by these man-made quakes, the USGS said The list of places at highest risk of man-made earthquakes includes Oklahoma, Kansas, Texas, Arkansas, Colorado, New Mexico, Ohio and Alabama. Most of these earthquakes are ly small, in the range of magnitude (震级) 3, but some have been more powerful, including a magnitude 5.6 earthquake in 2011 in Oklahoma that was connected to waste water filling.Scientists said they do not know ifthere is an upper limit on the magnitude of man-made earthquakes; this is an area of active research Oklahoma has had prehistoric earthquakes as powerful as magnitude 7.It's not immediately clear whether this new research will change industry practices, or even whether it will surprise anyone in the areas of newly supposed danger. In Oklahoma, for example, the natural rate of earthquakes is only one or two a year, but there have been hundreds since hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling, with the waste water filling, became common in the last ten years.4. What kind of human activities can cause earthquakes?A. The man-made produced waste water in the factories.B. The process of digging deep wells in those poor areas.C. The advanced techniques used to deal with waste water.D. The oil or gas industry's work connected with the earth.5. What does the underlined word “induced” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Man-made.B. Reduced.C. Newly-built.D. Controlled.6. How much magnitude can man-made earthquakes reach?A. It's been said as small as magnitude 3.B. It has been said as high as magnitude 7.C. It's being studied without a final conclusion.D. It has risen by an average of magnitude 5. 6.7. What is the best title for the text?A. Natural Earthquakes in America Are Disappearing NowB. 7 Million Americans at Risk of Man-Made EarthquakesC. Time for Oil and Gas Industry Change Their Working PracticeD. More Often Earthquakes as Powerful as Magnitude 7 in AmericaCIt was very cold and I had been watching a homeless man make himself comfortable in a “shelter” on the river bank. His “shelter” was a tarpaulin (油布)tied to rocks to keep the wind from blowing it away. He had been living there for over a month. I never saw him with warm clothing or food. I knew what I wanted to do.When I told my parents what I wanted to do they werealarmed. They said I could be putting myself at risk, taking a box to a homeless person at night! But I knew, in my deep heart, that I would be safe.I got a box. My parents watched as I added warm gloves, a heavy blanket ... into the box until it was full! Then, I put a Christmas card on top. It said, “Even though we hardly know each other, I want to wish you a Merry Christmas!” I put ten one-dollar bills inside it as well.My father insisted he went there with me as it was 10 pm on Christmas Eve. I said he could drive me but he had to stay in the car. He agreed.I took the box and walked towards his “house”. I called, “Sir, I have a Christmas box for you!”“Go away!” he shouted.“Sir,” I repeated.“Go away!” he shouted.“Why?” I asked him.He walked over and I expected to see an angry face. Instead I saw two of the most beautiful, gentle, blue eyes I have ever seen.“Merry Christmas!” I said.“Why are you doing this?” he asked.“Because you matter to me,” I said. With that I gave him the box.Tears came to his eyes and he thanked me. I got back to the car and watched him carry the box like it was filled with gold. I didn’t want to embarrass (使困窘) him by watching him any more so Dad and I left.8. The underlined word “alarmed” can best be replaced by _____.A. pleasedB. worriedC. disappointedD. surprised9. Why did the author ask his father to stay in the car?A. Because he wanted to prove he was brave.B. Because he believed the homeless man was bad.C. Because he wanted to protect his father from being hurt.D. Because he didn’t want the homeless man to feel bad.10. When the homeless man saw the author first, he was _____.A. quite angryB. very excitedC. quite puzzledD. very curious11. The author’s purpose in writing the text is to tell readers that _____.A. it is easier said than doneB. poverty is the mother of healthC. where there is a will, there is a wayD. a willing helper doesnot wait until he is askedDWater keeps us alive. When it runs out, we have a problem.About one out of four people on the planet are facing a shortage of water. Seventeen countries around the world are dealing with high-water stress. This means they are using almost all the water they have access to. Many are dry countries. Some waste much of their water. Some may currently use too much of their groundwater that they should be saving. Several big cities face acute shortages. These include Sao Paulo, Brazil; Chennai, India; and Cape Town, South Africa. A year ago, Cape Town faced nay Zero-the day when all its dams would he dry.Climate change adds to the risk of water shortages. Rainfall is less steady. The water supply becomes less reliable. The days grow hotter. More water evaporates(蒸发)from lakes and rivers even as demand for water increases. By 2030, the number of cities in the high-stress category may have risen to 45 and include almost 470 million people.All over the world, farmers compete with city residents for water. Rich urban places, such as Los Angeles, use too much water for pools and golf courses. But the worst problem is the growth of cities. Bangalore, India, for example, had a few years with little rain. It built over its many lakes or filled them with city waste. The lakes are no longer the rain water storage tanks they once were. Bangalore now imports water. A lot of the imported water, however, gets lost on the way to Bangalore.To address this issue, what can be done? First, cities can plug leaks in their water distribution system. Wastewater can be recycled. Rain can be harvested and saved for hard times. Lakes and wetlands can be cleaned up and old wells can be restored. And farmers can switch from water-intensive crops like rice to less-thirsty crops like millet(小米).Experts are looking at ways to reduce the number of people on the planet. They are looking at ways to reduce the size of cities. They are looking for ways to encourage people, factories and farmers to use less water.12. What can we know from Paragraph 2?A. A quarter of the world's population is living with water shortages.B. Nearly all countries are facing acute water shortages now.C. Underground water should he used to meet the water demand.D. Measures have been taken to deal with the water shortage in India.13. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?A. Rainfall is not as steady as before.B. Climate change may lead to water shortages.C. The water supply relies more on rainfall.D. Hotter weather changes the water demand.14. What can farmers do to deal with water shortage?A. Plug leaks in the water distribution system.B. Clean up lakes and wetlands and restore wells.C. Reduce the number of people in the cities.D. Grow less-water consumption crops instead.15. What will be discussed if the passage continues?A. How to prevent from climate change.B. How to inspire people to save water.C. How to recycle wastewater in citiesD. How to make people get access to clean water.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020年上海交大附中分校高三英语月考试卷含解析一、选择题1. — Miss. Miller, this is Ruben Holmen calling again. You had said I should call this week to schedule an interview with you.—________, why don’t we say next Monday at 11:30 a.m.?A. It dependsB. All right thenC. How comeD. With pleasure参考答案：B2. Please come in the afternoon ,In the morning, he a reportA、is writingB、has writtenC、wroteD、will be writing参考答案：D3. The person sitting opposite _____ Mr．Smith is our new manager．A．to B．/ C．with D．of参考答案：B4. He proved(证明) himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his _____ was seen at its best when he worked with others.A. temperB. lookC.talent D. character参考答案：D5. In China, it is a traditional ________to show respect to ancestors during the Qingming Festival.A.beliefB.customC.strengthD.principle参考答案：B6. —Mom，may I play computer games just for a while?—______！Dad is writing his paper.A．Help yourself B．It's up to youC．Behave yourselfD．Go ahead参考答案：C7. —Have you checked the engine?—Yes, I did twice; there ______ be anything wrong with the car.A. won’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. shouldn’t参考答案：D略8. -----Which driver was to blame?-----Why, ________! It was the child’s fault, clear and simple. He suddenly came out between two parked cars.A. bothB. eachC. eitherD. neither参考答案：D略9. Plastic surgery(整形外科) is popular all over the world,but I think it is entirely a matter of personal .A.intentionB.desireC.customD.preference参考答案：D10. Some young people these days just ____go out of their homes to contact the real world.A. mightn'tB. mustn'tC.won'tD. shouldn't参考答案：C11. Online learning resources would cease to be effective or even have negative effects_______ to use themwisely and flexibly.A. should the students failB. if the students failC. had the students failedD. if the students have failed参考答案：A12. According to the school rule, no child be allowed out of the school, unless accompanied by his or her own parents.A. shouldB. mustC. shallD. can参考答案：C13. inadequate supply of vitamin A can lead to blindness．A．An；the B．An；／ C．The：a D．The；the参考答案：B14. In today’s world, being able to speak more than one language, including English, is ______ you stand out and get ahead.A. whatB. whichC. howD. that参考答案：C15. Sheldon could have defeated Howard in the match, but he _______ too careless at the last minute.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. had been参考答案：B16. With nothing_______to burn, the fire became weak and finally died out.A. leavingB. leftC. leaveD. to leave参考答案：B试题分析：句意：剩下的没有什么东西可燃烧，火越来越弱最后熄灭了。

2019届高三英语10月月考试题（含解析）时量 120 分钟总分 150 分第I卷（三部分，共115分）第一部分听力理解 (共三节，30分)第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

1. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a bank.B. In a hotel.C. In a store.2. What’s the man doing now?A. Meeting his boss.B. Watching TV.C. Walking to the office.3. What did the man do recently?A. Went on business.B. Flew to his hometown.C. Made a presentation in New York.4. Why is the man late?A. Because his car was broken.B. Because he met the traffic jam.C. Because he went to school on foot.5. What happened to the man?A. He set up a new company.B. He raised a lot of money.C. He got a higher position.第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)听下面4段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

2020届上海交通大学附属中学高三英语月考试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AGetting your kid to bed at night is seriously one of the most challenging things you'll ever have to do. Most kids are just so full of energy that they'll tire you out before they're halfway through their store of energy. An easy thing to calm down your child to get into bed is giving in and allowing some iPad screen time. However, it's really not a great idea, just like you thought.Researchers at theArizonaStateUniversityconducted a study with 547 kids between the ages of 7 to 9. Their parents tracked how much screen time the kids were allowed along with their sleep patterns. The study found that kids who did not engage in screen time before bed slept for 23 more minutes every week and also went to sleep about 34 minutes earlier than those playing with iPad. Although that might not seem like so much more time, quality of sleep is vastly important in Children's development.The CDC's (美国疾病控制中心)2018 National Youth Risk Survey outlines that good quality sleep can impact a child's life in many ways, including affecting grades and also weight gain. Students with an "A" average slept for 30 or more minutes per night than those with a "D" or"F" average.A 2018PennsylvaniaStateUniversitystudy showed that children with irregular bedtimes had a higher risk of having increased body weight. Those with consistent and age-appropriate bedtimes when they were 9 years old had a healthier BMI (体质指数)at age 15 than those with irregular bedtimes.Hard as it is, it's really important not to give in and hand over an iPad to your child who is about to go to bed. Just like it's important for adults to go to sleep without any distractions, it's even more important for kids.1. What do the findings of the researchers at theArizonaStateUniversitysuggest?A. More sleep is necessary for children's development.B. Enough sleep helps improve academic performances.C. Screen time before bed leads to later and less sleep.D. Children sleeping irregularly are easy to gain weight.2. What is the text mainly about?A. How is screen time affecting teenagers?B. What are negative effects of irregular bedtimes?C. When should you get your kid to bed at night?D. Why is screen time before bed a bad idea for kids?3. Who is the text intended for?A. Parents.B. Children.C. Teachers.D. Researchers.BJeff Bezos, Elon Musk and Richard Branson have a combined net worth of 400 billion, roughly the size of the GDP of the entire nation of Ireland. And all three men have decided to put vast sums of their wealth into chasing their space travel dreams, creating a modern space race in which ultra — rich men — rather than countries — shoot for the stars.But why the three billionaires choose the crazy plan? Just for the travel dreams? It’s not that simple.As we all know, the space travel is a mirror of comprehensive national strength, whether it’s the cold war or the present. The first space racespannedmultiple presidents and premiers — Kennedy, Krushchev, Brezhnev, Nixon. It made heroes of astronauts and cosmonauts, and it focused national prides. But obviously, this year’s race between the billionaires features none of that national pride or opposing ideas. It’s tax — averse tycoons (大亨) who want to sell high — priced tickets to rich people interested in experiencing weightlessness. Amazon’s Bezos has said he is funding his portion by selling off large chunks of his Amazon stock (股票) — 1 billion or more a year.What are the odds? If anyone is taking bets on how this will end, and who will have the more profitable space tourism business, consider Amazon’s method of making very little profit in order to eat up competition. So, from this point of view, what’s hiding behind this crazy race is business. As a method of expand influence, it is not a bad idea.Richard Branson has carried out his plan on July 12, and Jeff Bezos announced that he will start his space travel on July 20. Bezos is getting some good press because he’s taking Wally Funk along for the ride. She’s the pilot now in her 80s who was kept out of space in the 1960s because she’s a woman. This may be a bonus for him. As for Musk, he thinks these two above are not real space trips, he wants a larger move.Who will win the race in the end? Let’s wait and see.4. Which of the following people might be the potential client of the space travel?A. Daisy aged 45 with a heavy debt.B. Clarkson who doesn’t enjoy taking risks.C. Billy aged 60 with an ample retirement pension.D. Alexander who knows nothing about space travel.5. What stopped Wally Funk flying to space in the 1960s?A. Age.B. Gender.C. Height.D. Disposition.6. What does the author think of the billionaires race?A. Profit — driven.B. Meaningless.C. Foolish.D. Generous.7. What does the underlined word “spanned” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Revolved.B. Turned down.C. Entered.D. Leapt through.CWhen a United Kingdomsupermarket chain promised to move its farms to Net Zero by 2030, it made it clear that the effort would require working on many different fronts. From energy consumption and land - use change to methane emissions (甲烷排放), cattle farming comes with environmental challenges. So even if recent studies suggesting it's possible to cut methane emissions 80% do turn out to be accurate, there's still a very long way to go for most cattle farming to get anywhere close to truly net zero.Organic Valley, when producing milk, might be closer to that goal. It made headlines in 2019 by going 100% renewable (可再生的). Now the company is expanding on that tradition by starting a major loan initiative (贷款计划) to help its farm suppliers adopt renewable energy too.Created with Clean Energy Credit Union, the $ 1 million loan fund will deliver loans at below - marketrates. Specifically, the money will be made available to Organic Valley's 1, 700 farmer members, and can be used for a variety of projects.“We are focused on a whole systems approach to renewable energy, and I'm excited to launch this energy loan fund. From the farm to the shelf, I see renewable energy playing a bigger role in organic food,” said Bob Kirchoff, Organic Valley CEO.“Organic Valley is already helping to protect the environment through organic farming practices, and now they re going one step further by supporting the introduction of renewable energy projects for their farmer members,” said Blake Jones, volunteer board chair of Clean Energy Credit Union. “In addition to the environmental benefits, we re eager to help family farmers throughout the world to lower their energy costs.”The world is not short of examples of farmers innovating in the field of renewable energy. What's encouraging about Organic Valley's announcement is the idea of a national brand putting its marketing and financing weight behind such efforts and, hopefully, creating consumer demand that pushes the rest of the industry in this direction too.8. What does paragraph 1 indicate about going net zero for cattle farming?A It is not easy to achieve B. It is common in the UKC. It is an impractical goalD. It meets no challenges9. What is Organic Valley's tradition according to the text?A. Helping farm suppliersB. Using renewable energyC. Having a loan initiativeD. Making headlines annually10. What is Organic Valley's initiative mainly intended to do?A. Reform organic farming practicesB. Make use of environmental benefitsC. Help farmers decrease energy costsD. Shrink the group of farmer members11. What is the author's attitude towards Organic Valley's initiative?A. WorriedB. DoubtfulC. AmbiguousD. PositiveDAt any moment, about half the world’s population is wearing denim（牛仔布）clothes. But few realize tiny bits of denim have been adding up to a surprising amount of pollution in water, as a new study shows.Sam Athey, one of the study’s authors, says, “Even though denim is made of a natural material—cotton, it contains chemicals.” Cotton fibers were treated with many types of chemicals, she notes. Some improve its durability and feel. Others give denim its distinctive blue color1 .Athey and her team washed jeans and found that about 50,000 microfibers came off from each pair per wash. Not all of those fibers make their way into the environment. Wastewater treatment plants catch about 83 to 99 percent ofthem. Catching 99 percent may sound pretty good. But one percent of 50,000 is still 500 fibers per wash. And since every pair of jeans is washed again and again, it still adds up to lots of microfibers entering the water environment.Denim microfibers showed up in sediment（沉淀物）from the Great Lakes. More of these fibers polluted a series of shallow lakesin southern Ontario. They even turned up in sediment from the Arctic Ocean in northern Canada. The team found denim accounted for 12 to 23 percent of microfibers in the sediment. There were other microfibers too. But the team focused on denim because so many people wear jeans.“Everyone wears jeans so they could be our largest input of microfibers into our streams and soils,” Athey says. “An easy way to limit that is by washing our jeans less often.” Athey grew up thinking she should wash her jeans after wearing them every couple of times, but most jean companies recommend washing them no more than once a month. “The solution is not that you shouldn’t wear jeans,” she says. “We need to buy fewer denimclothes and only wash them when they truly need it.”12. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Chemicals are contained in natural cotton.B. Chemicals can make denim color1 ful.C. Chemicals prevent fibers from falling.D. Chemicals can make the life of denim longer.13. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Denim.B. Sediment.C. Microfibers.D. Chemicals.14. What does the author mainly want to tell us through Athey’s words ?A. To avoid wearing jeans.B. To reduce denim consumption.C. To wash jeans more often.D. To limit input in denim production.15. In which section of a magazine might the text be found?A. Science.B. Entertainment.C. Tourism.D. Geography.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。