高中英语语法专项之强调句_省略句(基础版)

高考英语近三年真题语法精讲精练：专题9-省略句和强调句-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN专题省略句和强调句一、省略考点一不定式中的省略1．感官动词或使役动词(feel，notice，see，hear，let，make，have等)后接不定式作宾语补足语时常省略to。

I heard my father sing in the kitchen.2．在由and或or连接的并列不定式结构中常省略后面的to。

I want to finish my homework and go home.3．在某些形容词(如：glad，happy，pleased等)后面时常保留to而省略上文已提到的动词原形。

—Will you join us in the game?—I'd be glad to.4．在do nothing but，can't help but，why not，would rather...than...，had better等句型中省略to。

The little boy could do nothing but cry.5．to后的内容常承前省略(只保留to即可)。

但如果承前省略的不定式中有have或be的任何形式，后应该保留原形be或have。

Susan is not what she used to be.考点二定语从句中的省略1．在限制性定语从句中，如果关系代词that，which，whom作从句中的宾语，可将关系代词省略。

Do you know the man (whom) our teacher spoke to?2．先行词the way(关系词作状语)，time(次数)后的定语从句常省略关系词。

I don't like the way(in which/that) he spoke to others.I can't remember how many times (that)I have failed.考点三状语从句中的省略1．当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句谓语动词含有be时，可省略状语从句的主语和be动词。

语法复习五：强调句、It的用法、省略和插入语一、强调句（一）强调句句型1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who （当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。

e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。

e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？e.g. When and where was it that you were born?4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。

强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。

原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。

强调句③did用于对实义动词一般过去时肯定句的强调。

It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)…句型的变式It is (was) + 被强调部分+that(who)…句式基本特征：Is/ Was it +被强调部分+that…；或情态动词+it+ be+被强调部分+ that…①Was it in 1969 ________ the American astronautssucceeded _______ landing on the moon ?A. when; onB. that; onC. when; inD.that; in②Could it be in the restaurant in ______ you haddinner with me yesterday ______ you lost yourhandbag?A. that; whichB. which; thatC. where; thatD. that; where特殊疑问句形式句式基本特征：特殊疑问词+is/was it that…？或特殊疑问词+情态动词+it+be++被强调部分+that…—_______is it _______has made Peter _______heis today?—Determination.A. What; that; thatB. That; that; whatC. What; what; thatD. What; that; what反意疑问句形式句式基本特征：It is/was+被强调部分+that…，isn’t/ wasn’t it？It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old manto the hospital, ______?A. do theyB. didn’t theyC. wasn’t itD.was it强调句与其它句型的结合与名词从句的结合句式特征为：整个强调句型用作名词性从句或者在强调句型中含有名词性从句。

专题十四强调句和省略句按照考纲要求,考生应能够恰当地使用词语和强调句式对表达的内容进行强调,近几年的高考试题主要考查考生对谓语动词的强调的理解和强调句型的灵活使用,考查复合句中的强调句式;按照考试大纲的要求,考生还应掌握英语省略的一些基本原则,在行文中正确地使用省略。

强调句一、强调句句型1.陈述句的强调句型:It is / was +被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语+that / who(当强调主语且主语指人+其他部分。

It was on the party that he met one of his old friends.2.一般疑问句的强调句型:同上,只是把is / was提到it前面。

Was it on the party that he met one of his old friends?3.特殊疑问句的强调句型:被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词+is / was +it +that / who +其他部分?When and where was it that you were born?I met the film star—Jackie Chan at Beijing Airport yesterday.强调主语:It was I (that / who met the film star—Jackie Chan at Beijing Airport yesterday.强调宾语:It was the film star—Jackie Chan that / who I met at Beijing Airport yesterday.强调地点状语:It was at Beijing Airport that I met the film star—Jackie Chan yesterday.强调时间状语:It was yesterday that I met the film star—Jackie Chan at Beijing Airport.注意:构成强调句的it本身没有词义;强调句中的连接词一般只用that和who,即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此,that和who不可省略;强调句中的时态通常用两种:一般现在时和一般过去时。

省略、倒装和强调省略为了使句子结构更加紧密或为了避免重复，而将前面或后面已经出现过的词语省略，或因习惯上的用法而省略部分词语，这样所形成的句子叫省略句。

一. 简单句中的省略1. 省略主语在祈使句或某些习惯性的用法中常省略主语。

如(You) Close the door at once.(It) Sounds fine to me.2. 省略主语和谓语的一部分在表示建议的问句、比较状语从句、感叹句和there be句型中常省略。

如What (do you think) about a cup of tea? He speaks English as well as you (do).What a (good) girl (she is)! (Is there) anything elso to buy?3. 省略宾语、表语这种省略常见于对话的答语中。

如---Which of the two is better?---It’s hard to tell (it).He is hard-working and so is his sister (hard-working).4. 名词所有格后名词的省略名词所有格修饰的名词有上下文已出现或表示店铺、住宅、教堂等地点时常省略。

如These are John’s books and those are Mary’s (books).At her mother’s (house) she passed many happy days.5. 冠词的省略在某些固定短语the next day（morning，week，year …）中，有时为了使语气紧凑，定冠词the常可以省略；在副词的最高级前面定冠词常可以省略；另外在某些独立结构中和as引导的让步状语从句中，常可省略冠词。

如We went to the farm to help the farmers with the harvest (the) next day.He sings (the) best in the class. Child as she is, she knows a lot.6. 介词的省略一些动词搭配构成的短语，如prevent / stop sb（from）doing，have trouble / difficulty/ problems（in）doing，spend time（in）doing等中的介词常可以省略。

第十五节省略句省略是指在不产生语言错误，不引起误解和歧义的条件下，删去句中某些部分。

省略那些使句子冗长的现象，减少不必要的重复，信息中心突出，是强调手段之一。

例如：Fruit and vegetables should be carefully washed whether ( they are) eaten fresh or cooked.（不管是生吃还是熟吃，水果和蔬菜都应该认真地洗一洗。

）—Has the deadline passed? （最后期限过去了吗？）—( The deadline has) Not yet (passed).（还没有。

）省略可以使句子结构更为紧凑，句间关系更为密切，是话语单位和语篇中连接手段之一。

例如：Pushkin was Russia's greatest poet，and Tolstoy( was) her greatest novelist.（普希金是俄国最伟大的诗人，托尔斯泰是俄国最伟大的小说家。

）—We are bound to win the prize some day or other.（我们总有一天会获奖的。

）—Yes，but when (shall we win the prize)?（是的，不过是哪一天呢？）一、按照省略所依据的条件，省略可分为上下文省略、语境省略和语法结构省略（一）依赖于上下文的省略这类省略常见于并列结构和结构相似的句子。

—般可以从省略句的上下文中找出被省略的部分。

例如： Would a check-person at a large supermarket return money to a customer? It is less likely.（一家大的超级市场的收银员会把多收的钱还给顾客吗？可能性较小。

）(it代指被省略的部分：that check-person at a large supermarket would return money to a customer.)If you want me to，I'll go and buy more colored paper.（如果你要我去多买些彩纸我就去买。

英语语法专题训练——省略句倒装句强调句考点提示：1、句子成分省略的各种情况。

2、由neither，so，only，hardly等词引导的句子倒装。

全部倒装和部分倒装。

3、强调句子成分引起的倒装。

4、强调句型It is/was +被强调的部分+that/who+原句其他部分的用法。

考题测试1. Only when ________ possible to settle the problem.A. does the chief editor come will it beB. the chief editor comes will it beC. has the chief editor come it will beD. the chief editor comes it will be2. The tourists didn’t stop to rest at each station because it _______, them down.A. had slowedB. would slowC. should have slowedD. would have slowed3. ---Did you blame him for his mistakes?---Yes, but I’d rather _______it.A. not doB. not to doC. have not doneD. not have done4. ---This dialogue should ______ a question, not a puzzle.---I am ___________.A. have started with; to blameB. start with; to be blamedC. have started from; to blameD. start from; to be blamed5. __________ when he saw the UFO that he couldn’t move a bit.A. He was frightened enoughB. He was too frightenedC. So frightened he wasD. So frightened was he6. We took a taxi to the airport. Otherwise we _________late.A. would beB. wereC. will beD. would have been7. _________, Dick could not succeed ___________ the driving test.A. However hard he tried; in passingB. No matter how hard he tried; to passC. However he tried hard; in passingD. No matter how he tried hard; to pass8. ---I hear Johnson was badly injured in the accident. ---________, let’s go and see him.A. What’s moreB. If soC. Where possibleD. When necessary9. ________ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report.A. He hardly hadB. Had he hardlyC. Hardly had heD. Hardly he had10. ---Mr. Yang, everything is ready for the meeting.---I’m sorry, I _________ to tell you the meeting had been put off.A. should phoneB. ought to have phonedC. need to phoneD. should have been phoned11. George ________ to San Francisco because I saw him just a moment ago.A. mustn’t have goneB. can’t goC. couldn’t goD. can’t have gone12. ---It was fine yesterday.---________. And a very day for fishing, isn’t it?A. So it wasB. It is soC. So it isD. So is it13. He listened so carefully that not a single word ___________.A. be missedB. did he never missC. did he missD. he never missed14. ---Look, John’s fallen asleep.---Oh, he _________ too late last night.A. might sit upB. should have sat upC. could sit upD. must have sat up15. ---Were all the people in the bus injured in the accident?---No, ________only four passengers who got hurt.A. there wasB. it wereC. it wasD. it seemed16. ---I’m sorry, I shouldn’t have been so rude to you.---You ________ your temper but that’s OK.A. have lostB. had lostC. did loseD. were losing17. ---Why didn’t you answer my phone when I phoned you at about 11 p.m. yesterday?---I ________and failed to hear the phone.A. might have sleptB. must be sleepingC. might be sleepingD. must have been sleeping18. So difficult _________ it to live in an English—speaking country that I determined to learn English well.A. I have feltB. have I feltC. I did feelD. did I feel19. Mike, as far as I know, _________like to play music.A. seemsB. appearsC. feelsD. does20. Hardly _________ the animal ________ when it is hibernating.A. had; movedB. did; moveC. does; moveD. has moved21. What he _________, to be frank, please us present.A. does doB. does doesC. do doD. do does22. ---Why didn’t you buy the gold ring?---I _________, but I didn’t have the money.A. wouldB. had boughtC. boughtD. would have23. __________the students were hearing the exciting news!A. How pleasedB. What a funC. How happilyD. What pleasure24. An awful accident ________, however, occur the other day.A. doesB. didC. has toD. had to25. Only when your identity has been checked, _________.A. you are allowed inB. you will be allowed inC. will you allow inD. will you be allowed in答案：1-10 BDDAD DABCB 11-20 DDCDC CDDDC 21-26 BDABD倒装句转练1. ---- Look! There ____.---- Oh, yes, there ____.A.go the fishermen; go theyB. go the fishermen; they goC. are the fishermen going; are goingD. went the fishermen; they went2.Now ____ Wang’s turn to recite the text.A. there isB. is goingC. has comeD. comes3. Seeing many people coming, away ____.A. the thief ranB. run the thiefC. ran the thiefD. did the thief run4. ____ the plane.A. Flew downB. Down flewC. Down was flyingD. Down fly5. Out ____ with a book in his hand.A. he rushedB. rushed heC. did he rushD. he did rush6. ____ all scientists from Asia.A. Were present at the meetingB. Present at the meeting wereC. Are present at the meetingD. Present were at the meeting7. ____ are the days when teachers were looked down upon.A. GoneB. GoC. To goD. Going8. “Is there anything I can do for you?”, ____.A. Mrs. Brown saidB. did Mrs. Brown askC. Mrs. Brown did askD. asked Mrs. Brown9. Not only ____ interested in football but ____ beginning to show an interest in it.A. the teacher himself is; all his students areB. the teacher himself is; are all his studentsC.is the teacher himself; are all his studentsD. is the teacher himself; all his students are10. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ____with each other.A. they had quarreledB. they have quarreledC. have they quarreledD. had they quarreled11. Only when your identity has been checked, ____.A. you are allowed inB. you will be allowed inC. will you allow inD. will you be allowed in12. ____ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment whenthey had a picnic in the forest.A. Not only they broughtB. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought theyD. Not only they did bring13. I failed in the final examination last term and only then ____the importance of studies.A. I realizedB. I had realizedC. had I realizedD. did I realize14. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither ____ any endto their influence on man’s lives.A. there isB. there areC. is thereD. are there15. Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else ____such a beautiful palace.A. can you findB. you could findC. you can findD. could you find16. ---- I would never ever come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible.---- ____.A.Nor am IB. Neither would IC. Same with meD. So do I17. Mary never does any reading in the evening, ____.A.so does JohnB. John does tooC. John doesn’t tooD. nor does John18. They have a good knowledge of English but little ____they know about German.A.haveB. didC. hadD. do19.Never before ____ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.A.has this city beenB. this cityC. was this cityD. this city was20.____, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.A.A quiet student as he may beB. Quiet student as he may beC. Be a quiet student as he mayD. Quiet as he may be a student21.____, Carolina couldn’t get the door open.A.Try as she mightB. As she might tryC. She might as tryD. Might she as try22.Only after my friend came ____.A.did the computer repairB. he repaired the computerC. was the computer repairedD. the computer was repaired23.---- Father, you promised!---- Well, ____. But it was you who didn’t keep your word first.A.so was IB. so did IC. so I wasD. so I did24.---- Maggie had a wonderful time at the party.---- ____, and so did I.A.So she hadB. So had sheC. So she didD. So did she25. ____ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascarfor further research.A.So curious the couple wasB. So curious were the coupleC. How curious the couple wereD. The couple was such curious26. In the dark forests ____, some large enough to hold several English towns.A.stand many lakesB. lie many lakesC. many lakes lieD. many lakes stand27. ---- Did Linda see the traffic accident?---- No, no sooner ____ than it happened.A.had she goneB. she had goneC. has she goneD. she has gone28. I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means ____with my progress.A.the teacher is not satisfiedB. is the teacher not satisfiedC. the teacher is satisfiedD. is the teacher satisfied29. So difficult ____ it to work out the problem that I decided to askTom for advice.A. I did findB. did I findC. I have foundD. have I found30. ---- I reminded you not to forget the appointment.---- ____.A. So you didB. So I do notC. So did youD. So do I31. ----It’s burning hot today, isn’t it?---- Yes. ____ yesterday.A.So was itB. So it wasC. So it isD. So is it32. At the foot of the mountain ____.A.a village lieB. lies a villageC. does a village lieD. lying a village33. Never in my wildest dreams ____ these people are livingin such poor conditions.A.I could imagineB. could I imagineC. I couldn’t imagineD. couldn’t imagine34. Only then ____ how much damage had been caused.A.she realizedB. she had realizedC. had she realizedD. did she realized35. No sooner ____ at the desk than the telephone rang.A.had he sat downB. did he sat downC. he had sat downD. he sat down36. At the sight of the policeman, ____ from behind the door.A.did the boy rush outB. the boy was rushing outC. out rushed the boyD. rushing out was the boy37. It’s b eyond description. Nowhere else in the world ____such a quiet, beautiful place.A.can there beB. you can findC. there can beD. can find you38. ____ a mobile phone can you ring ____ you want to talk with anywhere.ing; whoeverB. Only on; whomeverC. By; whomeverD. Not only with; whoever39. By the time I saw the angry expression on his face, I ____ exactly what I was having to face. But not for a moment ____ I should quit.A.had known; I thoughtB. have known; had I thoughtC. would know; I would thinkD. knew; did I think40. ---- It was careless of you to have left the house without turning off the gas.---- My god! ____.A. So were youB. So was IC. So did ID. So I did41. Not until Jane got off the bus ____ her wallet missing.A.did she findB. she foundC. didn’t she findD. she didn’t find42. Nowhere else along the coast ____ such shallow water so far from land.A.is thereB. is itC. there isD. it is43.____ I admire David as a poet, I don’t like him as a man.A.Much asB. Only ifC. If onlyD. As much44. Only under special circumstances ____ to take up those tests.A.are freshmen permittedB. freshmen are permittedC. permitted are freshmenD. are permitted freshmen45. ---- I would never trust him again. He let me down.---- ____.A.Nor was IB. So did IC. Neither would ID. So would I46. Not once in the last months ____ for leave because of personal affairs.A.did she askB. she askedC. has she askedD. she has asked47. ____ in health, he insisted on doing the experiment.A.As he was poorB. Poor as he wasC. Poor was heD. Poor he was though48. ____ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.A. Would you beB. Should you beC. Could you beD. Might you be49. ____ your letter, I would have started off two days ago.A. If I could have receivedB. If I receivedC. Should I receiveD. Had I received50. ____, I wouldn’t tell her the news.A. Has I been youB. I had been youC. Were I youD. I were you51. ____ for the free ticket, I would not have gone to see films so often.A.If it is notB. Were it notC. Had it not beenD. If they were not答案:1-5 DDCBA 6-10 BADDC 11-15 DBDCA 16-20 BDDAB 21-25 ACCCB 26-30 BADBA 31-35 ABBDA 36-40 CABDD 41-45 AAAAC 46-51 CBBDCC。

Only because was he busy he did not come to attend your birthday party. (×)Only because he was busy did he not come to attend your birthday party. (√)Only he can finish the job.难度III:So + adj. +be +S+…So+ adv. +助动词(do, can, have) +S + VSo thought-provoking is the picture that it should awaken us to the problem.So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood. (×) 难度III: However +adj./adv. +S + V,However is he late, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. (×)However late he is, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. (√)难度IV:Adj./Adv./N. +though/as+S V, SVOHeavily though/as it rained, many of us overcame the difficulty and came attending the lecture.Child as he is, he knows a lot about computer. (×)Not until…I di dn’t go to bed until he came home.Not until he came home did I go to bed.全倒装SVO OVS难度I: 1)方向类的副词Hurry up, Tom. Here comes the bus.In he came hurriedly, telling us that the enemies were coming toward the village. (×)难度II介词短语+V(be, lie, stand, exist)+S, 修饰In the picture stands a girl, who ran to her mother happily when…In the north of the city stands a beautiful school, which enjoys the distinction of smartest students and teachers.—My husband never washes the dishes.—So is mine. (×)—Neither / Nor does mine. (√)强调难度I: It is/was +被强调的部分+that…n./pron.II: 介词短语/状语从句It was not until he came that I finished my work.It was on Monday that I picked up a purse.III. 特殊疑问：Wh- is/was it that…I wonder wh- it is/was that…IV. 省略---Hi, Tom, do you have any idea when Sundance Festival came into being?---Oh, yes, I do. It was in 1978 when China just began its economic reform (that Sundance…)连系动词打怪级别：I (★★)●连系动词是用来连接句子主语和表示该主语所处状态的成分的动词。