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09届山东学生高考英语词汇和语法典型易错题大回放1
（原创）山东宁阳二中张清勇
一、冠词类
1.-----How many people are still leading______ life under __ poverty line in the world?
-----Perhaps one fourth, according to the report.
the;/ B. a; the C .a; a D./the
【解析】B：leading/live a life为固定短语；the poverty line意为贫困线，是特指的内涵。
2..Although ______curtain has fallen on the 2005 "Super Girls"contest, ____nationwide craze for "Super Girls"has not cooled down.
a;the B.the;a C.the;/ D./;a
【解析】B ______curtain，此处为特指，用定冠词；____nationwide craze，此处为抽象名词具体化，要用不定冠词。
3.There has been ____rising demand for grain as ____industrial material in spite of the nation's good harvests.
A./;an
B.a;an
C.the;an
D.a;/
【解析】B：Demand作为要求和请求时为可数名词；作为需要需求时为不可数名词，在惯用法中既可以说much demand,也可用great/rising等形容词修饰，此时前面用不定冠词。Material与此类似。
4.More and more people in China prefer to choose ___ cheap wireless phone service known as ____"Little Smart".
A a; / B.a; the C.the;the D. the; /
【解析】A：前者泛指一类人或事物，后者类似于姓名的特定称谓，前面不加冠词。
5.Polar bears live mostly on_____ sea ice, which they use as ____platform for hunting seals.
a;a B.a;the C./;a D.the;/
【解析】C on_____ sea ice处是不可数名词，表示泛指，不加冠词；as____platform处表示数量，相当于one。
6.Sit on the edge of ____bed _____minute before putting your feet on the floor.
/;a B. /the;the C.the;the D.the;a
【解析】D 第一个空是说话双方都知道的事物，用定冠词。第二个空是习惯用语。E.g ：Just a minute.
7.I had decided to give it up ,but on _____second thoughts, I decided to try _____third time.
A.不填;a
B.不填;the
C.the; the
D.the; a
【解析】A（三思后，晚些时候做出决定）。On second thoughts 是习语，意思是：三思后，晚些时候做出决定。序数词的前面加上不定冠词，表示再一，又一。A third time 表示再一次，又一次。
8.______person like him won't be satisfied with ______little progess that he has made.
The; a B.The ;/ C.A; / D.A; the
【解析】D 第一个空是泛指，用不定冠词；第二个空是特指，用定冠词。
二、名词类
9.I think it is a top priority for the government to furnish the children with ___to the information superhighway.
A. procedure
B. allowance
C. means
D. access
【解析】D：procedure意为程序，步骤；allowance以为津贴；补助；给孩子的零花钱。Make allowances for 考虑到……（而原谅）；念及means 作为名词，意为手段，常见搭配：by means of D.access:1) ﹝C﹞a means of entering; way in; entrance进入；通路，The only access to their house is along a narrow road. 2) ﹝U﹞means or right of using, reaching, or entering 使用、接近或进入的方法或权利。本句为用法2）。10.I try to make him understand that I'm not interested in him, but he never gets the ____.
information B. news C. message D. word
【解析】C get the message=understand what is wanted or meant
11.Our psychology professor is a man of Italian_______.
beginning B.source C.origin D.kind
【解析】C：beginning开端；source水等的源头 C.origin 意为：parents and conditions of early life出身；血统。kind 为种类
12.Some students remember much knowledge but can't recognize ways to use it in new____.
A. conditions
B. cases
C. backgrounds D .situations
【解析】D Condition与in 连用时有两种义项：
1）﹝U﹞the state of general health, fitness, or readiness for use健康状况；适用情况，如：
This car is in very good condition.
2) ﹝P﹞state of affairs; circumstances情况；状况。如：
firemen having to operate in very difficult conditions. 须在极困难情况下工作的消防队员。
Under existing conditions在现有的情况下
Case与in 搭配时，主要有两个义项：1）an example of a particular situation, problem etc事例，实例，如：In some cases, it is necessary to operate.在有些情况下，动手术是必要的。
It was a case of stupidity, not dishonesty.那是愚蠢，而不是不诚实。
2）（通常用单数）circumstances or special conditions relating to a person or thing.与某人或某事物有关的环境或特殊情况。：I cannot make an exception in your case.我不能为你破例。
C项意思为背景；D项situations=set of circumstances of state of affairs , esp at a certain time意思是状况，处境，局面形势。如：The company is in a poor financial situation. eg is losing money. 请体会：
1）Your question brings a case about how to learn English well.
2）In your situation, I would say that "reading a lot" is one of the best ways to learn a foreign language under the condition that you are not living in an English speaking country.
13. I found her sitting in the corner, reading _____ newspaper, with _____ in her eyes.
A. a, tear
B. a piece of, tears
C. a, tears
D. a piece of, tear
【解析】C。newspaper和tear均为可数名词，它们不仅可以连用不定冠词、可以用复数，而且还可以连用数词。Her eyes filled with tears. 她热泪盈眶。
She dried her tears with a handkerchief. 她用手帕擦干了眼泪。
The newspapers were full of lies. 报纸上一片谎言。
A newspaper is a publication. 报纸是一种出版物。
顺便说一句，若不是将newspaper 当作是供阅读或传递信息的一种东西，而只是把它当成一种"纸"来看待，也可用作不可数名词，如：
Wrap it in (a sheet of) newspaper. 把它用张报纸包起来。
14. Her father works as a ______ in a hotel and her mother a ______ in a private company.
A. cooker, typewriter
B. cook, typist
C. cooker, typist
D. cook, typewriter
【解析】正确答案为B：cook=厨师，cooker=炊具；typist=打字员，typewriter=打字机。即此题。
15. "Why couldn't they meet us at five o'clock?" "Because they were delayed by ________."
A. heavy traffic
B. heavy traffics
C. crowded traffic
D. crowded traffics
【解析】A 对于此题，首先要明确traffic为不可数名词，没有复数形式，故排除B和D。另外，汉语习惯
