Lesson 2 - Breakfast or lunch?
Text
It was Sunday.I never get up early on Sundays.I sometimes stay in bed until st Sunday,I got up very late.I looked out of the window.It was dark outside."What a day!"I thought.It's raining again.Just then,the telephone rang.It was my aunt Lucy."I've just arrived by train."she said."I'm coming to see you."
"But I'm still having breakfast."I said.
"What are you doing?"She asked.
"I'm having breakfast."I repeated.
"Dear me!"She said."Do you always get up so late?It's one o'clock."
New words and expressions 生词和短语
until prep. 直到outside adv. 外面
ring v. （铃、电话等）响aunt n. 姑，姨，婶，舅母
repeat v. 重复
Note on the text 课文注释
1 on Sundays, 指每个星期日。
星期几的前面用介词on。
2 What a day! 多么糟糕的天气！这是一个省略的感叹句。
完整的句子应该是What
a day it is!英语中的感叹句常用what开头，后面紧跟一个名词或名词性短语（包括连系动词），然后是主语和谓语，句尾用感叹号。
3 I’m coming to see you. 在这句话中现在进行时用来表示近期按计划或安排要进行的动作。
4 Dear me! 天哪！这也是一个感叹句。
一、教学重点
1、代词：it做虚主语时的用法。
2、时态：一般现在时VS现在进行时。
3、副词：频率副词的排序和位置。
二、精讲课文
1、It was Sunday. 这里的it是虚主语，可以指代时间、天气、温度、距离等多种事物，也可以指代某个不确定的人。
接下来课文中还会出现很多个it，让我们来一起看看它到底指代什么。
2、I never get up on Sundays. 这是在说我一直以来的习惯，所以用了一般现在时。
never从来不、绝对不。
频率副词，可以用在多种时态中。
例句：-Have you loved me? -Never. -Will you marry me? -Never. 太绝情了！
on Sundays 在每一个星期天。
on用在具体的某一天之前，例如on March 21st，on Monday，on Monday morning 在这里Sundays用了复数，表示在每一个星期天。
3、I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. 这句话也是一般现在时，表示习惯。
sometimes 有时。
频率副词。
常用于一般现在时。
例句：I usually get up at seven but sometimes at eight.
stay in bed 待在床上不起来。
这恐怕是每个人的梦想吧，“赖床”。
stay是个持续性动词。
in bed 在床上睡觉VS 仅仅是陷在床里面in the bed
until和till的区别：till只用在肯定句中，until可以用在肯定句或否定句中。
until 用在肯定句中，表示一个动作一直持续到某时。
He stayed in bed until/till lunchtime.
用在否定句中，表示直到什么时间才做了某事。
He didn’t get up until lunchtime.
例句：Last night I stayed up until/till 12:00. = Last night I didn’t go to bed until 12:00.
搞笑：梁朝伟在《韩城攻略》里的台词：TTTTT=Till They Tell The Truth。
lunchtime 午饭时间，一般是指11:00~13:00。
4、look out 小心，注意。
Look out! There’s a hole in the ground. = Watch out!
look out of... 往…的外面看。
←→look into... 往…的里面看。
【笑话】
5、It was dark outside. 这里的it也是虚主语，指代天色。
outside是地点副词，作状语。
6、What a day! 省略式感叹句。
= What a day it is! = What a bad/terrible day it is!
来源：It is a bad day.→What a bad day it is!
构成：What + 名词(包括冠词和形容词) + 主语代词+ 谓语动词+ !
对照：How + 形容词/副词+ 主语(名词/代词) + 谓语动词+ !
7、thought是think的过去式。
8、It’s raining again. 这里的it也是虚主语，代指天气。
again反映了作者抱怨的情绪。
因为是放在引号里的直接引语，所以用了现在进行时be + doing。
9、Just then, the telephone rang.
then 然后，那时。
just 就，仅仅。
Just do it! 是NIKE的宣传口号。
just then = at that moment 就在那时
ring [vi.] 不及物动词。
The bell rings. The phone rang.
ring [vt.] 及物动词。
ring sb. = call sb.
10、It was my aunt. 这里的it也是虚主语，代指某个不确定的人。
打电话或敲门时。
例句：-Who’s that? -It’s me, Rita. 【Action：Knock, knock!】不知人的性别时。
例句：-Who’s that baby? -It’s my sister, Alice.
Aunt Lucy 称谓可以用在名字的前面。
举例：Uncle Tom，汤姆大叔的小屋。
11、I’ve just arrived by train. 这里的just是刚刚的意思，用于完成时。
例句：-Have you finished your homework? -I have just finished it.
by +具体的交通工具：by bus/bike/ship/air/plane.... ；on foot
12、I’m coming to see you. 用现在进行时表将来，表示即将、马上发生的事。
可用于这种情况的词：go，leave，arrive，die等。
例句：I’m leaving now. I’m dying. The train is arriving in five minutes.
13、I’m still having my breakfast. 这里的still跟till长得很像，所以still是还、仍
然的意思。
吃饭：have breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner/a meal
14、What are you doing? 非常常用的一句话。
【Action】-Hey, what are you doing here? -I’m reading a book.
15、repeat 重复。
re-是一个前缀，表示“重来，再次”。
例词：recovery 复原；remix 再混合，如歌曲的混音版；remind 再次想起
16、Dear me! 这也是一个感叹句。
= Oh, my God! = My dear! = Goodness! = Good
heavens!
17、always 一直，总是。
频率副词。
常用于一般现在时。
18、so late 在这里so是个副词，修饰形容词late。
举例：so beautiful，so much，
so clever
19、It’s one o’clock! 这里的it也是虚主语，代指时间。
one o’clock可以连读。
三、总结
1、文化背景：
早餐breakfast，午餐lunch，早午餐brunch，下午茶afternoon tea。
英国人的早餐很丰富：sausage, egg, bacon, toast, soybean, orange juice/coffee/tea... 早起的鸟儿有虫吃：The early bird catches the worm. （早起的虫儿被鸟吃！）
位置：一般放在实义动词（谓语动词）之前，非实义动词（be动词、助动词、情态动词）之后，疑问句中一般放在主语之后。
四．Key Structures关键句型
Now, Often and Always 表示现在和经常发生的动作
Study these statements and questions from the passage.注意以下摘自本课的陈述句和疑问句。
Now Often and Always
It’s raining. I never get up early on Sunday.
I’m coming to see you. I sometimes stay in bed until lunch
time.
I’m still having breakfast. Do you always get up so late?
What are you doing?
Here are some more sentences.请看其他例句：
He is still sleeping. He rarely gets up before 10 o’clock.
We are enjoy our lunch. We frequently have lunch at this restaurant.
I am reading in bed. Do you ever read in bed?
Exercises 练习
A. Write out these two paragraphs again. Give the right form of the words in brackets.用正确的动词时态填空。
1. I am looking out of my window. I can see some children in the street. The children _________ (play) football. They always _________ (play) football in the street. Now a little boy ________ (kick) the ball. Another boy _________ (run) after him but he can not catch him.
2. I carried my bags into the hall.
‘What _____ you _____ (do)’my landlady asked.
‘I _______ (leave), Mrs Lynch,’I answered.
‘Why _____ yo u _____ (leave)’she asked. ‘You have been here only a week.’‘A week too long, Mrs Lynch,’I said.‘There are too many rules in this house. My friends never _________ (come) to visit me. Dinner is always at seven o’clock, so I frequently _______ (go) to bed hungry. You don’t like noise, so I rarely _________ (listen) to the radio. The heating doesn’t work, so I always __________ (feel) cold. This is a terrible place for a man like me. Gookbye, Mrs Lynch.’
B. Note the position of the words in italics in these sentences.注意以下句子中用斜体印出的词的位置：
My friends never come to visit me.
I frequently go to bed hungry.
I rarely listen to the radio.
I always feel cold.
I never get up early on Sundays.
I sometimes stay in bed until lunch time.
Write these sentences again. Put the words in brackets in the right place.改写下列句子，把句尾括号中的词放在合适的位置。
1. She answers my letters. (rarely)
2. We work after six o’clock. (never)
3. The shops close on Saturday afternoon. (always)
4. Do you go to work by car? (always)
5. Our teacher collects our copybooks. (frequently)
6. We spend our holidays abroad. (sometimes)
7. I buy gramophone records. (often)
8. Do you buy gramophone records? (ever)
Special difficulties 难点
在英语中往往可以用what引导的感叹句来表示惊奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等感情。
在感叹句仲主谓语采用正常语序。
如课文中的例句“What a day!”注意以下例句：
Instead of saying: We can say:
除了这种表述方法外：还可以说：
It is a terrible day! What a terrible day!
This is a beautiful picture! What a beautiful picture! Or: What a beautiful picture this is.
Exercise 练习
Write these sentences again. Each sentence must begin with What.
改写下列句子，用What来引导下列感叹句。
1. This is a wonderful garden!
2. This is a surprise!
3. He is causing a lot of trouble!
4. They are wonderful actors!
5. She is a hard-working woman!
6. It is a tall building!
7. It’s a terrible film!
8. You are a clever boy!
9. She is a pretty girl!
10. He is a strange fellow!
Supplementary Written Exercises
COMPREHENSION 理解
1. When Aunt Lucy telephoned _________ .
(a) the writer was asleep. (b) the writer was still in bed.
(c) the writer had already got up. (d) the writer was having lunch.
2. Aunt Lucy was surprised because _________ .
(a) the writer was having lunch. (b) it was one o’clock.
(c) it was late. (d) the writer was having breakfast at lunch time.
STRUCTURE 句型
3. He sometimes _________ in bed until lunch time.
(a) stay (b) is staying (c) stays (d) staying
4. He stayed in bed until lunch time. He went _________ bed late last night.
(a) in (b) into (c) to (d)at
5. He doesn’t get up early on Sundays. He gets up ________.
(a) late (b) lately (c) slowly (d) hardly
6. ______ did aunt Lucy come? By train.
(a) When (b) How (c) Why (d) Where
7. The writer can’t see aunt Lucy ________. He’s having breakfsat.
(a) still (b) now (c) often (d) always
VOCABULARY 词汇
8. He _________ out of the window and saw that it was raining.
(a) looked (b) saw (c) remarked (d) watched
9. Jast then, the telephone rang. It rang _________.
(a) at once (b) immediately (c) again (d) at that moment
10. She was his aunt, so he was her __________.
(a) son (b) grandson (c) nephew (d) niece
11. Breakfast is the first _________ of the day.
(a) food (b) dinner (c) lunch (d) meal
12. Aunt Lucy said,‘Dear me’because she was _________.
(a) angry (b) surprised (c) tired (d) pleased
Lesson 1
★New Words and Expressions
☆private adj.私人的
如果妈妈想看你的信，你可以说：It's my private letter.
如果陌生人想进你的房子，你可以说：It's my private house.
private life 私生活
由此引申出privacy n.隐私
新东方是private school(私立学校），与此相反，公立学校是public school.所以，private的反义词是public.
eg.public 公众；public letter 公开信；public place 公共场所
private还有一个值得注意的意思：普通的。
如：private citizen 普通公民；private soldier 大兵
我们熟悉的《拯救大兵瑞恩》就是《Private Ryan》
☆conversation n.谈话
subject of conversation 话题。
（天气是英国人最喜爱的话题）
几种谈话：
talk 内容可以正式，也可以私人
conversation 一般用于正式文体中，内容上往往不正式dialogue 对话，可以指正式国家与国家会谈。
eg.China and Korea are having a dialogue.
chat 闲聊，就是北京人说的“侃”，说的是无关紧要的事。
gossip 嚼舌头，说长道短
用法：have a +...
☆theatre n.剧场，戏剧
[记忆]cinema 电影院
☆seat n.座位
这个词很重要，考试常考。
have a good seat,这里的seat指place，而不是chair。
take a seat/take your seat 坐下来，就坐
下面这个句子在口语、电影里很常见：Is the seat taken? 请坐的3种说法：
Sit down,please.(命令性）
take your seat,please.
Be seated,please.(更礼貌）
考点：作为动词的seat与sit的区别
sit--vi; seat--vt
seat sb 让某人就坐
When all those present___he began his lecture.(D) (重点题）A.sit B.set C.seated D.were seated
A,B改为sat就对了
☆angry adj.生气的
cross=angry
☆attention n.注意
Attention,please.
pay attention 注意
pay attention to 对……注意
pay a little/much/more/no attention
☆bear(bore,boren) v.容忍
忍受的几种说法：bear,stand,endure,put up with
bear->stand->endure 忍受的极限在扩大
pur up with=bear=stand
bear n.熊
give sb a bear hug 给某人热情（热烈）的拥抱
☆business n.事，生意
business man 生意人do business 做生意
go to some place on business 因公出差
business:某人自己的私人的事情
thing：可以指事情，也可以指东西
☆go to the+地点：表示去某地干嘛
go to the cinema=see a film
go to the +人+'s:表示去这个人开的店
go to the doctor's 去看病
go to the butcher's 买肉
go to the dairy(奶品店）
go to +地点：去某地做相关的事
go to school 去上学；go to church 去做礼拜；go to hospital 去看病go home 回家休息[注]跟home相连一定表示没有事情可做，休闲
☆enjoy
enjoy oneself 玩得开心
enjoy+sth 喜欢（从中得到一种享受）（后面不能加人）
I enjoy the music/book/dinner/film/program.
☆过去进行时态：过去的某个时间正在发生的动作
一个故事的背景往往用进行时态描述。
eg.The girl was reading a book in the garden.A boy came to her.
☆got 变得
I am/was angry.（是个事实）
I got angry.（强调变化过程）
got取代be动词。
got是半联系动词，可以直接加形容词。
☆说话的时候喜欢用缩略：I'm not,he isn't,they aren't
写的时候会说：I am not,he is not,they are not
☆hear：听见hear+人：听见某人的话
I couldn't hear you.Beg your pardon?
I couldn't hear a word.（夸张）
I couldn't catch your words.
a word 等于一句话
eg.He didn't say a word.
May I speak to Jim?=May I have a word with Jim?。
