Unit 4 Direction 表示方向常和in,
4. in time ①及时in time to
from 搭配。
从某个方向用from,
system 系统，体系
朝某方向用in. do/ in time for
solar system 太阳系in all directions 四面八方②最终，迟早。
相当于sooner or government systems 政府体系in the opposite direction 朝相反later ,eventually
interest vt. 使⋯感兴趣的方向
例如：The woman went to the
例如：
We were just in time for the
常用：Sth. interest Sb. direction from which she flight.= Wewere just in time interested adj. 感兴趣的came.这个女士走向她来的方to catch the plane.
interesting adj. 令人感兴趣的向。
Don’t worry. I
amsure things
eg: What he said interested will get better in time.
all of us. to do 一般做目的状语，但有时候
We are interested in the 辨析：in time/ on time/ at a
也可做结果状语，见课本第一段
interesting story.
最后。
Only to do 结果发现常t ime( 一次，每次)/at one time( 曾经，一度)/ at
1. 根据一个普遍接受的理论，times=sometimes( 有时候)
表示意料之外的结果。
例如：
宇宙起源于一次大爆炸，这She went to the supermarket,
次大爆炸把物质射向四面八方。
（背过）o nly to find/only to be told
that all the salt had been
5. atmosphere ①大气层，
a widely accepted theory, sold out. 经常与定冠词联用the the universe started atmosphere ②气氛，氛围with ⋯. throw matter in 2. be to do用法，自己列出。
例如：
all directions. An atmosphere of tension( 紧
世界上独一无二的东西，前面settle 定居；解决；停留，落下；
张)filled Japan after the
earthquake.
加定冠词the, 例如：the sun, The atmosphere over dinner
使某人坐在某个位置；精神的镇
the moon, the earth, the was warm and friendly.
静例如：
university, the world. 但是名We finally settled in Jinan.
词前若有adj 修饰，一般用不定
定居
冠词a/an。
例如：There is a big 6. As the earth cooled down, moon in the sky. The question is hard to ⋯..as 在本句中为连词，翻译Start/begin with 以⋯开始；settle/solve. 解决为：随着。
可以和with 复合结构to start/begin with 首先The bird settled on the
互换。
例如：
=first of all branch. 停留在树枝上As time goes by, we are older and wide adj.&adv. Wide 做副词表My father settled himself in older. = With time going by,⋯
示具体的宽
H e lay here, with the sofa after work. 坐在沙
his eyes wide open./ wide awake. 发上
The medicine can help to
11.unlike prep. 不像
widely adv. 修饰抽象的广泛settle your nerves. 镇静神经Unlike his brother, he is 的The book is widely read. diligent.
3. last VI 持续维持其后的介不像弟弟，他很勤奋。
It is unlike him to be late.
词for 经常省略。
迟到可不像他的风格。
The meeting lasted (for) three
hours.
I dislike eating fish. I like 16. for the first time 第一次，为I am sorry. My work remains eating meat. 我不喜欢吃鱼，unfinished.
介词短语，一般做时
间状
语。
我喜欢吃肉。
The first time 为连词，连接句
A fter many years, he remains
What is the weather like? 天子single./ he remains a 气怎么样？
I t is /was the first time that sb. teacher.
He is likely to come.= it is have/had done sth. The problem remains to be likely that he will come. 他solved.
例如：
很可能回来。
Today, I climbed on the Qianfo It remains to be see whether
Mount for the first time. we can finish it in time.
2.be fundamental to I fell in love with the car the
first time I saw it.
6. spread 伸展；延伸；（消
It is the first time that I 对⋯至关重要，基础
fundamental differences 根本的have visited the city.
息，火）等蔓延，传播
不同The news spread through the
school quickly.
12. make it possible for life lay eggs 下蛋The mother spread a cloth on
to develop 为make+宾语+ lie –lied---lied 撒谎the table.
宾补的结
构在此it 形式宾lie—lay—lain 躺，位于The fire spread quickly, but 语，不定式为真正的宾语。
lay—laid—laid 放置，下蛋all the people were able to 宾补可以有多种成分充当，escape.
但不能加ing 形式。
例如：He laid the books on the shelf.
We made him president. 我们选他做总
统。
他把书放在书架上了。
The hen lays an egg a day. 这
4. thus adv相当于therefore 因
Weshould try our best to make
只母鸡每天下一个蛋。
此
the room clean. He lied to his mother. 他对T he universities have I spoke aloud to make myself expanded, thus allowing more
母亲撒谎了。
heard. 让我自己被听见。
students to get a higher
The mother madethe boy do his work all day. 被动The boy was 18.exist
education.
He forgot to turn on the
made to do his work all day. radio and thus missed the
不及物动词，不用于被动语态
，
不用于进行时
态。
news.
14. multiply 繁殖，增加，乘名词：existence/
come into existence =come into
He knocked out Tom, thus
becoming the champion.
例如：
Cells multiply by means of cell being 形成，产生
例如：
22. in one’s turn 轮到⋯./ by
division. There exist warm-hearted turns 轮流/ in turn ①依次，轮The answer is 30 if you multiply people everywhere. 流②反之，从而/ in return (for) 6 and 5. Wecan’t exist without water.
作为回报例如：
Your effort will multiply your No one knows when the earth Today, I amin myturn on duty chance of success. came into existence. to clean the room.
The two brothers looked after
15.call A B 叫...A 是B
The boy called Jim is a kind boy. 19. remain vi&link-v 保持，维
t heir sick mother by turns.
I gave him some money in
I lived in what you called Greece. return for his help.= He
持，仍然，剩余
the remaining money 剩下的蛋helped me. In return, I gave
糕him some money.
高考再现：
A clean environment can help the
3. block out 挡住（光线和声31. 倍数表达法：
city bid for the Olympics, which A +动词+倍数+as⋯as⋯⋯
________ will promote its The tall building blocked out A +动词+倍数+ more than⋯. economic development. the sunlight. A +动词+倍数+the +n+of
A .in nature B.in return C.in She wanted to block out the
音等）；忘记，抹掉
例如：
turn D.in fact unhappy experience. The hall is three times as large as our classroom. 23. prevent/keep/stop⋯from⋯. 27. visit n&v visit sp.
= The hall is three times
阻止。
注意keep 后的from 不能省，省掉意思就是使⋯一直Pay a visit to sp.
larger than the classroom.
= The hall is twice the
干⋯. We are going to pay a visit size of our classroom.
Shelter/protect⋯from⋯保to/visit the USA in the
护
⋯免受⋯.
The heavy snow prevented all holiday.
7. now that 既然，和since相
of us (from) arriving at 28. explain sth. to sb.= explain 当，有时候t hat 会省略。
school on time. Now that everyone is here,
to sb. sth. --explanation(n)
The sunglasses can shelter us let ’s begin our class.
from the sunlight. Youhad better explain to your Now that you have got such
mother the thing. a chance, you might as well 13.depend on
依靠，依赖；取决于5.lessen
( 不妨，最好)make good use of
it.
The pain is lessening
after taking the medicine.
19. break out （战争，疾病，
When we are old, we have to
depend on our children to earn The government takes
灾难）的爆发，无被动语态money. measures to lessen the impact when did the first world war Whether you will stay or not of the earthquake. break out?
depends on you. break up 分手，解散，粉碎，
It/that depends. 看情况吧。
30. get/be close(adj.) to 靠近
假期放假，成为碎片
高考再现：close adv. 具体的近break out 出故障，抛锚；失败；----How often do you eat out? stand/sit close(adv.) to
身体或精神的垮掉，分解
----_________, but usually once a closely 抽象的仔细地，严谨
week. A. I have no idea. B. it depends. C. as usual D. 地密切地
20.watch out
Generally speaking The child examined the animal
小心，注意
closely. watch out for 小心⋯.
15. the year to come= the Watch over 看管，照看，监视
ing year 在将要到来的一31. as⋯as 结构中，若中间为第W atch out! A train is coming.
17.年。
To come做后置定语】
三人称单数名词需要这样
：
Watch out for the cars whenyou as+adj.+a/an+n+as
He is as kind a boy as you cross the
streets. .= He is a boy as kind as you.
Canyou watch over the clothes
while we are swimming?。
