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第一篇乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔。
这是一处迷人的地方，有许多古桥、中式旅馆和餐馆。
在过去一千年里，乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化，是一座展现古文明的博物馆。
乌镇所有房屋都用石木建造。
数百年来，当地人沿着河边建立起了住宅和集市。
无数宽敞美丽的庭院藏身于屋舍之间，游客们每到一处都会有惊喜的发现。
分句解析第一句：乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔。
本句第一个分句是系表结构，可以将第一个分句拆解成同位语的结构，第二个分句选作主句，两个分句缩成一个简单句，只用一个谓语动词。
Wuzhen, an ancient water town in Zhejiang Province, is on the banks of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.第二句：这是一处迷人的地方，有许多古桥、中式旅馆和餐馆。
第二个分句是“有…”的句式，可以用with结构来翻译。
It is a charming place, with many ancient bridges, Chinese style hotels and restaurants.第三句：在过去一千年里，乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化，是一座展现古文明的博物馆。
第一个汉语分句翻译成时间状语，第二个汉语分句要找到真正的主语，是“水系”和“生活方式”，第三个汉语分句是一个系表结构，所以后两个分句翻译成并列句。
同时本句需要注意时态问题，第一个并列分句有过去时间点，所以用一般过去时，后一个分句是客观描述，用一般现在时。
In the past one thousand years, the water system and life style there haven’t changed much, thus creating a museum which displays ancient civilization.第四句：乌镇所有房屋都用石木建造。
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）A青少年语言课程欢迎来到Teenagers Abroad！我们邀请你进行一场奇妙的语言学习之旅。
我们的课程不管你选择什么课程，你都会快速有效地提升你的语言能力。
我们的标准课程集中教授听、说、读、写四个语言技能领域，确保明显增强你在外语方面的信心。
评估根据学生现有的水平进行分班。
大部分学生在开始上课前都会进行一次在线语言测试。
如果无法参加在线考试的话，学生会在参加课程的第一个星期一参加考试。
在整个课程期间都会给学生提供学习资料，而且每个班不会超过15个学生。
抵达和接站我们的课程提供一系列服务——学生自始至终都会得到很好的照顾。
一到机场就会有人接他们，并把他们带到舒适的住处。
我们需要学生至少提前四周提供详细的航班信息。
餐饮/过敏/特殊的饮食要求我们给学生提供早餐、晚餐和一份烹煮的或打包的午餐（包括一个三明治、一份饮品和一份甜点）。
饭点之外购买小吃需要学生自费。
我们要求你们告知过敏、特殊的饮食要求以及所服用任何药物的信息。
依据过敏类型和/或者特殊的饮食要求，我们会提供特制食品，可能会收取额外的费用。
B每个人都希望他的儿子成为自己某方面的克隆，不是外表上的克隆，而是“传承”上的克隆。
他在长大，你在变老，你的雄心壮志愈加难以实现。
你开始意识到你的儿子可能会追随你的脚步完成你所想要完成的梦想。
然而，脚步可能会满是泥泞，他们可能会走向不同的方向。
我儿子乔迪从上幼儿园的第一天起就讨厌上学。
科研课题会拖到最后一刻。
读书报告不收到最后威胁绝不会写。
我在成年时期一直在做报社记者。
我女儿大学毕业，正在攻读英语硕士学位。
而乔迪呢？他上到十年级的时候，成了一名技校学生。
他们被其他的学生称为“摩托头”。
当我办公室的一名秘书第一次称他为“摩托头”时，我很生气。
我想说：“嘿，他是一个好孩子，而且真的很聪明。
”后来我了解到“摩托头”其实是不一样的。
他们的手总是脏兮兮的，而且总穿着肮脏的工作服。
Like most people, I was brought up to look upon life as a process of getting. It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important discovery: giving-away makes life so much more exciting. You need not worry if you lack money. This is how I experimented with giving-away. If an idea for improving the window display of a neighborhood store flashes to me, I step in and make the suggestion to the storekeeper. One discovery I made about giving-away is that it is almost impossible to give away anything in this world without getting something back, though the return often comes in an unexpected form. One Sunday morning the local post office delivered an important special delivery letter to my home, though it was addressed to me at my office. I wrote the postmaster a note of appreciation. More than a year later I needed a post-office box for a new business I was starting. I was told at the window that there were no boxes left, and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list. As I was about to leave, the postmaster appeared in the doorway. He had overheard our conversation. “Wasn’t it you that wrote us that letter a year ago about delivering a special delivery to your home?” I said yes. “Well, you certainly are going to have a box in this post office if we have to make one for you. You don’t know what a letter like that means to us. We usually get nothing but complaints.” 像⼤多数⼈，我长⼤看待⽣命是⼀个过程获得。
2016考研英语二真题阅读翻译在每年考研英语考试中,阅读理解试题在整个试卷中占很大比重,其重要程度不言而喻。
下面就是店铺给大家整理的2016考研英语二真题阅读翻译，希望对你有用!考研英语阅读原文Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens — a kind of bird living on stretching grasslands — once lent red to the often gray landscape of the midwestern and southwestern United States.But just some 22,000 birds remain today, occupying about 16% of the species' historic range.The crash was a major reason the U.S Fish and Wildlife Service(USFWS) decided to formally list the bird as threatened."The lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation," said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe.Some environmentalists, however, were disappointed.They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as "endangered," a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats.But Ashe and others argued that the "threatened" tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservations approaches.In particular, they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal action and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicken's habitat.Under the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as they had signed a range—widemanagement plan to restore prairie chicken habitat.Negotiated by USFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat.The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat, USFWS also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 years.And it gives the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress.Overall, the idea is to let "states" remain in the driver's seat for managing the species," Ashe said.Not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric.Some Congress members are trying to block the plan,and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three environmental groups are challenging it in federal court.Not surprisingly, industry groups and states generally argue it goes too far; environmentalists say it doesn't go far enough."The federal government is giving responsibility for managing the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction," says biologist Jay Lininger.考研英语阅读翻译生物学家估计美国中西部和西南部的广袤草原上曾生活着多达200万只的小草原松鸡，这些红色的小草原松鸡为灰蒙蒙的草原风貌增添了几分红艳。
2016考研英语真题阅读翻译随着考研考试临近，考生在这段强化冲刺期，要加强对英语阅读真题进行研究。
下面就是店铺给大家整理的2016考研英语真题阅读翻译，希望对你有用!考研英语阅读原文It's true that high-school coding classes aren't essential for learning computer science in college.Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon's School of Computer Science.However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial.When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it's not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers —but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses.It's not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students.Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal.Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina said.Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of the many coding bootcamps that's become popular for adults looking for a career change.The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but "we try togear lessons toward things they're interested in," said Victoria Friedman, an instructor.For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.The students in the Flatiron class probably won't drop out of high school and build the next Facebook.Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the "Ruby on Rails" language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market.But the skills they learn — how to think logically through a problem and organize the results —apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all.But creating a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes.These kids are going to be surrounded by computers — in their pockets, in their offices, in their homes —for the rest of their lives.The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want — the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that — the better.考研英语阅读翻译诚然，高中的编程课对于大学学习计算机科学课程来说并不是必需的。
英语好句好段摘抄带翻译英语好句好段摘抄带翻译摘抄是指从文刊、文件等资料里阅读的时候，把语言优美，值得品析，值得学习的词语，句子，段落记录到本子上，闲暇时拿出来翻阅。
下面是小编整理的英语好句好段摘抄带翻译，欢迎大家分享。
英语好句好段摘抄带翻译11、Life is a flower, and love is the honey of the flower.人生是花，而爱便是花的蜜。
2、Life is a flower of which love is the honey.人生是花朵，爱情如蜜甜。
3、Faults are thick where love is thin. ----Howell 嘲情义淡，样样不顺眼。
4、For if dreams go. Life is a barren field. Frozen with snow. 如果梦想消失了, 生活就变成了积满冰雪的不毛之地。
5、Good self-esteem is necessary for good relationships.自尊才会有好人缘。
6、Life is a line segment, the intersection after the separation.人生就是线段，交集后分离。
7、Life is a maze and love is a riddle.生活是座迷宫，爱情是个谜。
8、Life is a mystery to solve not a problem to resolve.生命是一个等待你去理解的神秘事物，而不是等待你去解决的问题。
9、Where love fails, we espy all faults. ---Ray 在爱情丧失的地方，我们就察见所有的缺点了。
10、When work is a pleasure, life is a joy!当工作是一种乐趣时，生活才是一种享受。
11、The kiss of life is a love poem.吻是恋爱生活上的一首诗。
原文：读书之乐，莫大于自得。
自得者，心得也。
心得者，心得于书，而书心得也。
故读书之法，先求心得，次求心得之书，然后求书之心得。
心得之书，书之精华也；心得之心得，心得之妙用也。
翻译：读书的乐趣，没有比自我领悟更甚的了。
所谓自我领悟，就是内心的领悟。
内心的领悟，是从书中领悟到的东西，而书中的东西也是通过内心领悟得到的。
因此，读书的方法，首先要追求内心的领悟，其次是找到能引发内心领悟的书，然后再追求书中所蕴含的内心领悟。
那些能引发内心领悟的书，是书的精华；那些从书中领悟到的内心领悟，是内心领悟的巧妙运用。
原文：夫读书，非为求利，非为求名，非为求显，非为求荣，非为求禄。
读书之志，在求道，在求理，在求真，在求善，在求美。
求道，则天地间之理，无不达；求理，则万物之性，无不察；求真，则世间之伪，无不辨；求善，则人性之善，无不显；求美，则人生之趣，无不兴。
翻译：读书的目的，并非为了追求利益，也非为了追求名声，更不是为了显赫或者荣耀，亦非为了俸禄。
读书的志向，在于追求真理，在于探究道理，在于寻求真实，在于发现善良，在于欣赏美好。
追求真理，那么天地之间的道理，就没有不通达的；探究道理，那么万物的本性，就没有不洞察的；寻求真实，那么世间的虚假，就没有不被辨别的；发现善良，那么人性的善良，就没有不显现的；欣赏美好，那么人生的乐趣，就没有不激发的。
原文：读书之人，当以心为本，以书为友。
心无旁骛，方能专心致志；书无偏见，方能博学多识。
心书相合，方能融会贯通；心书相融，方能洞悉万物。
读书之要，在于用心，在于用眼，在于用口，在于用脑。
用心，则读书如见其人；用眼，则读书如见其心；用口，则读书如闻其声；用脑，则读书如悟其理。
翻译：读书的人，应当以心为本，以书为友。
心无杂念，才能专心致志；书无偏见，才能博学多识。
心与书相合，才能融会贯通；心与书相融，才能洞察万物。
读书的关键，在于用心，在于用眼，在于用口，在于用脑。
用心去读书，就像见到书中的人物；用眼去读书，就像见到书中的心灵；用口去读书，就像听到书中的声音；用脑去读书，就像领悟书中的道理。
What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers.应该如何应对大规模失业问题呢? 所有聪明的人都认为：没有快捷或简单的答案。
There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills, Our problems are “structural,” and will take many years to solve.工作是有的，但是劳动者没有做好准备—他们要么跑错了地方，要么技能不对口。
我们的问题是结构性的，需要很多年才能解决。
But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view.但是，别费心为这种悲观的论调寻求佐证了。
There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. Saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise. But it’s actually foolish:根本就没有证据。
恰恰相反，所有的事实都表明美国的高失业率是需求不足的后果。
说没有简单的答案，这听上去很明智，实际上很愚蠢：our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursing real solutions.如果我们有清醒的理智和政治意志来采取行动，我们的失业危机就可以很快都到解决。
英语作文秋天带翻译Autumn。
Autumn is my favorite season of the year. The hot and humid summer has finally come to an end, and the cool and crisp air of autumn is a welcome change. The leaves on the trees turn from green to shades of red, orange, and yellow, creating a beautiful and colorful landscape. The days become shorter, and the nights become longer, providing the perfect excuse to stay indoors and cozy up with a warm blanket and a cup of hot chocolate.One of the best things about autumn is the abundance of delicious fruits and vegetables that are in season. Apples, pumpkins, and squash are just a few of the many tastytreats that can be found at the local farmers' market. There is nothing quite like biting into a crisp, juicy apple or savoring a slice of homemade pumpkin pie on a cool autumn evening.Another reason why I love autumn is because of the various outdoor activities that can be enjoyed during this time of year. Hiking through the woods and taking in the breathtaking scenery, going for a bike ride along a scenic trail, or simply taking a leisurely stroll through the park are all great ways to enjoy the beauty of autumn. The cool and comfortable weather makes it the perfect time to be outside and soak in the natural beauty that surrounds us.In addition to the natural beauty of autumn, there are also many fun holidays and events that take place during this time of year. Halloween is a favorite holiday for many people, as it provides the opportunity to dress up in creative costumes, go trick-or-treating, and attend fun parties. Thanksgiving is another beloved holiday that brings families and friends together to enjoy a delicious feast and express gratitude for all of the blessings in their lives.Overall, autumn is a magical and enchanting season that is filled with beauty, delicious food, and fun activities. It is a time to appreciate the changing of the seasons andto embrace the cozy and comforting atmosphere that autumn brings. I look forward to this time of year every year, and I am always sad to see it come to an end.秋天。
Part ⅢReading Section A(卷二)The ocean is heating up. That's the conclusion of a new study that finds that Earth's oceans now (27)heat at twice the rate they did 18 years ago. Around half of ocean heat i ntake since 1865 has taken place since 1997, researchers report online in Nature Climate Change.Warming waters are known to (28)to coral bleaching(珊瑚白化) and they take up mor e space than cooler waters, raising sea (29). While the top of the ocean is studied, its de pths are more difficult to (30)The researchers gathered 150 years of ocean temperature dat a in order to get better (31)of heat absorption from surface to seabed. They gathered toge ther temperature readings collected by everything from a 19th century (32)of British naval ships to modern automated ocean probes. The extensive data sources, (33)with computer simulations(计算机模拟), created a timeline of ocean temperature changes, including coolin g from volcanic outbreaks and warming from fossil fuel (34).About 35 percent of the heat taken in by the oceans during the industrial era now re sidents at a (35)of more than 700 meters, the researchers found. They say they're unsure(3 6)whether the deep-sea warming canceled out warming at the sea's surface.A absorbB combinedC contributeD depthE emissionF.exploreG exploreH.floorI.heightsJ.indifferentK levelL.mixedM pictureN unsureO voyage参考答案：(26)A absorb(27)C contribute(28)K level(29)G explore(30)M picture(31)O voyage(32)B combined(33)E emission(34)D depth(35)N unsurePart Ⅲ Reading Section B(卷二)The Secret to Raising Smart Kids37.The author's experiment shows that students with a fixed mind-set believe having to work hard is an indication of low ability.【答案】[F] As predicted, the students with a growth mind-set felt that learning was more important goal than getting good grades. In addition, they held hard work in high regard, They understood that even geniuses have to work hard. Confronted by a setback such as a disappointing test grade, students with a growth mind-set said they would study harder or try a different strategy. The students who held a fixed mind-set, however, were concerned about looking smart with less regard for learning. They had negative views of effort, believing that having to work hard was a sign of low ability. They thought that a person with talent or intelligence did not need to work hard to do well. Attributing a bad grade to their own lack of ability, those with a fixed mind-set said that would study less in the future, try never to take that subject again and consider cheating on future tests.38.Focusing on effort is effective in helping children overcome frustration and achievesuccess.【答案】[C] In particular, attributing poor performance to a lack of ability depresses motivation more than does the belief that lack of effort is to blame. When I told a group of school children who displayed helpless behavior that a lack of effort led to their mistakes in math, they learned to keep trying when the problems got tough. Another group of helpless children who were simply rewarded for their success on easier problems did not improve their ability to solve harm math problems. These experiments indicated that a focus on effort can help resolve helplessness and generate success.39.We can cultivate a growth mind-set in children by telling success stories that emphasize hard work love of learning.【答案】[I] How do we transmit a growth mind-set to our children? One way is by telling stories about achievements that result from hard work. For instance, talking about mathematical geniusesWho were more or less born that way puts students in a fixed mind-set, but mathematicians who fell in love with math and developed amazing skills produce a growth mind-set.40.Students’ belief about the cause of their failure explains their attitude toward setbacks.【答案】[F]As predicted, the students with a growth mind-set felt that learning was more important goal than getting good grades. In addition, they held hard work in high regard, They understood that even geniuses have to work hard. Confronted by a setback such as a disappointing test grade, students with a growth mind-set said they would study harder or try a different strategy. The students who held a fixed mind-set, however, were concerned about looking smart with less regard for learning. They had negative views of effort, believing that having to work hard was a sign of low ability. They thought that a person with talent or intelligence did not need to work hard to do well. Attributing a bad grade to their own lack of ability, those with a fixed mind-set said that would study less in the future, try never to take that subject again and consider cheating on future tests.41.In the author’s experiment, student with a growth mind-set showed greater perseverance in solving difficult math problems.【答案】[G] Such different outlook had a dramatic impact on performance. At the start of junior high, the math achievement test scores of the students with a growth mind-set were comparable to the those of students who displayed a fixed mind-set. But as the work became more difficult, the students with a growth mind-set showed greater persistence. As a result, their math grades overtook those of the other students by the end of the first semester-and the gap between the two groups continued to widen during the two years we followed them.42.The author conducted an experiment to find out about the influence of students’ mind-sets on math learning.【答案】[E] We validated these expectations in a study in which two other psychologists and I monitored 373 student for two years during the transition to junior high school, when the work gets more difficult and the grading more strict, to determine how their mind-sets might affect their math grades. At the beginning of seventh grade, we assessed the students' mind-sets by asking them to agree or disagree with statements such as "Your intelligence is something very basic about you that you can't really change." We then assessed their beliefs about other aspects of learning and looked to see what happened to their grades.43.After failing again and again, most animals give up hope.【答案】[A] I first began to investigate the basis of human motivation-and how people persevere after setbacks-as a psychology graduate student at Yale University in the 1960s. Animal experiments by psychologists at the University of Pennsylvania had shown that after repeated failures, most animals conclude that a situation is hopeless and beyond their control. After such an experience an animal often remains passive even when it can effect change-a state they called learned helplessness.rming students about the brain as a learning machine is a good strategy to enhance their motivation for learning.【答案】[J] In addition, parents and teachers can help children by providing explicit instruction regarding the mind as a learning machine, I designed an eight-session workshop for 91 students whose math grades were declining in their first year of junior high. Forty-eight of the students received instruction in study skills only, whereas the others attended a combination of study skills sessions and classes in which they learned about the growth mind-set and how to apply it to schoolwork. In the growth mind-set classes, students read and discussed an article entitled “You Can Grow Your Brain.” They were taught that th e brain is like a muscle that gets stronger with use and that learning prompts the brain to grow new connections. From such instruction, many students began to see themselves as agents of their own brain development. Despite being unaware that there were two types of instruction, teachers reported significant motivational changes in 27% of the children in the growth mind-set workshop as compared with only 9% of students in the control group.45.People with a fixed mind-set believe that one’s intelligence is unchangeable.【答案】[D] Later, I developed a broader theory of what separates the two general classes of learners-helpless versus mastery-oriented. I realized these different types of students not only explain their failures differently, but they also h old different “theories” of intelligence. The helpless ones believe intelligence is a fixed characteristic: you have only a certain amount, and that's that. I call this a "fixed mind-set(思维模式)."Mistakes crack their self-confidence because they attribute errors to a lack of ability, which they feel powerless to change. They avoid challenges because challenges make mistakes more likely. The mastery-orient children, on the other hand, think intelligence is not fixed and can be developed through education and hard work. Such children believe challenges are energizing rather than intimidating (令人生畏);they offer opportunities to learn. Students with such a growth mind-set were destined(注定)for great academic success and were quite likely to outperform their counterparts.46.In the workplace, feedback may not be so welcome to managers with a fixed mind-set.【答案】[H] A fixed mind-set can also hinder communication and progress in the workplace and discourage or ignore constructive criticism and advice. Research shows that managers who have a fixed mind-set are less likely to seek or welcome feedback from their employees than are managers with a growth mind-set.Part Ⅲ Reading Section C(卷二)Passage One"Sugar, alcohol and tobacco," economist Adam Smith once wrote, "are commodities which are nowhere necessaries of life, which have become objects of almost universal consumption, and which are, therefore, extremely popular subjects of taxation."Two and a half centuries on, most countries impose some sort of tax on alcohol and tobacco.With surging obesity levels putting increasing strain on public health systems, governments around the world have begun to toy with the idea of taxing sugar as well.Whether such taxes work is a matter of debate. A preliminary review of Mexico's taxation found a fall in purchases of taxed drinks as well as a rise in sales if untaxed and healthier drinks. By contrast, a Danish tax on foods high in fats was abandoned a year after its introduction, amid claims that consumers were avoiding it by crossing the border to Germany to satisfy their desire for cheaper, fattier fare.The food industry has, in general, been firmly opposed to such direct government action. Nonetheless, the renewed focus on waistlines means that industry groups are under pressure to demonstrate their products are healthy as well as tasty.Over the past three decades, the industry has made some efforts to improve the quality of its offerings. For example, some drink manufactures have cut the amount of sugar in their beverages.Many of the reductions over the past 30 years have been achieved either by reducing the amount of sugar, salt or fat in a product, or by finding an alternative ingredient. More recently, however.Some companies have been investing money in a more ambitious undertaking: learning how to adjust the fundamental make-up of the food they sell. For example, having salt on the outside, but none on the inside, reduces the salt content without changing the taste.While reformulating recipes(配方)is one way to improve public health, it should be part of a multi-sided approach. The key is to remember thatthere is not just one solution. To deal with obesity, a mixture of approaches-including reformulation, taxation and adjusting portion sizes-will be needed. There is no silver bullet.46.What did Adam Smith say about sugar, alcohol and tobacco.A.They were profitable to manufacture.B.They were in ever-increasing demand.C.They were subject to taxation almost everywhere.D.They were no longer considered necessities of life.【答案】C47.Why have many countries started to consider taxing sugar?A.They are under growing pressures to balance their national budgets.B.They find it ever harder to cope with sugar-induced health problems.C.They practice of taxing alcohol and tobacco has proved both popular and profitable.D.The sugar industry is overtaking alcohol and tobacco business in generating profits.【答案】B48.What do we learn about Danish taxation on fat-rich foods?A.It did not work out as well as was expected.B.It gave rise to a lot of problems on the border.C.It could not succeed without German cooperation.D.It met with firm opposition from the food industry.【答案】A49.What is the more recent effort by food companies to make foods and drinks both healthy and tasty?A.Replacing sugar or salt with alternative ingredients.B.Setting a limit on the amount of sugar or salt in their products.C.Investing in research to find ways to adapt to consumers' needs.D.Adjusting the physical composition of their products.【答案】D50.What does the author mean by saying, at the end of the passage, "There is no silver bullet"(Line 4, Para 7)?A.There is no single easy quick solution to the problem.B.There is no hope of success without public cooperation.C.There is on hurry in finding ways to solve the obesity problem.D.There is no effective way to reduce people's sugar consumption.【答案】APassage TwoYou may have heard some of the fashion industry horror stories: models eating tissues or cotton balls to hold off hunger, and models collapsing from hunger-induced heart attacks just seconds after they step off the runway.Excessively skinny models have been a point of controversy for decades, and two researchers say a model's body mass should be a workspace health and safety issue. In an editorial released Monday in the American Journal of Public Health, Katherine Record and Bryn Austin made their case for government regulation of the fashion industry.The average international runway model has a body mass index (BMI) under 16-low enough to indicate starvation by the World Health Organization's standard. And Record and Austin are worried not just about the models themselves, but about the vast number of girls and women their images influence."Especially girls and tens", says Record. "Seventy percent of girls aged 10 to 18 report that they define perfect body image based on what they see in magazines." That's especially worrying, she says, given that anorexia(厌食症)results in more deaths than does any other mental illness, according to the National Institute of Mental Health.It's commonly known that certain diseases are linked with occupations like lung disease in coal miners. Professional fashion models are particularly vulnerable to eating disorders resulting from occupational demands to maintain extreme thinness.Record's suggestion is to prohibit agents from hiring models with a BMI below 18.In April, France passed a law setting lower limits for a model's weight. Agents and fashion houses who hire models with BMI under 18 could pay $82,000 in fines and spend up to 6 months in jail. Regulating the fashion industry in the United States won't be easy, Record says. But with the new rules in France, U.S. support could make a difference. "A designer can't survive without participating in Paris Fashion Week", she says, adding, "Our argument is that the same would be true of New York Fashion Week."51.What do Record and Austin say about fashion models' body mass?A.It has caused needless controversy.B.It is focus of the modeling business.C.It is but a matter of personal taste.D.It affects models' health and safety.【答案】D52.What are Record and Austin advocating in the Monday editorial?A.A change in the public's view of female beauty.ernment legislation about models' weight.C.Elimination of forced weight loss by models.D.Prohibition of models eating non-food stuff.【答案】B53.Why are Record and Austin worried about the low body mass index of models?A.It contributes to many mental illnesses.B.It defines the future of the fashion industry.C.It has great influence on numerous girls and women.D.It keeps many otherwise qualified women off the runaway.【答案】C54. What do we learn about France's fashion industry?A.It has difficulty hiring models.B.It has now a new law to follow.C.It allows girls under 18 on the runway.D.It has overtaken that of the United States.【答案】B55. What does Record expect of New York Fashion Week?A.It will create a completely new set of rules.B.It will do better than Paris Fashion Week.C.It will differ from Paris Fashion Week.D.It will have models with a higher BMI.【答案】D翻译真题二：白色翻译原文：随着中国的改革开放，如今很多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼。
分享阅读段落的参考翻译：1.p.8下面段：哥伦布发现美洲之意义(Columbus…)哥伦布发现新大陆无疑是历史上最重要的事件之一。
他在新旧两个世界之间首次建立了永久性的联系。
美洲土著人给欧洲人介绍了很多新的植物品种，如大豆、玉米、西红柿、烟草和甜薯，但同时也给欧洲人染上了梅毒（syphilis）。
欧洲人给美洲带来的甘蔗、蓝草和猪等动植物在这片新大陆上茁壮生长，但也把坚硬的盔甲和威力强大的刀剑、枪支和炸药等物件介绍给了印第安人。
欧洲人还带来了能撕下人面皮的灰狗。
他们带来的马匹给了他们巨大的活动性，但却吓坏了从未见过这种可怕动物的印第安人。
欧洲人给美洲土著人带来的最具毁灭性的隐形杀手是他们携带在自身血液和呼吸中的传染病。
由于与旧大陆长期隔绝，印第安人对于欧洲的天花（smallpox）、白喉（diphtheria）、流感和霍乱（cholera）等传染病毫无免疫力。
即使像麻疹（measles）、腮腺炎（mumps）等常见的儿童疾病都可能会给他们造成巨大的伤害。
天花的一次降临便可能会把一个印第安部落从地球上整个儿抹去，因为它会同时袭击每一个人，不会留下什么人来照顾病人。
由于欧洲人带来的种种疾病，美洲土著人口的数量以惊人的速度下降，死亡率高达百分之九十。
因此，哥伦布发现新大陆被称为世界历史上“人口统计学的最大灾难”也就不足为奇了。
2.p.32 下面段：清教徒(In the early…)虽然亨利八世建立了英国国教，但十七世纪早期英国的新教徒仍然认为，仅仅从罗马教廷分离出来还远远不够，英国国教仍需净化，以消除残留的任何“罗马痕迹”。
这些人被称为清教徒（Puritan），是极端的改革派，希望对英国国教的仪式和等级制度进行大规模变革，渴望修正已有一千多年历史的天主教信仰的错误，把教堂恢复到最初“未遭玷污”的状态，回归基督教的原始秩序、自由和信仰。
他们反对英国国教的华丽铺排，反对带有天主教气息的宗教仪式，反对祈祷必须遵循的繁文缛节，反对教堂对《圣经》人物和遗物的崇拜，反对旨在装点教堂仪式的唱诗班、铃铛以及风琴等音乐，反对英国国教牧师穿戴颜色鲜艳的“罗马长袍”。
他们甚至反对装点教堂建筑的十字架和彩色玻璃窗，认为这些“符号和涂抹”只会使人思想分神，为声色所惑，而不能专注于传教士的布道和上帝的福音。
3.p.76下面段：美国人(St. John…)圣约翰·克雷夫科尔（St. John Crevecoeur, 1735–1813）是一位法国绅士，大约1759年来到美洲，作为一位“美洲农夫”定居下来。
他写了一本题为《一个美国农夫的信》的书，以这片丰饶土地上人们了无拘束的各种活动为基础，详尽地描述了正在崛起的美洲主义。
“一个欧洲人刚来到这片土地时，可能会显得孤陋寡闻，胸无大志，但他会突然改变自己的想法。
两百米曾经是很长的一段距离，但现在却不值一提。
他一旦呼吸到我们的空气，就开始设想新的计划，着手新的行动，这些计划和行动是他在旧大陆想都没有想过的。
在那里，社会的富足限制了许多有用的思想，而且常常扼杀了那些最值得称赞的想法，而这些想法从这里走向成熟。
他开始有一种复苏的感觉；在此之前，他没有真正地生活过，而只是苟活。
他开始感觉到自己作为一个人的存在，因为他被当作人看待。
他自己国家的法律曾经因为他的默默无闻而忽视他，但这里的法律给他披上一件法律的保暖外套。
设想一下这个人的思想会发生怎样的变化吧：他会忘掉原来曾任人奴役和依赖他人，他的心会不自觉地欢快歌唱，这种欢快会激发他产生新的想法，正是这些新的想法使他成为一个美洲人。
从无到有，从仆人到主人，从专制国王的奴隶到一个自由人，享有政府赋予的土地及其它所有的权利！这是多么伟大的改变呀！正是因为这些变化，他成了一个美国人。
他是一个美国人，他把一切古老的偏见和习俗都抛诸身后，而获得他愿意接受的新的生活方式，他乐于服从新的政府，他欣然接受新的地位。
在被接纳进我们伟大祖国宽广的怀抱之后，他成了一个美国人。
在这里，来自世界各国的人们融合成一个新的民族。
总有一天，他们的辛勤劳动和他们的后代将给世界带来巨大的变化。
”4.p.95下面段：《常识》(In the second part…)在第二部分，潘恩探讨了英国政治中君主制及世袭制的不合理之处。
根据圣经年表，世界早期并没有国王，因此也没有战争。
潘恩勇敢地宣称，君主制的出现源自于人们对权力的争夺。
国王为了满足一己之快而不惜把臣民投入混乱和战争之中。
他说，一个诚实的人胜过世上所有“戴王冠的暴徒”。
“君主制的罪恶在于它贬低和忽视了人民，而它的另一个罪恶是其世袭制的罪恶。
”世袭制是君主的一种权利，但是把它强加给他人的后代是对他人后代的污辱。
人与人生来平等，没有谁生来就有权让自己的家庭享有永久优先权。
尽管他自己确实应该得到同代人某种程度的称誉，但他的子嗣却可能没有资格继承这些称誉。
一个人的荣誉只能由公众授予，而荣誉的授予者无权把自己后代的权利一道捐赠出去。
他们可以说，“我们选你为王。
”但如果说“你的子子孙孙将永远统治我们的子子孙孙”，那便是对自己后代的不公平。
这样一个不合理的协定，既不明智，又有失公允，因为下一代统治者可能道德败坏或愚不可及。
大多数明智的人都从心底里对世袭制不屑一顾，但世袭权利的可怕之处在于其一旦确立，便难以取消，许多人出于恐惧而屈尊俯就，其他人因迷信而俯首贴耳，而有权势者则与国王共同剥削他人。
英格兰史上鲜有明君，大多是昏君，他们给人民带来无尽的灾难。
世袭制为愚蠢的人、邪恶的人和不道德的人提供了可乘之机；它自身就具有压迫的本质。
那些自视是生就的君王、视他人为生就的臣民的人，用不了多久就会变得侮慢无礼。
尽管他们是人民推选出来的，但他们在思想上早已自以为是、不可一世了。
5.p.121中间段：美国宪法(Charged only to …)代表们原本只打算修改《联邦条例》，现在却缔造出一个全新的政府机制。
他们决定把《宪法》和国会通过的其它法案作为美国的最高法律。
《宪法》将高于各州的任何法案。
它不会轻易改变，只有当国会参、众两院的三分之二议员认为有必要，或者在一个全国三分之二的州议会请求后召开的国会会议上，才能考虑宪法修正案。
《宪法》的最终目标是，新的美国政府不是各州的联盟，而是美国人民的合众国。
因此，“我们美利坚合众国人民，为建立更完善的联邦，树立正义，保障国内安宁，提供共同防务，促进公共福利，并使我们自己和后代得享自由的幸福，特为美利坚合众国制定本宪法。
”令人惊叹的是，美国人最初想限制行政职，维护国会的最高权威，最终却制定《宪法》确立了一个独立的行政机构和一个权力均衡的政府；他们最初想保护各州主权，最终却建立了一个独立于各州的国家政府权力机构；他们最初认为不可能建立共和政体，最终却把这一不可能变成了持续至今的现实。
他们的思想很难说是前后一致的，但正如哲学家拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生（Ralph Waldo Emerson，1803—1882）在半个世纪以后所写的那样：“固执己见无非是促狭鬼的小心眼。
”（A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of small minds）这句话可谓是美国立国者最恰如其分的墓志铭了。
6.p.149下面段：爱默生(In 1832…)1832年，二十九岁的爱默生放弃了唯一神教牧师的职位，离开了这个反对“三位一体”说、赎罪说和耶稣救赎说的新型教派。
在随后四年里，他通过阅读和旅行，在大自然中重新发现了上帝，于是决定作一名“世俗的布道者”，倡导超验主义（transcendentalism）哲学。
爱默生的这一哲学虽然得益于德国理想主义学说，但却是原汁原味的美国思想。
美国超验主义者依赖直觉，强调超理性的感受，追求人与自然的精神交流。
就“超验”二字而言，他们强调要超越，超越理性，超越物质世界。
爱默生宣称，世间万物中都蕴藏着一种他称之为“超灵”（Over—Soul）的神圣力量，每个人都因为与“超灵”的交流而闪现着神性之光。
超验主义极力赞颂个体的伟大。
“相信自己吧。
每颗心都随着这条弦欢快地跳跃。
民主的根基和种子就是，做出自己的判断。
”爱默生如此谏言。
如果能摆脱传统权威的束缚，个人就会拥有无限的潜能。
爱默生在其超验主义学说中，倡导一种极端形式的个人主义和自立精神。
他谴责美国人一味追名逐利，为物欲所困，并给美国的年轻人开了一副镇定剂：“一个真正的人决不随波逐流，人云亦云。
”7.p.177中间段：Lincoln (Lincoln…)林肯又高又瘦，面容憔悴，高颧骨，深眼窝，眼睛呈灰色，头发浓密而凌乱。
他说话时总显得不太自然，一双强健的大手不知该放在哪里才好。
他嗓音洪亮清晰，有时略显刺耳。
但是，凭借严密又细致的逻辑，简单却雄辩的语言，以及真挚而坦诚的态度，他总能打动听众。
他的措辞像他本人一样朴素，没有任何时兴的华丽词藻，只是直截了当地陈述和论证自己的观点。
林肯在1858年接受共和党伊利诺伊州参议员的候选人提名时说：“一个人只有清楚自己身在何处，即将何往，才能决定该做何事，如何去做。
”他抨击道格拉斯用“人民主权”论来解决奴隶制危机的观点：“分裂之屋，不能持久。
我相信我们的政府不能永远保持半蓄奴半自由的状态。
我不期望联邦解散——我不愿这个房子垮塌——我真的期望结束这种分裂状态。
美国要么完全这样，要么完全那样。
要么是奴隶制反对者成功地制止奴隶制进一步扩张，使公众相信奴隶制必定最终灭亡；要么是奴隶制拥护者推动它继续发展，直到它在新的和旧的、南方和北方所有各州都取得同样合法的地位。
”8.p.192中间段：葛底斯堡演讲(Four score…)“八十七年以前，我们的先辈在这个大陆上创建了一个新的国家。
她孕育于自由之中，奉行人人生而平等的原则。
“我们正从事一场伟大的内战，以考验这个国家，或者任何一个孕育于自由和奉行上述原则的国家是否能够长久存在下去。
我们在这场战争中的一个伟大战场上集会。
烈士们为使这个国家能够生存下去献出了自己的生命。
我们来到这里，是要把这个战场的一部分奉献给他们作为最后安息之所。
我们这样做是完全应该而且非常恰当的。
“但是，从更广泛的意义上说，这块土地我们无从奉献，无从圣化，也无从神化。
那些曾在这里战斗过的勇士们，活着的和去世的，已经把这块土地圣化了，这远不是我们微薄的力量所能增减的。
我们今天在这里所说的话，全世界不大会注意，也不会长久地记住，但勇士们在这里所做过的事，全世界却永远不会忘记。
毋宁说，倒是我们这些活着的人，应该在这里把自己奉献于勇士们已经如此崇高地向前推进但尚未完成的事业。
倒是我们应该在这里把自己奉献于仍然留在我们面前的伟大任务——我们要从这些光荣的死者身上汲取更多的献身精神，来完成他们已经完全彻底为之献身的事业；我们要在这里下定最大的决心，不让这些死者白白牺牲；我们要使国家在上帝福佑下获得自由的新生，要使这个民有、民治、民享的政府永远屹立在这个地球上。
