宾补说明和练习题
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句子成分练习一、找出句子的主语,并说明是什么词类。
1.The earth moves around the sun. 名词2.He likes dancing.3.Twenty years is a short time in history.4.This is what I want to say.5.Seeing is believing.6.To see is to believe.二、找出句子的谓语。
1. We study English.2. He is bad.3. I don’t like the picture.4. They sent for a doctor.5. He practises running every day.三、找出句子的表语,并说明是什么词类。
1. He is a worker.2. Five and five is ten.3. The picture is on the wall.4. His voice sounds sweet.5. This is yours.6. Her wish is to become an engineer.7. We must be off now.四、找出句子的宾语,并说明是什么词类。
1.I like China.2.He hates you.3.We need two.4.I enjoy swimming.5.They began to cry.五、找出句子的定语,并说明是什么词类。
1.What’s your name, please?2.We have four lessons in the morning.3.Barking dog seldom bite.4.There is nothing to worry about.5.The boy under the tree is my brother.六、找出句子的状语,并说明是什么词类。
分词作宾语补足语在英语中,某些及物动词不仅需要宾语,而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语,即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态,这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。
有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。
句型:及物动词+宾语(n./pron.)+ 宾语补足语(n。
/ adj。
/ adv。
/ to do/ —ing/ -ed/ 介词短语共7种表示法)(1)。
感官动词 feel,hear,listen to,see,watch,notice,observe,look at(一感二听五看)等.①+ do 作宾补,表示事情全过程或一次性动作,该动作已完成。
表示一个事实。
②+ doing 作宾补,表示一个正在进行和发生的动作,尚未结束。
具有一定的描述性。
③+ done作宾补,sb跟done 之间是被动关系。
1。
I saw him ___________(change )the wheel of his car.我看见他在换汽车轮子。
2. I saw him ___________(change)the wheel of his car.我看见他换汽车轮子。
3. I saw the wheel of his car_________( change) by a boy just now。
6。
Suddenly I noticed her__________( stand) outside。
突然我注意到她正站在外边。
8。
We can hear the windows ___________(beat) by the heavy rain drops。
12。
I have never heard the song __________(sing) in my school。
我从未听过这首歌在我们学校唱过.5。
I felt an ant_________ ( climb) over my leg. 我感到一只蚂蚁正在我的腿上爬。
原题目:主谓宾补足语主谓宾补足语一、概述主谓宾补足语,也称为“补语”,是指在一个句子中,作为谓语动词和宾语的补充说明或补充性成分的词语或词组。
补语的作用是对主语或宾语进行补充、说明或修饰。
本文将介绍主谓宾补足语的分类和基本用法。
二、分类主谓宾补足语可以分为两类:主补和宾补。
1. 主补:主补出现在连系动词后面,与主语构成较为紧密的关系,一般描述主语的状态、性质、身份、职业等,常见的主补包括形容词、名词、副词、介词短语等。
示例:- 他是一位优秀的演员。
(优秀的演员是主补)- 房间里很暖和。
(很暖和是主补)- 小明出名了。
(出名了是主补)2. 宾补:宾补出现在宾语后面,与宾语构成补充性的关系,一般描述宾语的状态、结果、目的等,常见的宾补包括形容词、名词、副词、不带to的动词不定式等。
示例:- 他把房子涂成了红色。
(涂成了红色是宾补)- 我听到他唱歌了。
(唱歌了是宾补)- 她教我弹钢琴。
(弹钢琴是宾补)三、基本用法1. 主补的用法:- 形容词主补:主语 + 系动词 + 形容词- 他显得很开心。
- 这本书看起来很有趣。
- 名词主补:主语 + 系动词 + 名词- 她是一位医生。
- 这辆车是我的。
- 副词主补:主语 + 系动词 + 副词- 他似乎很累。
- 这个问题听起来不难。
- 介词短语主补:主语 + 系动词 + 介词短语- 房间里没有人。
- 他在公园里散步。
2. 宾补的用法:- 形容词宾补:及物动词 + 宾语 + 形容词- 他把房间布置得很漂亮。
- 她使我感到害怕。
- 名词宾补:及物动词 + 宾语 + 名词- 他看到了一只小猫。
- 她要做一份报告。
- 副词宾补:及物动词 + 宾语 + 副词- 我听到他说得很清楚。
- 她看见他走得很快。
- 不带to的动词不定式宾补:及物动词 + 宾语 + 不带to的动词不定式- 他让我去购物。
- 她叫我等在门口。
四、总结主谓宾补足语是对主语或宾语进行补充、说明或修饰的词语或词组。
非谓语动词作宾语补足语定义:宾语补足语通常是位于宾语之后,说明宾语的状态、特征的成分,多由名词,形容词、副词、不定式,动名词个分词充当.如:The sun keeps us warm.We call her Jenny.They found him out.Make yourself at home.They wish you to go with them.I heard him singing.You must get your hair cut.宾语+宾语补足语=复合宾语,宾语和宾语补足语之间在逻辑上往往有主表、或者主谓的关系.一、动词不定式作宾补。
1.V1 + sb. + to do sth.常用动词有:advise 建议allow 允许ask 叫,请bear 忍受beg 乞求cause 导致command 命令encourage 鼓励expect 期待forbid 禁止force 迫使get 使hate 讨厌help 帮助intend 想要invite 邀请leave 让like 喜欢mean 打算need 需要oblige 迫使order 命令permit 允许persuade 说服prefer 宁愿request 请求remind 提醒teach 教tell 告诉trouble 麻烦want 想要warn 警告wish 希望wait for 等would like 想要would love 想要would prefer 宁愿persuade (劝说)sb to do sth = persuade sb into doing sth温馨提示:1.advise, forbid,allow, permit 这四个词后既可以直接加动名词作宾语,也可以接不定式作宾语补足语,即构成doing sthadvise/ forbid/ allow/ permitsb to do sth2.fear, excuse, refuse, insist, hope, suggest, agree, decide, demand, thank, arrange 等动词后不可接sb to do sth。
主谓宾补的练习题主谓宾补是英语语法中的重要概念,指的是在一个句子中,谓语动词后面除了直接宾语外,还有一个补语来对宾语进行进一步的修饰或说明。
主谓宾补可以是形容词、名词、介词短语等。
下面是一些关于主谓宾补的练习题,通过这些题目的练习,可以加深对主谓宾补的理解和运用。
练习题一:形容词作宾补1. 她把花摆在桌子上。
(补全句子,加入形容词作为宾补)2. 我看到他把自行车修好了。
(补全句子,加入形容词作为宾补)3. 她的美丽使我着迷。
(补全句子,加入形容词作为宾补)4. 他把问题解释得很清楚。
(补全句子,加入形容词作为宾补)5. 这个故事让我感到开心。
(补全句子,加入形容词作为宾补)练习题二:名词作宾补1. 她把书籍捐献给了学校图书馆。
(补全句子,加入名词作为宾补)2. 我听到他把这个消息传达给了大家。
(补全句子,加入名词作为宾补)3. 这个故事给我带来了许多启示。
(补全句子,加入名词作为宾补)4. 她把奖励颁发给了获胜者。
(补全句子,加入名词作为宾补)5. 这个消息使我变得悲伤。
(补全句子,加入名词作为宾补)练习题三:介词短语作宾补1. 她把钥匙放在桌子上。
(补全句子,加入介词短语作为宾补)2. 我看到他把钱包掉在地上了。
(补全句子,加入介词短语作为宾补)3. 这个消息引起了许多争议。
(补全句子,加入介词短语作为宾补)4. 她把饭菜放在了餐桌上。
(补全句子,加入介词短语作为宾补)5. 这个消息使我感到担心。
(补全句子,加入介词短语作为宾补)练习题四:动词不定式作宾补1. 她留下自己的名字以示纪念。
(补全句子,加入动词不定式作为宾补)2. 我听到他用英语唱了一首歌。
(补全句子,加入动词不定式作为宾补)3. 这个消息使我开始思考人生。
(补全句子,加入动词不定式作为宾补)4. 她把糖果分给了每个人。
(补全句子,加入动词不定式作为宾补)5. 这个问题使我难以回答。
(补全句子,加入动词不定式作为宾补)通过以上练习题的答题,希望对主谓宾补的理解有了更深入的认识与掌握。
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十大词性、句子成分分析、五大基本句型及句子类型讲解与练习一、新课导入个体名词 集体名词普通名词 物质名词1.名词 抽象名词 专有名词功能:表示人或事物的名称人称代词: 主格 宾格 (注意it 的用法)物主代词: 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词指示代词:this , that , these , those单数:myself`, yourself, himself, herself , itself , oneself反身代词:复数:ourselves, yourselves, themselves2.代词疑问代词:who, whom , whose, what, which.简单不定代词:One/ones, Either/neither , both/all, each/ everyanother, other, the other, others, theothers复合不定代词: somebody, anybody, nobody不定代词 someone, anyone, no onesomething, anything, nothingeverybody , everyone , everything 功能:用来代替名词、形容词或数词等3.数词: 基数词 序数词 功能:表数量或顺序4.冠词: 定冠词 不定冠词 零冠词 //功能:用在名词前,帮助说明名词所指的人或事物表地点:at/ in/ on/ to, above/ over/ on , below/ under/ underneath…。
宾补的⽤法宾补怎么⽤ 宾语补⾜语指在英语中有些及物动词,接了宾语意义仍不完整,还需要有⼀个其他的句⼦成分,来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等,英语要如何使⽤宾补呢?以下是由店铺整理关于宾补的⽤法的内容,希望⼤家喜欢! 宾补的⽤法 I'm going to paint it pink. 我打算把它涂成粉红⾊(选⾃《新概念英语第⼀册》) 句⼦中的“it”显然是宾语。
但是主语将要做的并不是it,⽽是“paint it pink”。
“pink” 是句⼦中的宾语补⾜语。
它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,也就是说从逻辑上来讲,是pink呈现了it的状态,让句⼦意思更加完整。
这⾥的宾语it与宾补pink的关系是系动词与表语的关系(即主系表结构),如⼤家所知,主系表结构是为了呈现主语的特点特征、状态、⾝份等信息。
本质意思是it is pink,形式表现是it pink。
句⼦中的“pink”是形容词做宾语补⾜语。
能够充当宾补的⼤致还有:不定式,现在分词,过去分词,副词,介宾短语。
⼀般情况下,宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后。
⽐如: I find learning English difficult.(difficult是形容词做宾补) I saw the kite up and down.(up and down是副词做宾补) Tom made the girl cry.(cry是省略不定式符号to的动词不定式) 常跟复合宾语的动词有:call(叫),named(叫做),make(做),think(思考),find(找),leave(离开),keep(保持),nominate(任命),choose,elect(选举),define(定义),regard(认为), see(看),recognize(认出),treat,take,consider(考虑),look up,refer to(提到),accept(接受),acknowledge(承认),describe,depict(描述),represent(表现出),declare(宣称),denounce(指责),employ(雇佣),use(使⽤),show(展⽰),organize,express(表达)等。
非谓语动词作宾语补足语定义:宾语补足语通常是位于宾语之后,说明宾语的状态、特征的成分,多由名词,形容词、副词、不定式,动名词个分词充当.如:The sun keeps us warm.We call her Jenny.They found him out.Make yourself at home.They wish you to go with them.I heard him singing.You must get your hair cut.宾语+宾语补足语=复合宾语,宾语和宾语补足语之间在逻辑上往往有主表、或者主谓的关系.一、动词不定式作宾补。
1.V1 + sb. + to do sth.常用动词有:advise 建议allow 允许ask 叫,请bear 忍受beg 乞求cause 导致command 命令encourage 鼓励expect 期待forbid 禁止force 迫使get 使hate 讨厌help 帮助intend 想要invite 邀请leave 让like 喜欢mean 打算need 需要oblige 迫使order 命令permit 允许persuade 说服prefer 宁愿request 请求remind 提醒teach 教tell 告诉trouble 麻烦want 想要warn 警告wish 希望wait for 等would like 想要would love 想要would prefer 宁愿persuade (劝说)sb to do sth = persuade sb into doing sth温馨提示:1.advise, forbid,allow, permit 这四个词后既可以直接加动名词作宾语,也可以接不定式作宾语补足语,即构成doing sthadvise/ forbid/ allow/ permitsb to do sth2.fear, excuse, refuse, insist, hope, suggest, agree, decide, demand, thank, arrange 等动词后不可接sb to do sth。
精心整理宾语补足语讲解一、定义:宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后,对宾语进行补充说明。
二、句子结构是:主+谓+宾+宾补三宾语补足语的词语形式有:副词,形容,名词,介词短语,不定式(带to/不带to),分词(现在分词/过去分词)四、具体说明:(1)副词作宾语补足语如:Ifoundhim in yesterday.(2)形容词作宾语补足语如:Wemustkeepourclassroom clean.(3)名词作宾语补足语如:Wecallthem mooncakes.(4)介词短语作宾语补足语如:Ileftmypen onmydesk athome.(5)不定式作宾语补足语如:Sheoftenasksme tohelp her.Ioftenseehim play football.用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明:①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。
如:Ioftenhelpmymother(to)dosomehousework.②在使役动词和感官动词后作宾语补足语,不定式不带to。
这些动词有:一感:feel;二听:hear,listento;三让:let,have,make四观看:observe,see,watch,lookat如:I saw theboy climb thewall(过程)如:Theboss makes theboy work dayandnight.这类动词转为被动语态时,其后不定式符号to要重新加上去(注意have没有被动语态)。
Thoughhehadoften madehislittlesistercry,todayhe wasmadetocry byhislittlesister.虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹,但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了③表示心理状态的动词(consider,think,believe,discover,find,imagine,judge,suppose,prove等)后接不定式tobe+形容词或名词"结构作宾语补足语。
初三英语宾语补足语练习题40题(带答案)1. We made the classroom ______.A. cleanB. cleansC. cleaningD. to clean答案解析:A。
在这个句子中,“make + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”结构,这里的宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语“the classroom”的状态的。
形容词“clean”可以作宾语补足语,表示“使教室干净”。
选项B“cleans”是动词第三人称单数形式,不能作宾补;选项C“cleaning”是动名词或者现在分词形式,在这里不能作“make”的宾补;选项D“to clean”是动词不定式,在“make”这个结构中,不需要加“to”,所以也不正确。
2. They found the story ______.A. interestingB. interestedC. interestD. interests答案解析:A。
“find + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”结构,这里形容词“interesting”作宾补,用来描述“the story”的特征,即“这个故事是有趣的”。
选项B“interested”通常用来形容人,表示“感兴趣的”;选项C“interest”是名词或者动词原形,不能作宾补;选项D“interests”是动词第三人称单数或者名词复数形式,不符合句子结构要求。
3. She called her dog ______.A. LuckyB. LuckC. LuckilyD. Lucks答案解析:A。
“call + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”结构,这里名词“Lucky”作宾补,用来给狗命名。
选项B“Luck”是名词,但是不符合给狗命名的语境;选项C“Luckily”是副词,不能作宾补;选项D“Lucks”形式错误,不存在这种形式。
4. We keep the windows ______ in winter.A. closeB. closedC. closingD. to close答案解析:B。
高一M3语法——宾补ⅠObject Complement (verb + object + complement)One mad action is not enough to prove a man mad.Everyone supposes him (to be) poor, but he’s really quite wealthy.Then he declared the meeting open.I cut him short in the middle of his explanation. (打断)The pain nearly drove him mad/crazy. /The noise sent him crazy.elect/make/choose/appoint/name/judge/keepSome experts called the storm a disaster.这类句子常可用于被动结构:be called sth; be chosen (to be) …1. 这类动词后有时可用it作形式上宾语,而把真正宾语放到补语后面去:feel it his duty to do sth, make it a rule to do sth, think it our duty to do sth, feel it a great honor to do sth 2. 表示独一无二的职位头衔的名词作宾语补足语时,其前通常用零冠词eg; In 1864 people made Lincoln president of the United States for the second time.在这类句子中介词短语作宾语的补语(而不是作状语),许多动词后可跟这类结构:kept him in bed; put its affairs in order; leave you in my charge; let my mind at rest.(使我放心);find her in tears. place me in a very difficult position, take all this for granted(想当然), get/bring/keep the fire under control; put sth under protection; make himself of more importance in the business这类句子也可用于被动结构:The things should be kept in good order.The forest fire was finally brought under control.He was left in charge of the house while his parents were on vacation.有一些动词后可跟这种复合宾语have sb in; find sb in, get sth down, declare the meeting over, leave the light on1. + to do有大量动词可跟这种复合宾语,如:advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, command, educate, enable, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, instruct, invite, lead, order, permit, press, persuade, remind, request, require, recommend, sign, teach, tell, train, urge, want, warn, wish2. + to be这些动词常见有think, suppose, imagine, judge, declare, prove, discover, report, consider etc.eg. They thought him to be a wealthy man.Everyone reported him to be the best man for the job.3. + to have done有时可用不定式的完成式或进行形式如be considered/ believed/ thought/ supposed / known / said / reported to be/to be doing/to have done sth. 注:这类句子常用在被动结构中eg. They believed the novel to have been written in 1905.14. 疑问词+to do不定式前有时有一个连接副(代)词, 即:疑问词+不定式:know, advise, teach, show,5.有些动词后的宾补不定式不带to如make, let, have, notice, feel, listen to, hear, look at, see, observe, watch, notice 。
注意:①被动式中要带to, be made to do sth, be heard to do sth。
②have和let本身没有被动语态,have sth done; let sth be done6. 某些习语后可跟这类复合宾语:depend on/rely on/count on sb to do sth(指望); long for sb to do sth(渴望), call on sb to do sth. (号召)有些动词后面带有现在分词的复合宾语:感官动词look at, see, listen to, hear, smell, observe, watch, find, feel, catch, have, keep, get etc.get sb/sth doing sth使……开始做某事,catch sb doing sth 当场抓住某人做某事,have sb/sth doing sth 让……一直做某事)这种句子有时也可用于被动结构:be heard doing sth; be caught doing sth(see, hear, notice, watch, keep, find, feel, have, make oneself…, get)To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as we can.She said goodbye with tears in her eyes.He often sleeps with the windows open.All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.He fell asleep with the lamp burning.With so many people to help us, we are sure to finish it in time.宾语补足语(动词形式填空)The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see _______ (carry) out the next year.—There’s a hole in your bag.—I know, I’m going to have it _____(mend).Though he had often made his little sister _____(cry), today he was made _____ (cry) by his little sister.They would not allow him _________(risk, go) across the enemy line.I found the door __________(lock) when I got home.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ______ (not do).I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise_________(go) on.With a lot of difficult problems__________(settle), the newly-elected president is having a hard time.I advised __________________ (他开始)/ suggested __________________ (他开始) at once.When I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still ___________(beat).You had better get a doctor __________ (pull) out your bad tooth.He managed to make himself (understand) with his_______(break) English.The doctor asked him not to leave his wound ____________(expose vt. 暴露).They are going to have the service man _________(install安装) an electric fan in the office tomorrow.You will see this product __________ (advertise) wherever you go.2His remarks left me ____________(wonder) about his real purpose.When I caught him ______________(cheat) me, I stopped dealing with this shop.Did you intend us _________(use) the new method?The teacher encouraged us _________(write) good compositions.Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _______ (repair) wentwrong again.With trees, flowers and grass_________(plant) everywhere, my native town had taken on a new look.She was glad to see her child well__________(take) care of.The result of the entrance exams was not made ___________(know) to the public until last Thursday.I can make you _________(understand) what I say, but you can’t make yourself _________ (understand) in English.He found them ________(sit)/______(seat) at a table_______(play) the chess.John rushed out in a hurry, __________(leave) the door___________(未锁).We are pleased to see the problem_____________(settle) so quickly.I could feel the wind _____________(blow) on my face from an open window.With everything she needed_________(buy), she left the supermarket with satisfaction.Don’t leave the water __________ (run) while you brush your teeth.He looked around and caught a man ________ (put) his hand into the pocket of a passenger.Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents _______(worried/worrying).An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _________(issue发出) clearwarnings before firing any shots.-Good morning. Can I help you? -I'd like to have this package __________(weigh), Madame.The missing boys were last seen ___________(play) near the river.Seeing the sun ___________(rise) above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.I was disappointed to find his suggestions _______________(turn) down.The patient was warned ____________(eat) only food after the operation.The speaker raised he r voice but still couldn’t make herself _______ (hear).If you go to Xi’an, you’ll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly _______ (suppose).It’s so cold today, we must keep the fire ____________(burn).They didn’t observe her _______ (come) in and go upstairs.How about the two of us ____________(take) a walk down the garden?I have had my bike ______(repair), and I’m going to have somebody ____ (repair) my radio tomorrow._________(enter) the room, the nurse found the tape recorder __________(不见了).I have often heard the ABC Song __________(sing), but I have never heard Alice ______ (sing) it.I can hardly imagine Peter __________(sail) across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.---Have you had anyone _____________ (decorate) your newly-bought flat?---Not yet. I am going to get John ___________ (make) a design for it first.Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _________(remind) of his own dreams. Have you heard of the news that Jack has been fired only because he was caught _________(smoke) in the kitchen?3make sb do; be made to domake herself understoodhave sb dohave sth donehave sb doingwon’t / can’t have sb doing*have sth to doleave sb/sth doingleave sb to doleave sth undonekeep sb doingkeep sb doneget sb to doget sb doneget sth doingfind oneself doingfind sth donesee/hear sb doing;see/hear sb donesee/hear sb doobserve sb doing/done/dowith sb doing/done/to do4。