高考七选五解题技巧分析课件(共15张PPT)

behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
▶词汇详解 ① cryptography n. 密码学,为不可数名词。 ② spell out 用字母拼,拼写;解释明白,讲清楚 Could you spell that name out again?你能不能把那个名字再拼一次? You know what I mean — I‘m sure I don‘t need to spell it out.你明白我的意思,肯定不需要我解释 了。
常见的六种指代方法：
人们讲话或写文章时，常常要把前后讲的或写的内容加 以联系。联系的方式有几类，它们为语言的应用提供粘 合(cohesion)。
Leabharlann Baidu1. 返指(referring back)已经提及的事项。
2. 预指(referring forward)将要说及的事项。
返指方法一： 使用名词词组返指前文中的具体名词，避免重复，并从意思上进 行具体解释。
38 You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let‘s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message "Meet me" would read "13 5 5 20 13 5."
1.细节理解句出现在段落内部,考查的是段落内部句子之间,特别是前后句之 间的逻辑关系。表示逻辑关系的标志词、连接词或插入语等。
2.过渡句包括段落内部的过渡句和段落之间的过渡句。同义词、代词、上下 义词、同一范畴词等。转折关系、并列关系、因果关系、递进关系。
3.主题概括句以考查段落标题为主,设题位置一般在段首或段尾,考查文章的 段落大意。有时也会考查整篇文章的标题句,即文章主旨句。文章主旨句往 往以文章标题的形式出现。
七选五解题技巧
在做七选五时，应该注意以下四点： 1.把握文章主题句和结尾句 2.特别注意句句之间、段段之间的连接词 3.答案模糊时，联系上下文，排除干扰项 4.检查时，代入选项看是否通顺
有逻辑性的解题步骤： 1. 先读题目要求的第一句,初步了解主题 2. 利用语法知识确定句子缺失成分 3. 重点阅读空格前后的句子利用各种衔接手段选择正 确的选项填入空格 4. 认真阅读选项,并找出关键词与空格进行搭配
2. 总分关系 (举例关系) A modern bank provides many services other than checking accounts. ____1____ If you went to a bank to open a savings account, you would go through almost the same procedures followed in applying for a checking account. A. But the majority of them pay semiannually, that is, every six months. B. The interest rate varies from bank to bank, but the general range is from 4 1/2 to 6 percent. C. This means that passbook contains an actual record of all transactions made and that you know the exact amount of savings you have at any one time. D. One of these is checking accounts. E. First you would be asked to fill out a signature card. F. One of the most important of these is regular passbook savings.
There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of "My elephant eats too many eels“ spell out the hidden message "Meet me."
4. 因果关系: 如果空格前后出现表示因果关系的词或词组,空格与前后句子是 因果关系 Suppose you had an assistant who screened and selected only the quality books for you. ____ (1)____ . So you could obtain a working knowledge of the book’s contents in a fraction of the time. Now you can have that assistant with Executive Book Summaries. A) These introductory texts are the most important books and using them can pay big dividends. B) Discover practical tips and techniques you can apply without delay. C) In order to avoid this problem, we select for you only the truly worthwhile titles and reject the rest. D) According to studies published in psychology journals, you retain the content of a summary better than a book. E) He or she would take the most important ideas from each one, and compile them into a neat executive summary.
3. 转折关系: 空格前后的句子在含义上发生转折 Electricity is a significant source of export income for Canada. ____ 1 ____ But in the 1970s,Canadian exports rose sharply to address the U. S. demand for cheaper and more reliable. A. Besides, electricity from coal and nuclear is 50% to 75% cheaper than many other industrial nations. B. Generated primarily by water, our power supplies have attracted and supported energy intensive industries such as mining. C. It also ranks among the top three electricity producers in the world, behind the U. S. and Russia. D. Next to electricity, Canadian paper exports came to 900 million US dollars every year in the 1960s. E. Two large nuclear power plants began to generate electricity. F. Canada and the U. S. imported and exported power in almost equal measures after 1901.
返指方法二： 在名词（或名词词组）前使用the这一特指限定词，返指前文中 提到的名词或词组。
返指方法三： 使用副词来指代前文中提到或讨论到的时间。
返指方法四： 用this；that和他们的复数形式these和those清楚地返指前文中提 到的事物和事实；用such作为限定词或形容词返指刚刚提及的事物。
返指方法五： 所谈的行为或情况在前面已经提及时，可用so来替代。
返指方法六： 使用人称代词和物主代词。 在A－F备选句中一旦出现代词，就应该在前文中找到对应。否则该 句就不能成为答案。
常见的几种句型关系 1. 并列关系:空格前后的句子基本属于同一主题, 没有发生转折 All banks pay interest on savings accounts.____1____ Banks also pay interest at different times. ____2____ Suppose, for example, that on January 1, you deposited $ 1,000 in a bank that paid 4 1/2 percent interest semiannually. By July 1,you would have earned $ 22.50 interest. This interest would automatically be credited to your account; and of you left it in the bank, along with your original deposit, you would receive interest on $ 1,022.50 for the next six-month period. That is, your interest would be compounded. A. The majority of them pay semiannually, that is, every six months. B. The interest rate varies from bank to bank, but the general range is from 4 1/2 to 6 percent. C. This means that passbook contains an actual record of all transactions made and that you know the exact amount of savings you have at any one time. D. One of these is checking accounts. E. First you would be asked to fill out a signature card. F. But most banks pay interest at the end of a year.
Passage 1[2016·(全国Ⅰ)] Secret codes (密码) keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret
codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer. People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags (落后) far