unit1
When I think of people in this world who have really made a difference, I think of my parents. They were truly saints among ordinary people.
I was one of the ten children my parents adopted. They rescued（挽救）each of us from a life of poverty（贫穷） and loneliness（孤独）. They were hardly able to restrain（克制）themselves from bringing home more children to care for. If they had had the resources（资源）they certainly would have.
Most people do not realize how much they appreciated （感激） someone until they pass away（大多数人都不知道他们有多么感激一个人，直到那个人去世）. My sisters and brothers and I did not want this to happen before we uttered（说）the words "Thank you" to our parents（我的妹妹和弟弟和我都不想在我们对父母说谢谢你之前让这件事发生）.
Although we have all grown up and scattered（散落） about the country, we got back together to thank our parents. My brother Tom undertook（从事，承担）the task of organizing the event. Every Friday night, Mom and Dad have had the ham dinner special at the same restaurant for the last twenty years. That is where we waited without their knowing. When we first caught a glimpse（瞥一眼） of them coming across the street, we all hid underneath（在…之下） a big table. When they entered, we leapt（跳出来） out and shouted, "Thank you, Mom and Dad." My brother Tom presented （提供）them with a card（办法,手段,妙计）and we all hugged（拥抱）. My Dad pretended（假装） that he had known we were under the table all along.
1.无论你是多么富有经验的演说家，无论你做了多么充分的准备，你都很难在这样嘈杂招待会上发表演讲（no matter how）
No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you have prepared your speech, you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception.
2.就像吉米妹妹的朋友都关心吉米一样，吉米也关心他们(just as )
Just as all his sister’s friends cared about him, Jimmy cared about them.
3.汽车的生产商在新车的几处都印有汽车识别号码，以便帮助找回被盗车辆
Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles.
4.老师回来时你敢告我状的话，我就不再和你说话了
If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more.
5.有些老年人愿意独自过日子，但大多数老人选择和儿女一起生活(on one’s own)
Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children.
6.现在需要面对的事情是：如何筹集创建公司所需的资金(reckon with)
Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get the necessary finances to establish the company.
unit2
Women who exercise regularly need to be careful with what they eat. Researchers have found evidence（证据，迹象） that even moderate（适度的） exercise can result in losing iron. They said that women who exercise regularly, especially in endurance（耐久） activities, typically lose iron. In order to prevent this from becoming a problem（为了防止这成为问题）, it is important that those women consume more meat（吃肉） or take supplements（补充）to replace （取代） the iron lost. Those who do not bother to get plentiful amounts of iron （嫌麻烦不愿意获得大量铁的人） may begin to feel weak and tired. "If you can get the recommended daily allowance（按定量供给）of iron in your diet（如果你能每天服用推荐铁的含量）, you will probably perform better," said one diet specialist. "One shortcoming（缺点） of taking iron pills is that the pill form is not well absorbed（专心致志，全神贯注） and can sometimes make you sick. It is preferable（可取的） that you try to remedy（治疗） the deficiency（缺点）by getting more iron-rich meats（红肉） in your diet."
There are ways to help your body store（储存）away（一直在做…） the iron
it takes in. By getting plenty of Vitamin C, your body is able to process（处理）, or use, the iron better. Researchers acknowledge（承认，声明）that everyone's body is different and the problem will be less serious for some. Because it is impossible to decide whether or not this could be a problem for you, health specialists say（健康专家说） it is advisable（明智的） to check your iron levels. Even when you can't feel it, you may still have a problem.
1.被告是位年仅30岁的女子，她坚持称自己无罪(use an appositive)使用同位语
The defendant, a woman of only 30, kept insisting on her own innocence（无罪）.
2.总体来看，枣、豆类以及一些多叶的绿色蔬菜是最好的铁质来源(use an absolute tructure)使用独立主格结构
All tings considered, dates, beans and some leafy green vegetables are the best sources of iron.
3.正餐时不供应饮料，饮料会影响消化
No beverages are served with meals because they interfere with digestion.
4.考虑到那个地方受欢迎的程度，提前订旅馆是明智的
Taking the popularity of the region into consideration, it is advisable to book hotels in advance.
5.服药后若有呕吐感，请立即停止服用并尽快咨询医生
If you have a feeling of wanting to throw up after taking this drug, stop taking it immediately and consult your doctors as soon as possible.
6.总结这次讨论时，他说双方都要好好考虑怎样以最有效的方法来解决这一问题Summing up the discussion, he said both parties should consider the most effective way to solve the problem.
unit3
While many private schools are focusing more on values（重视）, public schools are moving toward testing standards. The national government demands（需要）academic（学术上的） success and tests are taken as a key measurement（量度；份量，尺寸；） for a school's performance（表现）. Schools with low test scores face penalties（惩罚） such as a reduction（减少） in money to run（经营）their schools. And, even individual teachers are being graded on（分级） how they're preparing their students for these tests.
"We have concentrated（集中的，全神贯注的） too much on teaching the kids
how to take these tests," commented（评论）one elementary school teacher（初中老师）. "We should be providing a more comprehensive（综合的，全面的）curriculum （课程） to these kids. We should be cultivating（改善，培养）leadership and curiosity（领导能力和好奇心）. Unfortunately, there is never time."
One school principal remarked（重要的评论）, "It's true that it would be beneficial（有益的） to our kids if they were getting better scores on the subjects being tested. The trouble is that in poorer areas of the city like ours, kids start school less equipped（被装备） to perform（工作） well. We have many obstacles（障碍）to overcome（战胜，压倒） before we can teach them basic subjects. All schools are not alike（同样地） , so they shouldn't be tested that way."
"The goal is to improve performance in schools that are not providing（提供） their students with tools for success," said one government official. He admits（承认）, however, that he is having a hard time convincing faculty（说服全体教职员工） and teachers this plan will work.
1.在思维方面，与他的行为一样，他是非常传统的(use “as” with the meaning of “in the way that , in the manner（方法）that ,like”.)
In his thinking, as in his behavior, he is very traditional.
2.教师一旦同意接受新的教学计划。
他们就得面对新计划所带为他们的压力(use “once ”as a conjunction（连接）with the meaning “from the moment that”.)
Once the teachers agree to accept the new teaching program, they have to face the strain it puts on them.
3.从长远看，大学毕业后继续深造而不是直接参加工作是值得的
In the long run, it is worthwhile to pursue one’s study after graduating from university instead of going to work directly.
4.由于这所学校的办学宗旨是品德第一，所以道德观和学习成绩受到同样的重视
As the school operates on the Character First principle, moral values and academic achievements are stressed equally.
5. 据说，原定于这个月召开的会议将推迟到下个月召开
It is said that the meeting, which is scheduled to be held this month, will be put off till next month.
6.这所学校把为学生做好人生准备当作其职责，办法是倡导一整套能使所有学生受益的道德标准（see…as）
The school sees its job as preparing its students for life by cultivating a comprehensive set of principles that can benefit all of them.
unit5
As a surgeon（外科医生，军医）, I have seen a lot of deaths. I am rarely astonished（很少惊讶） by anything. The other day, however, one humorous and slightly odd story(轻微奇怪的故事) I heard touched me. A doctor told me that a very old woman he was treating was lying motionless（静止不动的）on her pillow face down. He thought she was dead, but when he approached（靠近）, he noticed she was breathing. Her hospital gown（病服）exposed（暴露出）her back bare （赤裸的后背）, so he put a cover over her. Just then she sat up slowly（慢慢的做起来）, startling（令人吃惊的） the doctor. She seemed quite alive.
"I thought you were nearly gone," the doctor said. "Your breathing was so shallow（微弱的） and you seemed lifeless（毫无生气的）."
"Never mind that, doctor, I've been waiting for you," the old woman said quite confidently, as if she were his mother. She had been a good mother to four, but she had survived（幸存，比…活的更长） them all. She gracefully handed the doctor a jar（罐子） of strawberry jam. "Take the lid off（拿掉盖子） and try some," she said. He sampled（品尝） a little and told her it was delicious.
"Good," she said, handing him a piece of paper with writing. "This is how to make it." He understood what a(n) privilege（特权，权益） she had given him and took it with thanks and then left. The old woman lay back down and died soon after his departure（离开）.
1.直到看到弥留之际躺在床上的母亲，他才意识到自己是多么地爱她(use “not until ”at the begging)
Not until he saw his mother lying in bed, dying, did he realize how much he loved her.
2.考虑到他最近的身体状况，我认为他这次考试成绩还不错(use a present participle(现在分词) as adverbial（状语）)
Taking into account of his recent physical condition, I think he has done quite well in the exam.
3.克拉克夫人躺在床上一动不动，一时间我都纳闷她是否和活着
Mrs. Clark lies in bed motionless, and I wonder ed briefly if she is still alive.
4.整栋楼一片黑暗，只有三楼的某个窗户透出一丝光
The building was darkened except for a single light burning in a third-storey window.
5.这些士兵接受了严格的训练，并且对完成这项新任务有充分的准备(be equipped) These soldiers have received very strict training and are well equipped to fulfill the new task.
6.他伸手拿起电话，拨通了宾馆的号码（reach for）
He reached for the phone, picked it up, and dialed the hotel’s number.
unit6
Do you know February 2nd is Groundhog's Day (土拨鼠日)? Legend has it that on this morning（传说在这天早上）, if a groundhog can see its shadow（影子）, 如果一个土拨鼠能看见自己的影子，there will be six more weeks of winter（就会有多于六周的冬季）. If it cannot see its shadow, spring is on the way（如果不能看见，春天就快来了）. Some believe that the means of forecast is rather arbitrary（主观的，随意的） and is often incorrect（有些人认为这个预言是乱说的，通常是错误的）. Others argue that it is significant（有重大意义的）because it recognizes that the different parts of nature are connected in some way（一些人争论那是有重大意义的，因为那是一种识别大自然的不同部分间是有联系的一种方式）. Each part is dependent（依赖于）on the rest of the parts for a healthy system（对于一个健康的系统来说，每一部分又依赖于剩下的那一部分）. Some farmers pay close attention to the behavior of ducks and geese when predicting（预测）the weather（一些农民在预测天气的时候会密切注意鸭子和鹅的行为）. It is sensible （合理的） to guess an early winter is coming when you see ducks and geese moving south in October（如果你看到鸭子和鹅在十月份迁移到南方，那么你猜测冬天快要来了是合理的）. Many dog owners can tell when winter or spring will come by stroking
（轻抚） their pet（狗的主人通过轻抚他们的宠物能够知道冬天或春天将要来临）. In preparation for winter, a dog's hair becomes thicker（狗的毛会变密）. Dogs lose hair as spring sets in（狗在春天脱毛）.
Information gathered from nature can help people to take precautions（预防）against a hard winter or bad storm（从大自然采集信息能够帮助人们预防对抗一个寒冷的冬天和一场恶劣的风暴）. Some animals are even believed to be able to detect（洞察） when an earthquake will occur（一些动物甚至被人们相信能够察觉地震将要发生）. People holding this belief even go further（更进一步） to say that information gathered by computers is often worthless and nature is far more accurate（准确的）（人们坚持相信甚至更进一步说，通过电脑采集的信息是没有价值的，通过自然才是更准确的）: Isn't it time we started paying attention to what is around us?
1.我们应该尽最大努力预测地震，这样地震造成的财产破坏才会被尽可能的避免
We should try our best to forecast earthquakes so that destruction of property caused by them could be prevented as much as possible.
2.一个农民注意到有很多鱼在水面上游动，他说这预示着可能有地震发生(use “which”clause(从句))
A farmer noticed large schools of fish swimming near the surface of the water, which, he said, indicated the possible occurrence of an earthquake.
3.要将英英词典放在手边，当你不能准确地理解单词时，你就能随时查阅（keep sth. handy）
Keep an English-English dictionary handy, and when you cannot understand a word with accuracy, you may refer to it any time.
4.如有必要，生活在将要发生地震地区的人可以睡在帐篷里
If necessary, people who live in the area where an earthquake is about to occur may sleep in tents.
5.对一个想找工作的学生来说，有没有硕士学位的确有很大影响
A master’s degree does make a great difference to a student who wants to get a job.
6.这本书除了告诉我们地震方面的知识外，还告诉我们如何做好预防工作
In addition to the knowledge about earthquakes, the book tells us how to prepare for them.。
